2023-2024广东省广州市重点中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版）

2023-2024学年度第一学期高一级英语科
期中考试试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共12页，满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
一、听力(共2节，满分15分)
第一节 听力理解(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第1至2题。
1. How does the man usually go to work
A. By car. B. By bike. C. By subway.
2. What will the man start doing next month
A. Learning to drive. B. Travelling around the world. C. Looking for a new apartment.
听下面一段对话，回答第3至4题。
3. At what price was The Scream sold
A. 82. 5 million dollars. B. 119. 9 million dollars. C. 106. 5 million dollars.
4. What does the woman say about the paintings
A. Their commercial value always changes.
B. They’re becoming more valuable than before.
C. They get much appreciation from personal collectors.
听下面一段对话，回答第5至7题。
5. What docs the woman think of studying in France
A. It’s surprising. B. It’s worthwhile. C. It’s disappointing.
6. Where does the woman advise the man to-live when studying abroad
A. In the school dormitory. B. In a host family. C. In a rented apartment.
7. What did the man do yesterday morning
A. He surfed the Internet. B. He handed in his application form.
C. He went to the Study-Abroad Center.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. How did the man find the plastic component business
A. It was tiring. B. It was boring. C. It was interesting.
9. What inspired the man to set up Cliche
A. Eye shadow. B. A wedding dress. C. Plastic drinking straws.
10. What did the man do to get Cliche started
A. He sold the products by himself. B. He gave the concept to a big firm.
C. He cooperated with a famous company.
第二节 听取信息(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为11-15的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅读时间，录音读两遍。你将有80秒的作答时间。(请将本节答案写在答卷上)
Fire at the Battery Park ● Location The reporter is at the corner of Greenwood and Pine, which is about 11. _______ away from the fire. ● Rescue work 12. _______ and the police are helping those who could not make it outside without assistance. ● Details ☆ The fire began 13. _______ after the bakery closed. ☆ Possible reason of the fire: there seems to be a problem with the water system in the area and the 14. _______ system didn’t turn on. ☆ No one has been 15. _______ yet by the fire because most people have known to leave the building hours ago.
二、单项选择(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
1. Your mom had a long talk with you last night, _________
A. hadn’t she B. had she C. did she D. didn’t she
2 It is in the very gym _________ was built last year _________ I work out on a regular basis after work.
A. which; where B. that; where C. that; that D. that; where
3. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _________ with success in the end.
A. rewarded B. will reward C. are rewarded D. will be rewarded
4. It is advisable to _________ some money in case of emergency.
A. set out B. set aside C. set about D. set off
5. We take pride _________ offering the best service in town and playing _________ important role in boosting the economy.
A. of, a B. in, an C. on, a D. about, an
6. Our school _________ in a beautiful area and we will never _________ with it.
A. situates, be bored B. situates, be boring
C. is situated, get bored D. is situated, get boring
7. Unfortunately, all villages were _________ by the earthquake and nothing could _________ for what the survivors suffered.
A. wiped out, make up B. wiped away, make out C. hit, fix D. hit, drive away
8. The two athletes caught _________ of the exciting _________ of our school sports meeting.
A. the view, scenery B. sight, scene C. the sight, view D. sight, scenery
9. Have you applied _________ the university _________ the post of teaching assistant
A. to, for B. to, with C. with, for D. for, to
10. Government _________ showed that the army had taken control of the minerals and other _________.
A. sources, natural resources B. source, energy resource
C. resources, natural resources D. resources, renewable sources
11 Food supplies in the earthquake-stricken area _________. We must act quickly before there-is none left.
A. is running out B. are running out
C. were running out D. will be running out
12. There his parents bought a candy store _________ they ran for the next 30 years.
A. which B. who C. where D. it
13. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ________ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. though B. for C. but D. so
14. If the project to be completed before the end of this month is delayed, the company _________.
A. to be fined B. is fined C. will fine D. will be fined
15. Chinese love mid-autumn festival, _________ they can admire the moon and give gifts of mooncakes.
A. where B. when C. which D. so
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If your family loves to travel but you worry about the environmental, social and economic effect, it’s time to take a more sustainable approach to your trips.
Wales
Wales packs many sustainable activities for kids. Camp in one of many green campsites around Pcmbrokeshire, where children can have fun learning about sustainable living. Or find an environmentally friendly campsite at The Greener Camping Club. Don’t forget to spin on the world’s only people-powered roller coaster in Snowdonia.
Volcán Tenorio Area
When you think about taking your kids to Costa Rica, you normally focus on viewing its incredible wildlife. But what about giving back to the human residents too
One way to support local communities and understand the Tico culture is by staying on a farm, and there are loads of lovely options around Volcán Tenorio.
Austria
Explore the kid-friendly Austrian capital of Vienna, which offers more organic farmland than any other city and has both “Green Taxis” and plenty of bike-share stations. The city has some fantastic museums for children and the splendid Schloss Schonbrunn where kids can dress up.
San Francisco.
San Francisco is perfect for a break that will both delight the kids and satisfy your sustainability principles. The city has banned plastic bags and bottles for years. Plus, most of the fun things to do with kids can be accessed without using a car and many involve green spaces. Head to the Exploratorium: an incredible hands-on science museum in a solar-powered building.
16. Which place best suits families that enjoy camping
A. Wales. B. Volcán Tenorio Area. C. Austria. D. San Francisco.
17. What advantage of Austria and San Francisco attracts kids
A. Farmland. B. Museums. C. Animals. D. Roller coasters.
18. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Science and Technology. B. Sports and Health.
C. Travel and Culture. D. Agriculture and Farming.
B
When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.
Scientists have looked at what makes us delay and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. One of the most obvious things is eliminating noise. Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.
Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to settle down and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.” So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer.
There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you’re not tempted to do other things, or chewing some gum! It’s possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.
But according to Science Focus magazine, distraction isn’t all bad. “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”
19. Which of the following places is better to make you keep focused according to the research
A. An unquiet library. B. A crowded hall.
C. A classroom with loud noise. D. A cafe with soft music.
20. Why does the author suggest keeping our mind busy
A. To introduce a mental recovery. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To train our brain to concentrate. D. To recommend an intelligent train.
21. What is Science Focus magazine’s attitude to distraction
A. Negative. B. All-sided. C. Doubtful. D. Puzzling.
22. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. How to Stay Focused B. The Harm of Distraction
C. The Benefits of Keeping focused D. The Research about Distraction
C
My hands were shaking uncontrollably. I tried incredibly hard to focus on the words that I spent hours putting down on paper. I tried to conquer my fear of speaking in public on numerous occasions throughout my life. During college and at my first few jobs, I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting. Public speaking had been my nightmare for as long as I could remember.
Then in my mid-thirties, I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters. At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work.
It wasn’t until recently, when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic, that I decided I must speak out. Science has made this country a place where dreams come true— this is why we all need to protect science. In addition, ‘as a science writer, I try to get readers to understand how science is related to their daily lives.
So I ended up on that frightening stage on that sunny Saturday in April— Earth Day. Despite the body shakes and fear, I persevered. That day, I looked out into the crowd of like-minded science supporters and I felt comfort.
Reaching that milestone goal of getting through a speech truly changed me. At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in-my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures.
23. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “conquer” in Para. 1
A. Face. B. Control. C. Forget. D. Develop.
24. How did the author behave about public speaking after leaving Toastmasters
A He began to feel less worried. B. He became a polished speaker.
C. He remained a shy speaker. D. Things became worse for him.
25. What made the author want to speak out on Earth Day
A. It was a good chance to learn science. B. He must rise up to protect his profession.
C. It was a project organized by Toastmasters. D. He couldn’t have people attacking science.
26. What lesson did the author draw from his successful speech
A. Passion can encourage us to achieve the unachievable.
B. Any difficulty can be overcome with great effort.
C. Science can lead us to make wonderful changes.
D. Failure can be stepping stones to success.
D
Picture this: You’re at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of a small, medium or large soda. The small is $3.50 and the large is $5.50. It’s a-tough decision: The small size may not last you through the whole movie, but $ 5.50 for some sugary drink seems ridiculous. But there’s a third option, a medium soda for $5.25. Medium may be the perfect amount of soda for you, but the large is only a quarter more. If you’re like most people, you end up buying the large (and taking a bathroom break midshow).
If you’re wondering who would buy the medium soda, the answer is almost no one. In fact, there’s a good chance the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy (诱饵) , making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.
I have written about this peculiarity (怪异) in human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely, who studied this phenomenon extensively after noticing pricing for subscriptions (订阅) to The Economist. The digital subscription was $ 59, the print subscription was $ 125, and the print plus digital subscription was also$ 125. No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get digital as well for the same price, so why was it even an option Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two “real” choices were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription. But the addition of the bad option made people much more likely to choose the more expensive print plus digital option.
Brain scientists call this effect “asymmetric dominance” and it means that people prefer the choice nearest a clearly bad option. Marketing professors call it the decoy effect, which is certainly easier to remember. Lucky for consumers, almost no one in the business community understands it.
The decoy effect works because of the way our brains assign value when making choices: Value is almost never absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to our other choices. If more options are introduced, the value equation changes.
27. Why does the author ask us to imagine buying food in the movie theater
A. To show people’s peculiar shopping behavior.
B. To show the increasing variety of snacks there.
C. To show how hard it can be to choose a drink there.
D. To show how popular snacks are among movie fans.
28. Why is the medium soda priced the way it is
A. To attract more customers to buy it.
B. To show the price matches the amount.
C. To ensure customers drink the right amount of soda.
D. To make customers believe they are getting a bargain.
29. For what purpose is “the bad option” (Para. 3) added
A. To cater to the peculiar needs of some customers.
B. To help customers to make more rational choices.
C. To trap customers into buying the more pricey item.
D. To provide customers with a greater variety of goods.
30. How do we assess the value of a product, according to the passage
A. By considering its usefulness. B. By comparing it with other choices.
C. By taking its quality into account. D. By examining its value equation.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the biggest complaints I hear from people is that their friends just aren’t there for them. More than that, sometimes friends are downright (彻头彻尾地) rude or even mean. You can’t change people, but you can surround yourself with more positive people. ____31____
With positive friends, you don’t need to beg for help when you need it, because the chances are that they will be there for you without your begging. ____32____ As Dotdash states, ideal friendships provide support when you’re down, fun when you’re up, and wisdom when you’re lost.
There are also friends who might snipe (抨击) at you or even laugh at you behind your back. Those people celebrate the downfall of others. ____33____Friends of this kind will add to whatever amount of stress you are feeling.
____34____ For example, perhaps you always want to be a writer. The negative people in your life will probably tell you all the reasons why you won’t succeed. Maybe you have already gone over the reasons why you might fail and this is what has prevented you from trying. But with positive people in your life,you’ll feel more comfortable sharing these types of goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life.
You naturally attract the kind of friends who are most like you. So if you’re a sad person, you’ll probably find that negative people come to you. ____35____The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude, the more like-minded people you’ll attract in return.
A. After all, birds of a feather flock together.
B. The same is true for the opposite.
C. Here are some benefits of spending time with positive friends.
D. Positive friends will inspire you to be the best that you can be.
E. Positive friends will help you recover from negative hits.
F. You’ll end up feeling worse about yourself or the situation you’re dealing with.
G. Positive individuals want others to be happy, and will back you when you’re depressed.
四、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At 7 a. m. on July 26, I found myself in northern Maine, hiding under a large rock with “strangers” telling jokes as it rained heavily. It was ___36___ the end to the journey that led me here, one hike that had ___37___ five months before at Amicalola Falls State Park in Georgia. While ___38___ under the rock, with only two miles ahead, I thought, “This is the ___39___ test Good one!”
My ___40___ had taken me on foot through 14 states along the Appalachian Mountain range, over endless mountains and forests, and through it all, various ___41___ seemed endless too. ___42___ , I received random kindness along the way to pull me through.
I started the hike without a companion, but I didn’t travel ___43___. Ride-offering “angels”, helpful repairmen and others form a vast ___44___ that keeps the trail running. On day five of my hike, ____45____ in the cold February dusk, I rolled up to a shelter in Georgia and was ____46____ by other hikers, among whom a girl about my age ____47____ herself as “Skippy”. Over the miles to come, together with these new friends, I learned to give and receive ____48____ from strangers.
After the first mountains of Virginia had ____49____ us at 500 miles, the trail’s most ____50____ terrain (地形) gradually became mental, as 1, 700 miles of the same viewless climbs stretched on. Overcoming boredom ____51____ the real hikers from the quitters. By balancing the effects of long days of hiking on my body, I ____52____ the 2, 200-mile journey.
When the ____53____ had stopped, my fellow hikers and I pressed on and up. Softly, the clouds slipped away to ____54____ the final half-mile to the summit. When I ____55____ it to the top, I dropped my pack and wrapped Skippy in a hug, and we laughed into the vast open sky.
36.
A. creating B. missing C. approaching D. adjusting
37.
A. appeared B. begun C. changed D. extended
38.
A. arguing B. weeping C. swearing D. sheltering
39.
A. tough B. final C. sudden D. demanding
40.
A. joke B. habit C. journey D. life
41.
A. challenges B. performances C. experiences D. meetings
42.
A. Suddenly B. Unfortunately C. Regularly D. Thankfully
43.
A. easily B. smoothly C. alone D. sadly
44.
A. network B. area C. circle D. situation
45.
A. enjoying B. shifting C. relaxing D. trembling
46.
A. educated B. overlooked C. welcomed D. defeated
47.
A. regarded B. introduced C. remembered D. viewed
48.
A. approval B. advice C. energy D. support
49.
A. fallen behind B. escaped from C. stayed before D. spied on
50.
A. relaxing B. challenging C. beautiful D. Wonderful
51.
A. removed B. protected C. benefited D. separated
52
A. succeeded in B. turned out C. took in D. gave away
53.
A. danger B. accident C. storm D. trial
54.
A. expose B. cover C. discover D. store
55.
A. related B. made C. attached D. associated
五、单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
请用M1U2-U3所学的单词填空(按中文释义、英文释义+首字母或同根词写出单词的形式) 。
71-73题：请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
56. Everyone’s fingerprints are u_________ (being the only one of its kind) . (根据英文提示单词拼写)
57. She r_________ (to ask for sth or ask sb to do sth in a polite or formal way) permission to film at the Summer Palace but she was turned down. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
58. They managed to overcome great difficulties before they reached their d_________ (a place to which sb / sth is going or being sent) . (根据英文提示单词拼写)
74-77题：根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。
59. The exercises are designed to ________(strength) your muscles. （所给词的适当形式填空）
60. The dark days of COVID-19 pandemic was a _________ (stress) time for all of us. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61. She _________ (package) all the clothes she needed and left the rest in the case. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62. Our school is widely _________ (admiration) for its excellent teaching. (所给词的适当形式填空)
78-80题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
63. _________ (资料或手册) can both inspire tourists to plan a trip as well as educate them about sights to see and things to do. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
64. I _________ (认出) her by her red hair and yellow ribbon the other day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
65. There are special _________ (安排) for people working overseas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
六、短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
请用M1U2-U3及拓展阅读 (My kind of holiday和女排) 所学短语的适当形式填空。
66. In recent years, military forces __________________ (指定, 指派) help with peacekeeping. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
67. The children are now ______ (竞争) their mother’s attention by crying. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68. It was reported that design faults in the ship ___________________ (是……的原因之一) the tragedy. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
69. Faced with challenges, Lang Ping and her team showed ___________________ (奋斗精神) in the Olympics. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
70. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, ___________________ (以冰雕为特色) , is one of four great ice and snow festivals in the world. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
71. ____________________ (与……比较) 40 years ago, standards in health care have improved enormously. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72. ______________ (让我惊叹的是) , Nate ran so fast in the sports meeting. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73. I believe that our efforts will definitely ___________________ (有作用). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
74. Jordan says that ______(他成功的秘诀)is learning from his failures. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75. The man ___________________ (假装没注意) it, though under his mask he hated it bitterly. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
七、单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
76. The gunshot sent the birds flying _________ all directions. (用适当的词填空)
77. The success or _________ (fail) of the project depends on your work. (所给词的适当形式填空)
78. We need some more facts and figures ________ we make the final decision. （用单词适当形式填空）
79. Ms. Smith usually walks her dog in the park _________ is located in the center of the town. (用适当词填空)
80. The final score of the match was 83: 84. We were only _________ (narrow) beaten. (所给词的适当形式填空)
81. People making friends online are afraid of getting _________ (cheat). (所给词的适当形式填空）
82. I was about to go outside _________ it suddenly rained. (用适当的词填空)
83. Mental _________ (fit) has now become an important element in our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
84. Spain took control ______Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. （用适当的单词填空）
85. It was a great match, marked by _________ (sportsman) and enthusiasm on both sides. (所给词的适当形式填空)
八、背书：课文填空(共10小题;每小题0. 5分，满分5分)
请根据要求背诵的课文段落进行填空。
Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8, 000 statues were made in the third century BC to ___86___ of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of ___87___. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not ___88___ . More than 700, 000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one ___89___ knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were ___90___ .
请根据要求背诵的课文段落进行填空。
As a player, Lang Ping brought ___91___ to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans ___92___. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built ___93___. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not ___94___. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were ___95___ ! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.
九、句子翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
请根据括号所给的关键词使用M1U2-U3所学的词汇短语、句型进行句子翻译。
96. 人们挨饿的日子一去不复返了。 (完全倒装句) (汉译英)
97. 正是有积极的态度他最终成功了。 (强调句) (汉译英)
98. 上个月她进行了健康饮食，这帮她减重了。 (定语从句) (汉译英)
99. 我姐姐在周末宁愿打羽毛球而不愿意慢跑。 (would do... rather than... ) (汉译英)
100. 杭州亚运会中，中国运动员们的精彩表现给我们树立了榜样。 (set短语) (汉译英)2023-2024学年度第一学期高一级英语科
期中考试试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共12页，满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
一、听力(共2节，满分15分)
第一节 听力理解(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第1至2题。
1. How does the man usually go to work
A. By car. B. By bike. C. By subway.
2. What will the man start doing next month
A. Learning to drive. B. Travelling around the world. C. Looking for a new apartment.
听下面一段对话，回答第3至4题。
3. At what price was The Scream sold
A. 82. 5 million dollars. B. 119. 9 million dollars. C. 106. 5 million dollars.
4. What does the woman say about the paintings
A. Their commercial value always changes.
B. They’re becoming more valuable than before.
C. They get much appreciation from personal collectors.
听下面一段对话，回答第5至7题。
5. What docs the woman think of studying in France
A. It’s surprising. B. It’s worthwhile. C. It’s disappointing.
6. Where does the woman advise the man to-live when studying abroad
A. In the school dormitory. B. In a host family. C. In a rented apartment.
7. What did the man do yesterday morning
A. He surfed the Internet. B. He handed in his application form.
C. He went to the Study-Abroad Center.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. How did the man find the plastic component business
A. It was tiring. B. It was boring. C. It was interesting.
9. What inspired the man to set up Cliche
A. Eye shadow. B. A wedding dress. C. Plastic drinking straws.
10. What did the man do to get Cliche started
A. He sold the products by himself. B. He gave the concept to a big firm.
C. He cooperated with a famous company.
第二节 听取信息(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为11-15的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅读时间，录音读两遍。你将有80秒的作答时间。(请将本节答案写在答卷上)
Fire at the Battery Park ● Location The reporter is at the corner of Greenwood and Pine, which is about 11. _______ away from the fire. ● Rescue work 12. _______ and the police are helping those who could not make it outside without assistance. ● Details ☆ The fire began 13. _______ after the bakery closed. ☆ Possible reason of the fire: there seems to be a problem with the water system in the area and the 14. _______ system didn’t turn on. ☆ No one has been 15. _______ yet by the fire because most people have known to leave the building hours ago.
二、单项选择(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
1. Your mom had a long talk with you last night, _________
A. hadn’t she B. had she C. did she D. didn’t she
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：你妈妈昨晚和你谈了很久，是吗？分析句子结构可知，此处应为反义疑问句，陈述句中为一般过去时态的肯定形式，所以反义疑问句应使用否定形式，助动词为did，句子主语为your mum，应使用she代替，所以此处应为didn’t she。故选D项。
2. It is in the very gym _________ was built last year _________ I work out on a regular basis after work.
A. which; where B. that; where C. that; that D. that; where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：正是在去年建的健身房，我下班后经常锻炼。第一空考查定语从句，先行词gym，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，因其前有very修饰，只能用关系代词that引导从句；第二空考查强调句。其结构：it is/was + 被强调部分+ that+ 其他部分。本句强调地点状语in the very gym _________ was built last year。故选C。
3. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _________ with success in the end.
A. rewarded B. will reward C. are rewarded D. will be rewarded
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的努力最终会得到成功的回报。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。根据文中的in the end可知，句子表述将来发生的动作，故使用一般将来时。同时efforts与reward之间是被动关系。故使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
4. It is advisable to _________ some money in case of emergency.
A. set out B. set aside C. set about D. set off
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：留出一些钱以备不时之需是明智的。A. set out出发，开始着手；B. set aside留出，拨出；C. set about着手；D. set off出发，引爆。结合句意可知，此处表示“留出”应使用动词短语set aside，且位于动词不定式符号to之后，所以此处应使用动词原形。故选B项。
5. We take pride _________ offering the best service in town and playing _________ important role in boosting the economy.
A. of, a B. in, an C. on, a D. about, an
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和冠词。句意：我们自豪地为市民提供最好的服务，并在促进经济发展方面发挥了重要作用。分析句子结构可知，第一空为固定短语take pride in意为“以……自豪”符合句意；第二空为固定短语play a(n) … role in…意为“在……中起到……作用”，所以此处应使用不定冠词，important的首个音素为元音，所以应使用不定冠词an。故选B项。
6. Our school _________ in a beautiful area and we will never _________ with it.
A. situates, be bored B. situates, be boring
C. is situated, get bored D. is situated, get boring
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和短语。句意：我们的学校坐落在一个美丽的地区，我们永远不会对它感到无聊。be situated in位于，讲述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Our school单数，谓语单数形式，get/be bored with对……感到厌倦，第二空在will后面，用动词原形。故选C项。
7. Unfortunately, all villages were _________ by the earthquake and nothing could _________ for what the survivors suffered.
A. wiped out, make up B. wiped away, make out C. hit, fix D. hit, drive away
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词及短语词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，所有的村庄都被地震摧毁了，幸存者所遭受的痛苦是无法弥补的。A. wiped out彻底摧毁；make up (for)弥补；B. wiped away擦掉，清除；make out辨别；理解；C. hit袭击；fix修理；D. hit袭击；drive away开走； 赶走。根据“by the earthquake”可知，地震彻底摧毁了村庄；根据“for what the survivors suffered.”可知，地震幸存者所遭受的痛苦是无法弥补的。故选A。
8. The two athletes caught _________ of the exciting _________ of our school sports meeting.
A. the view, scenery B. sight, scene C. the sight, view D. sight, scenery
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和名词词义辨析。句意：这两位运动员看到了我们校运动会的激动人心的场面。第一空表示“看见”短语为catch sight of，故排除A、C选项；第二空scenery风景；scene场面，场景；view观点，此处运动会的场景，应用scene。故选B。
9. Have you applied _________ the university _________ the post of teaching assistant
A. to, for B. to, with C. with, for D. for, to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：你向大学申请助教一职了吗 A. to对于；for为了；B. to对于；with和；C. with和；for为了；D. for为了；to对于。apply to sb./ sth. (for sth.) 向某人申请某物。故选A。
10. Government _________ showed that the army had taken control of the minerals and other _________.
A. sources, natural resources B. source, energy resource
C. resources, natural resources D. resources, renewable sources
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：政府消息来源显示，军队已经控制了矿产和其他自然资源。A. sources来源；natural resources自然资源；B. source来源；energy resource能源资源；C. resources资源；natural resources自然资源；D. resources资源；renewable sources可再生资源。resource侧重于指比较抽象的东西，比如劳动力资源、人力资源、社会资源等等，是在需要的时候可以依赖的东西，一般用复数形式表示泛指。 source侧重于说明河流的源头或收入、情报、消息等来源。故选A。
11. Food supplies in the earthquake-stricken area _________. We must act quickly before there-is none left.
A. is running out B. are running out
C. were running out D. will be running out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意： 洪水灾区的食品快用完了，我们必须在他们用完之前立刻采取措施。根据后面一句“我们在他们完全用完之前行动”可知食物还没有用完，run out意为“用完”，此处使用现在进行时表示将来即用表示快要用完，同时句子的主语为food supplies为复数形式，be动词用are。故选B。
12. There his parents bought a candy store _________ they ran for the next 30 years.
A. which B. who C. where D. it
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在那里，他的父母买了一家糖果店，并经营了30年。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少ran的宾语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词a candy store指的是物，所以使用关系代词which或者that。故选A项。
13. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ________ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. though B. for C. but D. so
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他发现读书越来越困难，因为他视力开始下降。A. though尽管；B. for因为；C. but但是；D. so因此。上下文之间是因果关系，需用连词for表示原因。故选B。
14. If the project to be completed before the end of this month is delayed, the company _________.
A. to be fined B. is fined C. will fine D. will be fined
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：如果将于本月末完工的工程被推迟，建设公司将被处以罚款。根据句子结构和句意，设空处为主句谓语动词，条件状语从句是一般现在时，根据主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，且主语company与谓语动词fine是被动关系。故选D项。
15. Chinese love mid-autumn festival, _________ they can admire the moon and give gifts of mooncakes.
A. where B. when C. which D. so
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国人喜欢中秋节，在那一天，人们赏月并赠送月饼。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，使用关系副词，先行词festivals表示“时间”，所以使用关系副词when。故选B项。
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If your family loves to travel but you worry about the environmental, social and economic effect, it’s time to take a more sustainable approach to your trips.
Wales
Wales packs many sustainable activities for kids. Camp in one of many green campsites around Pcmbrokeshire, where children can have fun learning about sustainable living. Or find an environmentally friendly campsite at The Greener Camping Club. Don’t forget to spin on the world’s only people-powered roller coaster in Snowdonia.
Volcán Tenorio Area
When you think about taking your kids to Costa Rica, you normally focus on viewing its incredible wildlife. But what about giving back to the human residents too
One way to support local communities and understand the Tico culture is by staying on a farm, and there are loads of lovely options around Volcán Tenorio.
Austria
Explore the kid-friendly Austrian capital of Vienna, which offers more organic farmland than any other city and has both “Green Taxis” and plenty of bike-share stations. The city has some fantastic museums for children and the splendid Schloss Schonbrunn where kids can dress up.
San Francisco.
San Francisco is perfect for a break that will both delight the kids and satisfy your sustainability principles. The city has banned plastic bags and bottles for years. Plus, most of the fun things to do with kids can be accessed without using a car and many involve green spaces. Head to the Exploratorium: an incredible hands-on science museum in a solar-powered building.
16. Which place best suits families that enjoy camping
A. Wales. B. Volcán Tenorio Area. C. Austria. D. San Francisco.
17. What advantage of Austria and San Francisco attracts kids
A. Farmland. B. Museums. C. Animals. D. Roller coasters.
18. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Science and Technology. B. Sports and Health.
C. Travel and Culture. D. Agriculture and Farming.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几个绿色家庭旅行目的地。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wales部分中“Camp in one of many green campsites around Pembrokeshire, where children can have fun learning about sustainable living. Or find an environmentally friendly campsite at The Greener Camping Club.(在Pembrokeshire附近的一个绿色营地里露营，孩子们可以在那里愉快地学习可持续生活。或者在绿色露营俱乐部找到一个环保的露营地)”可知，威尔士适合喜欢露营的家庭。故选A项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Austria部分中“The city has some fantastic museums for children…(这个城市有一些非常棒的儿童博物馆……)”及San Francisco部分中“Head to the Exploratorium: an incredible hands-on science museum in a solar-powered building.(前往探索博物馆：一个在太阳能建筑中令人难以置信的动手科学博物馆)”可知，奥地利和旧金山吸引孩子的优势是博物馆。故选B项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段“If your family loves to travel but you worry about the environmental, social and economic effect, it’s time to take a more sustainable approach to your trips.(如果你的家人喜欢旅行，但你担心对环境、社会和经济的影响，是时候采取更可持续的方法来旅行了)”可知，文章介绍了几个绿色旅行目的地，应是出自报纸的旅行和文化部分。故选C项。
B
When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.
Scientists have looked at what makes us delay and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. One of the most obvious things is eliminating noise. Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.
Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to settle down and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.” So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer.
There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you’re not tempted to do other things, or chewing some gum! It’s possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.
But according to Science Focus magazine, distraction isn’t all bad. “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”
19. Which of the following places is better to make you keep focused according to the research
A. An unquiet library. B. A crowded hall.
C. A classroom with loud noise. D. A cafe with soft music.
20. Why does the author suggest keeping our mind busy
A. To introduce a mental recovery. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To train our brain to concentrate. D. To recommend an intelligent train.
21. What is Science Focus magazine’s attitude to distraction
A. Negative. B. All-sided. C. Doubtful. D. Puzzling.
22. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. How to Stay Focused B. The Harm of Distraction
C. The Benefits of Keeping focused D. The Research about Distraction
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. B 22. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了成年人容易分心，对此科学家研究了导致分心的原因并给出了一些有助于保持专注的方法。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! (《科学聚焦》杂志的一项研究发现，沉默最有利于注意力的集中，或者是柔和的背景嗡嗡声和咖啡馆的噪音也很好！)”可知，有柔和音乐的咖啡馆这样安静的地方更能让你保持专注。故选D项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to settle down and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate.(另一种治疗注意力持续时间短的方法是大脑训练。心理学家和神经科学家对我们安定下来的能力越来越感兴趣，并研究了我们可以改变大脑内部的什么来让我们集中注意力。)”和““Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.” So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer.(“伦敦大学学院的注意力研究员Nilli Lavie发现，让一项任务对视觉的要求更高，会消耗更多的处理能力，让大脑无法处理分心的事情。”所以，让你的大脑忙碌起来可能是答案。)”可推知，作者建议让我们的大脑保持忙碌是在提出一种训练大脑集中注意力的方法。故选C项。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“But according to Science Focus magazine, distraction isn’t all bad. “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”(但据《科学聚焦》杂志称，分心并不都是坏事。“如果我们总是如此专注，从不分心，我们就会错过环境中的潜在变化，例如威胁。分心对生存至关重要。”)”可知，《科学焦点》杂志认为分心有好处也有坏处，可得出《科学焦点》杂志对分心的态度是全面的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help. (在成年人的生活中，保持专注仍然是一个挑战，但了解如何做到这一点，知道什么让你分心，会有所帮助)”，第二段中的“Scientists have looked at what makes us delay and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. One of the most obvious things is eliminating noise. (科学家们已经研究了是什么让我们拖延，并找到了一些方法来帮助我们留在这个区域。最明显的事情之一就是消除噪音)”，第三段中的“Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. (另一种可能的短期注意力治疗方法是大脑训练)”和第四段中的“There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused. (有更多实用的技巧来保持你的注意力集中)”可知，文章主要说明了成年人容易分心，对此科学家研究了导致分心的原因并给出了一些有助于保持专注的方法，A选项“How to stay focused(如何保持专注)”最符合文章标题。故选A项。
C
My hands were shaking uncontrollably. I tried incredibly hard to focus on the words that I spent hours putting down on paper. I tried to conquer my fear of speaking in public on numerous occasions throughout my life. During college and at my first few jobs, I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting. Public speaking had been my nightmare for as long as I could remember.
Then in my mid-thirties, I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters. At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work.
It wasn’t until recently, when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic, that I decided I must speak out. Science has made this country a place where dreams come true— this is why we all need to protect science. In addition, ‘as a science writer, I try to get readers to understand how science is related to their daily lives.
So I ended up on that frightening stage on that sunny Saturday in April— Earth Day. Despite the body shakes and fear, I persevered. That day, I looked out into the crowd of like-minded science supporters and I felt comfort.
Reaching that milestone goal of getting through a speech truly changed me. At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in-my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures.
23. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “conquer” in Para. 1
A. Face. B. Control. C. Forget. D. Develop.
24. How did the author behave about public speaking after leaving Toastmasters
A. He began to feel less worried. B. He became a polished speaker.
C. He remained a shy speaker. D. Things became worse for him.
25. What made the author want to speak out on Earth Day
A. It was a good chance to learn science. B. He must rise up to protect his profession.
C. It was a project organized by Toastmasters. D. He couldn’t have people attacking science.
26. What lesson did the author draw from his successful speech
A. Passion can encourage us to achieve the unachievable.
B. Any difficulty can be overcome with great effort.
C. Science can lead us to make wonderful changes.
D. Failure can be stepping stones to success.
【答案】23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何克服对公开演讲的恐惧，并在年近四十时发现了自己的激情，最终在科学演讲中找到了新的机会和冒险的经历。
【23题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“My hands were shaking uncontrollably. I tried incredibly hard to focus on the words that I spent hours putting down on paper.(我的手无法控制地颤抖着。我非常努力地把注意力集中在我花了几个小时写在纸上的单词上。)”可判断，作者是想“克服或控制”这种恐惧。选项A“Face(面对)”；选项B“Control (控制)”；选项C“Forget (忘记)”；选项D“Develop (发展)”。故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Then in my mid-thirties, I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters. At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work.(在我35岁左右的时候，我决定加入公共演讲团体Toastmasters。在每次会议上，我们都会被评分，并被迫与其他演讲者竞争奖项。你可能会认为，这些经历会让我成为一名出色的演讲者，但似乎没有什么奏效。)”可知，加入公共演讲团体Toastmasters对作者并没有什么作用，也就是说他仍然是一个害羞的演讲者。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It wasn’t until recently, when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic, that I decided I must speak out. Science has made this country a place where dreams come true— this is why we all need to protect science. In addition, ‘as a science writer, I try to get readers to understand how science is related to their daily lives.(直到最近，当科学和科学机构在疫情期间因不公平的原因受到攻击时，我才决定我必须大声疾呼。科学使这个国家成为梦想成真的地方——这就是为什么我们都需要保护科学。此外，作为一名科学作家，我试图让读者了解科学与他们的日常生活是如何相关的。)”可知，作者想在地球日发声是想保护科学，不让人们攻击科学和科学机构。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Reaching that milestone goal of getting through a speech truly changed me. At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in-my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures.(完成演讲这个里程碑式的目标真的改变了我。快40岁的时候，我明白了激情可以点燃我心中的火焰，让我做一些我做梦都想不到的事情。导致我发表演讲的黑暗肯定会带来新的机会和冒险。)”可知，作者认为热情能够帮助我们做我们以为自己做不到的事情。故选A。
D
Picture this: You’re at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of a small, medium or large soda. The small is $3.50 and the large is $5.50. It’s a-tough decision: The small size may not last you through the whole movie, but $ 5.50 for some sugary drink seems ridiculous. But there’s a third option, a medium soda for $5.25. Medium may be the perfect amount of soda for you, but the large is only a quarter more. If you’re like most people, you end up buying the large (and taking a bathroom break midshow).
If you’re wondering who would buy the medium soda, the answer is almost no one. In fact, there’s a good chance the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy (诱饵) , making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.
I have written about this peculiarity (怪异) in human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely, who studied this phenomenon extensively after noticing pricing for subscriptions (订阅) to The Economist. The digital subscription was $ 59, the print subscription was $ 125, and the print plus digital subscription was also$ 125. No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get digital as well for the same price, so why was it even an option Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two “real” choices were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription. But the addition of the bad option made people much more likely to choose the more expensive print plus digital option.
Brain scientists call this effect “asymmetric dominance” and it means that people prefer the choice nearest a clearly bad option. Marketing professors call it the decoy effect, which is certainly easier to remember. Lucky for consumers, almost no one in the business community understands it.
The decoy effect works because of the way our brains assign value when making choices: Value is almost never absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to our other choices. If more options are introduced, the value equation changes.
27. Why does the author ask us to imagine buying food in the movie theater
A. To show people’s peculiar shopping behavior.
B. To show the increasing variety of snacks there.
C. To show how hard it can be to choose a drink there.
D. To show how popular snacks are among movie fans.
28. Why is the medium soda priced the way it is
A. To attract more customers to buy it.
B. To show the price matches the amount.
C. To ensure customers drink the right amount of soda.
D. To make customers believe they are getting a bargain.
29. For what purpose is “the bad option” (Para. 3) added
A. To cater to the peculiar needs of some customers.
B. To help customers to make more rational choices.
C. To trap customers into buying the more pricey item.
D. To provide customers with a greater variety of goods.
30. How do we assess the value of a product, according to the passage
A. By considering its usefulness. B. By comparing it with other choices.
C. By taking its quality into account. D. By examining its value equation.
【答案】27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍商品销售中的诱饵效应：当我们在做出选择时，受大脑分配价值方式的影响，在有更多选择的时候，我们会被最接近劣势的选项所吸引。诱饵效应之所以起作用，是因为我们的大脑在做出选择时分配价值的方式，我们“通过与其他选择进行比较”评估商品的价值。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Picture this: You’re at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of a small, medium or large soda. The small is $3.50 and the large is $5.50. It’s a-tough decision: The small size may not last you through the whole movie, but $ 5.50 for some sugary drink seems ridiculous. But there’s a third option, a medium soda for $5.25. Medium may be the perfect amount of soda for you, but the large is only a quarter more. If you’re like most people, you end up buying the large (and taking a bathroom break midshow).(想象一下：你在电影院的小吃摊上买零食。你可以选择小杯、中杯或大杯的苏打水。小的是3.5美元，大的是5.5美元。这是一个艰难的决定：小杯可能撑不了你看完整部电影，但5.50美元的含糖饮料似乎很荒谬。但还有第三种选择，5.25美元的中杯苏打水。中杯可能是最适合你的苏打水，但大杯只多了四分之一。如果你和大多数人一样，你最终会买大号的（并且在演出中途去洗手间休息一下）)”以及第三段“I have written about this peculiarity (怪异) in human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely, who studied this phenomenon extensively after noticing pricing for subscriptions (订阅) to The Economist.(我以前和我的朋友Dan Ariely一起写过关于人性中的这种独特的文章，Dan Ariely在注意到《经济学人》的订阅定价后对这一现象进行了广泛的研究)”提到作者和朋友对人性的这种独特性行为进行过研究，可推知，作者让我们想象在电影院买食物是为了来说明人们独特的购物行为。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中In fact, there’s a good chance the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy (诱饵) , making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.(事实上，营销部门很有可能故意将中杯苏打水定价为诱饵，让你更有可能购买大杯苏打水而不是小杯苏打水)”可知，中号汽水的定价是让顾客相信他们买到了便宜货。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But the addition of the bad option made people much more likely to choose the more expensive print plus digital option.(但是，不良选项的增加使人们更有可能选择更昂贵的印刷版加数字版选项)”可推知，添加“坏的选择”的目的是诱骗顾客购买更昂贵的商品。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The decoy effect works because of the way our brains assign value when making choices: Value is almost never absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to our other choices.(诱饵效应之所以有效，是因为我们的大脑在做出选择时赋予价值的方式：价值几乎从来不是绝对的；相反，我们决定一个对象的价值相对于我们的其他选择)”可推知，我们可以“通过与其他选择进行比较”评估商品的价值。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the biggest complaints I hear from people is that their friends just aren’t there for them. More than that, sometimes friends are downright (彻头彻尾地) rude or even mean. You can’t change people, but you can surround yourself with more positive people. ____31____
With positive friends, you don’t need to beg for help when you need it, because the chances are that they will be there for you without your begging. ____32____ As Dotdash states, ideal friendships provide support when you’re down, fun when you’re up, and wisdom when you’re lost.
There are also friends who might snipe (抨击) at you or even laugh at you behind your back. Those people celebrate the downfall of others. ____33____Friends of this kind will add to whatever amount of stress you are feeling.
____34____ For example, perhaps you always want to be a writer. The negative people in your life will probably tell you all the reasons why you won’t succeed. Maybe you have already gone over the reasons why you might fail and this is what has prevented you from trying. But with positive people in your life,you’ll feel more comfortable sharing these types of goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life.
You naturally attract the kind of friends who are most like you. So if you’re a sad person, you’ll probably find that negative people come to you. ____35____The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude, the more like-minded people you’ll attract in return.
A. After all, birds of a feather flock together.
B. The same is true for the opposite.
C. Here are some benefits of spending time with positive friends.
D. Positive friends will inspire you to be the best that you can be.
E. Positive friends will help you recover from negative hits.
F. You’ll end up feeling worse about yourself or the situation you’re dealing with.
G. Positive individuals want others to be happy, and will back you when you’re depressed.
【答案】31. C 32. G 33. F 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了和积极的朋友在一起的好处。
【31题详解】
根据上文“You can’t change people, but you can surround yourself with more positive people.(你不能改变别人，但你可以让自己周围有更多积极的人)”结合后文主要介绍了和积极的朋友在一起的好处，可知本句为过渡句，故C选项“这里有一些和积极的朋友在一起的好处”符合语境，故选C。
【32题详解】
根据上文“With positive friends, you don’t need to beg for help when you need it, because the chances are that they will be there for you without your begging.(和积极的朋友在一起，你不需要在你需要的时候乞求帮助，因为很有可能他们会在你身边，而不需要你乞求)”以及后文“As Dotdash states, ideal friendships provide support when you’re down, fun when you’re up, and wisdom when you’re lost.(正如Dotdash所说，理想的友谊在你失意时提供支持，在你快乐时提供乐趣，在你迷失时提供智慧)”可知，后文提到了理想的友谊在你失意时提供支持，说明积极的朋友在你沮丧的时候会支持你。故G选项“积极的人希望别人快乐，当你沮丧的时候，他们会支持你”符合语境，故选G。
【33题详解】
根据上文“There are also friends who might snipe (抨击) at you or even laugh at you behind your back. Those people celebrate the downfall of others.(也有一些朋友可能会在背后中伤你甚至嘲笑你。那些人庆祝别人的失败)”上文提到了别人在背后中伤、嘲笑，可知本句是这么做导致的结果。故F选项“你最终会对自己或你正在处理的情况感觉更糟”符合语境，故选F。
【34题详解】
根据后文“For example, perhaps you always want to be a writer. The negative people in your life will probably tell you all the reasons why you won’t succeed. Maybe you have already gone over the reasons why you might fail and this is what has prevented you from trying. But with positive people in your life,you’ll feel more comfortable sharing these types of goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life.(例如，也许你一直想成为一名作家。你生活中消极的人可能会告诉你为什么你不会成功。也许你已经考虑过你可能会失败的原因，这就是阻止你尝试的原因。但是有积极的人在你的生活中，你会觉得分享这些类型的目标更舒服，因为你的朋友会给你情感上的推动，你需要去追求你想要的生活)”可知，后文的例子表明积极的朋友会给你情感上的推动，鼓励你去追求你想要的生活，即成为最好的自己。故D选项“积极的朋友会激励你成为最好的自己”符合语境，故选D。
【35题详解】
根据上文“You naturally attract the kind of friends who are most like you. So if you’re a sad person, you’ll probably find that negative people come to you.(你很自然地会吸引那些和你最相似的朋友。所以如果你是一个悲伤的人，你可能会发现消极的人来找你)”以及后文“The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude, the more like-minded people you’ll attract in return.(你越能保持积极的态度，你就会吸引更多志同道合的人)”可知，上文主要说明了你是什么样的人就会吸引什么样的人，是一个悲伤的人就会发现消极的人来找你，而反过来如果你是个积极的人，也会有积极的人来找你。故B选项“反之亦然”符合语境，故选B。
四、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At 7 a. m. on July 26, I found myself in northern Maine, hiding under a large rock with “strangers” telling jokes as it rained heavily. It was ___36___ the end to the journey that led me here, one hike that had ___37___ five months before at Amicalola Falls State Park in Georgia. While ___38___ under the rock, with only two miles ahead, I thought, “This is the ___39___ test Good one!”
My ___40___ had taken me on foot through 14 states along the Appalachian Mountain range, over endless mountains and forests, and through it all, various ___41___ seemed endless too. ___42___ , I received random kindness along the way to pull me through.
I started the hike without a companion, but I didn’t travel ___43___. Ride-offering “angels”, helpful repairmen and others form a vast ___44___ that keeps the trail running. On day five of my hike, ____45____ in the cold February dusk, I rolled up to a shelter in Georgia and was ____46____ by other hikers, among whom a girl about my age ____47____ herself as “Skippy”. Over the miles to come, together with these new friends, I learned to give and receive ____48____ from strangers.
After the first mountains of Virginia had ____49____ us at 500 miles, the trail’s most ____50____ terrain (地形) gradually became mental, as 1, 700 miles of the same viewless climbs stretched on. Overcoming boredom ____51____ the real hikers from the quitters. By balancing the effects of long days of hiking on my body, I ____52____ the 2, 200-mile journey.
When the ____53____ had stopped, my fellow hikers and I pressed on and up. Softly, the clouds slipped away to ____54____ the final half-mile to the summit. When I ____55____ it to the top, I dropped my pack and wrapped Skippy in a hug, and we laughed into the vast open sky.
36.
A. creating B. missing C. approaching D. adjusting
37.
A. appeared B. begun C. changed D. extended
38.
A. arguing B. weeping C. swearing D. sheltering
39.
A. tough B. final C. sudden D. demanding
40.
A. joke B. habit C. journey D. life
41.
A. challenges B. performances C. experiences D. meetings
42.
A. Suddenly B. Unfortunately C. Regularly D. Thankfully
43.
A. easily B. smoothly C. alone D. sadly
44.
A. network B. area C. circle D. situation
45.
A. enjoying B. shifting C. relaxing D. trembling
46.
A. educated B. overlooked C. welcomed D. defeated
47.
A. regarded B. introduced C. remembered D. viewed
48.
A. approval B. advice C. energy D. support
49.
A. fallen behind B. escaped from C. stayed before D. spied on
50.
A. relaxing B. challenging C. beautiful D. Wonderful
51.
A. removed B. protected C. benefited D. separated
52.
A. succeeded in B. turned out C. took in D. gave away
53.
A. danger B. accident C. storm D. trial
54.
A. expose B. cover C. discover D. store
55.
A. related B. made C. attached D. associated
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在阿巴拉契亚山脉徒步旅行中的经历，以及在缅因州北部的暴雨中与陌生人一起躲雨的情景。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：5个月前，我在乔治亚州的阿米卡罗拉瀑布州立公园开始了我的徒步旅行，这次旅行即将结束。A. creating创造；B. missing错过；C. approaching接近；D. adjusting调整。根据下文“with only two miles ahead”可知，作者的这次旅行接近终点。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：5个月前，我在乔治亚州的阿米卡罗拉瀑布州立公园开始了我的徒步旅行，这次旅行即将结束。A. appeared出现；B. begun开始；C. changed改变；D. extended延伸。根据空后的状语“five months before at Amicalola Falls State Park in Georgia.”可知，作者的这次徒步之旅开始于五个月前。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我躲在岩石下，前方只有两英里时，我想，“这是最后的考验吗？好一个考验！”A. arguing争论；B. weeping哭泣；C. swearing发誓；D. sheltering躲避、保护。根据上文“At 7 a. m. on July 26, I found myself in northern Maine, hiding under a large rock with “strangers” telling jokes as it rained heavily.”可知，作者遭遇了暴风雨，所以此时应该是躲避在岩石下。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我躲在岩石下，前方只有两英里时，我想，“这是最后的考验吗？好一个考验！”A. tough棘手的；艰苦的；B. final最终的；C. sudden突然的；D. demanding要求高的。根据上文内容可知，作者的徒步之旅此时已经接近尾声，所以，作者认为暴风雨是最后的考验。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我沿着阿巴拉契亚山脉徒步穿越了14个州，越过了无尽的山脉和森林，在这一切中，各种挑战似乎也无穷无尽。A. joke笑话；B. habit习惯；C. journey旅程；D. life生活。根据上文“It was ___1___ the end to the journey that led me here, one hike that had ___2___ five months before at Amicalola Falls State Park in Georgia.”可知，作者五个月前开始了自己的徒步之旅，所以空处指的是旅程。故选C。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我沿着阿巴拉契亚山脉徒步穿越了14个州，越过了无尽的山脉和森林，在这一切中，各种挑战似乎也无穷无尽。A. challenges挑战；B. performances表演；C. experiences经历；D. meetings会议。根据上下文可知，徒步旅行充满了各种困难和挑战。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，一路上我得到了随机的善意，帮助我度过了难关。A. Suddenly突然；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Regularly有规律地；D. Thankfully谢天谢地、值得庆幸的是。根据上文可知，旅程之中充满了难关；根据下文“I received random kindness along the way to pull me through.”可知，作者觉得这是值得庆幸的事情。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始徒步旅行时没有同伴，但我并不是一个人旅行。A. easily轻松地；B. smoothly流畅地；C. alone独自、仅仅；D. sadly悲伤地。根据下文“Ride-offering “angels”, helpful repairmen and others form a vast ___9___ that keeps the trail running.”可知，作者并不是一个人旅行。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：骑行的“天使”、乐于助人的维修人员和其他人组成了一个庞大的网络，让这条路保持畅通。A. network网络；B. area面积；C. circle圆圈；D. situation形势。根据空前主语“Ride-offering “angels”, helpful repairmen and others”可知，这些人组成立一个网络，确保了旅程的顺利。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我徒步旅行的第五天，我在寒冷的二月黄昏中颤抖着，来到乔治亚州的一个避难所，受到其他徒步旅行者的欢迎，其中一个和我年龄相仿的女孩介绍自己为“Skippy”。A. enjoying喜欢；B. shifting改变；C. relaxing放松；D. trembling颤抖。根据空后的“in the cold February dusk”可知，寒冷的二月黄昏会让人颤抖。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我徒步旅行的第五天，我在寒冷的二月黄昏中颤抖着，来到乔治亚州的一个避难所，受到其他徒步旅行者的欢迎，其中一个和我年龄相仿的女孩介绍自己为“Skippy”。A. educated教育；B. overlooked忽视；C. welcomed欢迎；D. defeated击败。根据下文“Over the miles to come, together with these new friends, I learned to give and receive ___13___ from strangers.”可知，作者受到了这些人的欢迎并成为了朋友。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我徒步旅行的第五天，我在寒冷的二月黄昏中颤抖着，来到乔治亚州的一个避难所，受到其他徒步旅行者的欢迎，其中一个和我年龄相仿的女孩介绍自己为“Skippy”。A. regarded认为；B. introduced介绍；C. remembered记住；D. viewed看待。根据空前“a girl”以及空后的“herself”可知，这个女孩是进行了自我介绍。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几英里里，和这些新朋友一起，我学会了给予和接受陌生人的支持。A. approval同意、赞成；B. advice建议；C. energy能量；D. support支持。根据空前的“give and receive”以及上文作者得到了这些人的欢迎可知，作者是学会了接受陌生人的支持。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在距离我们500英里的地方，弗吉尼亚的第一批山脉落在了我们的后面，这条小径上最具挑战性的地形逐渐变得令人难以置信，因为1700英里的同样的看不到风景的攀登一直延伸下去。A. fallen behind落后；B. escaped from逃避；C. stayed before待到……前；D. spied on监视。根据空前“After the first mountains of Virginia”可知，主语是作者和同伴已经走过的地方，所以是被作者落在了背后。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在距离我们500英里的地方，弗吉尼亚的第一批山脉落在了我们的后面，这条小径上最具挑战性的地形逐渐变得令人难以置信，因为1700英里的同样的看不到风景的攀登一直延伸下去。A. relaxing轻松的；B. challenging具有挑战的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. wonderful极棒的。根据下文“as 1, 700 miles of the same viewless climbs stretched on”可知，这段旅程极具挑战性。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：克服无聊将真正的徒步旅行者和放弃者区分开来。A. removed去除；B. protected保护；C. benefited获益；D. separated隔离。根据空后的“the real hikers from the quitters.”可知，这是将真正的徒步旅行者和放弃者区分开来的依据。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过平衡长时间徒步旅行对身体的影响，我成功地完成了2200英里的旅程。A. succeeded in成功；B. turned out结果是；C. took in吸收、理解、欺骗；D. gave away赠送。根据上文以及下文作者最终爬到了山顶可知，作者是成功完成了2200英里的旅程。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨停了以后，我和我的徒步同伴们继续往上爬。A. danger危险；B. accident事故；C. storm暴风雨；D. trial尝试。根据第一段“At 7 a. m. on July 26, I found myself in northern Maine, hiding under a large rock with “strangers” telling jokes as it rained heavily.”可知，空处指的正是上文提到的这场暴风雨。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：云轻轻地散开，露出最后半英里的山顶。A. expose暴露；B. cover覆盖；C. discover发现；D. store存储。根据空前的“clouds slipped away”可知，云是轻轻散开，根据常理可知，这样就可以露出山顶。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我爬到山顶时，我放下背包，拥抱了Skippy，我们的笑声飘荡在广阔的天空。A. related相联系；B. made制作；C. attached附上；D. associated联合。根据空后的“to the top”可知，作者是成功到达了山顶；考查短语：make it，意为“成功做某事”。故选B。
五、单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
请用M1U2-U3所学的单词填空(按中文释义、英文释义+首字母或同根词写出单词的形式) 。
71-73题：请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
56. Everyone’s fingerprints are u_________ (being the only one of its kind) . (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】unique##nique
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。句中用形容词作表语。根据首字母提示及句意，用形容词unique，表示“独一无二的”。故填unique。
57. She r_________ (to ask for sth or ask sb to do sth in a polite or formal way) permission to film at the Summer Palace but she was turned down. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】requested##equested
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：她请求获准在颐和园拍摄，但被拒绝了。“to ask for sth or ask sb to do sth in a polite or formal way”意为“以礼貌或正式的方式请求或要求某人做某事”，也就是“请求”，由首字母提示r可知，是request，根据下文的was turned down可知用一般过去时，故填requested。
58. They managed to overcome great difficulties before they reached their d_________ (a place to which sb / sth is going or being sent) . (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】destination##estination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他们设法克服了很大的困难才到达目的地。形容词性物主代词their后接名词形式作宾语。根据首字母和英文提示可知，用名词destination，表示“目的地”之意，单数形式。故填destination。
74-77题：根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。
59. The exercises are designed to ________(strength) your muscles. （所给词适当形式填空）
【答案】strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这些锻炼是为了加强你的肌肉。设空处接在不定式符号to后，应接动词原形，根据句意和提示词，故填strengthen。
60. The dark days of COVID-19 pandemic was a _________ (stress) time for all of us. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】stressful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：COVID-19大流行的黑暗日子对我们所有人来说都是一个充满压力的时期。名词time 前用形容词修饰。stress的形容词形式为stressful，表示“有压力的”。根据句意，故填stressful。
61. She _________ (package) all the clothes she needed and left the rest in the case. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】unpacked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她把所有需要的衣服都拆开，剩下的留在箱子里。根据句意以及and连接的动词left为过去时可知，此处也应为动词过去时unpacked“拆包；拆开”，满足句意要求。故填unpacked。
62. Our school is widely _________ (admiration) for its excellent teaching. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】admired
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们学校因其优秀的教学而广受赞誉。be admired for“因……而受到赞赏”。根据句意，故填admired。
78-80题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
63. _________ (资料或手册) can both inspire tourists to plan a trip as well as educate them about sights to see and things to do. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Brochures
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：资料或手册既可以激励游客计划旅行，也可以指导他们要看的景点和要做的事情。名词作主语，不止一份资料或手册，用可数名词brochure的复数形式，首字母大写。故填Brochures。
64. I _________ (认出) her by her red hair and yellow ribbon the other day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognized ##recognised
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：那天我通过她的红头发和黄丝带认出了她。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。根据汉语提示及句意，动词“认出”英文为recognize/recognise。根据时间状语the other day可知，用一般过去时。故填recognized/recognised。
65. There are special _________ (安排) for people working overseas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】arrangements
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在海外工作的人有特别的安排。形容词special 后接名词形式。名词“安排”英文为arrangement，作主语，根据谓语动词are可知，主语是复数形式。故填arrangements。
六、短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
请用M1U2-U3及拓展阅读 (My kind of holiday和女排) 所学短语的适当形式填空。
66. In recent years, military forces __________________ (指定, 指派) help with peacekeeping. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】have been assigned to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：近年来，军队被派去协助维持和平。表示“指定/指派某人做某事”为固定短语assign sb. to do sth.，主语military forces和assign是被动关系，且根据时间状语in recent years（近年来）可知，空处使用现在完成时被动语态，主语military forces为复数形式，助动词用have。故填have been assigned to。
67. The children are now ______ (竞争) their mother’s attention by crying. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】competing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：孩子们现在用哭闹来争夺母亲的注意。根据汉语提示，表示“竞争”用compete；同时分析句子，根据句中now以及句意，设空处应该使用动词的现在分词与前文的are构成现在进行时。故填competing。
68. It was reported that design faults in the ship ___________________ (是……的原因之一) the tragedy. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】contributed to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：报道称两艘船在设计上的缺陷是造成悲剧的原因之一。根据汉语提示可知，contribute to是（造成某种情况）的一个原因，结合主句中的was可知，此处也用一般过去时，故填contributed to。
69. Faced with challenges, Lang Ping and her team showed ___________________ (奋斗精神) in the Olympics. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】the fighting spirit
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：面对挑战，郎平和她的团队在奥运会上展现了奋斗的精神。 fighting spirit奋斗精神。根据汉语提示及句意，故填the fighting spirit。
70. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, ___________________ (以冰雕为特色) , is one of four great ice and snow festivals in the world. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】which is characterized by ice sculptures
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和非限定性定语从句。句意：哈尔滨冰雪节是世界四大冰雪节之一，以冰雕为特色。be characterized by以……为特色；ice sculpture冰雕。句中先行词为Harbin Ice and Snow Festival，在非限定性定语中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填which is characterized by ice sculptures。
71. ____________________ (与……比较) 40 years ago, standards in health care have improved enormously. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Compared to
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：与40年前相比，卫生保健的标准有了极大的提高。非谓语动词短语compare...to...把……与……相比，与逻辑主语standards之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Compared to。
72. ______________ (让我惊叹的是) , Nate ran so fast in the sports meeting. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】To my amazement
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：让我惊叹的是，内特在运动会上跑得太快了。根据汉语提示，“让我惊叹的是”应该用固定短语to my amazement表示。故填To my amazement。
73. I believe that our efforts will definitely ___________________ (有作用). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】make a difference
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我相信我们的努力一定会有所不同。根据汉语提示，表示“有作用”含义的动词短语为：make a difference，分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的助动词will可知本句使用了一般将来时，空白处填动词原形，故填make a difference。
74. Jordan says that ______(他成功的秘诀)is learning from his failures. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】the secret to his success##his secret to success
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：乔丹说，他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。表示“他成功的秘诀”可用名词短语the secret to his success或his secret to success，在宾语从句中作主语。故填the secret to his success/his secret to success。
75. The man ___________________ (假装没注意) it, though under his mask he hated it bitterly. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】pretended not to notice
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和不定式。句意：他装作没注意，却在心里发恨。根据汉语提示，pretend“假装”作谓语，由下文的hated可知，用一般过去时，后接不定式作宾语，notice“注意”，用不定式的否定式not to notice，故填pretended not to notice。
七、单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
76. The gunshot sent the birds flying _________ all directions. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：枪声使鸟儿飞向四面八方。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语in all directions意为“四面八方”符合句意。故填in。
77. The success or _________ (fail) of the project depends on your work. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】failure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个项目的成败取决于你的工作。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做主语使用名词，动词fail的名词为：failure，不可数名词。故填failure。
78. We need some more facts and figures ________ we make the final decision. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】before
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在我们做出最终的决定之前，我们需要更多的事实和数据。所填词引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”。故填before。
79. Ms. Smith usually walks her dog in the park _________ is located in the center of the town. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which##that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯女士通常在市中心的公园里遛狗。分析句子可知，先行词为 the park，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词 which 或 that 引导定语从句。故填which 或 that。
80. The final score of the match was 83: 84. We were only _________ (narrow) beaten. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】narrowly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这场比赛的最终比分是83比84。我们只是险胜。分析句子，设空处使用narrow的副词narrowly作状语，修饰动词，意为“刚好地，勉强地”。故填narrowly。
81. People making friends online are afraid of getting _________ (cheat). (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】cheated
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在网上交朋友的人们害怕受到欺骗。people和cheat之间是被动关系，故该句应用被动语态。get done表被动，该空应填过去分词。故填cheated。
82. I was about to go outside _________ it suddenly rained. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正要出去，突然下起雨来了。此处考查固定句型be about to do sth. when…，意为“正准备做某事，突然间……”。故填when。
83. Mental _________ (fit) has now become an important element in our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】fitness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：精神健康现在已成为我们生活中的一个重要因素。作主语，应用fit的名词fitness，为不可数名词。故填fitness。
84. Spain took control ______Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. （用适当的单词填空）
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，一直统治到1821年。结合句意表示“控制”可知，短语为take control of。故填of。
85. It was a great match, marked by _________ (sportsman) and enthusiasm on both sides. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sportsmanship
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一场伟大的比赛，双方都表现出体育精神和热情。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语。此处表示“体育精神，运动员风范”用sportsmanship。故填sportsmanship。
八、背书：课文填空(共10小题;每小题0. 5分，满分5分)
请根据要求背诵的课文段落进行填空。
Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8, 000 statues were made in the third century BC to ___86___ of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of ___87___. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not ___88___ . More than 700, 000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one ___89___ knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were ___90___ .
【答案】86. guard the tomb
87. a real soldier
pletely unearthed
89. in modern times
90. digging a well
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦始皇兵马俑一些情况，包括数量和发现时间等。
【86题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：来看看兵马俑吧：公元前3世纪，为了守护中国秦始皇的陵墓，建造了8000多尊兵马俑。结合句意表示“守护陵墓”应用guard the tomb，此处为不定式作目的状语，to是不定式符号，接动词原形。故填guard the tomb。
87题详解】
考查名词短语。句意：每尊雕像都有不同的面孔，这使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是真实士兵的复制品。结合“a copy of”可知，此处指一个真正士兵的复制品，“真正的士兵”表达为real soldier，此处泛指“一个真实的士兵”，用不定冠词修饰，故填a real soldier。
【88题详解】
考查动词语态和副词。句意：这些雕像只填满了秦始皇巨大坟墓的一部分，仍未完全发掘出来。表示“挖掘”应用动词unearth，与主语构成被动关系，结合上文has not been可知为现在完成时的被动语态，由副词completely修饰。故填completely unearthed。
【89题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这个坟墓，现代才有人知道这个坟墓和兵马俑。结合句意表示“现代”可知短语为in modern times。故填in modern times。
【90题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这个坟墓，现代才有人知道这个坟墓和兵马俑。表示“挖井”短语为dig a well，此处表示过去某个时刻正在做某事用过去进行时，前文有were，空处填现在分词，构成过去进行时。故填 digging a well。
请根据要求背诵的课文段落进行填空。
As a player, Lang Ping brought ___91___ to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans ___92___. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built ___93___. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not ___94___. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were ___95___ ! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.
【答案】91. honour
92. at home and abroad
93. was falling apart
94. lose heart
95. world champions
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了郎平无论是作为个人还是教练都为国家带来了荣誉。她在2015年率领队伍准备世界杯比赛的时候，在球队遭受重创的情况下，并未灰心，带领球队获得世界杯冠军。
【91题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为一名运动员，郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉。根据下文“As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics(作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世锦赛和奥运会上获得奖牌)”并结合常识，郎平在当排球教练以前是一位出色的排球队员，曾经为国家拿到排球世界冠军，可推理出空白处应填表示“荣誉”含义的名词，故填honour。
【92题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：作为一个人，郎平深受国内外球迷的喜爱。根据上文“As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics(作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世锦赛和奥运会上获得奖牌)”可推理出郎平作为教练带领中国女排在世锦赛和奥运会上获得奖牌，可推理出她受到国内外球迷的喜爱，空白处应填表示“国内外”含义的介词短语，故填at home and abroad。
【93题详解】
考查时态、动词短语。句意：郎平组建的球队正在面临着崩溃。根据下文“One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.(一名最优秀的球员受伤了，队长因为心脏问题不得不离开。)”可知，郎平组建的球队中，一名最优秀的球员受伤而且队长因为心脏问题不得不离开球队，可推理出郎平组建的球队面临着崩溃的危险，表示“崩溃”含义的动词短语为：fall apart，分析句子结构，可知空白处表示的是过去某个时间将要发生的动作，使用过去将来时，又因动词fall适用于使用过去进行时表示过去将来时，所以空白处使用过去进行时，又因主语the team为单数，故填was falling apart。
【94题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平并没有灰心。根据下文“She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team.(她以前也遇到过困难，她知道如果她的年轻球员作为一个团队合作，他们就能获胜。)”可知郎平在球队遭受重创的情况下，认为只要球员作为一个团队合作就能获胜，可知郎平并没有灰心，表示“灰心”含义的动词短语为：lose heart，分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的助动词did not可知空白处填动词原形，故填lose heart。
【95题详解】
考查名词。句意：两周后，她们拿到了世界冠军！根据上文“When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested(当中国队备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验)”可知郎平带领的球队参加的是世界杯，可推理出空白处应填表示“世界杯冠军”含义的表达，表示“世界杯冠军”的表达为：world champion，根据主语they为复数，可知空白处应填名词的复数形式，故填world champions。
九、句子翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
请根据括号所给的关键词使用M1U2-U3所学的词汇短语、句型进行句子翻译。
96. 人们挨饿的日子一去不复返了。 (完全倒装句) (汉译英)
【答案】Gone are the days when people suffered from hunger.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和完全倒装。主句讲述事实，时态用一般现在时，“人们挨饿的日子”用限制性定语从句表达，先行词是the days，关系副词when替代先行词在从句中作时间状语，从句谓语动词短语suffer from (遭受)用一般过去时，hunger (饥饿)。主句是主系表结构，the days是主句的主语，形容词gone (一去不复返的，不复存在的)是主句的表语，在此结构中，形容词放句首，主谓完全倒装，为；形容词+be+主语。故翻译为：Gone are the days when people suffered from hunger.
97. 正是有积极的态度他最终成功了。 (强调句) (汉译英)
【答案】It was his positive attitude that finally made him succeed.
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型和时态。强调结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that/who…，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，被强调部分是主语his positive attitude (他积极的态度)，用that，副词finally (最终)作状语，make sb. do sth. (使某人做某事)，succeed (成功)，故翻译为：It was his positive attitude that finally made him succeed.
98. 上个月她进行了健康饮食，这帮她减重了。 (定语从句) (汉译英)
【答案】Last month, she went on a healthy diet, which helped her lose weight.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。“上个月”翻译为last month，在句中作时间状语，句中用一般过去时。“进行了健康饮食”翻译为go on a healthy diet；“帮助某人某事”用短语help sb. do sth.；“减重”用短语lose weight。指代前面一件事，所以用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。根据句意，故翻译为Last month, she went on a healthy diet, which helped her lose weight.
99. 我姐姐在周末宁愿打羽毛球而不愿意慢跑。 (would do... rather than... ) (汉译英)
【答案】My sister would play badminton rather than go jogging on weekends.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。主语为My sister；表示“宁愿做某事而不愿意做某事”句型为would do sth. rather than do sth.；表示“打羽毛球”短语为play badminton；表示“慢跑”短语为go jogging；表示“在周末”短语为on weekends。故翻译为My sister would play badminton rather than go jogging on weekends.
100. 杭州亚运会中，中国运动员们的精彩表现给我们树立了榜样。 (set短语) (汉译英)
【答案】The excellent performance of Chinese athletes at the Hangzhou Asian Games set an example for us.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、动词短语。根据汉语提示，表示“杭州亚运会中”含义的表达为：at the Hangzhou Asian Games，该部分在句子中作后置定语，修饰“中国运动员们的精彩表现”；表示“中国运动员们的精彩表现”含义的表达为：the excellent performance of Chinese athletes；表示“给我们树立了榜样”含义的动词短语为：set an example for us，因句子表达的是一个过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，动词set的过去式与动词原形同形，故本句翻译为：The excellent performance of Chinese athletes at the Hangzhou Asian Games set an example for us.

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