卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站备考2023年高考英语二轮专题：阅读理解（传统文化）
一、阅读理解
（2022高三上·大同月考）阅读理解
By drawing patterns on the surface of a cup of tea, chabaixi, an
ancient Chinese tea trick dis-played in a recent TV drama, has gone viral
for its apparent similarity with modern latte art (咖啡拉花艺术). However,
ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely.
Zhang Zhifeng, a practitioner of chabaixi, found scenes of chabaixi in the
drama aroused great interest among ordinary people.
Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bamboos and mountains
or even calligraphy. There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea
for fine powder to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth,
and finally drawing the patterns. It is different from making latte because
people use clear water as the object to put into the cup instead of milk. But
when the water touches the surface of whipped (搅打起泡沫的)
tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process
before the drawing is known as the tea-making tech-nique, diancha, the quality
of which is crucial to whether patterns can be successfully produced later.
"Chabaixi is one of the countless forms of tea-making
techniques in China. The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique
is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people's lifestyle
in the Song Dynasty, a period of time when leisure activities in some ways
resemble what we have now, "Zhang said.
Before chabaixi was discovered by TV audiences, the technique was
listed as part of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was
recovered by Zhang Zhifeng, who spent nearly 30 years studying and researching
the origins and making of tea, but for him it was all worth-while.
"This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song
Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed
on to the next generations so they can understand its history," Zhang said.
1．What do the underlined words "gone viral" in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Received good protection. B．Become popular quickly.
C．Started declining gradually. D．Maintained highly competitive.
2．What do we know about chabaixi
A．It is painted with whipped milk.
B．It develops based on latte art.
C．It mainly describes beautiful scenery.
D．It involves complicated tea-making skills.
3．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The origin of chabaixi. B．The uniqueness of chabaixi.
C．The significance of chabaixi. D．The development of chabaixi.
4．What can we infer about Zhang Zhifeng
A．He teaches people the tea culture of the Song Dynasty.
B．He is leading young generations to innovate chabaixi.
C．He encourages people to pass on the technique of chabaixi.
D．He is committed to developing chabaixi through media.
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．C
4．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了茶百戏的步骤和传承。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
1．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"However，ten years ago this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely"然而，十年前，这种独特的技术几乎完全消失了，可知，该句与后文形成转折，十年前这种独特的技艺几近完全消失，然而随着最近一部电视剧的播出，这一技艺又"走红，流行起来"。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"There are over a dozen steps，from grinding(碾碎) tea for fine powder to pouring boiled water，stirring the mixture for thick froth，and finally drawing the patterns. "有十几个步骤，从磨茶成细粉到倒入开水，搅拌混合物形成浓泡沫，最后绘制图案。可知，茶百戏的过程包括很复杂的制茶技术。故选D。
3．考查段落大意。根据第三段中的"The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique is unique in the world，but also it gives us a window into people's lifestyle in the Song Dynasty…"茶百戏的重要性在于，这一技术不仅在世界上独一无二，而且为我们提供了一个了解宋代人们生活方式的窗口…..，可知，本段主要讨论的是茶百戏的重要性。故选C。
4．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history”这一技术是宋代茶文化的关键，让它褪色是一种耻辱。这种技术必须传给下一代，这样他们才能了解它的历史，可知，他希望这项技艺可以传承下去。故选C。
（2022高二下·湖北期中）阅读理解
Once Popular Sports in Ancient Capital Xi'an
The ancient capital Xi'an in Northwest China's Shaanxi province is holding the National Games. As the capital of 13 dynasties throughout Chinese history, the ancient city has never been far from sports. Starting from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, the city has held many sports events.
Cuju: Origin of modern soccer
Cuju was an ancient Chinese competitive game involving kicking a ball through an opening into a net. As the ancestor of soccer, it first appeared in the renowned ancient Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce（"Strategies of the Warring States"）, which described Cuju as a form of entertainment among the general public. Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.
Jiaodi: Chinese-style wrestling
Sumo, known as Japan's "national sport", actually started in ancient China. Sumo was called jiaodi or jiaoli in ancient times. Ancient jiaodi, a Chinese-style wrestling, was performed by athletes wearing ox horns and wrestling with each other imitating wild oxen. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, jiaodi was highly favored by emperors. In the Tang Dynasty, jiaodi was part of military training and a kind of entrainment and athletic sports.
Jiju: Ancient polo
Jiju is a sport which uses a stick to hit balls while riding on a horse, pretty similar to modern polo. It was popular in the royal court and among common people in the Tang Dynasty. There were many fields for playing polo in the court and it was also a major military training program in the army. In the Tang Dynasty capital, there were formal polo courts, such as the stadium pavilion in Chang'an palace.
Archery
During ancient times, the origin of archery was closely related with hunting and defense. Ancient archery was not only an athletic event, a military training program, and an entertainment activity, but also part of education. As early as in Zhou Dynasty, the archery was listed as one of the six practical disciplines, also called the Six Arts, becoming an important and competitive form.
5．Which was popular in the army during the Han Dynasty
A．Jiju. B．Jiaodi. C．Cuju. D．Archery.
6．How did people play Jiju in Tang Dynasty
A．Only by riding a horse.
B．By hitting balls while riding on a horse with a stick.
C．By kicking a ball through an opening into a net.
D．By hitting balls wearing ox horns.
7．What did the four games have in common
A．They were only for entertainment.
B．They all disappeared late gradually.
C．They all originated from Han Dynasty.
D．They were military training programs.
【答案】5．C
6．B
7．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了曾经风靡古都西安的体育运动。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
5．考查细节理解。根据Cuju: Origin of modern soccer部分中的“Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.”后来，在汉代，蹴鞠在军队中被普遍用于军事训练，可知，汉朝军中流行的是蹴鞠。故选C。
6．考查细节理解。根据Jiju: Ancient polo部分中的“Jiju is a sport which uses a stick to hit balls while riding on a horse, pretty similar to modern polo.”击鞠是一项骑马时用棍子击球的运动，与现代马球非常相似。可知，唐代的人骑在马上用棍子击球。故选B。
7．考查细节理解。根据Cuju: Origin of modern soccer部分中的“Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.”后来，在汉代，蹴鞠在军队中被普遍用于军事训练；Jiaodi: Chinese-style wrestling部分中的“In the Tang Dynasty, jiaodi was part of military training and a kind of entrainment and athletic sports.”在唐代，角抵是军事训练的一部分，也是一种娱乐和体育运动；Jiju: Ancient polo部分中的“There were many fields for playing polo in the court and it was also a major military training program in the army.”马球场上有很多场地，击鞠也是军队主要的军事训练项目；以及 Archery 部分中的“Ancient archery was not only an athletic event,a military training program, and an entertainment activity, but also part of education.”古代射箭不仅是一项体育运动、军事训练项目、娱乐活动，也是教育的一部分。可知，这四项运动的相同之处在于它们都是军事训练项目。故选D。
（2022高三下·广德月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
In
the 2022 Beijing Olympics process, hand-kitting (手工编织的)
Chinese knot, a symbol of unity and happiness in Chinese context, is loved by
friends from other countries. It has a complex graceful curve, but it can be
reduced to the simple two-dimensional line. It displays fantasy and wisdom of
the ancient Chinese civilization. It has elegant appeal which comes from the
basic tools of human life in the beginning years.
Preparation
of Chinese knot, roughly divided into three categories: the basic knot, varying
knot and combinatorial knot. Its knitting techniques, in addition to all the
basic techniques, agree with a common principle of knitting and can be
summarized as the basic techniques and combinations techniques. But the basic
techniques use a single line, double line or lines to knitting, or change the
use of the parallel thread (线) to
separate thread so as to make colorful knot or bow section; and a combination
of techniques use the extend of head and extended ear flap (耳帽), and combine various knot flexibly, complete pack of ever-changing
knot ornaments (装饰).
To
design a set of beautiful decorative knot, the most important thing is to
determine what the knot will be used for. Accordingly, determine its size and
shape, taking into account of the appropriate use of color matching and
accessories. The shape, color and ornaments should suit each other. Do attach
your own artistic beauty and deep emotion to it, which will be able to fully
demonstrate the beauty of Chinese traditional art.
Long
cultural heritage makes the Han ethnic Chinese knot techniques unique, purely
cultural essence, rich in cultural heritage. Chinese knot not only has shape
and color beauty, but also gain its name because of its meaning, such as
endless knot, caisson knot (藻井结) and
double the money knot, reflecting the ancient Chinese cultural beliefs and
strong religious meanings. It represents the pursuit of truth, goodness and
beauty of good intentions.
8．What does Chinese knot represent in Chinese culture
A．Love and friendship. B．Unity and happiness.
C．Grace and simplicity. D．Fantasy and wisdom.
9．The second paragraph is mainly written ______.
A．to explain basic rules for knitting
B．to introduce the knitting techniques
C．to show how to make Chinese knot
D．to classify Chinese knot into categories
10．What matters most in terms of designing a knot
A．Deciding its purpose. B．Determining its shape.
C．Matching with colors. D．Attaching artistic beauty.
11．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about Chinese knot
A．Its inner beauty. B．Its physical features.
C．Its cultural meaning. D．Its real pursuit.
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．A
11．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国结在中国是团结和幸福的象征，展示了中国古代文明的幻想和智慧。中国结有三种编制类型：基本结、变化结和组合结。因汉族悠久的文化底蕴，中国结不仅具有形状美和色彩美，而且因其含义而得名，体现了中国古代的文化信仰和强烈的宗教意义。它代表着对真、善、美的美好追求。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In the 2022 Beijing Olympics process, hand-kitting (手工编织的) Chinese knot, a symbol of unity and happiness in Chinese context, is loved by friends from other countries.”在2022年北京奥运会的举办过程中，中国结这一在中国背景下象征团结和幸福的吉祥物受到了其他国家朋友的喜爱。可知中国结在中国文化中象征着团结与幸福。故选B。
9．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“Preparation of Chinese knot, roughly divided into three categories: the basic knot, varying knot and combinatorial knot. Its knitting techniques, in addition to all the basic techniques, agree with a common principle of knitting and can be summarized as the basic techniques and combinations techniques.”中国结的编制，大致分为三类：基本结、变化结和组合结。它的编织技术，除了所有的基本技术外，还符合编织的一个共同原则，可以概括为基本技术和组合技术。可知第二段主要介绍了中国结的编织技术。故选B。
10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“To design a set of beautiful decorative knot, the most important thing is to determine what the knot will be used for.”要设计一套漂亮的装饰结，最重要的是要确定这个结将用来做什么。可知在设计中国结时，决定其目的最为重要。故选A。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“reflecting the ancient Chinese cultural beliefs and strong religious meanings”反映了中国古代的文化信仰和强烈的宗教意义；以及“It represents the pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty of good intentions.”它代表着对真、善、美的美好追求。以及本段大意，可知最后一段主要探讨中国结的文化意义。故选C。
（2022高三上·山东期中）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Icehouse and ice
ticket
As
early as Pre-Qin Dynasty, people used natural ice to keep food fresh and make
cold drinks. The Zhou royal court had a specialized department called "ice
administration". They collected natural ice blocks each December to store
in the icehouse. During the Qing Dynasty, "ice tickets" were used and
they were available only to officials and the rich.
Ice container
The
most commonly used cooling tool is called "Jian", which is a big
container filled with ice. It was made of clay in early Chinese history, and
was later made of copper (铜).
The "Jian" can be seen as an ancient refrigerator, which can be used
to make cold drinks.
Hiding food in the
well
During
the Qin and Han dynasties, for common people, the most common way to cool off
is by using their wells. Some families put a pot in the well as a cold closet,
or put food in a basket and lowered the basket into the well with a rope.
Herbal drinks
During
the Qing Dynasty, taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot
summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves,
and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient people also loved to
make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.
12．What does "Jian" have the same function as
A．Container. B．Refrigerator. C．Clay. D．Copper.
13．Which of the following is unavailable to common people
A．Ice tickets. B．Ice container.
C．Hiding food in the well. D．Herbal drinks.
14．What's the common purpose of the above four ways
A．To strengthen the body. B．To keep food fresh.
C．To escape the summer heat. D．To make cold drinks.
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．C
【知识点】细节理解题；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了古代人在炎炎夏日的避暑方略。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据 Ice container 部分中的“The ‘Jian’ can be seen as an ancient refrigerator, which can be used to make cold drinks.”“Jian”可以被视为一种古老的冰箱，可以用来制作冷饮。可知，“Jian”与现在的冰箱用途一样。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据 Icehouse and ice ticket 部分中的“During the Qing Dynasty, ‘ice tickets’ were used and they were available only to officials and the rich.”在清朝，“冰票”被使用，并且只对官员和富人开放。可知，在古代普通人无法得到冰票。故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据小标题“Icehouse and ice ticket”冰屋和冰票；“Ice container”放冰容器；“Hiding food in the well”把食物藏在井里；以及 Herbal drinks 部分中的“During the Qing Dynasty, taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves, and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.”在清朝，服用中草药在北京很流行。在炎热的夏天，一些人喜欢喝冰水，一些煮熟的紫苏叶和甘草作为夏天的汤来保暖。古人也喜欢在夏天做莲子汤，以强身健体。可知，本文主要讲述了古人是如何避暑的，故选C。
阅读理解
Pingyao, in the centre
of Shanxi Province, is a famous historic cultural city of China and a world cultural
heritage site. It's 90 kilometres south of Taiyuan on the Fen River.
People lived in Pingyao
during the New Stone Age. Its long period as the seat of a county government has
left Pingyao with lots of historic buildings and sites, with a 2,700-year history.
Ninety-nine of them are under government protection,
including Zhengguo Temple, Shuanglin Temple and Ancient City of Pingyao.
During the Ming and Qing
Dynasties, businessmen organised commercial(商业的) groups
that did business nationwide. Shanxi Province had some of the most important ones
and Pingyao was their centre. In 1823, a store, known as Rishengchang (Sunrise Prosperity),
traded in bank cheques rather than in silver or gold coins. It was the beginning
of modern Chinese banking. Branches(分行) were soon set up
in major cities in China and other parts of Asia, leading to great development in
Pingyao. Its lacquerware(漆器) became well known.
In Pingyao Ancient City
are many traditional houses and commercial buildings, 3,797 of which are protected
and more than 400 of which are in good condition. Not only do the houses in Pingyao
show Shanxi's history and culture, but they are also valuable to the study of its
history, customs, ancient buildings and art. Most of these houses are still used
as homes and shops of local people.
In 1997, Pingyao Ancient
City was listed in the World Heritage List as a "World Cultural Heritage Site".
15．What does the underlined word "them" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Historic buildings and sites. B．The three temples.
C．The seats of county governments. D．The 2,700-year history.
16．Which of the following about Pingyao is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Its location. B．Its tourism. C．Its business. D．Its history.
17．In which field was Pingyao a leading centre during the Ming and Qing Dynasties
A．Agriculture. B．Raising cattle.
C．Commercial trade. D．Making gold coins.
18．If you want to know about the history of banking in China, which of the following places should you visit
A．Sunrise Prosperity. B．Zhengguo Temple.
C．A lacquerware store. D．A commercial house.
【答案】15．A
16．B
17．C
18．A
【知识点】细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了陕西省的平遥县，是中国著名的历史文化古城，以及它的位置，历史，和商业。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
15．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的“Its long period as the seat of a county government has left Pingyao with lots of historic buildings and sites， with a 2，700-year history.”长期作为县政府所在地，平遥留下了许多历史建筑和遗址，距今已有2700年的历史。可知，这里的them指上文提到的historic buildings and sites，它们是受国家保护的。故选A。
16．考查细节理解。第一段提到了location;第二段提到了history;第三段提到了business。没有提及旅游业，故选B。
17．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“During the Ming and Qing Dynasties， businessmen organised commercial groups that did business nationwide. Shanxi Province had some of the most important ones and Pingyao was their centre.”明清时期，商人组织商业集团，在全国范围内开展业务。 山西省有一些最重要的，而平遥是他们的中心。可知，在明清时期，平遥曾是商业中心。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“In 1823， a store， known as Rishengchang (Sunrise Prosperity)， traded in bank cheques rather than in silver or gold coins.”1823 年，一家名为Sunrise Prosperity的商店以银行支票而非银币或金币进行交易。可知，Sunrise Prosperity是中国第一家票号，是中国现代银行的开端。故选A。
（2022高二下·东海期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项
The Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 closed on February 20. More than an event, the Games are also for exchanging goodwill and friendship. The design details of various elements such as the medals, emblem(图案) and mascots(吉祥物) serve this purpose. Let's take a look at these Chinese elements through the designs.
Medals
The front side of the Winter Olympic medals was based on the ancient Chinese jade concentric circle pendants, with five rings representing "the unity of heaven and earth and the unity of people's hearts". The opposite side of the medals was inspired from a piece of Chinese jadeware(玉器) called "Bi", a double jade disc with a round hole in the center.
Emblem
Inspired by the Chinese character "冬" for "winter", the upper part of the emblem resembles a skater and its lower part a skier. The ribbon-like decoration in between mainly symbolizes the host country's rolling mountains, Games venues, ski courses and skating rinks.
The blue color in the emblem represents dreams, the future and the purity of ice and snow, while red and yellow—the colors of China's national flag – present passion, youth and vitality.
Mascots
Bing Dwen Dwen, the cute mascot of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022, attracts attention with the panda's full-body "shell" made out of ice. The inspiration came from traditional Chinese snack "ice-sugar gourd," (tanghulu), while the shell also resembles a space suit—embracing new technologies for a future of countless possibilities. "Bing" is the Chinese character for ice, which symbolizes purity and toughness. Dwen Dwen is a common nickname in China for children that suggests they are lovely, healthy and clever.
19．Which of following is an inspiration of the emblem
A．A Chinese snack. B．Chinese jadeware.
C．A Chinese character. D．Chinese children.
20．What does "Dwen Dwen" refer to in Chinese
A．A space suit. B．New technologies.
C．Pure and tough ice. D．Health and cuteness.
21．What is the purpose of displaying Chinese elements
A．To make this year's Games more interesting.
B．To draw people's attention to Chinese culture.
C．To show the power and development of China.
D．To promote kindness and friendship worldwide.
【答案】19．C
20．D
21．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了北京冬奥会中三个颇具中国特色代表中国元素的的奖牌，徽章及吉祥物。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
19．考查细节理解。根据Emblem部分中的“Inspired by the Chinese character ‘冬’ for ‘winter’”灵感来自于汉字“冬天”的冬字。可知，冬奥会的徽章灵感来自于汉子“冬”。故选C。
20．考查细节理解。根据Mascots 部分中的“‘Bing’ is the Chinese character for ice, which symbolizes purity and toughness. Dwen Dwen is a common nickname in China for children that suggests they are lovely, healthy and clever”“冰”在中文里是冰的意思，象征着纯洁和坚韧。“墩墩”在中国是孩子们的昵称，暗示他们可爱、健康、聪明。可知，冰墩墩在汉语中代表着纯洁，健康和可爱。故选D。
21．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 closed on February 20. More than an event, the Games are also for exchanging goodwill and friendship. The design details of various elements such as the medals, emblem(图案) and mascots(吉祥物) serve this purpose. ”2022年北京冬奥会于2月20日闭幕。奥运会不仅仅是一项活动，也是为了交流善意和友谊。奖牌、会徽、吉祥物等各种元素的设计细节都是为了达到这个目的。可知，冬奥会上展示这些中国元素的目的是为了促进交流善意和友谊。故选D。
（2022高二下·长春月考）阅读理解
If you have a
chance to talk with a historical figure, who would you like it to be What
would you like to know about the past or share from today China in the
Classics, a new TV show based on Chinese classics started by China Central
Television (CCTV) in February, is exploring such possibilities.
In the first
episode (集), the host of
the show, Sa Beining, meets ancient Confucian scholar Fu Sheng, who interpreted
Shangshu — The Book of Documents. Regarded as one of the five
classics of ancient Chinese Confucianism masterpieces, the book records many
firsts in the country. Even the expression zhongguo (China) is used
there first.
The episode ends
with the host bringing Fu to today's modern society, where the scholar is happy
to find children learning the same things he had learned in his childhood. It
increased the rating of the series with viewers giving it 9 out of 10 on
Douban, a film and TV show reviewing website popular among young people.
The success of China
in the Classics doesn't surprise Shen Haixiong, head of the China Media
Group. Shen said in an article in the journal Qiushi, "We are happy
to see the program is popular among the public, but we are more proud to find
that innovative interpretation of Chinese classics are arousing young people's
interest in Chinese culture."
Therefore, TV
channels have been making bold attempts in recent years to attract today's
younger generations. The Nation's Greatest Treasures, CCTV's cultural
show in 2017, showcased China's history and culture through antiques in the
top-class museums, and fired up the audience. The treasures include the
3,300-year-old Yinxu Ruins in Henan Province and the 1,300-year-old Potala
Palace in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region.
CCTV should make
a variety of programs showcasing classics and cultural traditions to appeal to
the young generation's aesthetics (美学), said Zhou, a professor at the School of Arts and Communication,
Beijing Normal University.
22．Why is The Book of Documents mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To introduce a historical figure.
B．To inform us of the host.
C．To show the popularity of the show.
D．To describe a new TV show.
23．What is Shen Haixiong's attitude towards the programme on Chinese classics
A．Surprised. B．Confused. C．Satisfied. D．Neutral.
24．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Chinese treasures. B．Another TV programme.
C．Yinxu Ruins in Henan. D．Young Chinese audience.
25．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．CCTV Produces Some Famous TV shows
B．TV Shows on Chinese Classics Grow Popular
C．Scholars Focus Attention on Chinese Classics
D．China in the Classics Fires up the Audience
【答案】22．D
23．C
24．B
25．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；段落大意题；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以中央电视台的一个电视节目为引子，介绍了有关中国典籍和文化的电视节目在年轻一代中广受欢迎的现象。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
22．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“China in the Classics, a new TV show based on Chinese classics started by China Central Television (CCTV) in February, is exploring such possibilities.”今年2月，中央电视台开播了一档基于中国古典文学的新电视节目《典籍里的中国》，该节目正在探索这种可能性；并结合第二段内容可知，《尚书》是电视节目《典籍里的中国》的第一集。可推断，第二段提到《尚书》是为了描述新的电视节目《典籍里的中国》。故选D。
23．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Shen said in an article in the journal Qiushi, ‘We are happy to see the program is popular among the public, but we are prouder to find that innovative interpretation of Chinese classics is arousing young people's interest in Chinese culture.’”慎海雄说：“我们很高兴看到这个节目受到公众的欢迎，但让我们更自豪的是，我们发现对中国经典的创新诠释正在激发年轻人对中国文化的兴趣。”可推知，慎海雄对有关中国经典的电视节目是满意的。故选C。
24．考查段落大意。根据第五段“Therefore, TV channels have been making bold attempts in recent years to attract today's younger generations. The Nation's Greatest Treasures, CCTV's cultural show in 2017, showcased China's history and culture through antiques in the top-class museums, and fired up the audience. The treasures include the 3,300-year-old Yinxu Ruins in Henan Province and the 1,300-year-old Potala Palace in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region.”因此，近年来，电视频道一直在进行大胆的尝试，以吸引今天的年轻一代。2017年，中央电视台的文化节目《国家宝藏》在顶级博物馆通过古董展示了中国的历史和文化，点燃了观众的热情。这些珍宝包括河南省有3300年历史的殷墟遗址和西藏自治区拉萨有1300年历史的布达拉宫。可知，第五段主要介绍了2017年中央电视台的另一档文化节目《国家宝藏》。故选B。
25．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文以中央电视台的一个电视节目为引子，介绍了有关中国典籍和文化的电视节目在年轻一代中广受欢迎的现象。“与中国典籍有关的电视节目越来越受欢迎”概括了本文的主题，是本文的最佳标题。故选B。
（2021高三下·南京月考）阅读理解
Chinese
Culture Shown to the World with Love Li Ziqi, a short video blogger
specializing in traditional Chinese cooking and handicrafts has gained
worldwide popularity.
Li
has about 20 million followers on Sina Weibo, China's equivalent to Twitter，plus 7 million followers on overseas social media networks. Many
foreigners say they have got to know traditional Chinese food culture via her
channel.
It
is the spirit of craftsmanship (技艺) behind
her works that makes Li's video clips attractive. She strictly follows the
authentic traditional steps and procedures in making traditional Chinese food
and handicrafts, such as peach flower wine and silk, and goes to great lengths
to ensure her videos are accurate. Sometimes she spends several months
producing one of her videos.
Li
has been inheriting (继承) traditional Chinese
culture in a rather creative way. A closer look at her videos will show that
they are never with any "analysis" that makes people feel bored. They
just show the audience each and every detail of traditional Chinese culture so
that the latter knows how Chinese live their beautiful and elegant lives. It is
that universal appeal that makes her works so attractive. Thanks to Li's
efforts, many intangible cultural heritages that only existed in
memories and written records now appear before our eyes. Via her short videos,
Li presents the image of a beautiful and friendly China.
With
the growth of the Chinese economy, people overseas are showing more interest in
traditional Chinese culture. Li has shown how to satisfy that interest in a
good way, namely showing the best parts of traditional Chinese culture with her
heart.
To
effectively present the beauty of Chinese culture to the world, we need more Li
Zigi.
26．What can we learn about Li Zigi's video clips？
A．They promote the sales of Chinese food and handicrafts.
B．They attract a large number of foreigners to visit her online shop.
C．They aim to introduce traditional Chinese food culture and handicrafts worldwide.
D．They are based on her family's recipes of making traditional Chinese food.
27．What could be inferred from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4？
A．Analysis of Chinese culture in Li's videos makes people bored.
B．Details and accuracy play significant roles in the success of Li's videos.
C．Li makes sure all of her video clips are short enough to be downloaded.
D．Cultural heritages usually exist in memories and written records.
28．What does the underlined word "intangible in Paragraph 4 mean？
A．nonphysical B．inaccessible C．invaluable D．unnoticeable
29．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？
A．To provide guidance on cooking and making handicrafts.
B．To suggest a way of attracting more followers on Sina Weibo.
C．To give an example of how to gain worldwide popularity as a short video blogger.
D．To encourage more people to make efforts to bring Chinese culture to the world.
【答案】26．C
27．B
28．A
29．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的李子柒通过自己精心制作的小视频而传播中国文化。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
26．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Chinese Culture Shown to the World with Love Li Ziqi, a short video blogger specializing in traditional Chinese cooking and handicrafts has gained worldwide popularity. ”；以及第二段“Li has about 20 million followers on Sina Weibo, China's equivalent to Twitter，plus 7 million followers on overseas social media networks. Many foreigners say they have got to know traditional Chinese food culture via her channel” 李子柒，一个专注于中国传统烹饪和手工艺品的视频短博主，在世界范围内广受欢迎。李子柒在新浪微博(相当于中国的推特)上有大约2000万粉丝，在海外社交媒体网络上还有700万粉丝。许多外国人说，通过她的渠道，他们了解了中国的传统饮食文化。这两段中都提到了中国传统的饮食文化和手工艺，可知李子柒的视频是为了使中国的饮食文化和手工艺传播到世界各地去，故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“She strictly follows the authentic traditional steps and procedures in making traditional Chinese food and handicrafts, such as peach flower wine and silk, and goes to great lengths to ensure her videos are accurate. Sometimes she spends several months producing one of her videos. ” 她严格按照传统的步骤和程序制作中国传统食物和手工艺品，如桃花酒和丝绸，并竭尽全力确保视频的准确性。有时她会花几个月的时间制作她的一个视频；及第四段中的“They just show the audience each and every detail of traditional Chinese culture so that the latter knows how Chinese live their beautiful and elegant lives. ” 他们只是向观众展示了中国传统文化的每一个细节，让后者了解中国人如何过着他们美丽而优雅的生活。可知，细节和准确性对李的视频的成功起着重要作用，故选B。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“cultural heritages that only existed in memories and written records now appear before our eyes.”只存在于记忆和文字记录中的文化遗产，现在展现在我们面前，从无形到有形，可知划线单词的意思是非物质的，无形的，故选A。
29．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“To effectively present the beauty of Chinese culture to the world, we need more Li Zigi.” 要有效地向世界展示中国文化的美丽，我们需更多的李子柒，可推断作者写本文旨在鼓励更多的人做出努力把中国文化传播到国外去，故选D。
30．（2021高三下·苏州开学考）阅读理解
San
Francisco chef Cecilia Chiang, who was a pioneer of Chinese cuisine in the
United States, died Wednesday. She was 100. Chiang was the owner, chef and
mastermind behind the game-changing San Francisco restaurant, the Mandarin. She
is widely credited with bringing real Chinese food to America and was a
celebrity chef before celebrity chefs were popularized.
Chiang,
who was born near Shanghai, came from an upper-class Chinese family. Although
She wasn't shy about acknowledging her good fortune, she faced other
difficulties. Convincing the dining public that Chinese food didn't have to be
Thursday's cheap take-out option, Chiang had her work cut out for her.
“Most
Americans; including American-born Chinese, they didn't know about Chinese
food,” Chiang explained in an interview with CNN Travel in 2018. Never having been
to China, they needed to be educated on the difference. The year was 1961, and
Chiang insisted on snowing diners the delicate side of Chinese food. The
restaurant's wine list, filled with Chinese cultural elements, was part of her
strategy. Chiang said she wanted to upgrade the Chinese dining experience. To
do this, she also needed to be fully aware of aesthetics (美学).
The
Mandarin, which would later occupy a much larger space in Ghirardelli Square,
wasn't like other Chinese restaurants. “Is this a Chinese restaurant ” Chiang
said people asked her all the, time. The Mandarin did not serve chop suey or
chow mein, two standard dishes on every Chinese restaurant in the US at the
time. But this is exactly what Chiang wanted to avoid. In fact, her early brushes
with Chinese food in America had left her unimpressed and determined to show
San Francisco what Chinese food was really like.
Not
only was Chiang a woman trying to run a restaurant in a male-controlled
industry, but She was also attempting to educate diners. Changing people's
minds was complicated. And, Chiang, who had been retired some 20 years when she
died, at one point remarked that not a single existing restaurant could compare
to the Mandarin.
（1）What does the underlined part mean in the second paragraph
A．Chiang had to give up her job. B．Chiang refused to be involved.
C．Chiang faced a challenging task. D．Chiang achieved her aim with ease.
（2）What strategy did Chiang take to upgrade the Mandarin
A．Taking full advantage of her family background.
B．Combining dining experience with Chinese culture.
C．Including two standard Chinese dishes on the menu.
D．Expanding the Mandarin business in different areas.
（3）What is the author's main purpose in writing the text
A．To remember Cecilia Chiang and her contributions.
B．To introduce the Mandarin started by Cecilia Chiang.
C．To promote Chinese cuisine culture in the USA
D．To change people's minds toward Chinese restaurants.
（4）Which words can best describe Cecilia Chiang
A．Daring and generous. B．Capable and artistic.
C．Ambitious and grateful. D．Noble and caring.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，讲述了著名厨师Cecilia Chiang如何在美国推广中国菜以及她所取得的成就。
（1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“Although She wasn't shy about acknowledging her good fortune, she faced other difficulties.”尽管她并不羞于承认自己的好运，但她也面临着其他困难，可知，Chiang在推广中国菜时遇到了麻烦；以及“Convincing the dining public that Chinese food didn't have to be Thursday's cheap take-out option”Chiang说服就餐的公众不必将中国菜当做便宜的外卖食品，可知，在美国人眼里中国菜是便宜的外卖食品。可推知，老外对于中国菜存在偏见，想要推广中国菜困难重重，所以划线句表达的意思就是“Chiang面临了一份富有挑战性的任务”。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The restaurant's wine list, filled with Chinese cultural elements, was part of her strategy.”餐厅的酒单上充满了中国文化元素，这也是她的策略之一，可知，Chiang通过将中国元素融合到餐厅里，以此来推广自己的餐厅。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段“San Francisco chef Cecilia Chiang, who was a pioneer of Chinese cuisine in the United States, died Wednesday. She was 100. Chiang was the owner, chef and mastermind behind the game-changing San Francisco restaurant, the Mandarin. She is widely credited with bringing real Chinese food to America and was a celebrity chef before celebrity chefs were popularized. ”旧金山厨师Cecilia Chiang星期三去世，她是美国中餐的先驱。她享年100岁。Cecilia Chiang是旧金山“Mandarin”餐厅的老板、主厨和幕后策划者，这家餐厅改变了餐饮业的格局。她被广泛认为是把真正的中国菜带到了美国，在名厨普及之前，她是一位名厨，可知，美国中餐的开拓者Cecilia Chiang去世享年一百岁，Cecilia Chiang所开设的餐馆“Mandarin”改变了美国人对于中餐的看法并且改变了餐饮业的格局。由此推知，本文是为了纪念Cecilia Chiang和她所取得的成就。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The restaurant's wine list, filled with Chinese cultural elements, was part of her strategy. Chiang said she wanted to upgrade the Chinese dining experience. To do this, she also needed to be fully aware of aesthetics”餐厅的酒单充满了中国文化元素，这是她策略的一部分。Chiang说她想提升中式餐饮的体验。要做到这一点,她也需要充分意识到美学，可知，Chiang运用美学知识在酒店增加中国元素，从而取得成功。由此可推断Chiang非常有艺术性；再结合最后一段中的“And, Chiang, who had been retired some 20 years when she died, at one point remarked that not a single existing restaurant could compare to the Mandarin.”去世时已经退休20年了，她曾说，现在没有一家餐厅能与Mandarin餐厅相比，可知，她所开设的Mandarin餐厅取得了巨大的成功，由此可推断，Chiang非常有能力。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
（2022高三上·常州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The peony has gained extraordinary support in an online vote
to be chosen as China's national flower. The final result of the poll, initiated by the China Flower Association, will be
unveiled on Friday.
The five days of voting began on Monday, and an official
from the association revealed that the peony has collected more than 90 percent
of the votes to date among 10 options.
"We are stepping into the new era and the county is
witnessing social prosperity," the official satd. "People also have
better living conditions. It is time to have
an official national flower that can represent our state image and the nation's
spirit."
According to the association, China's national flower should
meet four standards: It should originate in China and have a long history in
many regions; it should be beautiful in shape and color, to represent the
Chinese culture and personality; it should have a profound historical culture
and be widely known to the public; and it should be extensively used in many
fields with a competitive ecological and economic value that could benefit the
public.
"The peony was the national flower in the Tang Dynasty
(618-907). Apart from ornamental(观
赏的) value, it also has been used as a food and a traditional
Chinese herb, for which it has strong economic value," Dong said. "It
is widely known by Chinese people. Even my 10-year-old son and his classmates
in primary school have voted for it."
By Wednesday afternoon, nearly 600,000 people had joined in
the discussion on WeChat, with about 470,000 agreeing that the national flower
should be only one certain flower.
Among several colors being considered, the red peony bas.
gained the greatest support from the public with nearly 30,000 votes on Sina
Weibo, followed by white and yellow.
Many netizens said they didn't realize that China has no
national flower. In fact, many people said they had already accepted the peony
as the national flower years before they saw the vote.
31．What is most probably this article
A．An introduction to a flower. B．A news report about a vote.
C．An ad for a flower. D．A public notice of a vote.
32．What part of the voting is paragraph 4 and 5 mainly about
A．The procedure. B．The standard. C．The reason. D．The result.
33．What is the author's attitude towards peony being chosen as China's national flower
A．negative B．supportive C．unclear D．intolerant
34．What is the best title for the text
A．Peony leads national flower voting.
B．New era calls for new national flower.
C．Peony changes national flower standards.
D．Peony represents nation's image and spirit.
【答案】31．B
32．C
33．C
34．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是介绍了关于牡丹花通过投票成为中国的国花的事件，具体叙述了过程、原因和人们对此的看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主旨题和推断题是阅读理解的常考题型，相对稍难。推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，把握关键位置（如首尾段）和中心句等重要信息，了解大意后找出中心意思。
31．主旨题。根据第一段可知，目前正在进行一个关于票选中国国花的线上投票，最后一轮投票将在周五进行，因此本文是关于投票的新闻报道，故选B。
32．推断题。根据第四段的 China's national flower should meet four standards 中国的国花应该符合四个标准 ，可知该段介绍了中国国花应满足的四个条件，第五段具体讲述了牡丹是如何满足这几个标准的，因此这两段是介绍选择牡丹作为国花的原因，故选C。
33．推断题。纵观全文，作者客观、公正地介绍了此次票选中国国花的相关事宜，并未提及自己对此事的观点或态度，故选C。
34．主旨题。根据第一段中的 The peony has gained extraordinary support in an online vote to be chosen as China's national flower.和最后一段中的 many people said they had already accepted the peony as the national flower years 可知：文章主要介绍了牡丹花在此次票选国花中处于领先地位，故选A。
备考2023年高考英语二轮专题：阅读理解（传统文化）
一、阅读理解
（2022高三上·大同月考）阅读理解
By drawing patterns on the surface of a cup of tea, chabaixi, an
ancient Chinese tea trick dis-played in a recent TV drama, has gone viral
for its apparent similarity with modern latte art (咖啡拉花艺术). However,
ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely.
Zhang Zhifeng, a practitioner of chabaixi, found scenes of chabaixi in the
drama aroused great interest among ordinary people.
Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bamboos and mountains
or even calligraphy. There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea
for fine powder to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth,
and finally drawing the patterns. It is different from making latte because
people use clear water as the object to put into the cup instead of milk. But
when the water touches the surface of whipped (搅打起泡沫的)
tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process
before the drawing is known as the tea-making tech-nique, diancha, the quality
of which is crucial to whether patterns can be successfully produced later.
"Chabaixi is one of the countless forms of tea-making
techniques in China. The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique
is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people's lifestyle
in the Song Dynasty, a period of time when leisure activities in some ways
resemble what we have now, "Zhang said.
Before chabaixi was discovered by TV audiences, the technique was
listed as part of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was
recovered by Zhang Zhifeng, who spent nearly 30 years studying and researching
the origins and making of tea, but for him it was all worth-while.
"This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song
Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed
on to the next generations so they can understand its history," Zhang said.
1．What do the underlined words "gone viral" in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Received good protection. B．Become popular quickly.
C．Started declining gradually. D．Maintained highly competitive.
2．What do we know about chabaixi
A．It is painted with whipped milk.
B．It develops based on latte art.
C．It mainly describes beautiful scenery.
D．It involves complicated tea-making skills.
3．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The origin of chabaixi. B．The uniqueness of chabaixi.
C．The significance of chabaixi. D．The development of chabaixi.
4．What can we infer about Zhang Zhifeng
A．He teaches people the tea culture of the Song Dynasty.
B．He is leading young generations to innovate chabaixi.
C．He encourages people to pass on the technique of chabaixi.
D．He is committed to developing chabaixi through media.
（2022高二下·湖北期中）阅读理解
Once Popular Sports in Ancient Capital Xi'an
The ancient capital Xi'an in Northwest China's Shaanxi province is holding the National Games. As the capital of 13 dynasties throughout Chinese history, the ancient city has never been far from sports. Starting from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, the city has held many sports events.
Cuju: Origin of modern soccer
Cuju was an ancient Chinese competitive game involving kicking a ball through an opening into a net. As the ancestor of soccer, it first appeared in the renowned ancient Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce（"Strategies of the Warring States"）, which described Cuju as a form of entertainment among the general public. Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.
Jiaodi: Chinese-style wrestling
Sumo, known as Japan's "national sport", actually started in ancient China. Sumo was called jiaodi or jiaoli in ancient times. Ancient jiaodi, a Chinese-style wrestling, was performed by athletes wearing ox horns and wrestling with each other imitating wild oxen. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, jiaodi was highly favored by emperors. In the Tang Dynasty, jiaodi was part of military training and a kind of entrainment and athletic sports.
Jiju: Ancient polo
Jiju is a sport which uses a stick to hit balls while riding on a horse, pretty similar to modern polo. It was popular in the royal court and among common people in the Tang Dynasty. There were many fields for playing polo in the court and it was also a major military training program in the army. In the Tang Dynasty capital, there were formal polo courts, such as the stadium pavilion in Chang'an palace.
Archery
During ancient times, the origin of archery was closely related with hunting and defense. Ancient archery was not only an athletic event, a military training program, and an entertainment activity, but also part of education. As early as in Zhou Dynasty, the archery was listed as one of the six practical disciplines, also called the Six Arts, becoming an important and competitive form.
5．Which was popular in the army during the Han Dynasty
A．Jiju. B．Jiaodi. C．Cuju. D．Archery.
6．How did people play Jiju in Tang Dynasty
A．Only by riding a horse.
B．By hitting balls while riding on a horse with a stick.
C．By kicking a ball through an opening into a net.
D．By hitting balls wearing ox horns.
7．What did the four games have in common
A．They were only for entertainment.
B．They all disappeared late gradually.
C．They all originated from Han Dynasty.
D．They were military training programs.
（2022高三下·广德月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
In
the 2022 Beijing Olympics process, hand-kitting (手工编织的)
Chinese knot, a symbol of unity and happiness in Chinese context, is loved by
friends from other countries. It has a complex graceful curve, but it can be
reduced to the simple two-dimensional line. It displays fantasy and wisdom of
the ancient Chinese civilization. It has elegant appeal which comes from the
basic tools of human life in the beginning years.
Preparation
of Chinese knot, roughly divided into three categories: the basic knot, varying
knot and combinatorial knot. Its knitting techniques, in addition to all the
basic techniques, agree with a common principle of knitting and can be
summarized as the basic techniques and combinations techniques. But the basic
techniques use a single line, double line or lines to knitting, or change the
use of the parallel thread (线) to
separate thread so as to make colorful knot or bow section; and a combination
of techniques use the extend of head and extended ear flap (耳帽), and combine various knot flexibly, complete pack of ever-changing
knot ornaments (装饰).
To
design a set of beautiful decorative knot, the most important thing is to
determine what the knot will be used for. Accordingly, determine its size and
shape, taking into account of the appropriate use of color matching and
accessories. The shape, color and ornaments should suit each other. Do attach
your own artistic beauty and deep emotion to it, which will be able to fully
demonstrate the beauty of Chinese traditional art.
Long
cultural heritage makes the Han ethnic Chinese knot techniques unique, purely
cultural essence, rich in cultural heritage. Chinese knot not only has shape
and color beauty, but also gain its name because of its meaning, such as
endless knot, caisson knot (藻井结) and
double the money knot, reflecting the ancient Chinese cultural beliefs and
strong religious meanings. It represents the pursuit of truth, goodness and
beauty of good intentions.
8．What does Chinese knot represent in Chinese culture
A．Love and friendship. B．Unity and happiness.
C．Grace and simplicity. D．Fantasy and wisdom.
9．The second paragraph is mainly written ______.
A．to explain basic rules for knitting
B．to introduce the knitting techniques
C．to show how to make Chinese knot
D．to classify Chinese knot into categories
10．What matters most in terms of designing a knot
A．Deciding its purpose. B．Determining its shape.
C．Matching with colors. D．Attaching artistic beauty.
11．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about Chinese knot
A．Its inner beauty. B．Its physical features.
C．Its cultural meaning. D．Its real pursuit.
（2022高三上·山东期中）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Icehouse and ice
ticket
As
early as Pre-Qin Dynasty, people used natural ice to keep food fresh and make
cold drinks. The Zhou royal court had a specialized department called "ice
administration". They collected natural ice blocks each December to store
in the icehouse. During the Qing Dynasty, "ice tickets" were used and
they were available only to officials and the rich.
Ice container
The
most commonly used cooling tool is called "Jian", which is a big
container filled with ice. It was made of clay in early Chinese history, and
was later made of copper (铜).
The "Jian" can be seen as an ancient refrigerator, which can be used
to make cold drinks.
Hiding food in the
well
During
the Qin and Han dynasties, for common people, the most common way to cool off
is by using their wells. Some families put a pot in the well as a cold closet,
or put food in a basket and lowered the basket into the well with a rope.
Herbal drinks
During
the Qing Dynasty, taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot
summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves,
and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient people also loved to
make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.
12．What does "Jian" have the same function as
A．Container. B．Refrigerator. C．Clay. D．Copper.
13．Which of the following is unavailable to common people
A．Ice tickets. B．Ice container.
C．Hiding food in the well. D．Herbal drinks.
14．What's the common purpose of the above four ways
A．To strengthen the body. B．To keep food fresh.
C．To escape the summer heat. D．To make cold drinks.
阅读理解
Pingyao, in the centre
of Shanxi Province, is a famous historic cultural city of China and a world cultural
heritage site. It's 90 kilometres south of Taiyuan on the Fen River.
People lived in Pingyao
during the New Stone Age. Its long period as the seat of a county government has
left Pingyao with lots of historic buildings and sites, with a 2,700-year history.
Ninety-nine of them are under government protection,
including Zhengguo Temple, Shuanglin Temple and Ancient City of Pingyao.
During the Ming and Qing
Dynasties, businessmen organised commercial(商业的) groups
that did business nationwide. Shanxi Province had some of the most important ones
and Pingyao was their centre. In 1823, a store, known as Rishengchang (Sunrise Prosperity),
traded in bank cheques rather than in silver or gold coins. It was the beginning
of modern Chinese banking. Branches(分行) were soon set up
in major cities in China and other parts of Asia, leading to great development in
Pingyao. Its lacquerware(漆器) became well known.
In Pingyao Ancient City
are many traditional houses and commercial buildings, 3,797 of which are protected
and more than 400 of which are in good condition. Not only do the houses in Pingyao
show Shanxi's history and culture, but they are also valuable to the study of its
history, customs, ancient buildings and art. Most of these houses are still used
as homes and shops of local people.
In 1997, Pingyao Ancient
City was listed in the World Heritage List as a "World Cultural Heritage Site".
15．What does the underlined word "them" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Historic buildings and sites. B．The three temples.
C．The seats of county governments. D．The 2,700-year history.
16．Which of the following about Pingyao is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Its location. B．Its tourism. C．Its business. D．Its history.
17．In which field was Pingyao a leading centre during the Ming and Qing Dynasties
A．Agriculture. B．Raising cattle.
C．Commercial trade. D．Making gold coins.
18．If you want to know about the history of banking in China, which of the following places should you visit
A．Sunrise Prosperity. B．Zhengguo Temple.
C．A lacquerware store. D．A commercial house.
（2022高二下·东海期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项
The Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 closed on February 20. More than an event, the Games are also for exchanging goodwill and friendship. The design details of various elements such as the medals, emblem(图案) and mascots(吉祥物) serve this purpose. Let's take a look at these Chinese elements through the designs.
Medals
The front side of the Winter Olympic medals was based on the ancient Chinese jade concentric circle pendants, with five rings representing "the unity of heaven and earth and the unity of people's hearts". The opposite side of the medals was inspired from a piece of Chinese jadeware(玉器) called "Bi", a double jade disc with a round hole in the center.
Emblem
Inspired by the Chinese character "冬" for "winter", the upper part of the emblem resembles a skater and its lower part a skier. The ribbon-like decoration in between mainly symbolizes the host country's rolling mountains, Games venues, ski courses and skating rinks.
The blue color in the emblem represents dreams, the future and the purity of ice and snow, while red and yellow—the colors of China's national flag – present passion, youth and vitality.
Mascots
Bing Dwen Dwen, the cute mascot of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022, attracts attention with the panda's full-body "shell" made out of ice. The inspiration came from traditional Chinese snack "ice-sugar gourd," (tanghulu), while the shell also resembles a space suit—embracing new technologies for a future of countless possibilities. "Bing" is the Chinese character for ice, which symbolizes purity and toughness. Dwen Dwen is a common nickname in China for children that suggests they are lovely, healthy and clever.
19．Which of following is an inspiration of the emblem
A．A Chinese snack. B．Chinese jadeware.
C．A Chinese character. D．Chinese children.
20．What does "Dwen Dwen" refer to in Chinese
A．A space suit. B．New technologies.
C．Pure and tough ice. D．Health and cuteness.
21．What is the purpose of displaying Chinese elements
A．To make this year's Games more interesting.
B．To draw people's attention to Chinese culture.
C．To show the power and development of China.
D．To promote kindness and friendship worldwide.
（2022高二下·长春月考）阅读理解
If you have a
chance to talk with a historical figure, who would you like it to be What
would you like to know about the past or share from today China in the
Classics, a new TV show based on Chinese classics started by China Central
Television (CCTV) in February, is exploring such possibilities.
In the first
episode (集), the host of
the show, Sa Beining, meets ancient Confucian scholar Fu Sheng, who interpreted
Shangshu — The Book of Documents. Regarded as one of the five
classics of ancient Chinese Confucianism masterpieces, the book records many
firsts in the country. Even the expression zhongguo (China) is used
there first.
The episode ends
with the host bringing Fu to today's modern society, where the scholar is happy
to find children learning the same things he had learned in his childhood. It
increased the rating of the series with viewers giving it 9 out of 10 on
Douban, a film and TV show reviewing website popular among young people.
The success of China
in the Classics doesn't surprise Shen Haixiong, head of the China Media
Group. Shen said in an article in the journal Qiushi, "We are happy
to see the program is popular among the public, but we are more proud to find
that innovative interpretation of Chinese classics are arousing young people's
interest in Chinese culture."
Therefore, TV
channels have been making bold attempts in recent years to attract today's
younger generations. The Nation's Greatest Treasures, CCTV's cultural
show in 2017, showcased China's history and culture through antiques in the
top-class museums, and fired up the audience. The treasures include the
3,300-year-old Yinxu Ruins in Henan Province and the 1,300-year-old Potala
Palace in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region.
CCTV should make
a variety of programs showcasing classics and cultural traditions to appeal to
the young generation's aesthetics (美学), said Zhou, a professor at the School of Arts and Communication,
Beijing Normal University.
22．Why is The Book of Documents mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To introduce a historical figure.
B．To inform us of the host.
C．To show the popularity of the show.
D．To describe a new TV show.
23．What is Shen Haixiong's attitude towards the programme on Chinese classics
A．Surprised. B．Confused. C．Satisfied. D．Neutral.
24．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Chinese treasures. B．Another TV programme.
C．Yinxu Ruins in Henan. D．Young Chinese audience.
25．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．CCTV Produces Some Famous TV shows
B．TV Shows on Chinese Classics Grow Popular
C．Scholars Focus Attention on Chinese Classics
D．China in the Classics Fires up the Audience
（2021高三下·南京月考）阅读理解
Chinese
Culture Shown to the World with Love Li Ziqi, a short video blogger
specializing in traditional Chinese cooking and handicrafts has gained
worldwide popularity.
Li
has about 20 million followers on Sina Weibo, China's equivalent to Twitter，plus 7 million followers on overseas social media networks. Many
foreigners say they have got to know traditional Chinese food culture via her
channel.
It
is the spirit of craftsmanship (技艺) behind
her works that makes Li's video clips attractive. She strictly follows the
authentic traditional steps and procedures in making traditional Chinese food
and handicrafts, such as peach flower wine and silk, and goes to great lengths
to ensure her videos are accurate. Sometimes she spends several months
producing one of her videos.
Li
has been inheriting (继承) traditional Chinese
culture in a rather creative way. A closer look at her videos will show that
they are never with any "analysis" that makes people feel bored. They
just show the audience each and every detail of traditional Chinese culture so
that the latter knows how Chinese live their beautiful and elegant lives. It is
that universal appeal that makes her works so attractive. Thanks to Li's
efforts, many intangible cultural heritages that only existed in
memories and written records now appear before our eyes. Via her short videos,
Li presents the image of a beautiful and friendly China.
With
the growth of the Chinese economy, people overseas are showing more interest in
traditional Chinese culture. Li has shown how to satisfy that interest in a
good way, namely showing the best parts of traditional Chinese culture with her
heart.
To
effectively present the beauty of Chinese culture to the world, we need more Li
Zigi.
26．What can we learn about Li Zigi's video clips？
A．They promote the sales of Chinese food and handicrafts.
B．They attract a large number of foreigners to visit her online shop.
C．They aim to introduce traditional Chinese food culture and handicrafts worldwide.
D．They are based on her family's recipes of making traditional Chinese food.
27．What could be inferred from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4？
A．Analysis of Chinese culture in Li's videos makes people bored.
B．Details and accuracy play significant roles in the success of Li's videos.
C．Li makes sure all of her video clips are short enough to be downloaded.
D．Cultural heritages usually exist in memories and written records.
28．What does the underlined word "intangible in Paragraph 4 mean？
A．nonphysical B．inaccessible C．invaluable D．unnoticeable
29．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？
A．To provide guidance on cooking and making handicrafts.
B．To suggest a way of attracting more followers on Sina Weibo.
C．To give an example of how to gain worldwide popularity as a short video blogger.
D．To encourage more people to make efforts to bring Chinese culture to the world.
30．（2021高三下·苏州开学考）阅读理解
San
Francisco chef Cecilia Chiang, who was a pioneer of Chinese cuisine in the
United States, died Wednesday. She was 100. Chiang was the owner, chef and
mastermind behind the game-changing San Francisco restaurant, the Mandarin. She
is widely credited with bringing real Chinese food to America and was a
celebrity chef before celebrity chefs were popularized.
Chiang,
who was born near Shanghai, came from an upper-class Chinese family. Although
She wasn't shy about acknowledging her good fortune, she faced other
difficulties. Convincing the dining public that Chinese food didn't have to be
Thursday's cheap take-out option, Chiang had her work cut out for her.
“Most
Americans; including American-born Chinese, they didn't know about Chinese
food,” Chiang explained in an interview with CNN Travel in 2018. Never having been
to China, they needed to be educated on the difference. The year was 1961, and
Chiang insisted on snowing diners the delicate side of Chinese food. The
restaurant's wine list, filled with Chinese cultural elements, was part of her
strategy. Chiang said she wanted to upgrade the Chinese dining experience. To
do this, she also needed to be fully aware of aesthetics (美学).
The
Mandarin, which would later occupy a much larger space in Ghirardelli Square,
wasn't like other Chinese restaurants. “Is this a Chinese restaurant ” Chiang
said people asked her all the, time. The Mandarin did not serve chop suey or
chow mein, two standard dishes on every Chinese restaurant in the US at the
time. But this is exactly what Chiang wanted to avoid. In fact, her early brushes
with Chinese food in America had left her unimpressed and determined to show
San Francisco what Chinese food was really like.
Not
only was Chiang a woman trying to run a restaurant in a male-controlled
industry, but She was also attempting to educate diners. Changing people's
minds was complicated. And, Chiang, who had been retired some 20 years when she
died, at one point remarked that not a single existing restaurant could compare
to the Mandarin.
（1）What does the underlined part mean in the second paragraph
A．Chiang had to give up her job. B．Chiang refused to be involved.
C．Chiang faced a challenging task. D．Chiang achieved her aim with ease.
（2）What strategy did Chiang take to upgrade the Mandarin
A．Taking full advantage of her family background.
B．Combining dining experience with Chinese culture.
C．Including two standard Chinese dishes on the menu.
D．Expanding the Mandarin business in different areas.
（3）What is the author's main purpose in writing the text
A．To remember Cecilia Chiang and her contributions.
B．To introduce the Mandarin started by Cecilia Chiang.
C．To promote Chinese cuisine culture in the USA
D．To change people's minds toward Chinese restaurants.
（4）Which words can best describe Cecilia Chiang
A．Daring and generous. B．Capable and artistic.
C．Ambitious and grateful. D．Noble and caring.
（2022高三上·常州期中）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The peony has gained extraordinary support in an online vote
to be chosen as China's national flower. The final result of the poll, initiated by the China Flower Association, will be
unveiled on Friday.
The five days of voting began on Monday, and an official
from the association revealed that the peony has collected more than 90 percent
of the votes to date among 10 options.
"We are stepping into the new era and the county is
witnessing social prosperity," the official satd. "People also have
better living conditions. It is time to have
an official national flower that can represent our state image and the nation's
spirit."
According to the association, China's national flower should
meet four standards: It should originate in China and have a long history in
many regions; it should be beautiful in shape and color, to represent the
Chinese culture and personality; it should have a profound historical culture
and be widely known to the public; and it should be extensively used in many
fields with a competitive ecological and economic value that could benefit the
public.
"The peony was the national flower in the Tang Dynasty
(618-907). Apart from ornamental(观
赏的) value, it also has been used as a food and a traditional
Chinese herb, for which it has strong economic value," Dong said. "It
is widely known by Chinese people. Even my 10-year-old son and his classmates
in primary school have voted for it."
By Wednesday afternoon, nearly 600,000 people had joined in
the discussion on WeChat, with about 470,000 agreeing that the national flower
should be only one certain flower.
Among several colors being considered, the red peony bas.
gained the greatest support from the public with nearly 30,000 votes on Sina
Weibo, followed by white and yellow.
Many netizens said they didn't realize that China has no
national flower. In fact, many people said they had already accepted the peony
as the national flower years before they saw the vote.
31．What is most probably this article
A．An introduction to a flower. B．A news report about a vote.
C．An ad for a flower. D．A public notice of a vote.
32．What part of the voting is paragraph 4 and 5 mainly about
A．The procedure. B．The standard. C．The reason. D．The result.
33．What is the author's attitude towards peony being chosen as China's national flower
A．negative B．supportive C．unclear D．intolerant
34．What is the best title for the text
A．Peony leads national flower voting.
B．New era calls for new national flower.
C．Peony changes national flower standards.
D．Peony represents nation's image and spirit.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．C
4．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了茶百戏的步骤和传承。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
1．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"However，ten years ago this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely"然而，十年前，这种独特的技术几乎完全消失了，可知，该句与后文形成转折，十年前这种独特的技艺几近完全消失，然而随着最近一部电视剧的播出，这一技艺又"走红，流行起来"。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"There are over a dozen steps，from grinding(碾碎) tea for fine powder to pouring boiled water，stirring the mixture for thick froth，and finally drawing the patterns. "有十几个步骤，从磨茶成细粉到倒入开水，搅拌混合物形成浓泡沫，最后绘制图案。可知，茶百戏的过程包括很复杂的制茶技术。故选D。
3．考查段落大意。根据第三段中的"The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique is unique in the world，but also it gives us a window into people's lifestyle in the Song Dynasty…"茶百戏的重要性在于，这一技术不仅在世界上独一无二，而且为我们提供了一个了解宋代人们生活方式的窗口…..，可知，本段主要讨论的是茶百戏的重要性。故选C。
4．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history”这一技术是宋代茶文化的关键，让它褪色是一种耻辱。这种技术必须传给下一代，这样他们才能了解它的历史，可知，他希望这项技艺可以传承下去。故选C。
【答案】5．C
6．B
7．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了曾经风靡古都西安的体育运动。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
5．考查细节理解。根据Cuju: Origin of modern soccer部分中的“Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.”后来，在汉代，蹴鞠在军队中被普遍用于军事训练，可知，汉朝军中流行的是蹴鞠。故选C。
6．考查细节理解。根据Jiju: Ancient polo部分中的“Jiju is a sport which uses a stick to hit balls while riding on a horse, pretty similar to modern polo.”击鞠是一项骑马时用棍子击球的运动，与现代马球非常相似。可知，唐代的人骑在马上用棍子击球。故选B。
7．考查细节理解。根据Cuju: Origin of modern soccer部分中的“Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.”后来，在汉代，蹴鞠在军队中被普遍用于军事训练；Jiaodi: Chinese-style wrestling部分中的“In the Tang Dynasty, jiaodi was part of military training and a kind of entrainment and athletic sports.”在唐代，角抵是军事训练的一部分，也是一种娱乐和体育运动；Jiju: Ancient polo部分中的“There were many fields for playing polo in the court and it was also a major military training program in the army.”马球场上有很多场地，击鞠也是军队主要的军事训练项目；以及 Archery 部分中的“Ancient archery was not only an athletic event,a military training program, and an entertainment activity, but also part of education.”古代射箭不仅是一项体育运动、军事训练项目、娱乐活动，也是教育的一部分。可知，这四项运动的相同之处在于它们都是军事训练项目。故选D。
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．A
11．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国结在中国是团结和幸福的象征，展示了中国古代文明的幻想和智慧。中国结有三种编制类型：基本结、变化结和组合结。因汉族悠久的文化底蕴，中国结不仅具有形状美和色彩美，而且因其含义而得名，体现了中国古代的文化信仰和强烈的宗教意义。它代表着对真、善、美的美好追求。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In the 2022 Beijing Olympics process, hand-kitting (手工编织的) Chinese knot, a symbol of unity and happiness in Chinese context, is loved by friends from other countries.”在2022年北京奥运会的举办过程中，中国结这一在中国背景下象征团结和幸福的吉祥物受到了其他国家朋友的喜爱。可知中国结在中国文化中象征着团结与幸福。故选B。
9．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“Preparation of Chinese knot, roughly divided into three categories: the basic knot, varying knot and combinatorial knot. Its knitting techniques, in addition to all the basic techniques, agree with a common principle of knitting and can be summarized as the basic techniques and combinations techniques.”中国结的编制，大致分为三类：基本结、变化结和组合结。它的编织技术，除了所有的基本技术外，还符合编织的一个共同原则，可以概括为基本技术和组合技术。可知第二段主要介绍了中国结的编织技术。故选B。
10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“To design a set of beautiful decorative knot, the most important thing is to determine what the knot will be used for.”要设计一套漂亮的装饰结，最重要的是要确定这个结将用来做什么。可知在设计中国结时，决定其目的最为重要。故选A。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“reflecting the ancient Chinese cultural beliefs and strong religious meanings”反映了中国古代的文化信仰和强烈的宗教意义；以及“It represents the pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty of good intentions.”它代表着对真、善、美的美好追求。以及本段大意，可知最后一段主要探讨中国结的文化意义。故选C。
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．C
【知识点】细节理解题；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了古代人在炎炎夏日的避暑方略。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据 Ice container 部分中的“The ‘Jian’ can be seen as an ancient refrigerator, which can be used to make cold drinks.”“Jian”可以被视为一种古老的冰箱，可以用来制作冷饮。可知，“Jian”与现在的冰箱用途一样。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据 Icehouse and ice ticket 部分中的“During the Qing Dynasty, ‘ice tickets’ were used and they were available only to officials and the rich.”在清朝，“冰票”被使用，并且只对官员和富人开放。可知，在古代普通人无法得到冰票。故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据小标题“Icehouse and ice ticket”冰屋和冰票；“Ice container”放冰容器；“Hiding food in the well”把食物藏在井里；以及 Herbal drinks 部分中的“During the Qing Dynasty, taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves, and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.”在清朝，服用中草药在北京很流行。在炎热的夏天，一些人喜欢喝冰水，一些煮熟的紫苏叶和甘草作为夏天的汤来保暖。古人也喜欢在夏天做莲子汤，以强身健体。可知，本文主要讲述了古人是如何避暑的，故选C。
【答案】15．A
16．B
17．C
18．A
【知识点】细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了陕西省的平遥县，是中国著名的历史文化古城，以及它的位置，历史，和商业。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
15．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的“Its long period as the seat of a county government has left Pingyao with lots of historic buildings and sites， with a 2，700-year history.”长期作为县政府所在地，平遥留下了许多历史建筑和遗址，距今已有2700年的历史。可知，这里的them指上文提到的historic buildings and sites，它们是受国家保护的。故选A。
16．考查细节理解。第一段提到了location;第二段提到了history;第三段提到了business。没有提及旅游业，故选B。
17．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“During the Ming and Qing Dynasties， businessmen organised commercial groups that did business nationwide. Shanxi Province had some of the most important ones and Pingyao was their centre.”明清时期，商人组织商业集团，在全国范围内开展业务。 山西省有一些最重要的，而平遥是他们的中心。可知，在明清时期，平遥曾是商业中心。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“In 1823， a store， known as Rishengchang (Sunrise Prosperity)， traded in bank cheques rather than in silver or gold coins.”1823 年，一家名为Sunrise Prosperity的商店以银行支票而非银币或金币进行交易。可知，Sunrise Prosperity是中国第一家票号，是中国现代银行的开端。故选A。
【答案】19．C
20．D
21．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了北京冬奥会中三个颇具中国特色代表中国元素的的奖牌，徽章及吉祥物。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
19．考查细节理解。根据Emblem部分中的“Inspired by the Chinese character ‘冬’ for ‘winter’”灵感来自于汉字“冬天”的冬字。可知，冬奥会的徽章灵感来自于汉子“冬”。故选C。
20．考查细节理解。根据Mascots 部分中的“‘Bing’ is the Chinese character for ice, which symbolizes purity and toughness. Dwen Dwen is a common nickname in China for children that suggests they are lovely, healthy and clever”“冰”在中文里是冰的意思，象征着纯洁和坚韧。“墩墩”在中国是孩子们的昵称，暗示他们可爱、健康、聪明。可知，冰墩墩在汉语中代表着纯洁，健康和可爱。故选D。
21．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 closed on February 20. More than an event, the Games are also for exchanging goodwill and friendship. The design details of various elements such as the medals, emblem(图案) and mascots(吉祥物) serve this purpose. ”2022年北京冬奥会于2月20日闭幕。奥运会不仅仅是一项活动，也是为了交流善意和友谊。奖牌、会徽、吉祥物等各种元素的设计细节都是为了达到这个目的。可知，冬奥会上展示这些中国元素的目的是为了促进交流善意和友谊。故选D。
【答案】22．D
23．C
24．B
25．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；段落大意题；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以中央电视台的一个电视节目为引子，介绍了有关中国典籍和文化的电视节目在年轻一代中广受欢迎的现象。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
22．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“China in the Classics, a new TV show based on Chinese classics started by China Central Television (CCTV) in February, is exploring such possibilities.”今年2月，中央电视台开播了一档基于中国古典文学的新电视节目《典籍里的中国》，该节目正在探索这种可能性；并结合第二段内容可知，《尚书》是电视节目《典籍里的中国》的第一集。可推断，第二段提到《尚书》是为了描述新的电视节目《典籍里的中国》。故选D。
23．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Shen said in an article in the journal Qiushi, ‘We are happy to see the program is popular among the public, but we are prouder to find that innovative interpretation of Chinese classics is arousing young people's interest in Chinese culture.’”慎海雄说：“我们很高兴看到这个节目受到公众的欢迎，但让我们更自豪的是，我们发现对中国经典的创新诠释正在激发年轻人对中国文化的兴趣。”可推知，慎海雄对有关中国经典的电视节目是满意的。故选C。
24．考查段落大意。根据第五段“Therefore, TV channels have been making bold attempts in recent years to attract today's younger generations. The Nation's Greatest Treasures, CCTV's cultural show in 2017, showcased China's history and culture through antiques in the top-class museums, and fired up the audience. The treasures include the 3,300-year-old Yinxu Ruins in Henan Province and the 1,300-year-old Potala Palace in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region.”因此，近年来，电视频道一直在进行大胆的尝试，以吸引今天的年轻一代。2017年，中央电视台的文化节目《国家宝藏》在顶级博物馆通过古董展示了中国的历史和文化，点燃了观众的热情。这些珍宝包括河南省有3300年历史的殷墟遗址和西藏自治区拉萨有1300年历史的布达拉宫。可知，第五段主要介绍了2017年中央电视台的另一档文化节目《国家宝藏》。故选B。
25．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文以中央电视台的一个电视节目为引子，介绍了有关中国典籍和文化的电视节目在年轻一代中广受欢迎的现象。“与中国典籍有关的电视节目越来越受欢迎”概括了本文的主题，是本文的最佳标题。故选B。
【答案】26．C
27．B
28．A
29．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的李子柒通过自己精心制作的小视频而传播中国文化。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
26．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Chinese Culture Shown to the World with Love Li Ziqi, a short video blogger specializing in traditional Chinese cooking and handicrafts has gained worldwide popularity. ”；以及第二段“Li has about 20 million followers on Sina Weibo, China's equivalent to Twitter，plus 7 million followers on overseas social media networks. Many foreigners say they have got to know traditional Chinese food culture via her channel” 李子柒，一个专注于中国传统烹饪和手工艺品的视频短博主，在世界范围内广受欢迎。李子柒在新浪微博(相当于中国的推特)上有大约2000万粉丝，在海外社交媒体网络上还有700万粉丝。许多外国人说，通过她的渠道，他们了解了中国的传统饮食文化。这两段中都提到了中国传统的饮食文化和手工艺，可知李子柒的视频是为了使中国的饮食文化和手工艺传播到世界各地去，故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“She strictly follows the authentic traditional steps and procedures in making traditional Chinese food and handicrafts, such as peach flower wine and silk, and goes to great lengths to ensure her videos are accurate. Sometimes she spends several months producing one of her videos. ” 她严格按照传统的步骤和程序制作中国传统食物和手工艺品，如桃花酒和丝绸，并竭尽全力确保视频的准确性。有时她会花几个月的时间制作她的一个视频；及第四段中的“They just show the audience each and every detail of traditional Chinese culture so that the latter knows how Chinese live their beautiful and elegant lives. ” 他们只是向观众展示了中国传统文化的每一个细节，让后者了解中国人如何过着他们美丽而优雅的生活。可知，细节和准确性对李的视频的成功起着重要作用，故选B。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“cultural heritages that only existed in memories and written records now appear before our eyes.”只存在于记忆和文字记录中的文化遗产，现在展现在我们面前，从无形到有形，可知划线单词的意思是非物质的，无形的，故选A。
29．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“To effectively present the beauty of Chinese culture to the world, we need more Li Zigi.” 要有效地向世界展示中国文化的美丽，我们需更多的李子柒，可推断作者写本文旨在鼓励更多的人做出努力把中国文化传播到国外去，故选D。
30．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，讲述了著名厨师Cecilia Chiang如何在美国推广中国菜以及她所取得的成就。
（1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“Although She wasn't shy about acknowledging her good fortune, she faced other difficulties.”尽管她并不羞于承认自己的好运，但她也面临着其他困难，可知，Chiang在推广中国菜时遇到了麻烦；以及“Convincing the dining public that Chinese food didn't have to be Thursday's cheap take-out option”Chiang说服就餐的公众不必将中国菜当做便宜的外卖食品，可知，在美国人眼里中国菜是便宜的外卖食品。可推知，老外对于中国菜存在偏见，想要推广中国菜困难重重，所以划线句表达的意思就是“Chiang面临了一份富有挑战性的任务”。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The restaurant's wine list, filled with Chinese cultural elements, was part of her strategy.”餐厅的酒单上充满了中国文化元素，这也是她的策略之一，可知，Chiang通过将中国元素融合到餐厅里，以此来推广自己的餐厅。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段“San Francisco chef Cecilia Chiang, who was a pioneer of Chinese cuisine in the United States, died Wednesday. She was 100. Chiang was the owner, chef and mastermind behind the game-changing San Francisco restaurant, the Mandarin. She is widely credited with bringing real Chinese food to America and was a celebrity chef before celebrity chefs were popularized. ”旧金山厨师Cecilia Chiang星期三去世，她是美国中餐的先驱。她享年100岁。Cecilia Chiang是旧金山“Mandarin”餐厅的老板、主厨和幕后策划者，这家餐厅改变了餐饮业的格局。她被广泛认为是把真正的中国菜带到了美国，在名厨普及之前，她是一位名厨，可知，美国中餐的开拓者Cecilia Chiang去世享年一百岁，Cecilia Chiang所开设的餐馆“Mandarin”改变了美国人对于中餐的看法并且改变了餐饮业的格局。由此推知，本文是为了纪念Cecilia Chiang和她所取得的成就。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The restaurant's wine list, filled with Chinese cultural elements, was part of her strategy. Chiang said she wanted to upgrade the Chinese dining experience. To do this, she also needed to be fully aware of aesthetics”餐厅的酒单充满了中国文化元素，这是她策略的一部分。Chiang说她想提升中式餐饮的体验。要做到这一点,她也需要充分意识到美学，可知，Chiang运用美学知识在酒店增加中国元素，从而取得成功。由此可推断Chiang非常有艺术性；再结合最后一段中的“And, Chiang, who had been retired some 20 years when she died, at one point remarked that not a single existing restaurant could compare to the Mandarin.”去世时已经退休20年了，她曾说，现在没有一家餐厅能与Mandarin餐厅相比，可知，她所开设的Mandarin餐厅取得了巨大的成功，由此可推断，Chiang非常有能力。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
【答案】31．B
32．C
33．C
34．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是介绍了关于牡丹花通过投票成为中国的国花的事件，具体叙述了过程、原因和人们对此的看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主旨题和推断题是阅读理解的常考题型，相对稍难。推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，把握关键位置（如首尾段）和中心句等重要信息，了解大意后找出中心意思。
31．主旨题。根据第一段可知，目前正在进行一个关于票选中国国花的线上投票，最后一轮投票将在周五进行，因此本文是关于投票的新闻报道，故选B。
32．推断题。根据第四段的 China's national flower should meet four standards 中国的国花应该符合四个标准 ，可知该段介绍了中国国花应满足的四个条件，第五段具体讲述了牡丹是如何满足这几个标准的，因此这两段是介绍选择牡丹作为国花的原因，故选C。
33．推断题。纵观全文，作者客观、公正地介绍了此次票选中国国花的相关事宜，并未提及自己对此事的观点或态度，故选C。
34．主旨题。根据第一段中的 The peony has gained extraordinary support in an online vote to be chosen as China's national flower.和最后一段中的 many people said they had already accepted the peony as the national flower years 可知：文章主要介绍了牡丹花在此次票选国花中处于领先地位，故选A。