卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站黄浦区2023学年度第一学期高三年级教学质量调研
英 语 试 卷
2023年12月
（完卷时间：120分钟 满分：140分）
第I卷（共100分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street.
2. A. They both prefer E-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks.
C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets.
3. A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price.
C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality.
4. A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room.
C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad.
5. A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes.
C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light.
6. A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London.
B. Londoners should have seen the foreign movie.
C. Londoners had better learn foreigner languages.
D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London.
7. A. The woman missed the discount. B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount.
C. The woman fails to come to class on time. D. The woman can’t join the new classes.
8. A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack.
9. A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn.
C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion.
10. A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds.
B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain.
C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world.
D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation.
11. A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition.
C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor.
12. A. Improving the designs of saving energy.
B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance.
C. Developing a new use for the existing technology.
D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems.
13. A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing.
C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance.
14. A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher.
C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass.
Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage.
15. A. According to how important the work is.
B. According to when the work occurs to you.
C. According to how much you like the subject.
D. According to when the work should be completed.
16. A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task.
C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance.
17. A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan.
C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer.
Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.
18. A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness.
B. They regard them as fashionable appliances.
C. They want to show their taste in gift choices.
D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts.
19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness.
20. A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want.
C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Reconsidering the Staycation
I’ve always been doubtful of the staycation. The newly-invented word is too cute for __21__ feels like a comfort: While other people are off exploring the Blue Lagoon by camper van, you get to stay in your very own home and go to your usual supermarket __22__ cookies!
So, I am fascinated to discover, thanks to my colleague Catherine Pearson, that I __23__ (understand) staycation in a wrong way. Evidently, my tendency __24__ (take) a break without a plan is unlikely to produce a restorative effect. Instead, one should make good preparations for that period of time. Jaime Kurtz, a psychology professor at James Madison University and the author of “The Happy Traveler: Unpacking the Secrets of Better Vacations,” advises __25__ (ask) oneself, “If I were moving away soon, what would I most want to do, and who would I most want to spend time with ”
I like this saying “Live every day as if it were your last.” Any reminder that time is flying is a good one __26__ it gets you to live better. This weekend, you could, for instance, seek out some vegan ice cream __27__ doesn’t taste terrible. You could try running in a pool, which is easier on the joints but as effective as running on land. You could go for a walk or a drive while listening to “Slow Radio,” a very comforting BBC podcast __28__ (feature) sounds of the natural world.
Whether or not you have a proper vacation __29__ (plan) for the coming weeks, you could envision any coming weekend as its own two-day mini-break, programming it as you would a trip to somewhere new, with a journey __30__ (exciting) than just “sleep as much as possible” and “mow the lawn”.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. airflows B. block C. challenges D. cool E. critically F. disproportionately
G. principles H. reduces I. sensitive J. site-specific K. stretches
Skywell
A skywell, or “tian jin”, as it is commonly called, is a typical feature of a traditional home in southern and eastern China. Skywells were designed to reduce temperature in buildings well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories and creates __31__ by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.
The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation(通风) and harvest rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it __32__ out sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Meanwhile, hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell.
Architects are now looking towards the __33__ behind skywells while designing new buildings to save energy. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in the eastern Chinese city of Jinan. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a giant inner skywell in the middle, which __34__ from the fifth to the top floor. The elevators, toilets and meeting rooms are all situated around this channel, which helps improve the lighting and ventilation and __35__ the overall energy consumption.
Ancient “green wisdom” such as skywells continue to inspire today’s climate adaptive design and innovations in methods that depend on design and technology to __36__ a building without the use of power.
However, there are some __37__ for bringing skywells into modern designs. The mechanisms of courtyards facilitating natural lighting, ventilation and rain collection are well known, but applying these methods needs to be __38__. Because traditional skywells had different shapes, sizes and features, which were __39__ dependent on their natural surroundings, adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to be __40__ to their project’s context and situation, making it difficult to apply them as a universal solution.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Turkey is not my thing, but one dish I cannot live without on Thanksgiving is my mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes. I start __41__ these potatoes, my annual time-release capsule of pure joy in early November. I’m pretty sure I’ve had them at every Thanksgiving since I was a kid, and bites often transport me back to different years and different dining rooms.
How and why is it that certain foods give us so much __42__ And what can be said about the kinds of foods we consider most comforting Science tells us that taste and nutritional content affect how foods make us feel, but certain foods are especially __43__ satisfying for reasons that have little to do with their taste or nutritional content. Much of the happiness we get from our favorite foods comes from the memories they stimulate for us and the people we’re with while we __44__ them. Past and present __45__ shape the foods we find comforting.
Often, we love food because we have __46__ memories associated with it. My mom’s mashed potatoes (土豆泥) remind me of holiday joy and past reunions with extended family. We are also drawn to foods we were given early in life by people who cared for us, which can help explain our __47__ love for chicken noodle soup, which many parents feed their sick children to make them feel better.
The smell of food can __48__ powerful memories, too. The part of the brain responsible for processing smell directly connects to the amygdala, a brain region that processes emotions, and the hippocampus, which handles memory. And our memory for smells is __49__ and precise, especially when it comes to smell we were first exposed to in childhood. That’s why you might catch the smell of pumpkin pie baking in the oven and be transported back to the first time you baked it with your grandmother.
These __50__ can go the other way, too. Sometimes you might feel __51__ when you eat foods that remind you of loved ones you miss. We may also __52__ foods that we associate with bad experiences.
In addition to past memories, the __53__ in which we eat foods shapes how much we enjoy them in the moment, and our gustatory(味觉的) experiences can be __54__ by a sense of community, a sense of warmth and enjoying it together. I __55__ my mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes that much more today because I got to eat them with my husband and two children, the three people I love most in the world.
41. A. cutting down on B. looking forward to C. making for D. putting away
42. A. perspective B. pleasure C. space D. transition
43. A. emotionally B. financially C. physically D. visually
44. A. enjoy B. memorize C. order D. recall
45. A. company B. menus C. outlook D. recipes
46. A. cultural B. fond C. photographic D. shared
47. A. collective B. creative C. lost D. parental
48. A. awake B. correct C. preserve D. record
49. A. bitter-sweet B. fresh C. long-lasting D. selective
50. A. associations B. experiences C. foods D. memories
51. A. alert B. amazed C. disappointed D. sad
52. A. avoid B. consume C. store D. swallow
53. A. area B. background C. context D. emotion
54．A. enhanced B. offered C. reflected D. weakened
55. A. adapted B. appreciated C. copied D. digested
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, who together identified a slight chemical change to messenger RNA, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine this year.
Dr. Karikó, the 13th woman to win the prize, had come to the United States from Hungary two decades earlier when her research program there ran out of money. She was preoccupied by mRNA, which provides instructions to cells to make proteins. Defying the decades-old belief that mRNA was clinically unusable, she hold the view that it would stimulate medical innovations.
She and Dr. Weissman had their first chance meeting over a copy machine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1998. At the time, Dr. Weissman was desperate for new approaches to a vaccine(疫苗) against H.I.V., which had long proved impossible to defend against. A physician who had tried and failed for years to develop a treatment for AIDS, he wondered if he and Dr. Karikó could team up to make an H.I.V. vaccine.
For years, they were at a loss. Mice vaccinated with mRNA became inactive. Countless experiments failed. They wandered down one dead end after another. But eventually, the scientists discovered that cells protect their own mRNA with a specific chemical modification(修饰). So they tried making the same change to mRNA manufactured in the lab before vaccinating it into cells. It worked.
At first, other scientists were largely uninterested in taking up that new approach to vaccination. But two biotech companies soon took notice: Moderna, in the United States, and BioNTech, in Germany. Then the coronavirus emerged. Almost instantly, Drs. Karikó and Weissman’s work came together with several factors of different research to put vaccine makers ahead of the game in developing shot.
Brian Ferguson, an immunologist at the University of Cambridge, said. “The work of Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman in the years prior to 2020 prevented tens of millions of deaths and helped the world recover from the worst pandemic in a century. They richly deserve this recognition.”
56. The underlined word “defying” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “__________”.
A. challenging B. confirming C. re-emphasizing D. stating
57. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman’s research
A. They teamed up for the treatment for AIDS in Hungary.
B. They protected their mRNA with a chemical modification.
C. They persevered until they made a change to lab-made mRNA.
D. They manufactured mRNA in mice despite their countless failures.
58. According to Brian Ferguson, Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman deserve the recognition because __________.
A. they took no notice of others’ ignorance
B. they caught attention of two biotech companies
C. their work helped avoid the loss of countless lives
D. their work prevented the outbreak of the pandemic
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. Chemical Changes Identified in the Pandemic
B. Approaches Adopted to Defend Against H.I.V
C. Nobel Prize Awarded to Covid Vaccine Pioneers
D. mRNA Manufactured in a University Lab in USA
(B)
IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDS
The rice cooker can be used by children aged from 8 years and above and persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been supervised/instructed and understand the hazards involved. Children shall not play with the appliance. Cleaning and user care shall not be done by children unless they are older than 8 and supervised. Keep the appliance and wire out of reach of children under 8 years.
If the wire is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer, its service agent, or someone similarly qualified, to avoid hazard.
SERVICE
The product isn’t user-serviceable. If it’s not working, read the instructions, check the plug fuse(保险丝) and main fuse. If it’s still not working, consult your retailer(零售商).
If that doesn’t solve the problem – ring Customer Service – they may be able to offer technical advice.
If they advise you to return the product to us, pack it carefully, include a note with your name, address, day phone number, and what’s wrong. If under guarantee, say where and when purchased, and include proof of purchase. Send it to:
Customer Service
Spectrum Brands (UK) Ltd
Fir Street, Failsworth, Manchester M35 0HS
email: support@
telephone: 0345 658 9700
Please note: If you have purchased the product within the last 6 months, please contact the retailer first to deal with any matters relating to guarantee.
GUARANTEE
Faults affecting product functionality appearing within the guarantee period will be corrected by replacement or repair at our option provided the product is used and maintained in accordance with the instructions. Your legal rights are not affected.
Guarantee period = 2 years from first retail purchase.
To claim an extra 1-year guarantee, register your product online within 28 days of purchase.
Register at: www.russellhobbs.co.uk/productregister/ ( http: / / www. / )
Consumables are guaranteed only for their recommended lifecycle. Replacements are excluded and are only covered by a 1-year guarantee.
60. What can 9-year-olds do with the rice cooker
A. They can clean or repair it alone.
B. They can use it with proper instruction.
C. They can play with it as long as it is not in use.
D. They can supervise their younger brothers who use it.
61. Jennifer bought a rice cooker 10 months ago and now there is something wrong with it, what can she do
A. Call her retailer to extend the guarantee period.
B. Self-check the appliance before asking for help.
C. Email to support@ for technical advice.
D. Return the cooker with contact & purchasing information without the recipe.
62. You can replace a faulty rice cooker in the third year from your purchase if __________.
A. it has been repaired by your retailer or a service agent
B. the product functionality hasn’t been affected seriously
C. you have registered the cooker online as soon as you buy it
D. its consumables are guaranteed for their recommended lifecycle
(C)
①A group of 41 states and the District of Columbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the company knowingly used features on its platforms to cause children to overuse them. The accusations in the lawsuit raise a deeper question about behavior: Are young people becoming addicted to social media and the internet Here’s what the research has found.
②David Greenfield, a psychologist and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction in West Hartford, Conn., said the devices tempt users with some powerful approaches. One is “intermittent reinforcement,” which creates the idea that a user could get a reward at any time. But when the reward comes is unpredictable. Adults are easily influenced, he noted, but young people are particularly at risk, because the brain regions that are involved in resisting temptation and reward are not nearly as developed in children and teenagers as in adults. Moreover, the adolescent brain is especially accustomed to social connections, and “social media is all a perfect opportunity to connect with other people.”
③For many years, the scientific community typically defined addiction in relation to substances, such as drugs, and not behaviors, such as gambling or internet use. That has gradually changed. In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the official reference for mental health conditions, introduced the idea of internet gaming addiction.
④A subsequent study explored broadening the definition to “internet addiction.” The author suggested further exploring diagnostic criteria and the language, for instance, noting that terms like “problematic use” and even the word “internet” were open to broad interpretation, given the many forms the information and its delivery can take.
⑤Dr. Michael Rich, the director of the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston Children’s Hospital, said he discouraged the use of the word “addiction” because the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was not merely useful but also essential to everyday life.
⑥Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses for the internet and that the definition of how much is too much can vary. But he said there also were obvious cases where immoderate use disturbs school, sleep and other vital aspects of a healthy life. Too many young consumers “can’t put it down,” he said. “The internet, including social media like Meta, are the drugs affecting the mind.”
63. What was Meta accused of
A. It added problematic features to its platform.
B. It started a discussion to mislead young people.
C. It tempted children to use social media too much.
D. It conducted illegal research on its parent company.
64. According to David Greenfield, users tend to be addicted to social media and the internet due to _____.
A. their under-developed brain
B. the random pattern of rewards
C. their desire to be socially connected
D. the possibility of escaping from reality
65. What can be concluded about the study introduced in Paragraph 4
A. Addiction is something about behaviors instead of substances.
B. The online language can be interpreted from a broad perspective.
C. Current diagnostic criteria of “internet addiction” isn’t satisfactory.
D. There should be an agreement on the definition of the word “internet”.
66. Dr. Michael Rich and David Greenfield both agree that __________.
A. proper use of the internet does good to children
B. the internet is to blame for disturbing healthy life
C. there are cases against immoderate use of the internet
D. the word “addiction” is improperly used on the internet
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Do I even want them On whose clock B. Why should you challenge that secret timeline of milestones in your head C. This time, quitting her job led to her first album, television appearances and sold-out shows.D. Instead of feeling pressure to hit life events on someone else’s timeline, maybe it’s fine to make our own.E. People are feeling like they’re falling behind, when in fact they’re probably doing exactly what they should.F. She spent years feeling like an outsider and failure as she watched her peers rise in school and work, figuring she’d never catch up.
Defining Success on Your Own Terms
“You go to college right out of high school. That’s the rule, right ” says Nikki Ivey, a sales trainer and consultant outside Jacksonville, Fla. However, it’s not the case for her. Actually, she got her undergraduate degree at 28. __67__
One by one, she missed the milestones she’d envisioned in some imaginary dream life: earning six figures by 30, buying a house by 35. Then she hit one—attaining a high-level executive position in a company. She didn’t love the job. She did love sitting around the dinner table laughing with her kids. “__68__” she asked herself. She ended up leaving the job, and started to wonder about all those milestones.
Danielle Ponder had a career as a lawyer before dedicating herself to singing full time. Working as a public defender in Rochester, N.Y., Danielle Ponder would frequently Google, “Did anyone make it after the age of 35 ” At one point, she quit her day job, only to return a year and a half later, due to the pandemic and disappointing bookings. On the last day of 2021, five days before her 40th birthday, she tried again. __69__ “I don’t know if I could survive this happening to me at 19,” she says. She thinks her insecure teen self wouldn’t have handled the stress of the public eye well.
It can be hard to make a transition later in life. __70__
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why companies are hiring ‘prompt engineers’
With the new generative AI tools, like ChatGPT, anyone can put in a prompt — type in a few words and get a result. But that doesn’t mean that the results will be relevant or accurate.
The key is putting in the right prompt. That’s why some businesses are now hiring prompt engineers — people with the skills, background and practice to talk to so-called large-language AI systems effectively — and why many people expect prompt engineering to be a desirable skill for many kinds of workers to add to their résumés.
In general, the more detailed the request, the closer the response will come to what the user is looking for. But the most effective prompt engineering goes beyond adding detail.
For one thing, adding the right detail to get the best response is crucial. Also, there are many ways to guide how an AI system presents the information it finds, depending on the goal — telling it to write in a certain style or for a certain audience, for instance. Each tool also has particular capabilities and limitations that users can learn to tackle. And the best results often come from an extended conversation with the AI, reacting to what it produces and asking for refinements.
Even for people applying to jobs that don’t clearly mention prompt engineering, having this skill could become essential for all sorts of roles. Art directors could use generative AI to outline ideas, and marketers could use it to develop new slogans. Software engineers could use it to find problems with their code. Lawyers could use it to research a piece of law. This is going to be a foundational skill that all of us need to know. The through line is when you learn a new skill, you can take it in any direction you like.
第II卷（共40分）
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 参观这家博物馆能带你回到20世纪30年代。(visit)
73. 新软件能够以超出预期的速度处理数据。(capable)
74. 超市离我家步行就能到达，买日用品非常方便。(As)
75. 他之所以能成为一名家喻户晓的体育明星，不仅仅是因为他在赛场上酣畅淋漓的表现，更是因为他的努力和谦虚。(not only)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。你校英语社团公众号正在举行主题为“我的2023”的征文活动，写一篇文章投稿。在文中，你必须：
1. 描述一件你今年亲身经历且让你有所成长的事情；
2. 说明这件事对你的意义。
黄浦区2023学年度第一学期高三年级期教学质量调研
英语试卷参考答案
1-5 BCBAB 6-10 AABAB
11-14 ACBB 15-17 DDD 18-20 ADB
21. what 22. for 23. have understood 24. to take 25. asking
26. if 27. that / which 28. featuring 29. planned 30. more exciting
31-35 ABGKH 36-40 DCJEI
41-45 BBAAA 46-50 BAACA 51-55 DACAB
56-59 ACCC 60-62 BBC 63-66 CBCA
67-70 FACD
71.
A right prompt can ensure a satisfying result from generative AI tools, so companies are hiring prompt engineers. Besides details, it’s important to tell the system how to present the information according to your goal, to handle the system’s capabilities and limitations and improve the result through communication. Prompt engineering is an essential skill across multiple industries. (57 words)
72. A visit to / Visiting the museum will take you back to the 1930s.
73. The new software is capable of processing data at speeds greater than expected.
74. As the supermarket is within walking distance from my house, it is convenient to do grocery
shopping.
75. The reason why he has become / What makes him a household name as a sports star is not
only his excellent performance on the court, but also his hard work and modesty.
76. 略
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