卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站广东省深圳市福田区2023-2024高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、第一部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
The Young Scholars Program
The University of Maryland's Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits, pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland. The program is challenging and meaningful. Students have the opportunity to show that they can be successful in a university environment.
The Activities
During three weeks of exploration, teens preview the university experience, study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment. Students can have trips to nearby Washington, D.C. and enjoy movie nights and activities at the student union. Workshops and seminars featuring speakers in academic fields further enrich the learning experience.
The Courses
The Young Scholars Program offers college courses that are at the cutting edge of theory, thought and technology. Classes generally meet every day from Monday to Friday. The program is a great introduction to the University of Maryland. Participants can benefit from the University of Maryland's vast resources, including libraries, computers and instructional labs.
The Rewards
Upon program completion, teens will go home with better preparations for the college experience — both academically and socially. In addition, students earn three college credits that post to the University of Maryland transcript (成绩单).
The Application
The application process includes submission of the application, high school transcript and a letter of recommendation.
Ages: 14-18
Mailing address: The University of Maryland College Park
For more information, call 3014057762.
1．Which is NOT true about the program according to paragraph 1
A．It is intended for college students.
B．It can offer college credits for teens.
C．It's worth participating.
D．It can let teens experience college life in advance.
2．What can teens do during three weeks of the program
A．They can learn from the best students of the University of Maryland
B．They can join the student union of the University of Maryland.
C．They can attend a meeting for academic discussion.
D．They can attend classes every day.
3． If you want to apply for the program, you need ____.
A．preview the university environment ahead of time
B．take a part time job in the university's library
C．submit high school transcript
D．call 3014057762 to contact the university first.
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了马里兰大学的青年学者计划的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The University of Maryland's Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits, pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland."马里兰大学的青年学者计划是一个完美的夏令营，适合那些想在马里兰大学获得大学学分、追求学术兴趣或探索大学生活的有学术天赋的青少年。可知，该计划针对的是想在马里兰大学学习的青少年，而不是大学生，所以A项错误。故选A。
2．考查推理判断。根据The Activities部分中的"During three weeks of exploration, teens preview the university experience, study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment."在为期三周的探索中，青少年们在充满活力和挑战的课堂环境中预览大学经历，与有相似兴趣的学生一起学习，并与马里兰大学最好的老师交流。可知，青少年们可以与老师进行交流，并与有相似兴趣的学生一起学习，可推知，青少年们可以参加有关学术讨论的会议。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据The Application部分中的"The application process includes submission (提交) of the application, high school transcript and a letter of recommendation."申请程序包括提交申请、高中成绩单和推荐信。可知，要申请该项目需要提交申请、高中成绩单和推荐信。故选C。
阅读理解
A British woman, Dr. Mantri, growing up in India started to notice his son, Dhruv, was struggling with simple arithmetic when he was in fifth-grade. After noticing this, she started employing an abacus（算盘）to help her son visually comprehend mathematics.
"I would ask him something like 35 minus 13 and he couldn't do it." said Dhruv's mom Dr. Mantri. "I decided to change the way he looked at numbers," she said. "An abacus is a tried and tested method, and the Egyptians used them for building the pyramid." In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus and would go on to become a whizz kid with numbers, with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help.
She never thought she would teach her son using an abacus, which she used as a child in India and it was always helpful. Within six days she started to notice a difference and see results. So dramatic was the turn around that school staff asked him to perform with the abacus at an assembly, where some parents even came to ask for advice on using it for their kids.
IT specialist Dr. Mantri said the humble abacus can be used for calculations into the trillions and kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game. "It becomes a playing tool for younger children, for it feels like a game. I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and visualize them." She added.
By the age of 12, Dhruv was giving online cyber security seminars and is now pursuing a career in data science and analytics. Dhruv has now landed an apprenticeship（实习）at an international firm. During the four-year apprenticeship, he will spend one day a week studying Data Science and Artificial Intelligence at Glasgow Caledonian University. "He is so confident now and I am so proud," she said, with Dhruv adding "I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time."
4．Why did Dhruv have difficulty in learning mathematics
A．He was faced with language barrier.
B．He didn't find a proper way.
C．He suffered from eyesight problems.
D．He lacked academic support from the family.
5．What does the underlined word "whizz" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Careful. B．Diligent. C．Outstanding. D．Struggling.
6．Why do kids like learning on abacus according to the text
A．They find it appealing. B．They can calculate faster.
C．They enjoy playing games. D．They are eager for success.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Dhruv was addicted to the Internet at 12.
B．Dhruv is teaching data science and analytics now.
C．Dhruv is a full-time student at Glasgow Caledonian University,
D．Dhruv's career choice was beyond his teacher's expectation.
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．A
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位英国女性Mantri用算盘帮助不擅长数学的儿子取得进步的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"After noticing this, she started employing an abacus (算盘) to help her son visually comprehend mathematics."注意到这一点后，她开始用算盘来帮助儿子直观地理解数学；以及第二段中的"In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus and would go on to become a whizz kid with numbers"在短短6天里，他开始在算盘方面取得进步，并成为了数字方面的能手。可知，Dhruv五年级时在算术方面很吃力，他的妈妈用算盘来帮助他直观地理解数学，他取得了很大进步，因此一开始Dhruv在学习算术方面有困难是因为他没有找到合适的方法。故选B。
5．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus"在短短6天里，他开始在算盘方面取得进步；以及"with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help"甚至他同学的父母都向他求助。可知，此处指Dhruv在使用算盘后成为了数字方面的能手，whizz意为"优秀的，出色的"。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"IT specialist Dr. Mantri said the humble abacus can be used for calculations into the trillions and kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game. ‘It becomes a playing tool for younger children, for it feels like a game. I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and visualize them.' She added."IT专家Mantri博士说，简单的算盘可以用来计算万亿，孩子们喜欢学习它，因为它就像一个游戏。‘对于年幼的孩子来说，它变成了一个游戏工具，因为它感觉像一个游戏。我认为成功的原因在于孩子们可以触摸和感觉算盘，并将其形象化。'她补充道。可知，孩子喜欢用算盘学习是因为它就像一个游戏，对孩子来说有吸引力。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time."我认为我的老师当时不会想到我会从事数据科学的职业。可知，Dhruv的职业选择超出了老师的预期。故选D。
阅读理解
In May 2012, Australia's Macquarie Dictionary and the McCann Advertising Agency gathered a group of language experts to name a phenomenon common in the age of the smartphone. They called the phenomenon "phubbing", and defined it as "the act of snubbing (无视) someone in a social setting by looking at your phone instead of paying attention." It's not the usual way words begin to exist.
A month later, the first example of phubbing in a major newspaper appeared in a letter to the editor of The Age, published in Melbourne. Since then, the word has appeared in various media the world over. Phubbing has yet to be fully adopted in the U. S., but we have collected some evidence of it in use.
On 29 September 2015, James A. Roberts wrote in the Huffinington Post, "In the present case, phubbing is a combination of the words phone and snubbing. To be phubbed is to be snubbed by someone using their cell phone while in your company. The ‘phubb' could be an interruption of your conversation with someone when he or she uses their cell phone or is distracted by it (steal glances when they think you're not looking) instead of paying attention to you. Maybe worse, you've been phubbed if someone used their cell phone instead of communicating with you while staying close to you. Oh, the shame."
The meaning and various forms of the word have yet to settle out. Is it phubbing if you're staring at your tablet instead of your phone Is the singular noun (and the base form of the verb) spelled phubb, as in the example above, or phub, as in some other sources These are the sorts of questions we'll need answers to before we're ready to consider phubbing and its relations for entry. In the meanwhile, you can of course use phubbing if you feel the need. It seems we all do these days.
8．What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about phubbing
A．Its usage. B．Its birth.
C．Its influence. D．Its definition.
9．What may phubbing probably lead to according to James A. Roberts
A．Obvious embarrassment in life.
B．Heavy reliance on cellphones.
C．Complete ignorance by your friends.
D．Permanent breakup of relationship.
10．What can we learn from the last paragraph about the word phubb
A．It arouses heated arguments. B．It proves to be settled.
C．It's not included in a dictionary. D．It's not difficult to understand.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Where Phubbing Leads Us
B．Why Phubbing Ruins Our Life
C．What Makes Phubbing Commonly Seen
D．How Phone Snubbing Becomes Phubbing
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了phubbing这个新词的诞生。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查段落大意。根据第一段"In May 2012, Australia's Macquarie Dictionary and the McCann Advertising Agency gathered a group of language experts to name a phenomenon common in the age of the smartphone. They called the phenomenon ‘phubbing', and defined it as ‘the act of snubbing(无视)someone in a social setting by looking at your phone instead of paying attention.' It's not the usual way words begin to exist."2012年5月，澳大利亚麦格理词典和麦肯广告公司召集了一组语言专家，为智能手机时代常见的一种现象命名。他们称这种现象为"phubbing"，并将其定义为"在社交场合看手机而不注意的怠慢行为"。这不是文字存在的常见方式。可知，这一段主要讲述如何产生了"phubbing"这个词，以及它的意思，所以是讲这个词的诞生。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"To be phubbed is to be snubbed by someone using their cell phone while in your company. The ‘phubb' could be an interruption of your conversation with someone when he or she uses their cell phone or is distracted by it (steal glances when they think you're not looking) instead of paying attention to you. Maybe worse, you've been phubbed if someone used their cell phone instead of communicating with you while staying close to you. Oh, the shame.""被"phubbed"是指在陪同你的时候，那些人一直在用他们的手机，而你被人冷落。"phubb"可能是当某人使用他或她的手机或被手机分心(在他们认为你没有注意的时候偷看他们)而不是注意你时，打断你们的谈话。也许更糟糕的是，如果有人在靠近你的时候使用手机而不和你交流，你一直被冷落。哦，真丢人。可知，"phubbing"可能会导致你被玩手机的朋友们忽视而感到丢人。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"These are the sorts of questions we'll need answers to before we're ready to consider phubbing and its relations for entry."在我们准备考虑phubbing和它的相关为词条之前，我们需要回答这些问题。可知，这个词成为词条之前还有许多问题要处理，因此推断的这个词还没有被收录入字典。故选C。
11．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"In May 2012, Australia's Macquarie Dictionary and the McCann Advertising Agency gathered a group of language experts to name a phenomenon common in the age of the smartphone. They called the phenomenon ‘phubbing', and defined it as ‘the act of snubbing (无视) someone in a social setting by looking at your phone instead of paying attention.' It's not the usual way words begin to exist."2012年5月，澳大利亚麦格理词典和麦肯广告公司召集了一组语言专家，为智能手机时代常见的一种现象命名。他们称这种现象为"phubbing"，并将其定义为"在社交场合看手机而不注意的怠慢行为"。这不是文字存在的常见方式；以及最后一段中的"The meaning and various forms of the word have yet to settle out."这个词的意思和各种形式还没有确定。可知，整篇文章都是围绕phubbing这个词来讨论的，从它的诞生，适用范围，到还没有确定的意思和各种形式。"Phone Snubbing是如何变成Phubbing的？"适合做文章的标题，故选D。
阅读理解
What makes people so special Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as uniquely human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well.
Among the invertebrates(无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness.
Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families — grandmother, mother, and daughter — all feeding in this highly specialized way.
Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.
12．The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they ____.
A．are not easy to fool
B．prefer fruit to vegetables
C．have a special taste for food
D．have an awareness of equality
13．What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins
A．Social interaction. B．Intelligence.
C．Tool using ability. D．Fun-loving spirits.
14．What makes dolphin culture special
A．They tend to hunt in groups.
B．Their hunting skills are passed down.
C．Their learning environment is favourable.
D．Their families are typically female-controlled.
15．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.
B．Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human baby.
C．Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species.
D．Dolphins' ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill.
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了是什么让人类如此特别 工具使用、自我意识、语言和文化都排在前列，但事实上，所有这些特征都可以在动物王国的其他地方找到，并以海豚为例，说明了海豚文化和海豚的心智技能。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes."人类和猿类是近亲，所以黑猩猩会使用工具或者大猩猩有公平竞争的意识也就不足为奇了，当它们看到自己的邻居拿葡萄时，它们甚至会拒绝胡萝卜(它们通常会接受)。可知大猩猩拒绝胡萝卜的例子表明它们有平等意识。故选D。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Among the invertebrates(无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness."在无脊椎动物中，章鱼以它们的智力而闻名，甚至显示出顽皮、使用工具和个性的证据。 但这些熟练的捕食者独自生活，因此缺乏文化。 另一方面，海豚是脑容量大、寿命长、以社会群体为基础的掠食者，正是在这里，我们发现了它们与类人文化和意识的最大相似之处。可知和海豚相比，章鱼缺少社会互动。故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families- grandmother, mother, and daughter - all feeding in this highly specialized way."从这个意义上说，许多动物都有文化，但让海豚与众不同的是它们传承的文化。 一些宽吻海豚嘴里衔着海绵，它们用海绵作为工具来清扫躲藏在海底的鱼类。 这种能力代代相传(尤其是雌性)，一些家庭——祖母、母亲和女儿——都以这种高度专门化的方式喂养 。可知让海豚文化如此特别的是它们的狩猎技巧代代相传。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark."海豚不仅能认出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一个黑色的标记，它会花额外的时间在镜子前看这个标记。可推知海豚识别自己倒影的能力是一种更高阶的心智技能。 故选D。
二、第一部分 阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In 2013, digital media consultant Baratunde Thurston launched an experiment. He decided to disconnect from his online life for twenty-five days: no Facebook, no Twitter, not even e-mail. He needed the break. 16．
It didn't take him long to adjust to a disconnected life. By the end of that first week, he was less stressed about not knowing new things. 17． He enjoyed food without Twittering the experience. But the end came too soon. After the twenty-five days. he had to restore his online presence.
His experiment summarizes two important points about our relationship with social networks like Facebook and Twitter. The first point is that we increasingly recognize that these tools fragment (碎裂) our time and reduce our ability to concentrate. 18． But the problem is especially serious if you're attempting to improve your ability to work deeply.
To fight back against these distractions, Thurston felt his only option was to quit the Internet altogether. But the problem is that no one is meant to actually follow Thurston's lead. 19． That is to accept our current distracted state as unavoidable. This brings me to the second point summarized by Thurston's story: it didn't take him long once the experiment ended to slide back into the fragmented state where he began.
This rule proposes a third option: accepting that these tools might be vital to your success and happiness, but meanwhile accepting that most people should be using fewer such tools. I won't ask you, in other words, to quit the Internet altogether like Thurston did. 20． There is a middle ground, and if you're to develop a deep work habit, you must fight to get there.
A. He struck up conversations with strangers.
B. It is a real problem for many different people.
C. "I was burnt out, fried, and done," he explained.
D. This reality accounts for the remaining alternative.
E. He had to return to the online world with books to market.
F. But I'll ask you to reject the state of highly distracted connectedness.
G. Fortunately, you will break the habit of surfing the Internet gradually.
【答案】16．C；17．A；18．B；19．D；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了数字媒体顾问Baratunde Thurston25天不上网的实验，这个实验总结出社交媒体分散我们的时间且使我们集中注意力的能力下降，作者最后建议适度使用媒体社交工具。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"He decided to disconnect from his online life for twenty-five days: no Facebook, no Twitter, not even e-mail. He needed the break."他决定在接下来的25天里远离网络生活：没有Facebook，没有Twitter，甚至连电子邮件都没有。他需要休息。可知，Baratunde Thurston过没有网络的生活是为了休息，C. "I was burnt out, fried, and done," he explained."‘我累坏了。'他解释道。"解释上文需要休息的原因，符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空前"By the end of that first week, he was less stressed about not knowing new things."到第一周结束时，他对不了解新事物的压力减轻了；以及空后"He enjoyed food without Twittering the experience."他享受美食，但没有在Twitter上分享自己的经历。可知，此处是描述他没有网络后的生活，A. He struck up conversations with strangers."他和陌生人攀谈起来。"符合语境。故选A。
18．根据空前"these tools fragment (碎裂) our time and reduce our ability to concentrate"这些工具分散了我们的时间，降低了我们集中精力的能力。指出社交网络分散我们的时间、降低我们集中精力能力的"问题"；以及空后"But the problem is especially serious if you're attempting to improve your ability to work deeply."但如果你试图提高深入工作的能力，这个问题就特别严重了。 B. It is a real problem for many different people. "这对许多不同的人来说都是一个真正的问题。"符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空前"To fight back against these distractions, Thurston felt his only option was to quit the Internet altogether. But the problem is that no one is meant to actually follow Thurston's lead."为了反击这些干扰，Thurston觉得他唯一的选择就是完全退出互联网。但问题是，没有人真的会跟随Thurston的脚步。指出没有人能像Thurston那样完全离开网络；以及空前"That is to accept our current distracted state as unavoidable."那就是接受我们当前分心的状态是不可避免的。指出人们只能回归社交网络世界，D. This reality accounts for the remaining alternative."这一现实解释了剩下的选择。"承上启下，讲明了下文的原因。故选D。
20．根据空前"I won't ask you, in other words, to quit the Internet altogether like Thurston did."换句话说，我不会要求你，像Thurston那样，完全退出互联网；以及空后"There is a middle ground"有一个中间地带)"可知，作者不要求完全退出网络，但是建议不能过度使用网络，要找到中间地带，F. But I'll ask you to reject the state of highly distracted connectedness."但我要你拒绝使你高度分心的连网状态"符合语境，是一个使用互联网的中间地带。故选F。
三、第二部分 语言应用，第一节完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was never very neat. Yet, when I arrived at college, my roommate didn't seem to appreciate my 21． . I am not sure why they 22． us together. Kim was extremely organized. She 23． everything and each item she owned had its place. We were always having a hard time with each other. She would be mad at my dirty clothes and I would 24． washing powder headaches. She would push my clothing over to one side and I would lay one of my books on her 25． desk.
However, it all came to an end one late evening and I didn't even know why we had both returned to each other's 26． . When the phone rang, she picked it up and I could tell from her end of the conversation that her father was 27． ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled under her covers and I could hear her quiet 28． . Though I didn't mean for it to happen, 1 could feel the warm feelings of 29． rising up in my heart. It was something no girl should 30． alone. What to do I smiled as I got the idea.
Slowly, 1 began to clear up my side of the room. I took back the 31． I had set on her desk. I got so 32． in my work that I didn't even notice Kim had come out from under the covers. She was watching my every move, her tears dried and her expression one of 33． . When I was finally done, I went and sat at the end of her bed. Her hand was warm as it 34． over to grasp mine. I looked up into Kim's eyes and she smiled at me.
Kim and I stayed roommates for the rest of that year. We didn't always see eye to eye, but we learned the 35． to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.
21．A． untidiness B． dignity C． privilege D． capability
22．A． persuaded B． stuck C． limited D． recorded
23．A． recognized B． acquired C． simplified D． labeled
24．A． puzzle about B． inquire about
C． complain about D． joke about
25．A． newly-furnished B． neatly-arranged
C． fully-occupied D． well-designed
26．A． annoyance B． company
C． responsibility D． absence
27．A． deadly B． slightly C． moderately D． gradually
28．A． breathing B． murmuring C． warning D． sobbing
29．A． forgiveness B, anxiety B． understanding
C． comfort
30．A． sort out B． come across
C． switch off D． go through
31．A． book B． sock C． clothing D． pencil
32．A． absorbed B． relieved C． overwhelmed D． deserted
33．A． disappointment B． nervousness
C． disbelief D． frustration
34．A． knocked B． reached C． swept D． got
35．A． aim B． agreement C． objection D． key
【答案】21．A；22．B；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．B；27．A；28．D；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．A；33．C；34．B；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者不爱整洁，不爱收拾，但她遇到一个非常爱干净的大学室友，两个人不同的生活习惯导致了矛盾。在室友遭遇悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情之心，从而达成和好。作者从中懂得一个道理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理好室友关系的关键。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：然而，当我进入大学时，我的室友似乎并不喜欢我的邋遢。A. untidiness"不整洁"；B. dignity"尊严"；C. privilege"荣幸，特权"；D. capability"能力"。根据上文"I was never very neat. "我从来都不是很整洁。可知，我的室友不喜欢我的邋遢。故选A。
22．句意：我不知道他们为什么把我们粘在一起。A. persuaded"劝说"；B. stuck"粘住"；C. limited"限制"；D. recorded"记录"。根据上文"I was never very neat. "以及空后"Kim was extremely organized."可知，作者不明白性格迥异的两人为什么会成为好朋友。stick together固定短语，"把……粘在一起"。故选B。
23．句意：她给所有东西贴上标签，每一件她拥有的东西都有自己的位置。A. recognized"认出"；B. acquired"获得"；C. simplified"简化"；D. labeled"贴标签于"。根据上文"Kim was extremely organized. "Kim非常有条理。可知，Kim爱整洁，所以会给所有东西贴上标签。故选D。
24．句意：她会对我的脏衣服很生气，我也会抱怨洗衣粉头疼。A. puzzle about"困惑于"；B. inquire about"询问"；C. complain about"抱怨"；D. joke about"开玩笑"。根据上文"I was never very neat."我从来都不是很整洁；以及空前"She would be mad at my dirty clothes"可知，我不爱干净，所以会抱怨洗衣粉。故选C。
25．句意：她会把我的衣服推到一边，我会把一本书放在她整理整齐的桌子上。A. newly-furnished"新装修的"；B. neatly-arranged"整齐排列的"；C. fully-occupied"完全占用的"；D. well-designed"设计得好的"。根据上文"Kim was extremely organized. She 3 everything and each item she owned had its place."可知，我会把一本书放在Kim整理整齐的桌子上。故选B。
26．句意：然而，这一切在一个深夜结束了，我甚至不知道为什么我们都回到了对方的陪伴。A. annoyance"恼怒"；B. company"陪伴"；C. responsibility"责任"；D. absence"缺席"。根据下文"Kim and I stayed roommates for the rest of that year."可知，作者和室友在那一天晚上和好了，回到了对方的陪伴。故选B。
27．句意：当电话铃响时，她拿起了电话，从她谈话的最后，我可以看出她父亲病了。A. deadly"及其；非常"；B. slightly"稍微"；C. moderately"适度地"；D. gradually"逐渐地"。根据下文室友的悲伤的反应以及"It was something no girl should 10 alone."可知，她父亲病得很重。故选A。
28．句意：当她挂断电话时，她迅速爬到被子下面，我可以听到她安静的哭泣。A. breathing"呼吸"；B. murmuring"低声说"；C. warning"警告"；D. sobbing"哭"。根据下文"her tears dried and her expression one of 13 "可知，室友在得知父亲生病后哭了。故选D。
29．句意：虽然我不是故意要发生这种事，但我能感觉到理解的温暖情绪在我心中升起。A. forgiveness "原谅"；B. anxiety"焦虑"；C. understanding"理解"；D. comfort"舒适"。根据下文"What to do I smiled as I got the idea."以及作者的具体做法可知，作者理解Kim的遭遇并且打算做点事情。故选C。
30．句意：这是任何女孩都不应该独自经历的事情。A. sort out"整理"；B. come across"偶遇"；C. switch off"关闭"；D. go through"经历"。根据上文"her father was 7 ill"可知，这是任何女孩都不应该独自经历的事情。故选D。
31．我收回了放在她桌子上的那本书。句意：A. book"书"；B. sock"袜子"；C. clothing"衣物"；D. pencil"铅笔"。根据上文"I would lay one of my books on her 5 desk"可知，我把书放在她的桌子上。故选A。
32．句意：我全神贯注于我的工作，甚至没有注意到金已经从被子里出来了。A. absorbed"全神贯注的"；B. relieved"放松的"；C. overwhelmed"被压倒的"；D. deserted"被遗弃的"。根据下文"I didn't even notice Kim had come out from under the covers"可知，我全神贯注于我的工作。故选A。
33．句意：她看着我的一举一动，眼泪都干了，表情有些难以置信。A. disappointment"失望"；B. nervousness"紧张"；C. disbelief"不相信"；D. frustration"挫败"。根据语境可知，Kim当时有些难以置信。故选C。
34．句意：她的手伸过去抓住我的手时很温暖。A. knocked"敲击"；B. reached"伸出"；C. swept"打扫"；D. got"得到"。根据空后"grasp mine"可知，她伸出手来抓住我的手。故选B。
35．句意：我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了共同生活的关键：屈服、清理和坚持。A. aim"目的"；B. agreement"同意"；C. objection"反对"；D. key"关键，钥匙"。根据空后"to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on"可知，屈服、清理和坚持是共同生活的关键。the key to doing sth. 固定短语，"做某事的关键"，故选D。
四、第二部分 语言应用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The combination of music and study has long been 36． source of disagreement between adults and children. Parents and teachers alike maintain that 37． (silent) is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that 38． (they) favourite sounds help them concentrate.
Now a study shows that the 39． (grown-up) have been right all along. Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays 40． and without music in the background. They 41． (find) that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. "This demonstrates 42． (clear) that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time," said Dr. Sarah. She also came to the conclusion 43． it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. "All types of music had the same effect," she said in her report. "One's ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely 44． (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music." she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. "Writing an essay is a complex task. You 45． (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television."
【答案】36．a；37．silence；38．their；39．grown-ups；40．with；41．found；42．clearly；43．that；44．to be disturbed；45．are recalling
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习时听音乐或做其它事情是否会影响学习效果或降低学习效率。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，名词，代词，介词，时态，副词，同位语从句，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句意表达，a source of固定短语，"是......一个根源"。故填a。
37．句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处名词作宾语从句的主语，silence"沉默"，不可数。故填silence。
38．句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处修饰后面名词sounds，作前置定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
39．句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，故填grown-ups。
40．句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词without构成并列关系，表达"有和没有"，用介词with。故填with。
41．句意：他们发现这些声音使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slowed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，故填found。
42．句意：莎拉博士说："这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。"。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，故填clearly。
43．句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the conclusion的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。
44．句意：她补充道："一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。"。be likely to do固定短语，" 可能做某事"；由by both songs and instrumental music可知此处表达"被干扰"，应用不定式的被动式。 故填to be disturbed。
45．句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。此处是谓语动词，结合putting，可知应用现在进行时，表达"正在回忆"，故填are recalling。
五、第三部分 基础知识，第一节 用所给词汇的正确形式填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
46． Having an extra bathroom was at first a l (奢侈品), but after we had children it became a necessity.
【答案】luxury
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：一开始，拥有一个额外的浴室是一种奢侈，但在我们有了孩子之后，它就变成了一种必需品。根据汉语" 奢侈品 "提示和首字母可知，应用luxury，可数名词，由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填luxury。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
47． Nothing in life is more exciting and r (值得做的) than the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person; not only changed, but changed for the better.
【答案】rewarding
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：生活中没有什么比突然的顿悟更令人兴奋和有益的了，这会让你变成一个改变了的人；不仅改变了，而且变得更好了。根据所给首字母和汉语" 值得做的 "提示可知，rewarding"值得做的，受益的"，形容词作表语，故填rewarding。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
48． Just as we need learn to swim by practicing swimming, it's widely a (承认) that we master English by practicing it.
【答案】acknowledged
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：正如我们需要通过练习来学习游泳一样，人们普遍认为我们是通过练习来掌握英语的。根据汉语" 承认 "和首字母提示可知，应用acknowledge，是主句的谓语动词，此句it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主语和动词acknowledge之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态， it's widely acknowledged..."人们普遍认为……"，故填acknowledged。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态，以及固定句式 it's widely acknowledged...。
49． The robot is not meant to have great intelligence, but it is meant to have s (充足的) intelligence to do boring, repetitive, or dangerous tasks that humans would prefer not to do.
【答案】sufficient
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：机器人并不意味着有很高的智能，但它意味着有足够的智能来完成人类不愿意做的无聊、重复或危险的任务。根据汉语" 充足的 "和首字母提示可知，应用sufficient，此处形容词作定语修饰名词intelligence，故填sufficient。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
50． Our defeat was expected but it is disappointing n (尽管如此).
【答案】nevertheless
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们的失败是预料之中的，尽管如此，仍然令人失望。根据首字母和汉语" 尽管如此"提示可知，应用nevertheless，此处副词作状语，故填nevertheless。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰整个句子。
51． Customer service representatives are trained to handle e (遭遇) with angry customers.
【答案】encounters
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：客户服务代表接受过处理愤怒客户的培训。根据汉语 "遭遇" 和首字母提示可知，应用名词encounter，此处名词作宾语，泛指，应用复数形式。故填encounters。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
52． The ones who had been l (贴标签) gifted as children had lower psychological well-being and felt like their lives had disappointed everyone's expectations.
【答案】labeled / labelled
【知识点】动词的语态；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：那些在儿童时期被贴上天才标签的人的心理健康水平较低，感觉他们的生活辜负了所有人的期望。根据首字母和中文" 贴标签 "提示可知，应用label，作定语从句的谓语动词，先行词为The ones，在从句中作主语，label和主语之间是被动的关系，需用被动语态，且空前已有had been，故填labeled/labelled。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及过去完成时的被动语态。
53． The nonprofit organization provides accurate figures and a (分析), but opposes use of the death penalty.
【答案】analyses
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：该非营利组织提供准确的数据和分析，但反对使用死刑。根据句意，首字母和汉语" 分析 "提示应用名词analysis，此处作宾语，由前往的figures并结合句意可知，用复数analyses，故填analyses。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
54． The fitness app could take into account my lunch and the number of steps I've walked to t (定做) a workout for me.
【答案】tailor
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：这款健身应用可以根据我的午餐和步行步数来为我量身定制健身方案。根据单词首字母以及汉语" 定做 "提示可知，应用动词tailor，空前to是不定式符号，应用动词原形，不定式作目的状语，故填tailor。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
55． The company's c (承诺) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
【答案】commitment
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性的作用。根据首字母和汉语" 承诺 "提示，应用名词commitmen，此处作主语，结合助动词has，应用单数名词，故填commitment。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
56． It is generally believed that the new virus speeded the t (传输) of the disease.
【答案】transmission
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：人们普遍认为这种新病毒加速了这种疾病的传输。根据首字母和汉语" 传输 "提示可知，应用transmission，不可数名词，此处名词作宾语，故填transmission。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
57． The residents live separately but share big a (电器) such as washing machines and cars.
【答案】appliances
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：居民们分开居住，但共用洗衣机和汽车等大件电器。根据单词首字母以及汉语" 电器"提示可知，应用名词appliance，作宾语，根据后文washing machines and cars可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填appliances。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
58． If you're walking down the right path and you're willing to keep walking, e (最后) you'll make progress.
【答案】eventually
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你走的道路正确，也愿意坚持走下去，最终你会成功!根据首字母和汉语" 最后 "提示，以及后面是整个句子 you will make progress，可知此处要用副词eventually，作状语。故填eventually。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰整个句子。
59． There's no way through the centre of town in a v (车辆) —— it's for pedestrians only.
【答案】vehicle
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：汽车不能穿过镇中心，那里只供行人通行。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，vehicle车辆，可数名词，符合题意；由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填vehicle。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
60． The main reason for picking orange is that this hue is one of the most v (看得见的) for search and rescue, including sea rescue.
【答案】visible
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：选择橙色的主要原因是，这种色调是搜救(包括海上救援)中最显眼的色调之一。根据汉语" 看得见的 "提示和首字母可知，应用visible"看得见的"，形容词作表语，故填visible。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
六、第三部分 基础知识，第二节选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项
carry on; provide for; on the basis of; in this sense result in; live off; appeal to; come to power run out; keep in touch with; wear and tear; to some extent
61．Milk tea has become a popular drink, a lot of young people.
62．One can never deny the fact that we all suffer from such human weaknesses as idleness, moodiness, jealousy and vanity .
63． , evolution just means change, and no one can deny that these changes are happening.
64．Instead my father taught me what he knew: that being a man was about sacrifice and doing whatever you can to take care of and your family.
65．Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures to develop the nation's economy after .
66．It is dangerous to judge first impressions.
67．When you have difficulties in your life, remember to keep calm and , and you will succeed in the end.
68．Researchers find that diets high in fiber and low in refined grains, meat and sugars less weight gain.
69．Social media has made it much easier to old friends and acquaintances.
70．Though he is thirty, he is still his parents. He should become more self-reliant.
【答案】61．appealing to
62．to some extent
63．In this sense
64．provide for
65．coming to power
66．on the basis of
67．carry on
68．result in
69．keep in touch with
70．living off
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】carry on动词短语，"坚持下去"; provide for动词短语，"供养"; on the basis of介词短语，"根据"; in this sense介词短语，"从这个意义上说"； result in动词短语，"导致"; live off动词短语，"靠……生活"; appeal to动词短语，"吸引"; come to power 动词短语，"上台"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
61．句意：奶茶已经成为一种受欢迎的饮料，吸引了很多年轻人。根据"Milk tea has become a popular drink"以及句意"吸引"可知应填appeal to，与逻辑主语Milk tea构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填appealing to。
62．句意：人们永远不能否认这一事实：我们都在某种程度上遭受着懒惰、喜怒无常、嫉妒和虚荣等人性弱点的折磨。根据"we all suffer from such human weaknesses as idleness, moodiness, jealousy and vanity"以及句意"在某种程度上"可知应用to some extent，故填to some extent。
63．句意：从这个意义上说，进化只是意味着变化，没有人能否认这些变化正在发生。根据"evolution just means change, and no one can deny that these changes are happening."以及句意"从这个意义上说"可知应用in this sense，首字母大写。故填In this sense。
64．句意：相反，父亲教给我他所知道的：做一个男人就要做出牺牲，尽你所能照顾和供养你的家庭。根据"being a man was about sacrifice and doing whatever you can to take care of and"以及句意"供养"可知应用provide for，此处为不定式作目的状语。故填provide for。
65．句意：康熙皇帝上台后采取了一系列措施发展国家经济。根据"Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures"以及句意"上台"可知应填come to power，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填coming to power。
66．句意：根据第一印象来判断是危险的。根据"first impressions"以及句意"根据"可知应用on the basis of，故填on the basis of。
67．句意：当你在生活中遇到困难时，记得保持冷静，坚持下去，你最终会成功的。根据"and you will succeed in the end"以及句意"坚持下去"可知应用carry on，此处为不定式作宾语。故填carry on。
68．句意：研究人员发现，高纤维饮食和低精制谷物，肉类和糖的饮食导致体重增加较少。根据"less weight gain"以及句意"导致"可知应用result in，故填result in。
69．句意：社交媒体使得与老朋友和熟人保持联系变得更加容易。根据"old friends and acquaintances"以及句意"人保持联系"可知应用keep in touch with，此处为make it adj. to do sth.。故填keep in touch with。
70．句意：虽然他三十岁了，但仍靠父母生活。他应该变得更加自立。根据"He should become more self-reliant."以及句意"靠……生活"可知应用live off，根据上文he is可知为现在进行时。故填living off。
七、第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
71．在学校刚举办的科技创新设计大赛中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。请以"My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly"为题写一篇英语课堂前的一分钟汇报，内容包括：1．设计目的；2．功能介绍；3．你的期望。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
【答案】One possible version:
My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly
Good morning, everyone! Having participated in the Technological Innovation Design Competition, I am more than delighted to introduce my design to you.
Aimed at promoting life quality for the elderly, the intelligent robot for the elderly can perform various functions. Not only can it keep them company, but it is also able to provide timely feedback to children, thus ensuring the safety of the old people's life and relieving children's concern. In addition, equipped with supportive aids, this robot is qualified to deal with emergencies the elderly may encounter.
It is hoped that the elderly could be better taken care of with the help of my robots.
Thank you for listening!
My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly
Recently, in the technological innovation design competition held in our school, I earned the first prize for my design-an intelligent robot for the elderly.
Nowadays, adults are so busy that they can't spare enough time for the elderly. So, I designed this type of robot. It can not only accompany old people in chatting and doing exercise, but also cook delicious meals for them. Better still, when they have any accident, the robot can deal with emergencies accordingly.
With the help of my robot, I sincerely hope the elderly could be taken good care of.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 "My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly"为题写一篇英语课堂前的一分钟汇报 。写作背景：在学校刚举办的科技创新设计大赛中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1．设计目的；2．功能介绍；3．你的期望。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Having participated in the Technological Innovation Design Competition, I am more than delighted to introduce my design to you.运用了现在分词的完成式作状语；不定式作原因状语；Not only can it keep them company, but it is also able to provide timely feedback to children, thus ensuring the safety of the old people's life and relieving children's concern.运用了并列句，倒装句； In addition, equipped with supportive aids, this robot is qualified to deal with emergencies the elderly may encounter.运用了被动语态；It is hoped that the elderly could be better taken care of with the help of my robots.运用了it作形式主语，主语从句，被动语态；Nowadays, adults are so busy that they can't spare enough time for the elderly.运用了结果状语从句；Better still, when they have any accident, the robot can deal with emergencies accordingly.运用了时间状语从句；With the help of my robot, I sincerely hope the elderly could be taken good care of.运用了宾语从句。
广东省深圳市福田区2023-2024高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、第一部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
The Young Scholars Program
The University of Maryland's Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits, pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland. The program is challenging and meaningful. Students have the opportunity to show that they can be successful in a university environment.
The Activities
During three weeks of exploration, teens preview the university experience, study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment. Students can have trips to nearby Washington, D.C. and enjoy movie nights and activities at the student union. Workshops and seminars featuring speakers in academic fields further enrich the learning experience.
The Courses
The Young Scholars Program offers college courses that are at the cutting edge of theory, thought and technology. Classes generally meet every day from Monday to Friday. The program is a great introduction to the University of Maryland. Participants can benefit from the University of Maryland's vast resources, including libraries, computers and instructional labs.
The Rewards
Upon program completion, teens will go home with better preparations for the college experience — both academically and socially. In addition, students earn three college credits that post to the University of Maryland transcript (成绩单).
The Application
The application process includes submission of the application, high school transcript and a letter of recommendation.
Ages: 14-18
Mailing address: The University of Maryland College Park
For more information, call 3014057762.
1．Which is NOT true about the program according to paragraph 1
A．It is intended for college students.
B．It can offer college credits for teens.
C．It's worth participating.
D．It can let teens experience college life in advance.
2．What can teens do during three weeks of the program
A．They can learn from the best students of the University of Maryland
B．They can join the student union of the University of Maryland.
C．They can attend a meeting for academic discussion.
D．They can attend classes every day.
3． If you want to apply for the program, you need ____.
A．preview the university environment ahead of time
B．take a part time job in the university's library
C．submit high school transcript
D．call 3014057762 to contact the university first.
阅读理解
A British woman, Dr. Mantri, growing up in India started to notice his son, Dhruv, was struggling with simple arithmetic when he was in fifth-grade. After noticing this, she started employing an abacus（算盘）to help her son visually comprehend mathematics.
"I would ask him something like 35 minus 13 and he couldn't do it." said Dhruv's mom Dr. Mantri. "I decided to change the way he looked at numbers," she said. "An abacus is a tried and tested method, and the Egyptians used them for building the pyramid." In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus and would go on to become a whizz kid with numbers, with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help.
She never thought she would teach her son using an abacus, which she used as a child in India and it was always helpful. Within six days she started to notice a difference and see results. So dramatic was the turn around that school staff asked him to perform with the abacus at an assembly, where some parents even came to ask for advice on using it for their kids.
IT specialist Dr. Mantri said the humble abacus can be used for calculations into the trillions and kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game. "It becomes a playing tool for younger children, for it feels like a game. I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and visualize them." She added.
By the age of 12, Dhruv was giving online cyber security seminars and is now pursuing a career in data science and analytics. Dhruv has now landed an apprenticeship（实习）at an international firm. During the four-year apprenticeship, he will spend one day a week studying Data Science and Artificial Intelligence at Glasgow Caledonian University. "He is so confident now and I am so proud," she said, with Dhruv adding "I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time."
4．Why did Dhruv have difficulty in learning mathematics
A．He was faced with language barrier.
B．He didn't find a proper way.
C．He suffered from eyesight problems.
D．He lacked academic support from the family.
5．What does the underlined word "whizz" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Careful. B．Diligent. C．Outstanding. D．Struggling.
6．Why do kids like learning on abacus according to the text
A．They find it appealing. B．They can calculate faster.
C．They enjoy playing games. D．They are eager for success.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Dhruv was addicted to the Internet at 12.
B．Dhruv is teaching data science and analytics now.
C．Dhruv is a full-time student at Glasgow Caledonian University,
D．Dhruv's career choice was beyond his teacher's expectation.
阅读理解
In May 2012, Australia's Macquarie Dictionary and the McCann Advertising Agency gathered a group of language experts to name a phenomenon common in the age of the smartphone. They called the phenomenon "phubbing", and defined it as "the act of snubbing (无视) someone in a social setting by looking at your phone instead of paying attention." It's not the usual way words begin to exist.
A month later, the first example of phubbing in a major newspaper appeared in a letter to the editor of The Age, published in Melbourne. Since then, the word has appeared in various media the world over. Phubbing has yet to be fully adopted in the U. S., but we have collected some evidence of it in use.
On 29 September 2015, James A. Roberts wrote in the Huffinington Post, "In the present case, phubbing is a combination of the words phone and snubbing. To be phubbed is to be snubbed by someone using their cell phone while in your company. The ‘phubb' could be an interruption of your conversation with someone when he or she uses their cell phone or is distracted by it (steal glances when they think you're not looking) instead of paying attention to you. Maybe worse, you've been phubbed if someone used their cell phone instead of communicating with you while staying close to you. Oh, the shame."
The meaning and various forms of the word have yet to settle out. Is it phubbing if you're staring at your tablet instead of your phone Is the singular noun (and the base form of the verb) spelled phubb, as in the example above, or phub, as in some other sources These are the sorts of questions we'll need answers to before we're ready to consider phubbing and its relations for entry. In the meanwhile, you can of course use phubbing if you feel the need. It seems we all do these days.
8．What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about phubbing
A．Its usage. B．Its birth.
C．Its influence. D．Its definition.
9．What may phubbing probably lead to according to James A. Roberts
A．Obvious embarrassment in life.
B．Heavy reliance on cellphones.
C．Complete ignorance by your friends.
D．Permanent breakup of relationship.
10．What can we learn from the last paragraph about the word phubb
A．It arouses heated arguments. B．It proves to be settled.
C．It's not included in a dictionary. D．It's not difficult to understand.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Where Phubbing Leads Us
B．Why Phubbing Ruins Our Life
C．What Makes Phubbing Commonly Seen
D．How Phone Snubbing Becomes Phubbing
阅读理解
What makes people so special Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as uniquely human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well.
Among the invertebrates(无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness.
Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families — grandmother, mother, and daughter — all feeding in this highly specialized way.
Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.
12．The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they ____.
A．are not easy to fool
B．prefer fruit to vegetables
C．have a special taste for food
D．have an awareness of equality
13．What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins
A．Social interaction. B．Intelligence.
C．Tool using ability. D．Fun-loving spirits.
14．What makes dolphin culture special
A．They tend to hunt in groups.
B．Their hunting skills are passed down.
C．Their learning environment is favourable.
D．Their families are typically female-controlled.
15．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.
B．Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human baby.
C．Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species.
D．Dolphins' ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill.
二、第一部分 阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In 2013, digital media consultant Baratunde Thurston launched an experiment. He decided to disconnect from his online life for twenty-five days: no Facebook, no Twitter, not even e-mail. He needed the break. 16．
It didn't take him long to adjust to a disconnected life. By the end of that first week, he was less stressed about not knowing new things. 17． He enjoyed food without Twittering the experience. But the end came too soon. After the twenty-five days. he had to restore his online presence.
His experiment summarizes two important points about our relationship with social networks like Facebook and Twitter. The first point is that we increasingly recognize that these tools fragment (碎裂) our time and reduce our ability to concentrate. 18． But the problem is especially serious if you're attempting to improve your ability to work deeply.
To fight back against these distractions, Thurston felt his only option was to quit the Internet altogether. But the problem is that no one is meant to actually follow Thurston's lead. 19． That is to accept our current distracted state as unavoidable. This brings me to the second point summarized by Thurston's story: it didn't take him long once the experiment ended to slide back into the fragmented state where he began.
This rule proposes a third option: accepting that these tools might be vital to your success and happiness, but meanwhile accepting that most people should be using fewer such tools. I won't ask you, in other words, to quit the Internet altogether like Thurston did. 20． There is a middle ground, and if you're to develop a deep work habit, you must fight to get there.
A. He struck up conversations with strangers.
B. It is a real problem for many different people.
C. "I was burnt out, fried, and done," he explained.
D. This reality accounts for the remaining alternative.
E. He had to return to the online world with books to market.
F. But I'll ask you to reject the state of highly distracted connectedness.
G. Fortunately, you will break the habit of surfing the Internet gradually.
三、第二部分 语言应用，第一节完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was never very neat. Yet, when I arrived at college, my roommate didn't seem to appreciate my 21． . I am not sure why they 22． us together. Kim was extremely organized. She 23． everything and each item she owned had its place. We were always having a hard time with each other. She would be mad at my dirty clothes and I would 24． washing powder headaches. She would push my clothing over to one side and I would lay one of my books on her 25． desk.
However, it all came to an end one late evening and I didn't even know why we had both returned to each other's 26． . When the phone rang, she picked it up and I could tell from her end of the conversation that her father was 27． ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled under her covers and I could hear her quiet 28． . Though I didn't mean for it to happen, 1 could feel the warm feelings of 29． rising up in my heart. It was something no girl should 30． alone. What to do I smiled as I got the idea.
Slowly, 1 began to clear up my side of the room. I took back the 31． I had set on her desk. I got so 32． in my work that I didn't even notice Kim had come out from under the covers. She was watching my every move, her tears dried and her expression one of 33． . When I was finally done, I went and sat at the end of her bed. Her hand was warm as it 34． over to grasp mine. I looked up into Kim's eyes and she smiled at me.
Kim and I stayed roommates for the rest of that year. We didn't always see eye to eye, but we learned the 35． to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.
21．A． untidiness B． dignity C． privilege D． capability
22．A． persuaded B． stuck C． limited D． recorded
23．A． recognized B． acquired C． simplified D． labeled
24．A． puzzle about B． inquire about
C． complain about D． joke about
25．A． newly-furnished B． neatly-arranged
C． fully-occupied D． well-designed
26．A． annoyance B． company
C． responsibility D． absence
27．A． deadly B． slightly C． moderately D． gradually
28．A． breathing B． murmuring C． warning D． sobbing
29．A． forgiveness B, anxiety B． understanding
C． comfort
30．A． sort out B． come across
C． switch off D． go through
31．A． book B． sock C． clothing D． pencil
32．A． absorbed B． relieved C． overwhelmed D． deserted
33．A． disappointment B． nervousness
C． disbelief D． frustration
34．A． knocked B． reached C． swept D． got
35．A． aim B． agreement C． objection D． key
四、第二部分 语言应用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The combination of music and study has long been 36． source of disagreement between adults and children. Parents and teachers alike maintain that 37． (silent) is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that 38． (they) favourite sounds help them concentrate.
Now a study shows that the 39． (grown-up) have been right all along. Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays 40． and without music in the background. They 41． (find) that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. "This demonstrates 42． (clear) that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time," said Dr. Sarah. She also came to the conclusion 43． it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. "All types of music had the same effect," she said in her report. "One's ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely 44． (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music." she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. "Writing an essay is a complex task. You 45． (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television."
五、第三部分 基础知识，第一节 用所给词汇的正确形式填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
46． Having an extra bathroom was at first a l (奢侈品), but after we had children it became a necessity.
47． Nothing in life is more exciting and r (值得做的) than the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person; not only changed, but changed for the better.
48． Just as we need learn to swim by practicing swimming, it's widely a (承认) that we master English by practicing it.
49． The robot is not meant to have great intelligence, but it is meant to have s (充足的) intelligence to do boring, repetitive, or dangerous tasks that humans would prefer not to do.
50． Our defeat was expected but it is disappointing n (尽管如此).
51． Customer service representatives are trained to handle e (遭遇) with angry customers.
52． The ones who had been l (贴标签) gifted as children had lower psychological well-being and felt like their lives had disappointed everyone's expectations.
53． The nonprofit organization provides accurate figures and a (分析), but opposes use of the death penalty.
54． The fitness app could take into account my lunch and the number of steps I've walked to t (定做) a workout for me.
55． The company's c (承诺) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
56． It is generally believed that the new virus speeded the t (传输) of the disease.
57． The residents live separately but share big a (电器) such as washing machines and cars.
58． If you're walking down the right path and you're willing to keep walking, e (最后) you'll make progress.
59． There's no way through the centre of town in a v (车辆) —— it's for pedestrians only.
60． The main reason for picking orange is that this hue is one of the most v (看得见的) for search and rescue, including sea rescue.
六、第三部分 基础知识，第二节选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项
carry on; provide for; on the basis of; in this sense result in; live off; appeal to; come to power run out; keep in touch with; wear and tear; to some extent
61．Milk tea has become a popular drink, a lot of young people.
62．One can never deny the fact that we all suffer from such human weaknesses as idleness, moodiness, jealousy and vanity .
63． , evolution just means change, and no one can deny that these changes are happening.
64．Instead my father taught me what he knew: that being a man was about sacrifice and doing whatever you can to take care of and your family.
65．Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures to develop the nation's economy after .
66．It is dangerous to judge first impressions.
67．When you have difficulties in your life, remember to keep calm and , and you will succeed in the end.
68．Researchers find that diets high in fiber and low in refined grains, meat and sugars less weight gain.
69．Social media has made it much easier to old friends and acquaintances.
70．Though he is thirty, he is still his parents. He should become more self-reliant.
七、第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
71．在学校刚举办的科技创新设计大赛中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。请以"My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly"为题写一篇英语课堂前的一分钟汇报，内容包括：1．设计目的；2．功能介绍；3．你的期望。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了马里兰大学的青年学者计划的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The University of Maryland's Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits, pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland."马里兰大学的青年学者计划是一个完美的夏令营，适合那些想在马里兰大学获得大学学分、追求学术兴趣或探索大学生活的有学术天赋的青少年。可知，该计划针对的是想在马里兰大学学习的青少年，而不是大学生，所以A项错误。故选A。
2．考查推理判断。根据The Activities部分中的"During three weeks of exploration, teens preview the university experience, study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment."在为期三周的探索中，青少年们在充满活力和挑战的课堂环境中预览大学经历，与有相似兴趣的学生一起学习，并与马里兰大学最好的老师交流。可知，青少年们可以与老师进行交流，并与有相似兴趣的学生一起学习，可推知，青少年们可以参加有关学术讨论的会议。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据The Application部分中的"The application process includes submission (提交) of the application, high school transcript and a letter of recommendation."申请程序包括提交申请、高中成绩单和推荐信。可知，要申请该项目需要提交申请、高中成绩单和推荐信。故选C。
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．A
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位英国女性Mantri用算盘帮助不擅长数学的儿子取得进步的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"After noticing this, she started employing an abacus (算盘) to help her son visually comprehend mathematics."注意到这一点后，她开始用算盘来帮助儿子直观地理解数学；以及第二段中的"In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus and would go on to become a whizz kid with numbers"在短短6天里，他开始在算盘方面取得进步，并成为了数字方面的能手。可知，Dhruv五年级时在算术方面很吃力，他的妈妈用算盘来帮助他直观地理解数学，他取得了很大进步，因此一开始Dhruv在学习算术方面有困难是因为他没有找到合适的方法。故选B。
5．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus"在短短6天里，他开始在算盘方面取得进步；以及"with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help"甚至他同学的父母都向他求助。可知，此处指Dhruv在使用算盘后成为了数字方面的能手，whizz意为"优秀的，出色的"。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"IT specialist Dr. Mantri said the humble abacus can be used for calculations into the trillions and kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game. ‘It becomes a playing tool for younger children, for it feels like a game. I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and visualize them.' She added."IT专家Mantri博士说，简单的算盘可以用来计算万亿，孩子们喜欢学习它，因为它就像一个游戏。‘对于年幼的孩子来说，它变成了一个游戏工具，因为它感觉像一个游戏。我认为成功的原因在于孩子们可以触摸和感觉算盘，并将其形象化。'她补充道。可知，孩子喜欢用算盘学习是因为它就像一个游戏，对孩子来说有吸引力。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time."我认为我的老师当时不会想到我会从事数据科学的职业。可知，Dhruv的职业选择超出了老师的预期。故选D。
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了phubbing这个新词的诞生。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查段落大意。根据第一段"In May 2012, Australia's Macquarie Dictionary and the McCann Advertising Agency gathered a group of language experts to name a phenomenon common in the age of the smartphone. They called the phenomenon ‘phubbing', and defined it as ‘the act of snubbing(无视)someone in a social setting by looking at your phone instead of paying attention.' It's not the usual way words begin to exist."2012年5月，澳大利亚麦格理词典和麦肯广告公司召集了一组语言专家，为智能手机时代常见的一种现象命名。他们称这种现象为"phubbing"，并将其定义为"在社交场合看手机而不注意的怠慢行为"。这不是文字存在的常见方式。可知，这一段主要讲述如何产生了"phubbing"这个词，以及它的意思，所以是讲这个词的诞生。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"To be phubbed is to be snubbed by someone using their cell phone while in your company. The ‘phubb' could be an interruption of your conversation with someone when he or she uses their cell phone or is distracted by it (steal glances when they think you're not looking) instead of paying attention to you. Maybe worse, you've been phubbed if someone used their cell phone instead of communicating with you while staying close to you. Oh, the shame.""被"phubbed"是指在陪同你的时候，那些人一直在用他们的手机，而你被人冷落。"phubb"可能是当某人使用他或她的手机或被手机分心(在他们认为你没有注意的时候偷看他们)而不是注意你时，打断你们的谈话。也许更糟糕的是，如果有人在靠近你的时候使用手机而不和你交流，你一直被冷落。哦，真丢人。可知，"phubbing"可能会导致你被玩手机的朋友们忽视而感到丢人。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"These are the sorts of questions we'll need answers to before we're ready to consider phubbing and its relations for entry."在我们准备考虑phubbing和它的相关为词条之前，我们需要回答这些问题。可知，这个词成为词条之前还有许多问题要处理，因此推断的这个词还没有被收录入字典。故选C。
11．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"In May 2012, Australia's Macquarie Dictionary and the McCann Advertising Agency gathered a group of language experts to name a phenomenon common in the age of the smartphone. They called the phenomenon ‘phubbing', and defined it as ‘the act of snubbing (无视) someone in a social setting by looking at your phone instead of paying attention.' It's not the usual way words begin to exist."2012年5月，澳大利亚麦格理词典和麦肯广告公司召集了一组语言专家，为智能手机时代常见的一种现象命名。他们称这种现象为"phubbing"，并将其定义为"在社交场合看手机而不注意的怠慢行为"。这不是文字存在的常见方式；以及最后一段中的"The meaning and various forms of the word have yet to settle out."这个词的意思和各种形式还没有确定。可知，整篇文章都是围绕phubbing这个词来讨论的，从它的诞生，适用范围，到还没有确定的意思和各种形式。"Phone Snubbing是如何变成Phubbing的？"适合做文章的标题，故选D。
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了是什么让人类如此特别 工具使用、自我意识、语言和文化都排在前列，但事实上，所有这些特征都可以在动物王国的其他地方找到，并以海豚为例，说明了海豚文化和海豚的心智技能。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes."人类和猿类是近亲，所以黑猩猩会使用工具或者大猩猩有公平竞争的意识也就不足为奇了，当它们看到自己的邻居拿葡萄时，它们甚至会拒绝胡萝卜(它们通常会接受)。可知大猩猩拒绝胡萝卜的例子表明它们有平等意识。故选D。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Among the invertebrates(无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness."在无脊椎动物中，章鱼以它们的智力而闻名，甚至显示出顽皮、使用工具和个性的证据。 但这些熟练的捕食者独自生活，因此缺乏文化。 另一方面，海豚是脑容量大、寿命长、以社会群体为基础的掠食者，正是在这里，我们发现了它们与类人文化和意识的最大相似之处。可知和海豚相比，章鱼缺少社会互动。故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families- grandmother, mother, and daughter - all feeding in this highly specialized way."从这个意义上说，许多动物都有文化，但让海豚与众不同的是它们传承的文化。 一些宽吻海豚嘴里衔着海绵，它们用海绵作为工具来清扫躲藏在海底的鱼类。 这种能力代代相传(尤其是雌性)，一些家庭——祖母、母亲和女儿——都以这种高度专门化的方式喂养 。可知让海豚文化如此特别的是它们的狩猎技巧代代相传。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark."海豚不仅能认出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一个黑色的标记，它会花额外的时间在镜子前看这个标记。可推知海豚识别自己倒影的能力是一种更高阶的心智技能。 故选D。
【答案】16．C；17．A；18．B；19．D；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了数字媒体顾问Baratunde Thurston25天不上网的实验，这个实验总结出社交媒体分散我们的时间且使我们集中注意力的能力下降，作者最后建议适度使用媒体社交工具。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"He decided to disconnect from his online life for twenty-five days: no Facebook, no Twitter, not even e-mail. He needed the break."他决定在接下来的25天里远离网络生活：没有Facebook，没有Twitter，甚至连电子邮件都没有。他需要休息。可知，Baratunde Thurston过没有网络的生活是为了休息，C. "I was burnt out, fried, and done," he explained."‘我累坏了。'他解释道。"解释上文需要休息的原因，符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空前"By the end of that first week, he was less stressed about not knowing new things."到第一周结束时，他对不了解新事物的压力减轻了；以及空后"He enjoyed food without Twittering the experience."他享受美食，但没有在Twitter上分享自己的经历。可知，此处是描述他没有网络后的生活，A. He struck up conversations with strangers."他和陌生人攀谈起来。"符合语境。故选A。
18．根据空前"these tools fragment (碎裂) our time and reduce our ability to concentrate"这些工具分散了我们的时间，降低了我们集中精力的能力。指出社交网络分散我们的时间、降低我们集中精力能力的"问题"；以及空后"But the problem is especially serious if you're attempting to improve your ability to work deeply."但如果你试图提高深入工作的能力，这个问题就特别严重了。 B. It is a real problem for many different people. "这对许多不同的人来说都是一个真正的问题。"符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空前"To fight back against these distractions, Thurston felt his only option was to quit the Internet altogether. But the problem is that no one is meant to actually follow Thurston's lead."为了反击这些干扰，Thurston觉得他唯一的选择就是完全退出互联网。但问题是，没有人真的会跟随Thurston的脚步。指出没有人能像Thurston那样完全离开网络；以及空前"That is to accept our current distracted state as unavoidable."那就是接受我们当前分心的状态是不可避免的。指出人们只能回归社交网络世界，D. This reality accounts for the remaining alternative."这一现实解释了剩下的选择。"承上启下，讲明了下文的原因。故选D。
20．根据空前"I won't ask you, in other words, to quit the Internet altogether like Thurston did."换句话说，我不会要求你，像Thurston那样，完全退出互联网；以及空后"There is a middle ground"有一个中间地带)"可知，作者不要求完全退出网络，但是建议不能过度使用网络，要找到中间地带，F. But I'll ask you to reject the state of highly distracted connectedness."但我要你拒绝使你高度分心的连网状态"符合语境，是一个使用互联网的中间地带。故选F。
【答案】21．A；22．B；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．B；27．A；28．D；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．A；33．C；34．B；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者不爱整洁，不爱收拾，但她遇到一个非常爱干净的大学室友，两个人不同的生活习惯导致了矛盾。在室友遭遇悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情之心，从而达成和好。作者从中懂得一个道理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理好室友关系的关键。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：然而，当我进入大学时，我的室友似乎并不喜欢我的邋遢。A. untidiness"不整洁"；B. dignity"尊严"；C. privilege"荣幸，特权"；D. capability"能力"。根据上文"I was never very neat. "我从来都不是很整洁。可知，我的室友不喜欢我的邋遢。故选A。
22．句意：我不知道他们为什么把我们粘在一起。A. persuaded"劝说"；B. stuck"粘住"；C. limited"限制"；D. recorded"记录"。根据上文"I was never very neat. "以及空后"Kim was extremely organized."可知，作者不明白性格迥异的两人为什么会成为好朋友。stick together固定短语，"把……粘在一起"。故选B。
23．句意：她给所有东西贴上标签，每一件她拥有的东西都有自己的位置。A. recognized"认出"；B. acquired"获得"；C. simplified"简化"；D. labeled"贴标签于"。根据上文"Kim was extremely organized. "Kim非常有条理。可知，Kim爱整洁，所以会给所有东西贴上标签。故选D。
24．句意：她会对我的脏衣服很生气，我也会抱怨洗衣粉头疼。A. puzzle about"困惑于"；B. inquire about"询问"；C. complain about"抱怨"；D. joke about"开玩笑"。根据上文"I was never very neat."我从来都不是很整洁；以及空前"She would be mad at my dirty clothes"可知，我不爱干净，所以会抱怨洗衣粉。故选C。
25．句意：她会把我的衣服推到一边，我会把一本书放在她整理整齐的桌子上。A. newly-furnished"新装修的"；B. neatly-arranged"整齐排列的"；C. fully-occupied"完全占用的"；D. well-designed"设计得好的"。根据上文"Kim was extremely organized. She 3 everything and each item she owned had its place."可知，我会把一本书放在Kim整理整齐的桌子上。故选B。
26．句意：然而，这一切在一个深夜结束了，我甚至不知道为什么我们都回到了对方的陪伴。A. annoyance"恼怒"；B. company"陪伴"；C. responsibility"责任"；D. absence"缺席"。根据下文"Kim and I stayed roommates for the rest of that year."可知，作者和室友在那一天晚上和好了，回到了对方的陪伴。故选B。
27．句意：当电话铃响时，她拿起了电话，从她谈话的最后，我可以看出她父亲病了。A. deadly"及其；非常"；B. slightly"稍微"；C. moderately"适度地"；D. gradually"逐渐地"。根据下文室友的悲伤的反应以及"It was something no girl should 10 alone."可知，她父亲病得很重。故选A。
28．句意：当她挂断电话时，她迅速爬到被子下面，我可以听到她安静的哭泣。A. breathing"呼吸"；B. murmuring"低声说"；C. warning"警告"；D. sobbing"哭"。根据下文"her tears dried and her expression one of 13 "可知，室友在得知父亲生病后哭了。故选D。
29．句意：虽然我不是故意要发生这种事，但我能感觉到理解的温暖情绪在我心中升起。A. forgiveness "原谅"；B. anxiety"焦虑"；C. understanding"理解"；D. comfort"舒适"。根据下文"What to do I smiled as I got the idea."以及作者的具体做法可知，作者理解Kim的遭遇并且打算做点事情。故选C。
30．句意：这是任何女孩都不应该独自经历的事情。A. sort out"整理"；B. come across"偶遇"；C. switch off"关闭"；D. go through"经历"。根据上文"her father was 7 ill"可知，这是任何女孩都不应该独自经历的事情。故选D。
31．我收回了放在她桌子上的那本书。句意：A. book"书"；B. sock"袜子"；C. clothing"衣物"；D. pencil"铅笔"。根据上文"I would lay one of my books on her 5 desk"可知，我把书放在她的桌子上。故选A。
32．句意：我全神贯注于我的工作，甚至没有注意到金已经从被子里出来了。A. absorbed"全神贯注的"；B. relieved"放松的"；C. overwhelmed"被压倒的"；D. deserted"被遗弃的"。根据下文"I didn't even notice Kim had come out from under the covers"可知，我全神贯注于我的工作。故选A。
33．句意：她看着我的一举一动，眼泪都干了，表情有些难以置信。A. disappointment"失望"；B. nervousness"紧张"；C. disbelief"不相信"；D. frustration"挫败"。根据语境可知，Kim当时有些难以置信。故选C。
34．句意：她的手伸过去抓住我的手时很温暖。A. knocked"敲击"；B. reached"伸出"；C. swept"打扫"；D. got"得到"。根据空后"grasp mine"可知，她伸出手来抓住我的手。故选B。
35．句意：我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了共同生活的关键：屈服、清理和坚持。A. aim"目的"；B. agreement"同意"；C. objection"反对"；D. key"关键，钥匙"。根据空后"to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on"可知，屈服、清理和坚持是共同生活的关键。the key to doing sth. 固定短语，"做某事的关键"，故选D。
【答案】36．a；37．silence；38．their；39．grown-ups；40．with；41．found；42．clearly；43．that；44．to be disturbed；45．are recalling
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习时听音乐或做其它事情是否会影响学习效果或降低学习效率。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，名词，代词，介词，时态，副词，同位语从句，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句意表达，a source of固定短语，"是......一个根源"。故填a。
37．句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处名词作宾语从句的主语，silence"沉默"，不可数。故填silence。
38．句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处修饰后面名词sounds，作前置定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
39．句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，故填grown-ups。
40．句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词without构成并列关系，表达"有和没有"，用介词with。故填with。
41．句意：他们发现这些声音使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slowed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，故填found。
42．句意：莎拉博士说："这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。"。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，故填clearly。
43．句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the conclusion的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。
44．句意：她补充道："一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。"。be likely to do固定短语，" 可能做某事"；由by both songs and instrumental music可知此处表达"被干扰"，应用不定式的被动式。 故填to be disturbed。
45．句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。此处是谓语动词，结合putting，可知应用现在进行时，表达"正在回忆"，故填are recalling。
46．【答案】luxury
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：一开始，拥有一个额外的浴室是一种奢侈，但在我们有了孩子之后，它就变成了一种必需品。根据汉语" 奢侈品 "提示和首字母可知，应用luxury，可数名词，由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填luxury。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
47．【答案】rewarding
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：生活中没有什么比突然的顿悟更令人兴奋和有益的了，这会让你变成一个改变了的人；不仅改变了，而且变得更好了。根据所给首字母和汉语" 值得做的 "提示可知，rewarding"值得做的，受益的"，形容词作表语，故填rewarding。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
48．【答案】acknowledged
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：正如我们需要通过练习来学习游泳一样，人们普遍认为我们是通过练习来掌握英语的。根据汉语" 承认 "和首字母提示可知，应用acknowledge，是主句的谓语动词，此句it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主语和动词acknowledge之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态， it's widely acknowledged..."人们普遍认为……"，故填acknowledged。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态，以及固定句式 it's widely acknowledged...。
49．【答案】sufficient
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：机器人并不意味着有很高的智能，但它意味着有足够的智能来完成人类不愿意做的无聊、重复或危险的任务。根据汉语" 充足的 "和首字母提示可知，应用sufficient，此处形容词作定语修饰名词intelligence，故填sufficient。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
50．【答案】nevertheless
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们的失败是预料之中的，尽管如此，仍然令人失望。根据首字母和汉语" 尽管如此"提示可知，应用nevertheless，此处副词作状语，故填nevertheless。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰整个句子。
51．【答案】encounters
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：客户服务代表接受过处理愤怒客户的培训。根据汉语 "遭遇" 和首字母提示可知，应用名词encounter，此处名词作宾语，泛指，应用复数形式。故填encounters。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
52．【答案】labeled / labelled
【知识点】动词的语态；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：那些在儿童时期被贴上天才标签的人的心理健康水平较低，感觉他们的生活辜负了所有人的期望。根据首字母和中文" 贴标签 "提示可知，应用label，作定语从句的谓语动词，先行词为The ones，在从句中作主语，label和主语之间是被动的关系，需用被动语态，且空前已有had been，故填labeled/labelled。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及过去完成时的被动语态。
53．【答案】analyses
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：该非营利组织提供准确的数据和分析，但反对使用死刑。根据句意，首字母和汉语" 分析 "提示应用名词analysis，此处作宾语，由前往的figures并结合句意可知，用复数analyses，故填analyses。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
54．【答案】tailor
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：这款健身应用可以根据我的午餐和步行步数来为我量身定制健身方案。根据单词首字母以及汉语" 定做 "提示可知，应用动词tailor，空前to是不定式符号，应用动词原形，不定式作目的状语，故填tailor。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
55．【答案】commitment
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性的作用。根据首字母和汉语" 承诺 "提示，应用名词commitmen，此处作主语，结合助动词has，应用单数名词，故填commitment。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
56．【答案】transmission
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：人们普遍认为这种新病毒加速了这种疾病的传输。根据首字母和汉语" 传输 "提示可知，应用transmission，不可数名词，此处名词作宾语，故填transmission。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
57．【答案】appliances
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：居民们分开居住，但共用洗衣机和汽车等大件电器。根据单词首字母以及汉语" 电器"提示可知，应用名词appliance，作宾语，根据后文washing machines and cars可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填appliances。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
58．【答案】eventually
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你走的道路正确，也愿意坚持走下去，最终你会成功!根据首字母和汉语" 最后 "提示，以及后面是整个句子 you will make progress，可知此处要用副词eventually，作状语。故填eventually。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰整个句子。
59．【答案】vehicle
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：汽车不能穿过镇中心，那里只供行人通行。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，vehicle车辆，可数名词，符合题意；由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填vehicle。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
60．【答案】visible
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：选择橙色的主要原因是，这种色调是搜救(包括海上救援)中最显眼的色调之一。根据汉语" 看得见的 "提示和首字母可知，应用visible"看得见的"，形容词作表语，故填visible。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
【答案】61．appealing to
62．to some extent
63．In this sense
64．provide for
65．coming to power
66．on the basis of
67．carry on
68．result in
69．keep in touch with
70．living off
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】carry on动词短语，"坚持下去"; provide for动词短语，"供养"; on the basis of介词短语，"根据"; in this sense介词短语，"从这个意义上说"； result in动词短语，"导致"; live off动词短语，"靠……生活"; appeal to动词短语，"吸引"; come to power 动词短语，"上台"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
61．句意：奶茶已经成为一种受欢迎的饮料，吸引了很多年轻人。根据"Milk tea has become a popular drink"以及句意"吸引"可知应填appeal to，与逻辑主语Milk tea构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填appealing to。
62．句意：人们永远不能否认这一事实：我们都在某种程度上遭受着懒惰、喜怒无常、嫉妒和虚荣等人性弱点的折磨。根据"we all suffer from such human weaknesses as idleness, moodiness, jealousy and vanity"以及句意"在某种程度上"可知应用to some extent，故填to some extent。
63．句意：从这个意义上说，进化只是意味着变化，没有人能否认这些变化正在发生。根据"evolution just means change, and no one can deny that these changes are happening."以及句意"从这个意义上说"可知应用in this sense，首字母大写。故填In this sense。
64．句意：相反，父亲教给我他所知道的：做一个男人就要做出牺牲，尽你所能照顾和供养你的家庭。根据"being a man was about sacrifice and doing whatever you can to take care of and"以及句意"供养"可知应用provide for，此处为不定式作目的状语。故填provide for。
65．句意：康熙皇帝上台后采取了一系列措施发展国家经济。根据"Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures"以及句意"上台"可知应填come to power，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填coming to power。
66．句意：根据第一印象来判断是危险的。根据"first impressions"以及句意"根据"可知应用on the basis of，故填on the basis of。
67．句意：当你在生活中遇到困难时，记得保持冷静，坚持下去，你最终会成功的。根据"and you will succeed in the end"以及句意"坚持下去"可知应用carry on，此处为不定式作宾语。故填carry on。
68．句意：研究人员发现，高纤维饮食和低精制谷物，肉类和糖的饮食导致体重增加较少。根据"less weight gain"以及句意"导致"可知应用result in，故填result in。
69．句意：社交媒体使得与老朋友和熟人保持联系变得更加容易。根据"old friends and acquaintances"以及句意"人保持联系"可知应用keep in touch with，此处为make it adj. to do sth.。故填keep in touch with。
70．句意：虽然他三十岁了，但仍靠父母生活。他应该变得更加自立。根据"He should become more self-reliant."以及句意"靠……生活"可知应用live off，根据上文he is可知为现在进行时。故填living off。
71．【答案】One possible version:
My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly
Good morning, everyone! Having participated in the Technological Innovation Design Competition, I am more than delighted to introduce my design to you.
Aimed at promoting life quality for the elderly, the intelligent robot for the elderly can perform various functions. Not only can it keep them company, but it is also able to provide timely feedback to children, thus ensuring the safety of the old people's life and relieving children's concern. In addition, equipped with supportive aids, this robot is qualified to deal with emergencies the elderly may encounter.
It is hoped that the elderly could be better taken care of with the help of my robots.
Thank you for listening!
My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly
Recently, in the technological innovation design competition held in our school, I earned the first prize for my design-an intelligent robot for the elderly.
Nowadays, adults are so busy that they can't spare enough time for the elderly. So, I designed this type of robot. It can not only accompany old people in chatting and doing exercise, but also cook delicious meals for them. Better still, when they have any accident, the robot can deal with emergencies accordingly.
With the help of my robot, I sincerely hope the elderly could be taken good care of.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 "My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly"为题写一篇英语课堂前的一分钟汇报 。写作背景：在学校刚举办的科技创新设计大赛中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1．设计目的；2．功能介绍；3．你的期望。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Having participated in the Technological Innovation Design Competition, I am more than delighted to introduce my design to you.运用了现在分词的完成式作状语；不定式作原因状语；Not only can it keep them company, but it is also able to provide timely feedback to children, thus ensuring the safety of the old people's life and relieving children's concern.运用了并列句，倒装句； In addition, equipped with supportive aids, this robot is qualified to deal with emergencies the elderly may encounter.运用了被动语态；It is hoped that the elderly could be better taken care of with the help of my robots.运用了it作形式主语，主语从句，被动语态；Nowadays, adults are so busy that they can't spare enough time for the elderly.运用了结果状语从句；Better still, when they have any accident, the robot can deal with emergencies accordingly.运用了时间状语从句；With the help of my robot, I sincerely hope the elderly could be taken good care of.运用了宾语从句。