卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站厦门一中2024届高三年英语科期中考试卷
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman probably do later
A. See her grandma. B. Cook noodles. C. Wash the pot.
2. What color may the new curtains be
A. Green. B. Yellow. C. Blue.
3. What time is the man likely to get the package
A. Before 6:00 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. After 8:00 pm.
4. Who will return the books
A. Jenny. B. Carl. C. Kate.
5. How did Janet find the trip
A. Tiring. B. Exciting. C. Disappointing.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How much do the meals cost
A. 100 dollars. B. 260 dollars. C. 660 dollars.
7. What will the man do tonight
A. See some friends. B. Keep the luggage. C. Leave for London.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What day is it today
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
9. What does the man want to buy
A. Toys. B. Clothes. C. Beef.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Customer and shopkeeper. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a tailor shop. B. In a fitness club. C. On a sports field.
12. What attracts the woman most
A. Personal guidance. B. Health assessment. C. Quality equipment.
13. Which membership does the woman choose
A. One month. B. Half a year. C. One year.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does Alice come today
A. To inquire about a scholarship. B. To ask for a recommendation. C. To hand in an application.
15. Which is a requirement for this scholarship
A. Being a junior. B. Being a foreigner. C. A GPA higher than 3.9.
16. What does the man think of Alice’s chance of winning the scholarship
A. Fairly slim. B. Fifty-fifty. C. Pretty high.
17. When might Alice get the feedback
A Tomorrow morning. B. Before the weekend. C. Next week.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does Ann do
A. A nurse. B. An officer. C. A stewardess.
19. What helped Ann sense details
A. Passengers’ demands. B. Her medical background. C. Her approach to work.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. Her double life. B. Her volunteer experience. C. Her childhood dream.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
FIVE UNUSUAL SPORTS
What sports are you into Football Tennis Swimming If you’re looking for a change, you might like to try one of these.
Octopush
Octopush (or underwater hockey as it’s also known) is a form of hockey that’s played in a swimming pool. Participants wear a mask and snorkel and try to move a puck (水球) across the bottom of a pool. The sport has become popular in countries such as the UK, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. An ability to hold your breath for long periods of time is a definite plus.
Zoobombing
Zoobombing involves riding a children’s bike down a steep hill. The sport originated in the US city of Portland in Oregon in 2002. Participants carry their bikes on the MAX Light Rail and go to the Washington Park station next to Oregon Zoo (which is why it’s called “zoobombing”). From there, they take a lift to the surface, and then ride the mini-bikes down the hills in the area.
Office Chair Racing
Office Chair Racing consists of racing down a hill in office chairs that can reach speeds of up to 30kph. Strict rules are in place for competitors: they’re allowed to fit in-line skate wheels and handles to their chairs, but no motors. “We check each chair carefully in advance,”one of the organizers explained. The participants race in pairs wearing protective padding as they launch themselves from a ramp (坡道). Prizes are given to the fastest competitors and also for the best-designed chairs.
Fit 4 Drums
Fit 4 Drums is a new form of cardio-rhythmic exercise. Led by an instructor, the class involves beating a specially-designed drum with two sticks while dancing at the same time. It’s the first group fitness activity where you get to play a drum while getting an intense workout. A sense of rhythm is a definite advantage!
Horse Boarding
Horse Boarding involves being towed behind a horse at 35mph on an off-road skateboard. Professional stuntman Daniel Fowler Prime invented the sport after he strung a rope between his off-road “mountain board” and a horse. Participants stand on a board while holding onto a rope, attempting to maintain their balance as the horse gallops (疾驰) ahead. “The horse rider and the horse have to work together because if they don’t, the horse goes flying,”Daniel explained.
So, which sport would you like to try
1. What do you need to do if you want to play Octopush
A. Swim on the surface of the water. B. Hold your breath before the sport.
C. Play it by the side of the seashore. D. Wear underwater breathing devices.
2. Which activity will you choose if you want to take part in collective fitness
A. Zoobombing B. Office Chair Racing
C. Fit 4 Drums D. Horse Boarding
3. What proverb does Horse Boarding tell us
A. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.
B. Never let your feet run faster than your shoes.
C. The bigger they come, the harder they fall.
D. Every chess master was once a beginner.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五种不同寻常的运动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Octopush中“Participants wear a mask and snorkel and try to move a puck (水球) across the bottom of a pool. (参与者戴着面具，戴着通气管，试着泳池底部移动一个冰球。)”可知，如果你想玩Octopush，你需要佩戴水下呼吸装置。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fit 4 Drums中“Fit 4 Drums is a new form of cardio-rhythmic exercise. Led by an instructor, the class involves beating a specially-designed drum with two sticks while dancing at the same time. It’s the first group fitness activity where you get to play a drum while getting an intense workout. A sense of rhythm is a definite advantage!(Fit 4 Drums是一种有节奏的有氧运动。在教练的带领下，该课程包括用两根棍子敲击一个专门设计的鼓，同时跳舞。这是第一项集体健身活动，你可以在进行高强度锻炼的同时打鼓。有节奏感是绝对的优势！)”可知，如果你想参加集体健身，应该选择Fit 4 Drums。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Horse Boarding中“The horse rider and the horse have to work together because if they don’t, the horse goes flying.(骑手和马必须合作，因为如果他们不合作，马就会飞起来。)”可知，Horse Boarding告诉我们“不要让你的脚跳得比你的鞋子快”，说明运动中必须合作一致。故选B项。
B
Eliana Yi dreamed of pursuing piano performance in college, never mind that her fingers could barely reach the length of an octave (八度音阶). Unable to fully play many works by Romantic-era composers, including Beethoven and Brahms, she tried anyway — and in her determination to spend hours practicing one of Chopin’s compositions which is known for being “stretchy”, wound up injuring herself.
“I would just go to pieces,” the Southern Methodist University junior recalled. “There were just too many octaves. I wondered whether I was just going to play Bach and Mozart for the rest of my life.”
The efforts of SMU keyboard studies chair Carol Leone are changing all that. Twenty years ago, the school became the first major university in the U.S. to incorporate smaller keyboards into its music program, leveling the playing field for Yi and other piano majors.
Yi reflected on the first time she tried one of the smaller keyboards: “I remember being really excited because my hands could actually reach and play all the right notes,” she said. Ever since, “I haven’t had a single injury, and I can practice as long as I want.”
For decades, few questioned the size of the conventional piano. If someone’s hand span was less than 8.5 inches — the distance considered ideal to comfortably play an octave — well, that’s just how it was.
Those who attempt “stretchy” passages either get used to omitting notes or risk tendon (腱) injury with repeated play. Leone is familiar with such challenges. Born into a family of jazz musicians, she instead favored classical music and pursued piano despite her small hand span and earned a doctorate in musical arts.
A few years after joining SMU’s music faculty in 1996, the decorated pianist read an article in Piano and Keyboard magazine about the smaller keyboards. As Leone would later write, the discovery would completely renew her life and career.
In 2000, she received a grant to retrofit a department Steinway to accommodate a smaller keyboard, and the benefits were immediate. In addition to relieving injury caused by overextended fingers, she said, it gave those with smaller spans the ability to play classic compositions taken for granted by larger-handed counterparts.
Smaller keyboards instill many with new confidence. It’s not their own limitations that have held them back, they realize; it’s the limitations of the instruments themselves. For those devoted to a life of making music, it’s as if a cloud has suddenly lifted.
4. What is the similarity between Eliana Yi and Carol Leone
A. Their interest in jazz extended to classical music.
B. Short hand span used to restrict their music career.
C. They both joined SMU’s music faculty years ago.
D. Romantic-era composers’ music was easy for them.
5. Why did SMU initiate an effort to scale down the piano
A. To reduce the number of octaves.
B. To incorporate Bach into its music program.
C. To provide fair opportunities for piano majors.
D. To encourage pianists to spend more hours practicing.
6. How did Yi probably feel when she played the retrofitted piano
A. Confident. B. Frustrated. C. Challenging. D. Determined.
7. Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A. Who Qualifies as an Ideal Pianist
B. Traditional or Innovative Piano
C. Hard-working Pianists Pays off
D. The Story behind Retrofitted Pianos
【答案】4 B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了南方卫理公会大学的音乐系教授Carol Leone如何引入小钢琴键盘来改变钢琴教育的现状和Eliana Yi使用小钢琴键盘的经历。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Eliana Yi dreamed of pursuing piano performance in college, never mind that her fingers could barely reach the length of an octave (八度音阶).( Eliana Yi在大学时梦想着从事钢琴演奏，尽管她的手指几乎达不到一个八度音程的长度。)”以及第二段中““I would just go to pieces,” the Southern Methodist University junior recalled. “There were just too many octaves. I wondered whether I was just going to play Bach and Mozart for the rest of my life.”(“我会崩溃，”这位南卫理公会大学的大三学生回忆说。“八度太多了。我想知道我的余生是否只会演奏巴赫和莫扎特。”)”以及第六段中“Leone is familiar with such challenges. Born into a family of jazz musicians, she instead favored classical music and pursued piano despite her small hand span and earned a doctorate in musical arts.( Leone Leone对这些挑战很熟悉。她出生在一个爵士音乐家的家庭，但她更喜欢古典音乐，并且尽管她的手指距离较小，她还是选择了追求钢琴，并获得了音乐艺术博士学位。)”可知，短手距限制了她们的音乐事业，这是Eliana Yi和Carol Leone之间的相似之处。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Twenty years ago, the school became the first major university in the U.S. to incorporate smaller keyboards into its music program, leveling the playing field for Yi and other piano majors.( 20年前，该校成为美国第一所将小型键盘纳入音乐课程的主要大学，为Yi和其他钢琴专业的学生创造了公平的竞争环境。)”可知，SMU将将小型键盘纳入音乐课程是为Yi和其他钢琴专业的学生创造了公平的竞争环境。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Smaller keyboards instill many with new confidence. It’s not their own limitations that have held them back, they realize; it’s the limitations of the instruments themselves. (更小的键盘给许多人注入了新的信心。他们意识到，阻碍他们前进的不是他们自身的局限；这是仪器本身的局限性。)”可知，当她弹奏这架改装过的钢琴时，她感觉到非常有信心。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了南方卫理公会大学的音乐系教授Carol Leone如何引入小钢琴键盘来改变钢琴教育的现状。过去，人们对于传统钢琴的尺寸几乎没有质疑，导致手指长度不够的人无法舒适地演奏八度音阶。然而，通过引入小钢琴键盘，这些人可以更轻松地演奏，并且不再受到手指过度伸展而导致的伤害。这一改变不仅让那些手指长度较短的人有了更多的机会演奏经典作品，也给他们带来了新的信心和动力。D选项“The Story behind Retrofitted Pianos(改装钢琴背后的故事)”概括文章主要内容。故选D。
C
The curb cut (路缘坡). It’s a convenience that most of us rarely, if ever, notice. Yet, without it, daily life might be a lot harder—in more ways than one. Pushing a baby stroller onto the curb, skateboarding onto a sidewalk or taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to your car—all these tasks are easier because of the curb cut.
But it was created with a different purpose in mind.
It’s hard to imagine today, but back in the 1970s, most sidewalks in the United States ended with a sharp drop-off. That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps to help them move along city blocks without assistance. According to one disability rights leader, a six-inch curb “might as well have been Mount Everest”. So, activists from Berkeley, California, who also needed wheelchairs, organized a campaign to create tiny ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently.
I think about the “curb cut effect” a lot when working on issues around health equity (公平). The first time I even heard about the curb cut was in a 2017 Stanford Social Innovation Review piece by Policy Link CEO Angela Blackwell. Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as “a zero-sum game (零和游戏)” and that it is commonly believed that there is a “prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.” What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that “when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.”
There are multiple examples of this principle at work. For example, investing in policies that create more living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that have limited options. But, the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone. Even the football huddle (密商) was initially created to help deaf football players at Gallaudet College keep their game plans secret from opponents who could have read their sign language. Today, it’s used by every team to prevent the opponent from learning about game-winning strategies.
So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us.
8. What does the underlined quote from the disability rights leader imply concerning a six-inch curb
A. It is an unforgettable symbol. B. It is an impassable barrier.
C. It is an important sign. D. It is an impressive landmark.
9. According to Angela Blackwell, what do many people believe
A. It’s not worthwhile to promote health equity.
B. It’s necessary to go all out to help the disabled.
C. It’s impossible to have everyone treated equally.
D. It’s fair to give the disadvantaged more help than others.
10. Which of the following examples best illustrates the “curb cut effect” principle
A. Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth.
B. Four great inventions of China spread to the west.
C. Christopher Columbus discovered the new world.
D. Classic literature got translated into many languages.
11. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage
A. Caring for disadvantaged groups may finally benefit all.
B. Action empowers those with opportunities for better solutions.
C. Society should create circumstances that get everyone involved.
D. Everyday items are originally invented for people in need of help.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要通过“路缘坡效应”讲述了当社会为弱势群体创造便利时，可能也会同时帮助其他群体，从而惠及所有人。
【8题详解】
短语猜测题。根据第三段中画线词前一句“That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps to help them move along city blocks without assistance.(对于坐轮椅的人来说，这是一件大事，因为没有坡道可以帮助他们在没有帮助的情况下沿着城市街区移动。)”可知，在没有坡道时，坐轮椅的人没有办法上下路缘，这里一位残疾人权益领导说一个六英尺高的路缘“might as well have been Mount Everest”，即相当于珠穆朗玛峰，由此可推测出，这暗示了一个六英尺高的路缘对坐轮椅的人来说是一个难以通过的障碍。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as ‘a zero-sum game(零和游戏)’ and that it is commonly believed that there is a ‘prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.’(Blackwell正确地指出，许多人将公平视为‘零和游戏’，人们普遍认为存在‘有成见的社会怀疑：故意支持一个群体会伤害另一个群体。’)”可知，许多人认为公平是“零和游戏”，即一方的收益必然造成另一方的损失，他们普遍认为故意支持一个群体会伤害另一个群体。由此可推测出，许多人认为公平对待所有人是不可能的。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that ‘when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.’(不过，Blackwell说，路缘坡效应表明，‘当社会创造环境，让那些落后的人能够充分参与并做出贡献时，每个人都会赢。’)”可知，路缘坡效应表明，当社会创造环境，让那些落后的人能够充分参与并做出贡献时，每个人都会赢。结合四个选项可知，代表先进技术中国四大发明传入当时条件落后的西方，让西方国家学习到了新技术，同时为欧洲人开辟新航路、打开世界市场提供了条件，从而给整个世界带来了改变，这是共赢的局面。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，最后一段“So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us.(所以，下次你过马路，或者把行李箱推过人行横道，或者直接骑自行车上人行道时，想想路缘坡，这种设计上的改变打破了对弱势群体的排斥，不仅帮助了这一群体，也帮助了我们所有人。)”进行了总结，路缘坡这种设计不仅帮助了弱势群体，也帮助了所有人，这就是“路缘坡效应”，当我们关心弱势群体时，也可能最后让所有人受益。故选A。
D
Casting blame is natural: it is tempting to fault someone else for a mistake rather than taking responsibility yourself. But blame is also harmful. It makes it less likely that people will own up to mistakes, and thus less likely that organizations can learn from them. Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose managers pointed to external factors to explain their failings underperformed companies that blamed themselves.
Blame culture can spread like a virus. Just as children fear mom and dad’s punishment if they admit to wrongdoing, in a blaming environment, employees are afraid of criticism and punishment if they acknowledge making a mistake at work. Blame culture asks, “who dropped the ball ” instead of “where did our systems and processes fail ” The focus is on the individuals, not the processes. It’s much easier to point fingers at a person or department instead of doing the harder, but the more beneficial, exercise of fixing the root cause, in which case the problem does not happen again.
The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and deficiencies (缺陷) were highlighted by employees as early as possible. It originated in organizations where tiny errors can have catastrophic (灾难性的) consequences. These are known as high reliability organizations (HROs) and include hospitals, submarines and airlines. Because errors can be so disastrous in these organizations, it’s dangerous to operate in an environment where employees don’t feel able to report errors that have been made or raise concerns about that deficiencies may turn into future errors. The No Blame Culture maximizes accountability because all contributions to the event occurring are identified and reviewed for possible change and improvement.
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), which supervises air traffic across the United States, makes it clear that its role is not to assign blame or liability but to find out what went wrong and to issue recommendations to avoid a repeat. The proud record of the airline industry in reducing accidents partly reflects no-blame processes for investigating crashes and close calls. The motive to learn from errors also exist when the risks are lower. That is why software engineers and developers routinely investigate what went wrong if a website crashes or a server goes down.
There is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. What if the website keeps crashing and the same person is at fault Sometimes, after all, blame is deserved. The idea of the “just culture”, a framework developed in the 1990s by James Reason, a psychologist, addresses the concern that the incompetent and the malevolent (恶意的) will be let off the hook. The line that Britain’s aviation regulator draws between honest errors and the other sort is a good starting-point. It promises a culture in which people “are not punished for actions or decisions taken by them that match with their experience and training”. That narrows room for blame but does not remove it entirely.
12. According to the research published in 2015, companies that ______ had better performance.
A. blamed external factors B. admitted their mistakes
C. conducted investigations D. punished the under performers
13. According to the passage, what do you learn about the No Blame Culture
A. It encourages the early disclosure of errors.
B. It only exists in high reliability organizations.
C. It enables people to shift the blame onto others.
D. It prevents organizations from making any error.
14. What is the major concern about embracing blamelessness according to the passage
A. Innocent people might take the blame by admitting their failure.
B. Being blamed for mistakes can destroy trust in employees.
C. The line between honest errors and the other sort is not clear.
D. People won’t learn their lessons if they aren’t blamed for failures.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. Why We Fail to Learn from Our Own Mistakes
B. How to Avoid Disastrous Errors in Organizations
C. Why We Should Stop the Blame Game at Work
D. How to Deal with Workplace Blame Culture
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了工作中的责备问题，说明工作中不能一味地指责别人。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose managers pointed to external factors to explain their failings underperformed companies that blamed themselves. (2015年发表的研究表明，那些经理们指出外部因素来解释自己失败的公司表现不如那些自责的公司。)”可知，研究表明，承认自己错误的公司业绩更好。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and deficiencies (缺陷) were highlighted by employees as early as possible. (引入‘无责备文化’，确保员工尽早指出错误和不足。)”可知，“无责备文化”就是鼓励及早披露错误。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. What if the website keeps crashing and the same person is at fault Sometimes, after all, blame is deserved. (人们显然对信奉无可指责感到担忧。如果网站一直崩溃，而罪魁祸首是同一个人，该怎么办？毕竟，有时候，受到责备是罪有应得。)”可知，对于信奉无可指责的担忧是如果人们不因失败而受到责备，他们就不会吸取教训。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Casting blame is natural: it is tempting to fault someone else for a mistake rather than taking responsibility yourself. (责备别人是很自然的：人们总是倾向于把错误归咎于别人，而不是自己承担责任。但是责备也是有害的。)”等内容可知，本文讨论了工作中的责备问题，说明工作中不能一味地指责别人。选项C“为什么我们应该停止工作中的指责游戏”符合主题，故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You’ve reached that special time — you are getting ready to leave your job and move on to the next step in your career. But the end of an employment relationship is not necessarily the end of the relationship — with either the leader or the company. ____16____
I learned this relatively early in my career. At first, I was concerned I might lose my relationship with my now former boss, as I truly liked him.____17____My boss enthusiastically stayed in touch with me, and I helped him onboard my replacement and consulted on other projects. And now, more than 2 decades since I left, we are still in communication and friends.
That isn’t to say it always goes like this. When I left another role, in spite of my desire to maintain communication, my former supervisor seemed indifferent and the relationship ended. Sometimes your boss was a nightmare and you want to end the relationship. ____18____ You don’t owe the bad bosses anything. That’s exactly what I did when I was fired from a freelance role after I asked to be paid for my completed work!
But for the good bosses and organizations, the ones that invested in your talent and celebrated your achievements, things are different. ____19____ The breakup can become a breakthrough.
____20____ Especially when you have a truly delightful and respectful boss, you may feel guilt, sadness, or regret. But your overall responsibility is to yourself and your career — not to one organization. And given the right circumstances, it is almost always possible — and usually beneficial — to leave gracefully.
A. But it turned out I had no reason to fear.
B. So the way I left contributed to this breakup.
C. It’s completely understandable not to engage further.
D. It is normal to have mixed emotions when you leave a job.
E. Here are some ways to build a win-win with your former leader.
F. The concusion of the employment can start a new era of cooperation.
G. You can leave your company and keep the relationship at the same time.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者结合自身经历说明离职并不一定意味着与前公司和前老板断绝联系，对于好的公司和老板，离职后也可以保持联系，有时也可以是一个新领域的合作。
【16题详解】
根据上一句“But the end of an employment relationship is not necessarily the end of the relationship — with either the leader or the company.(但是，雇佣关系的结束并不一定意味着关系的结束——无论是与领导还是与公司)”可知，离职不一定意味着与公司和领导不再来往，G项“你可以离开你的公司，同时保持这段关系”与上句语义一致，符合语境。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“At first, I was concerned I might lose my relationship with my now former boss, as I truly liked him.(起初，我担心我可能会失去我和我现在的前任老板的关系，因为我真的很喜欢他)”提到，作者离职时担心会和领导断了联系，结合下文“My boss enthusiastically stayed in touch with me(我的老板热情地和我保持联系)”可知，作者起初的担心完全没有必要，A项“但事实证明，我没有理由担心”符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句“That isn’t to say it always goes like this.(这并不是说它总是这样)”可知，本段讲述与上文相反的情况，即离职后不再和老板保持联系，结合空前一句“Sometimes your boss was a nightmare and you want to end the relationship.(有时候你的老板是个噩梦，你想结束这段关系)”可知，如果老板是个噩梦，离职时不再与老板联系是正常的，C项“不进一步接触是完全可以理解的”符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据空前一句“But for the good bosses and organizations, the ones that invested in your talent and celebrated your achievements, things are different.(但是对于好的老板和公司来说，那些投资你的才能并庆祝你的成就的老板和公司，事情就不一样了)”可知，本段与上文是转折关系，讲述从好公司离职后的情况，结合空后“The breakup can become a breakthrough.(终结可以是一种突破)”可知，F项“雇佣关系的结束可以开启一个新领域的合作”符合语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据空后一句“Especially when you have a truly delightful and respectful boss, you may feel guilt, sadness, or regret.(特别是当你有一个真正令人愉快、尊重你的老板时，你可能会感到内疚、悲伤或后悔)”可知，D项“当你离开一份工作时，有复杂的情绪是很正常的”符合语境。D项中的“mixed emotions”呼应下一句中的“guilt, sadness, or regret”。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While doing some cleaning in my kitchen, I noticed a tiny black pellet(小球)on the shelf. Gecko(壁虎)dropping, I ___21___. There must be a baby gecko here.
There are lots of geckos here in the Desert Southwest. I’d ___22___ the habit of checking the oven and dishwasher before I turned them on. I didn’t want one of the little guys to get ___23___.
Nevertheless, the oven or the dishwasher wasn’t the biggest ___24___ for a gecko inside a home. It was ___25___. A gecko trapped in a house wouldn’t find enough bugs to eat. I didn’t want that to happen to my current visitor. But to save him, I had to find him first. And that would be ___26___.
I searched everywhere in the ___27___, but useless. Suddenly, a picture flashed in my mind: a pile of ___28___. “Yes, I know where that is!”I have a basket that holds my collection of oddly shaped or uniquely coloured stones, which caught my eye. Ever so carefully, I ___29___ one stone, then another—until I ____30____ a tiny yellow tail!
I brought the whole basket outside and left it on the ground, where I ____31____ the baby gecko could find his way home. When I ____32____ a few hours later, the little gecko was gone.
Now I ____33____ peek(窥视)inside the dishwasher and the oven before turning them on. ____34____, I know I am not the only one looking out for geckos. No ____35____ is too small for us to love.
21. A. remembered B. discovered C. thought D. wished
22. A. approved of B. sought for C. fed on D. got into
23. A. fixed B. touched C. hurt D. lost
24. A. trouble B. danger C. failure D. pleasure
25. A. starvation B. thirst C. climate D. poverty
26. A. different B. simple C. interesting D. tough
27. A. kitchen B. bedroom C. garden D. lab
28. A. books B. woods C. stones D. bottles
29. A. arranged B. grasped C. cleaned D. removed
30. A. dropped B. obtained C. spotted D. rescued
31. A. agreed B. hoped C. feared D. promised
32. A. counted B. checked C. picked D. locked
33. A. even B. never C. still D. already
34. A. Nevertheless B. Instead C. Therefore D. Otherwise
35. A. place B. dream C. human D. creature
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者家在家的厨房发现壁虎，并尽力帮助它的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为是壁虎的粪球掉下来了。A. remembered记得；B. discovered发现；C. thought想，认为；D. wished希望。根据上文“I noticed a tiny black pellet(小球)on the shelf.”可知，作者认为是壁虎的粪球掉在另外架子上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我养成了在打开烤箱和洗碗机之前先检查一下的习惯。A. approved of同意；B. sought for搜寻；C. fed on以…..为食；D. got into进入，养成。根据下文“the habit of checking the oven and dishwasher before I turned them on”可知，作者养成了在打开烤箱和洗碗机之前先检查一下的习惯。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：我不想让其中一个小家伙受伤。A. fixed 固定的；B. touched感动的；C. hurt 受伤的；D. lost丢失的。根据“ I’d 2 the habit of checking the oven and dishwasher before I turned them on.”可知，作者养成了在打开烤箱和洗碗机之前先检查一下的习惯，目的是不想让其中一个小家伙受伤。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，烤箱或洗碗机并不是家里壁虎面临的最大危险。A. trouble麻烦；B. danger危险；C. failure失败；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文“I didn’t want one of the little guys to get ___3___ .”可知，烤箱或洗碗机并不是家里壁虎面临的最大危险。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是饥饿。A. starvation 饥饿；B. thirst口渴；C. climate气候；D. poverty贫穷。根据下文“A gecko trapped in a house wouldn’t find enough bugs to eat.”可知，饥饿是壁虎最大的威胁。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将是很艰难的。A. different不同的；B. simple简单的；C. interesting 有兴趣的；D. tough棘手的，艰难的。根据下文“I searched everywhere in the 7 , but useless.”和常识可知，找到壁虎很难。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在厨房里到处找，但没有用。A. kitchen厨房；B. bedroom卧室；C. garden花园；D. lab实验室。根据上文“While doing some cleaning in my kitchen”可知，作者在厨房里到处找壁虎。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我脑海中闪过一幅画面：一堆石头。A. books书籍；B. woods树林；C. stones石头； D. bottles瓶子。根据下文“one stone”可知，作者突然想到了一堆石头。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常小心地移走了一块石头，然后又移走了另一块——直到我发现了一条黄色的小尾巴！。A. arranged安排；B. grasped掌握；C. cleaned清理；D. removed移除。根据下文“until I ___10___ a tiny yellow tail!”可知，作者非常小心地移走了一块又一块石头。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常小心地移走了一块石头，然后又移走了另一块——直到我发现了一条黄色的小尾巴！。A .dropped掉落；B. obtained获得；C. spotted发现；D. rescued援救。根据下文“where I 11 the baby gecko could find his way home. ”可知，移走石头，作者最后发现了壁虎。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把整个篮子带到外面，放在地上，希望壁虎宝宝能找到回家的路。A. agreed同意；B. hoped希望；C. feared害怕； D. promised承诺。根据上文“I brought the whole basket outside and left it on the ground”可知，作者希望壁虎宝宝能找到回家的路。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，当我检查时，小壁虎不见了。A. counted数数；B. checked核对，检查；C. picked捡起；D. locked锁上。根据下文“a few hours later，the little gecko was gone.”可知，检查时，壁虎不见了。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，在打开洗碗机和烤箱之前，我仍然会偷看它们的内部。A. even甚至；B. never决不；C. still仍然；D. already已经。根据上文“I’d ___2___ the habit of checking the oven and dishwasher before I turned them on.”可知，现在，在打开洗碗机和烤箱之前，作者仍然会偷看它们的内部。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我知道我并不是唯一一个在寻找壁虎的人。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Instead而不是；C. Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据句意可知，前后为转折关系。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何生物都不会太小而让我们无法去爱。A. place地方；B.dream梦想；C. human人类；D. creature生物。根据常识可知，壁虎是生物。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Marrakech (马拉喀什) is the fourth largest city in Morocco and has a rich architectural heritage. However an earthquake in September caused serious damage ____36____ some of them in the city.
The Medina district, the old cultural center of Marrakech, was one of them. ____37____ (add) to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1985, the district is enclosed by 900-year-old walls built of red sandstone that once ____38____ (defend) the city against danger. However, large parts of these walls were damaged in the earthquake and long sections now show deep cracks ____39____ other parts have collapsed.
Apart from ancient walls, Morocco World News reported that the city’s Kharbouch Mosque (清真寺) was almost ____40____ (entire) destroyed. Before the earthquake, it was a cultural center for the city ____41____ dancers and storytellers performed. A local resident ____42____ (tell) The New Arab that the mosque dates back to the 17th century.
After visiting Marrakech ____43____ (follow) the destruction, Eric Falt, an officer at UNESCO, stressed that it was necessary to immediately plan for the ____44____ (construct) of damaged cultural assets (资产). The earthquake’s impact on Marrakech’s cultural heritage _____45_____ (expect) to be a long-term challenge that will require careful restoration efforts, noted Morocco World News.
【答案】36. to 37. Added
38. defended
39. while 40. entirely
41. where 42. told
43. following
44. construction
45. is expected
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了马拉喀什的一些文化遗产在地震中遭到了破坏，包括一些清真寺和文化中心。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，9月份的一场地震对该市的一些建筑造成了严重破坏。cause damage to是固定搭配。故填to。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该地区于1985年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，周围环绕着由红砂岩建造的900年历史的城墙，这些城墙曾经保护城市免受危险。此处为非谓语，动词add和其逻辑主语the district之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。故填Added。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。根据时间状语once可知，此处定语从句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填defended。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，这些墙的大部分在地震中遭到破坏，现在长的裂缝部分现在出现了深深的裂缝，而其他部分已经倒塌。根据句意可知，前后文是对比关系。故填while。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：据《摩洛哥世界新闻》报道，除了古老的城墙外，该市的哈布奇清真寺几乎全部被毁。修饰动词用副词。故填entirely。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：地震前，这里是舞蹈家和说书人表演的城市文化中心。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词a cultural center是地点，应用关系副词where引导，作地点状语。故填where。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：一位当地居民告诉《新阿拉伯人报》，这座清真寺的历史可以追溯到17世纪。根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填told。
【43题详解】
考查现在分词转化的介词。句意：联合国教科文组织官员Eric Falt在毁坏后访问了马拉喀什，强调有必要立即计划重建受损的文化资产。根据句意可知，此处表示“在毁坏之后”，应用其介词形式following表示“在（某事）以后”。故填following。
【44题详解】
考查名词句意：同上。根据前文for the可知，此处应用名词construction(不可数)作介词宾语。故填construction。
【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：《摩洛哥世界新闻》指出，地震对马拉喀什文化遗产的影响预计将是一项长期挑战，需要精心的修复工作。动词expect和主语The earthquake’s impact之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处描述现实情况，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是单数，be动词用is，故填is expected。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，得知中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛，请你写一封邮件邀请同样喜爱科学的外国朋友Peter与你合作，一起参加比赛。内容包括：
1.比赛时间地点；
2.奖励：创新基金；
3.邀请的原因
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
I have a piece of good news for you. China Science and Technology Museum is going to hold a technical invention competition for teenagers. It will take place in the museum on July 8th. The prize for the winner is the innovation fund, which is really useful for those who need money to work on technical inventions. I know you are fond of science and very creative. This is a good chance for you to show your talents and ideas. So would you like to participate in the competition with me We can work together to put our ideas into practice.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Peter写一封邮件邀请他与你合作，一起参加中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→host/launch
比赛：competition→contest
机会：chance→opportunity
喜欢：be fond of→be keen on
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I have a piece of good news for you. China Science and Technology Museum is going to hold a technical invention competition for teenagers.
拓展句：I have a piece of good news for you that China Science and Technology Museum is going to hold a technical invention competition for teenagers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The prize for the winner is the innovation fund, which is really useful for those who need money to work on technical inventions. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】 I know you are fond of science and very creative. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。
A Four-legged Guardian Angel
Snow had just melted off the ground that April day at our house in Regina Beach, Saskatchewan. I had just cleaned up the pool in preparation for selling the house. The year before, I had lost my job with the provincial government, and now our financial situation was grim. In despair, I had finally put the home on the market, and a real estate agent was due to show up later that day. Even worse, I would have to give up my beloved Great Dane (大丹犬), Brigitte, because I could no longer afford the cost of feeding it. The thought of losing the dog and our beautiful home was almost more than I could bear.
Deep in despair, I sat typing up resumes and cover letters. Out of the corner of my eye I could see my thirteen-month-old son, Forrest, as he lay on the carpet, playing near our big, gentle nanny-dog, Brigitte. It seemed as if Brigitte was always meant to be in this family and she turned out to be a perfect companion.
Brigitte came to our house on Christmas eve when the doorbell rang and I was sure some of my Christmas packages had arrived. I ran to the door and swung it open, but no one was there. I sensed something and looked down, only to find a beautiful Great Dane sitting there, looking up at me with big, intelligent eyes. There was no way that she could have rung the doorbell by herself, was there Perhaps, someone had found the puppy somewhere and left her there, and then rang the doorbell and ran away. They accurately guessed I would welcome an additional family member and take care of her.
Thinking of these, I couldn’t help heaving a sigh and went straight back to work. However, I hadn’t typed more than two sentences when Brigitte began barking furiously and running back and forth to the sliding glass door overlooking our pool.
I raced to see what was happening and noticed that the sliding door was slightly open. Suddenly, I realized Forrest was nowhere to be seen. In panic, I opened the door and ran outside.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There I was surprised to see Brigitte, who was terrified of water, dive into the pool.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, the doctor said Forrest was all right and could be released from hospital.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
There I was surprised to see Brigitte, who was terrified of water, dive into the pool. Then to my horror, I caught sight of Forrest’s yellow sleeper. Brigitte was bravely doing her best to keep him afloat by holding on to his sleeper with her mouth. At the same time, she was desperately trying to swim to the shallow end. Only then did I realize that Forrest had somehow opened the door, wandered out and fallen into the pool. In a split second, I dove in, lifted my precious baby out and carried him inside. Hands shaking, I called 911 and we were rushed to the hospital immediately, where the doctor kept him for observation for one night.
Finally, the doctor said Forrest was all right and could be released from hospital. Back home, once Brigitte saw him, she barked with apparent joy and wouldn’t let Forrest out of her sight. In time she settled down, but remained dedicated to Forrest and followed him everywhere, concerned about his safety. Even when Forrest was asleep, Brigitte crammed herself under the crib, keeping a vigil. Our dog was indeed an angel, erasing any despair I might have had about losing our home. A house could always be replaced, but knowing we had each other around was the greatest blessing of all. I was grateful she was part of our lives, who I would never give up.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事为线索展开，讲述了作者失业后经济紧张，不得不卖掉房子并放弃爱犬，绝望之中作者一边打简历和求职信一边从眼角余光看着13个月大的儿子和温柔的大狗布丽吉特玩耍，后来孩子不慎掉进了水里，爱犬把孩子救了的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在那里，我惊讶地看到害怕水的布丽吉特跳进了游泳池。”可知，第一段可描写Forrest掉进水里，布丽吉特跳进水里救起了他，以及作者的感受并赶紧把儿子送去了医院。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，医生说福雷斯特没事，可以出院了。”可知，第二段可描写回家后狗和作者的儿子友好相处的场景以及作者的感受并决定不会放弃布丽吉特。
2.续写线索：儿子掉进水里—狗救了孩子—送去医院—狗和孩子友好相处—决定不放弃狗
3.词汇激活
行为类
看见：catch sight of/ clap eyes on
竭尽全力：do one’s best/try one’s best
意识到：realize/be aware
情绪类
恐惧的：to one’s horror/to one’s fright
感激：be grateful/be thankful/be appreciative
【点睛】【高分句型1】Only then did I realize that Forrest had somehow opened the door, wandered out and fallen into the pool.（运用了了倒装句和that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Hands shaking, I called 911 and we were rushed to the hospital immediately, where the doctor kept him for observation for one night.（运用了独立主格结构，where引导定语从句）厦门一中2024届高三年英语科期中考试卷
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman probably do later
A. See her grandma. B. Cook noodles. C. Wash the pot.
2. What color may the new curtains be
A. Green. B. Yellow. C. Blue.
3. What time is the man likely to get the package
A. Before 6:00 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. After 8:00 pm.
4. Who will return the books
A. Jenny. B. Carl. C. Kate.
5. How did Janet find the trip
A. Tiring. B. Exciting. C. Disappointing.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How much do the meals cost
A. 100 dollars. B. 260 dollars. C. 660 dollars.
7. What will the man do tonight
A. See some friends. B. Keep the luggage. C. Leave for London.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What day is it today
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
9. What does the man want to buy
A. Toys. B. Clothes. C. Beef.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Customer and shopkeeper. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a tailor shop. B. In a fitness club. C. On a sports field.
12. What attracts the woman most
A. Personal guidance. B. Health assessment. C. Quality equipment.
13. Which membership does the woman choose
A. One month. B. Half a year. C. One year.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does Alice come today
A. To inquire about a scholarship. B. To ask for a recommendation. C. To hand in an application.
15. Which is a requirement for this scholarship
A. Being a junior. B. Being a foreigner. C. A GPA higher than 3.9.
16. What does the man think of Alice’s chance of winning the scholarship
A Fairly slim. B. Fifty-fifty. C. Pretty high.
17. When might Alice get the feedback
A. Tomorrow morning. B. Before the weekend. C. Next week.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does Ann do
A. A nurse. B. An officer. C. A stewardess.
19. What helped Ann sense details
A. Passengers’ demands. B. Her medical background. C. Her approach to work.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A Her double life. B. Her volunteer experience. C. Her childhood dream.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
FIVE UNUSUAL SPORTS
What sports are you into Football Tennis Swimming If you’re looking for a change, you might like to try one of these.
Octopush
Octopush (or underwater hockey as it’s also known) is a form of hockey that’s played in a swimming pool. Participants wear a mask and snorkel and try to move a puck (水球) across the bottom of a pool. The sport has become popular in countries such as the UK, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. An ability to hold your breath for long periods of time is a definite plus.
Zoobombing
Zoobombing involves riding a children’s bike down a steep hill. The sport originated in the US city of Portland in Oregon in 2002. Participants carry their bikes on the MAX Light Rail and go to the Washington Park station next to Oregon Zoo (which is why it’s called “zoobombing”). From there, they take a lift to the surface, and then ride the mini-bikes down the hills in the area.
Office Chair Racing
Office Chair Racing consists of racing down a hill in office chairs that can reach speeds of up to 30kph. Strict rules are in place for competitors: they’re allowed to fit in-line skate wheels and handles to their chairs, but no motors. “We check each chair carefully in advance,”one of the organizers explained. The participants race in pairs wearing protective padding as they launch themselves from a ramp (坡道). Prizes are given to the fastest competitors and also for the best-designed chairs.
Fit 4 Drums
Fit 4 Drums is a new form of cardio-rhythmic exercise. Led by an instructor, the class involves beating a specially-designed drum with two sticks while dancing at the same time. It’s the first group fitness activity where you get to play a drum while getting an intense workout. A sense of rhythm is a definite advantage!
Horse Boarding
Horse Boarding involves being towed behind a horse at 35mph on an off-road skateboard. Professional stuntman Daniel Fowler Prime invented the sport after he strung a rope between his off-road “mountain board” and a horse. Participants stand on a board while holding onto a rope, attempting to maintain their balance as the horse gallops (疾驰) ahead. “The horse rider and the horse have to work together because if they don’t, the horse goes flying,”Daniel explained.
So, which sport would you like to try
1. What do you need to do if you want to play Octopush
A. Swim on the surface of the water. B. Hold your breath before the sport.
C. Play it by the side of the seashore. D. Wear underwater breathing devices.
2. Which activity will you choose if you want to take part in collective fitness
A Zoobombing B. Office Chair Racing
C. Fit 4 Drums D. Horse Boarding
3. What proverb does Horse Boarding tell us
A. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.
B. Never let your feet run faster than your shoes.
C. The bigger they come, the harder they fall.
D. Every chess master was once a beginner.
B
Eliana Yi dreamed of pursuing piano performance in college, never mind that her fingers could barely reach the length of an octave (八度音阶). Unable to fully play many works by Romantic-era composers, including Beethoven and Brahms, she tried anyway — and in her determination to spend hours practicing one of Chopin’s compositions which is known for being “stretchy”, wound up injuring herself.
“I would just go to pieces,” the Southern Methodist University junior recalled. “There were just too many octaves. I wondered whether I was just going to play Bach and Mozart for the rest of my life.”
The efforts of SMU keyboard studies chair Carol Leone are changing all that. Twenty years ago, the school became the first major university in the U.S. to incorporate smaller keyboards into its music program, leveling the playing field for Yi and other piano majors.
Yi reflected on the first time she tried one of the smaller keyboards: “I remember being really excited because my hands could actually reach and play all the right notes,” she said. Ever since, “I haven’t had a single injury, and I can practice as long as I want.”
For decades, few questioned the size of the conventional piano. If someone’s hand span was less than 8.5 inches — the distance considered ideal to comfortably play an octave — well, that’s just how it was.
Those who attempt “stretchy” passages either get used to omitting notes or risk tendon (腱) injury with repeated play. Leone is familiar with such challenges. Born into a family of jazz musicians, she instead favored classical music and pursued piano despite her small hand span and earned a doctorate in musical arts.
A few years after joining SMU’s music faculty in 1996, the decorated pianist read an article in Piano and Keyboard magazine about the smaller keyboards. As Leone would later write, the discovery would completely renew her life and career.
In 2000, she received a grant to retrofit a department Steinway to accommodate a smaller keyboard, and the benefits were immediate. In addition to relieving injury caused by overextended fingers, she said, it gave those with smaller spans the ability to play classic compositions taken for granted by larger-handed counterparts.
Smaller keyboards instill many with new confidence. It’s not their own limitations that have held them back, they realize; it’s the limitations of the instruments themselves. For those devoted to a life of making music, it’s as if a cloud has suddenly lifted.
4. What is the similarity between Eliana Yi and Carol Leone
A. Their interest in jazz extended to classical music.
B. Short hand span used to restrict their music career.
C. They both joined SMU’s music faculty years ago.
D. Romantic-era composers’ music was easy for them.
5. Why did SMU initiate an effort to scale down the piano
A. To reduce the number of octaves.
B. To incorporate Bach into its music program.
C. To provide fair opportunities for piano majors.
D. To encourage pianists to spend more hours practicing.
6. How did Yi probably feel when she played the retrofitted piano
A. Confident. B. Frustrated. C. Challenging. D. Determined.
7. Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A Who Qualifies as an Ideal Pianist
B. Traditional or Innovative Piano
C. Hard-working Pianists Pays off
D. The Story behind Retrofitted Pianos
C
The curb cut (路缘坡). It’s a convenience that most of us rarely, if ever, notice. Yet, without it, daily life might be a lot harder—in more ways than one. Pushing a baby stroller onto the curb, skateboarding onto a sidewalk or taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to your car—all these tasks are easier because of the curb cut.
But it was created with a different purpose in mind.
It’s hard to imagine today, but back in the 1970s, most sidewalks in the United States ended with a sharp drop-off. That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps to help them move along city blocks without assistance. According to one disability rights leader, a six-inch curb “might as well have been Mount Everest”. So, activists from Berkeley, California, who also needed wheelchairs, organized a campaign to create tiny ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently.
I think about the “curb cut effect” a lot when working on issues around health equity (公平). The first time I even heard about the curb cut was in a 2017 Stanford Social Innovation Review piece by Policy Link CEO Angela Blackwell. Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as “a zero-sum game (零和游戏)” and that it is commonly believed that there is a “prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.” What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that “when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.”
There are multiple examples of this principle at work. For example, investing in policies that create more living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that have limited options. But, the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone. Even the football huddle (密商) was initially created to help deaf football players at Gallaudet College keep their game plans secret from opponents who could have read their sign language. Today, it’s used by every team to prevent the opponent from learning about game-winning strategies.
So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us.
8. What does the underlined quote from the disability rights leader imply concerning a six-inch curb
A. It is an unforgettable symbol. B. It is an impassable barrier.
C. It is an important sign. D. It is an impressive landmark.
9. According to Angela Blackwell, what do many people believe
A. It’s not worthwhile to promote health equity.
B. It’s necessary to go all out to help the disabled.
C. It’s impossible to have everyone treated equally.
D. It’s fair to give the disadvantaged more help than others.
10. Which of the following examples best illustrates the “curb cut effect” principle
A. Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth.
B. Four great inventions of China spread to the west.
C. Christopher Columbus discovered the new world.
D. Classic literature got translated into many languages.
11. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage
A. Caring for disadvantaged groups may finally benefit all.
B. Action empowers those with opportunities for better solutions.
C. Society should create circumstances that get everyone involved.
D. Everyday items are originally invented for people in need of help.
D
Casting blame is natural: it is tempting to fault someone else for a mistake rather than taking responsibility yourself. But blame is also harmful. It makes it less likely that people will own up to mistakes, and thus less likely that organizations can learn from them. Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose managers pointed to external factors to explain their failings underperformed companies that blamed themselves.
Blame culture can spread like a virus. Just as children fear mom and dad’s punishment if they admit to wrongdoing, in a blaming environment, employees are afraid of criticism and punishment if they acknowledge making a mistake at work. Blame culture asks, “who dropped the ball ” instead of “where did our systems and processes fail ” The focus is on the individuals, not the processes. It’s much easier to point fingers at a person or department instead of doing the harder, but the more beneficial, exercise of fixing the root cause, in which case the problem does not happen again.
The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and deficiencies (缺陷) were highlighted by employees as early as possible. It originated in organizations where tiny errors can have catastrophic (灾难性的) consequences. These are known as high reliability organizations (HROs) and include hospitals, submarines and airlines. Because errors can be so disastrous in these organizations, it’s dangerous to operate in an environment where employees don’t feel able to report errors that have been made or raise concerns about that deficiencies may turn into future errors. The No Blame Culture maximizes accountability because all contributions to the event occurring are identified and reviewed for possible change and improvement.
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) which supervises air traffic across the United States, makes it clear that its role is not to assign blame or liability but to find out what went wrong and to issue recommendations to avoid a repeat. The proud record of the airline industry in reducing accidents partly reflects no-blame processes for investigating crashes and close calls. The motive to learn from errors also exist when the risks are lower. That is why software engineers and developers routinely investigate what went wrong if a website crashes or a server goes down.
There is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. What if the website keeps crashing and the same person is at fault Sometimes, after all, blame is deserved. The idea of the “just culture”, a framework developed in the 1990s by James Reason, a psychologist, addresses the concern that the incompetent and the malevolent (恶意的) will be let off the hook. The line that Britain’s aviation regulator draws between honest errors and the other sort is a good starting-point. It promises a culture in which people “are not punished for actions or decisions taken by them that match with their experience and training”. That narrows room for blame but does not remove it entirely.
12. According to the research published in 2015, companies that ______ had better performance.
A. blamed external factors B. admitted their mistakes
C. conducted investigations D. punished the under performers
13. According to the passage, what do you learn about the No Blame Culture
A. It encourages the early disclosure of errors.
B. It only exists in high reliability organizations.
C. It enables people to shift the blame onto others.
D. It prevents organizations from making any error.
14. What is the major concern about embracing blamelessness according to the passage
A. Innocent people might take the blame by admitting their failure.
B. Being blamed for mistakes can destroy trust in employees.
C. The line between honest errors and the other sort is not clear.
D. People won’t learn their lessons if they aren’t blamed for failures.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. Why We Fail to Learn from Our Own Mistakes
B. How to Avoid Disastrous Errors in Organizations
C. Why We Should Stop the Blame Game at Work
D. How to Deal with Workplace Blame Culture
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You’ve reached that special time — you are getting ready to leave your job and move on to the next step in your career. But the end of an employment relationship is not necessarily the end of the relationship — with either the leader or the company. ____16____
I learned this relatively early in my career. At first, I was concerned I might lose my relationship with my now former boss, as I truly liked him.____17____My boss enthusiastically stayed in touch with me, and I helped him onboard my replacement and consulted on other projects. And now, more than 2 decades since I left, we are still in communication and friends.
That isn’t to say it always goes like this. When I left another role, in spite of my desire to maintain communication, my former supervisor seemed indifferent and the relationship ended. Sometimes your boss was a nightmare and you want to end the relationship. ____18____ You don’t owe the bad bosses anything. That’s exactly what I did when I was fired from a freelance role after I asked to be paid for my completed work!
But for the good bosses and organizations, the ones that invested in your talent and celebrated your achievements, things are different. ____19____ The breakup can become a breakthrough.
____20____ Especially when you have a truly delightful and respectful boss, you may feel guilt, sadness, or regret. But your overall responsibility is to yourself and your career — not to one organization. And given the right circumstances, it is almost always possible — and usually beneficial — to leave gracefully.
A. But it turned out I had no reason to fear.
B. So the way I left contributed to this breakup.
C. It’s completely understandable not to engage further.
D. It is normal to have mixed emotions when you leave a job.
E. Here are some ways to build a win-win with your former leader.
F. The concusion of the employment can start a new era of cooperation.
G. You can leave your company and keep the relationship at the same time.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While doing some cleaning in my kitchen, I noticed a tiny black pellet(小球)on the shelf. Gecko(壁虎)dropping, I ___21___. There must be a baby gecko here.
There are lots of geckos here in the Desert Southwest. I’d ___22___ the habit of checking the oven and dishwasher before I turned them on. I didn’t want one of the little guys to get ___23___.
Nevertheless, the oven or the dishwasher wasn’t the biggest ___24___ for a gecko inside a home. It was ___25___. A gecko trapped in a house wouldn’t find enough bugs to eat. I didn’t want that to happen to my current visitor. But to save him, I had to find him first. And that would be ___26___.
I searched everywhere in the ___27___, but useless. Suddenly, a picture flashed in my mind: a pile of ___28___. “Yes, I know where that is!”I have a basket that holds my collection of oddly shaped or uniquely coloured stones, which caught my eye. Ever so carefully, I ___29___ one stone, then another—until I ____30____ a tiny yellow tail!
I brought the whole basket outside and left it on the ground, where I ____31____ the baby gecko could find his way home. When I ____32____ a few hours later, the little gecko was gone.
Now I ____33____ peek(窥视)inside the dishwasher and the oven before turning them on. ____34____, I know I am not the only one looking out for geckos. No ____35____ is too small for us to love.
21. A. remembered B. discovered C. thought D. wished
22. A. approved of B. sought for C. fed on D. got into
23. A. fixed B. touched C. hurt D. lost
24. A. trouble B. danger C. failure D. pleasure
25. A. starvation B. thirst C. climate D. poverty
26. A. different B. simple C. interesting D. tough
27. A. kitchen B. bedroom C. garden D. lab
28. A. books B. woods C. stones D. bottles
29. A. arranged B. grasped C. cleaned D. removed
30. A. dropped B. obtained C. spotted D. rescued
31. A. agreed B. hoped C. feared D. promised
32. A. counted B. checked C. picked D. locked
33. A. even B. never C. still D. already
34. A. Nevertheless B. Instead C. Therefore D. Otherwise
35. A. place B. dream C. human D. creature
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Marrakech (马拉喀什) is the fourth largest city in Morocco and has a rich architectural heritage. However, an earthquake in September caused serious damage ____36____ some of them in the city.
The Medina district, the old cultural center of Marrakech, was one of them. ____37____ (add) to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1985, the district is enclosed by 900-year-old walls built of red sandstone that once ____38____ (defend) the city against danger. However, large parts of these walls were damaged in the earthquake and long sections now show deep cracks ____39____ other parts have collapsed.
Apart from ancient walls, Morocco World News reported that the city’s Kharbouch Mosque (清真寺) was almost ____40____ (entire) destroyed. Before the earthquake, it was a cultural center for the city ____41____ dancers and storytellers performed. A local resident ____42____ (tell) The New Arab that the mosque dates back to the 17th century.
After visiting Marrakech ____43____ (follow) the destruction, Eric Falt, an officer at UNESCO, stressed that it was necessary to immediately plan for the ____44____ (construct) of damaged cultural assets (资产). The earthquake’s impact on Marrakech’s cultural heritage _____45_____ (expect) to be a long-term challenge that will require careful restoration efforts, noted Morocco World News.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，得知中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛，请你写一封邮件邀请同样喜爱科学的外国朋友Peter与你合作，一起参加比赛。内容包括：
1.比赛时间地点；
2.奖励：创新基金；
3.邀请的原因
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。
A Four-legged Guardian Angel
Snow had just melted off the ground that April day at our house in Regina Beach, Saskatchewan. I had just cleaned up the pool in preparation for selling the house. The year before, I had lost my job with the provincial government, and now our financial situation was grim. In despair, I had finally put the home on the market, and a real estate agent was due to show up later that day. Even worse, I would have to give up my beloved Great Dane (大丹犬), Brigitte, because I could no longer afford the cost of feeding it. The thought of losing the dog and our beautiful home was almost more than I could bear.
Deep in despair, I sat typing up resumes and cover letters. Out of the corner of my eye I could see my thirteen-month-old son, Forrest, as he lay on the carpet, playing near our big, gentle nanny-dog, Brigitte. It seemed as if Brigitte was always meant to be in this family and she turned out to be a perfect companion.
Brigitte came to our house on Christmas eve when the doorbell rang and I was sure some of my Christmas packages had arrived. I ran to the door and swung it open, but no one was there. I sensed something and looked down, only to find a beautiful Great Dane sitting there, looking up at me with big, intelligent eyes. There was no way that she could have rung the doorbell by herself, was there Perhaps, someone had found the puppy somewhere and left her there, and then rang the doorbell and ran away. They accurately guessed I would welcome an additional family member and take care of her.
Thinking of these, I couldn’t help heaving a sigh and went straight back to work. However, I hadn’t typed more than two sentences when Brigitte began barking furiously and running back and forth to the sliding glass door overlooking our pool.
I raced to see what was happening and noticed that the sliding door was slightly open. Suddenly, I realized Forrest was nowhere to be seen. In panic, I opened the door and ran outside.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There I was surprised to see Brigitte, who was terrified of water, dive into the pool.
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Finally, the doctor said Forrest was all right and could be released from hospital.
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