卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站北京市2023-2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高二年级 英语学科 (时长：90分钟）
班级： 姓名：
考查目标
知识：选择性必修一 Unit1至 Unit4 的词汇、语法
能力：阅读能力、写作能力
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节：完型填空（共 10 题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选
出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In 2007, Whitmore was considered one of the most successful athletes in
America. However, everything changed during a triathlon (三项全能) that seemed
like so many others she had 1 _. “Once I got off the bike and began the running
portion, it was hard to pick up my legs. I knew something wasn’t right.” Whitmore
tells Reader’s Digest, “I didn’t have any symptoms (症状) as long as I wasn’t
running. But every time I tried again the muscles were super tight.” Assuming she’d
simply 2 _ herself too hard in the last race, Whitmore shrugged off the pain.
It wasn’t until a 3 _ night at a sports camp in Arizona that Whitmore says
she knew something was 4 _ wrong. Then she went to hospital. After
examination, she was quickly 5 _. What doctors found during
surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had spindle cell sarcoma (梭形细胞肉瘤).
When she heard the diagnosis for the first time, Whitmore says time stood 6 _.
“I couldn’t breathe. They were talking about treatment and I just started crying and
saying ‘I don't want to die !’” Waking up after the surgery, she was even more
shocked to find out she, a/an 7 _ athlete, wouldn’t have the use of her leg
anymore from the knee down.
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Whitmore now had drop foot and had to learn to walk again with the help of a
physical therapist (治疗学家). In the following days, Whitmore endured a punishing
two-month 8 _, after which her scans were coming back clear of cancer. To
her joy, she was pregnant with twins. Now, she is a mother of two sons
and competing again, and has won a gold medal in the Paralympics. Whitmore has
some words of advice for others with 9 _: “Never let anyone tell you what you
can and cannot do. You have to 10 _ yourself.”
1. A. conquered B. liked C. attempted D. watched
2. A. pulled B. pushed C. forced D. drawn
3. A. tiring B. dark C. hopeless D. sleepless
4. A. particularly B. slightly C. seriously D. merely
5. A. admitted B. defeated C. convinced D. observed
6. A. calm B. quiet C. unchanged D. still
7. A. amateur B. professional C. happy D. determined
8. A. recovery B. practice C. development D. operation
9. A. disadvantages B. troubles C. shortcomings D. limitations
10. A. live off B. set out C. find out D. insist on
第二节：语法填空（共 10 题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适
当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Using a lower temperature ______11______ (draw) out the extract, she found a
substance that worked. After ______12______ (fail) more than 190 times, the team
finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing
the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine
______13______ (test) on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine,
______14______ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for
malaria.
B
Today, we have to use ______15______ (switch) for our lights, knobs for our
appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we
will be using ______16______ (advance) technology every day for automatic control
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of just about everything in our home. The future home will use integrated sensors to
tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode
all ______17______ itself.
C
Along a great part of this track is the ______18______ (surprise) waterfalls
which hikers pass by. These include Empress Falls. It is a wonderful waterfall in the
Valley of the Waters. It ______19______ (go) down a series of rocks to a pool. These
are stepping stones for hikers to cross the falls and some shady spots
______20______ tired travelers can rest.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，30 分）
第一节（共 10 题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选
项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
“Hearing loss is isolating and makes you feel invisible. To understand again
is a miracle. Thank you Hearing Help. Express!” Joanne-Park City, UT.
Do you need lots of power packed into a small hearing aid with a budget
friendly price
Our Ranger-7600 hearing aid is packed with advanced American-Made
electronics PLUS the extra power needed for those with moderate to serious
hearing loss. Our Ranger-7600 significantly outshines other models in terms of
technology and value. You get impressive sound quality, better hearing, and
improved understanding.
You buy direct from Hearing Help Express, owned by IntriCon, a Class III
medical device company that develops, designs, and manufactures hearing aids for
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ENT’s and audiologists. This allows us to provide you with superior products at
manufacturer-direct prices, saving you over 80% compared to local hearing aid
stores.
A credit card is required to start your Risk-Free trial. Your card WILL NOT
be charged during trial.
21. What is the function of the device mentioned in the passage
A. To make users visible again.
B. To help users understand a miracle.
C. To make users speak again.
D. To help users communicate better.
22. Which of the following is NOT one of the features the product has
A. Direct buying from the manufacturer can be made.
B. Free support from licensed professionals is available.
C. It can replace a smartphone for daily communication.
D. Technology makes sound control easy and convenient.
23. If you want to start a home trial, you are supposed to ____________.
A. buy the product in local hearing aid stores
B. offer your credit card to start a risk-free trial
C. apply to the manufacturer for a telephone setting
D. consult the company online about the discount
B
Success and Risk in Extreme Sports
What is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for
the safety of the sidelines
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Lester Keller, sports-psychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental
makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling
that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much
higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Keller that “the high
element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can
take yourself”. He said he would get nervous on some of the courses, but that this
would just make him fight more.
Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline
(肾上腺素) rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme
athletes, Emily Cook’s appetite for risk appeared at a young age. “I was a gymnast,”
she said. “I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you
were upside down.” As she started doing harder tricks, she was drawn to the
challenge. “There are moments when you’re up there doing a new trick and it seems
like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just the coolest feeling in the world.”
Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To
me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step
in an activity that they’ve prepared for years.” Murphy said the view of extreme
athletes is different from our own. “We look at a risky situation and know that if we
were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes’ view, they
have a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk.”
Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred to as “the
flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind
completely on the present. “Something that makes you try doing a tougher climb
than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated
on what you’re doing,” Murphy says. “After it’s over, there’s great excitement.”
People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may
always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a
tennis ball around, because that’s my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might
need the challenge of Olympic competition.”
24. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions
A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges.
B. They are more fortunate than other sportspeople.
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C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasons that others can’t easily understand.
25. What main point is made in Paragraph 5
A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people don’t use.
B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports.
C. Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks.
D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely.
26. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoid
B. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need to be better than others
D. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people think
C
The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear
some resemblance to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with
something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with
their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time
magazine hailed (称赞 ) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we
interact with machines.” But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good
thing, especially for children
Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this. People
have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing
with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists
sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate (赋予…生
命) dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more
imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.
Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today’s
robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In
reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the
robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive
of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create “a deeper and
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deeper emotional connection ... And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that.”
What is the point of this, exactly What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting
something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected
by something that doesn’t even know it is neglecting you
This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to
empathize with children. Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others,
to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they
cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures “say” or squeak,
they don’t understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy
machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born,
they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot
feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.
What is also troubling is that children take robots’ behavior to indicate feelings.
When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like
them, and when robots don’t work when needed, children also take it personally.
Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem (自尊). In one study, an
8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot
liked his brothers better.
For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help
but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal
with the emotional downside of living with robots that “feel.”
27. How are the new social robots different from Siri
A. They are intended to teach children how to talk.
B. They are designed to attract people with their smarts.
C. Their main function is to evaluate children’s personality.
D. They have a new way to communicate with human beings.
28. In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots
______.
A. are deeply connected with human beings
B. are unable to build a real relationship with children
C. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings
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D. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children
29. The underlined phrase “essential equipment” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.
A. emotion B. pain C. fear D. thinking
30. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage
A. B.
C. D.
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
第二节（共 5 题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选
项中有两项为多余选项。
The teenage years are probably the most unsettled and stressful years in a
person's life. Teens experience significant physical, emotional, social and cognitive
changes. And teens of today face more challenges as they go through more uncertain
times of the 21st century. ______31______
As teens experience massive physical, social and emotional changes, the
challenges are managing social expectations of ideal body images, developing their
identity and finding their place in the world. In the past, a teen who was criticized
for his or her larger figure or pimpled (有粉刺的) face, might feel embarrassed and
depressed in school. ______32______ Constant comparison and endless posts of
picture—perfect images and lives—give teens greater pressure to follow current
fashion trends. The Wall Street Journal reported that Instagram made body images
worse for one in three teenage girls.
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______33______ Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place
on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter,
where cyber bullies make emotionally hurtful comments. These can be made
publicly on a teen's social media account. ______34______ As a result, cyber
bullying can be more threatening than traditional bullying because it can be shared
and viewed repeatedly on social media. In this age of social media, it is also
important for teens to learn to develop positive, and healthy relationships with people.
There have been many discussions about new technologies and ways of
working, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, which will impact future
jobs. ______35______ Unlike in the past, the situation is different today as AI and
automation are causing some jobs to disappear. Teens will have to meet this challenge
by adopting an attitude of lifelong learning, and keeping paces with technology.
A. They can also be spread quickly by sharing with others.
B. Furthermore, social media has taken bullying to a new level.
C. The future has always been a dreamland for teens to expect.
D. Today, these same sufferings can be expanded by social media.
E. Social media, and technological advances are posing new challenges.
F. Additionally, social media is a strong tool for a teen to defend himself.
G. The challenge for a teen today is preparing for a largely unknown future.
第三部分：书面表达（共三节，40 分）
第一节：根据句子语境，选用方框中单词填空。（共 16 题；每小题 0.5 分, 满
分 8 分）
academy objective evaluate encounter secure routine
36. These smart homes will keep us _______________, save us energy, and provide
a more comfortable environment to live in.
37. Your home will also learn your daily ________________ and preferences, so
everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
38. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the
________________ of discovering a new treatment for malaria.
39. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and ________________ 280,
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000 plants for their medical properties.
40. All incoming students at the ________________ are required to take a college
writing class in their first term.
41. In fact, Einstein often ________________ people on the street who would stop
him and ask him to help explain things.
critical advocate prospect adopt stretch
42. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I’ve ________________ some of their habits.
43. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and
Heilongjiang, with boundaries ________________ all the way to the border and
joining with Russia’s wildlife reserves.
44. The Amish people ________________ a simple life with an emphasis on hard
work, family, and community.
45. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary
________________.
46. They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a
________________ illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
enormous demonstrate interaction break down ultimately
47. In Japan, it may ________________ respect to look down when talking to an
older person.
48. She hopes to build bridges and ________________ misunderstandings between
different cultures.
49. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in
our ________________ with other people.
50. ________________, my duty is helping every student to learn.
51. Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from ________________
swinging ships to scary fall drops.
第二节：阅读表达（共 4 小题 12 分；第 52、53 题各 2 分，第 54 题 3 分，第
55 题 5 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
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In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is
that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used
to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works and a sense of
whether you may have fallen into the same trap：People are given a box of tacks（大
头钉） and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so
that it burns properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or
lighting it to fix it with melted wax（石蜡）.The tacks are too short, and the candle
doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task The successful
technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall,
and stand the candle inside it.
To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just
for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because
we all suffer — to one degree or another — from functional fixedness. The inability
to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist
Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that
we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such
accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their world view,
even when there was enough evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do
with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.”
Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine.
If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced
physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American
Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative
novices.
52. What does “functional fixedness” mean
53. How is the candle attached to the wall
54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and
explain why.
·Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people as well as those with high
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IQ although frozen thinking has much to do with intelligence.
55. How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life？(In about 40 words)
第三节：书面表达（共 1 小题，20 分）
假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华，你的英国笔友 David 计划 11 月来北
京旅行，请你推荐适合他游玩的公园。请给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1. 推荐一个公园；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 游览建议。
注意：
(1)词数 100左右（开头和结尾均已给出，不计入总词数）；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
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Yours,
Li Hua
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