卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站2023—2024天津市第四十七中学高三年级第一学期
第二次阶段性检测英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷（共三部分；满分115分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man doing
A. Enjoying a party. B. Asking for advice. C. Buying a gift.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the office. B. In the woman’s house. C. In the classroom.
3. How does the woman feel
A. Relieved. B. Curious. C. Nervous.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A rescue worker. B. A big city. C. A piece of news.
5. When will the speakers have lunch together
A This Tuesday. B. This Thursday. C. This Friday.
第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Colleagues.
7. How will Sara get to the craft store
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.
8. Where will the speakers meet
A. At Sara’s school. B. In the craft store. C. In the restaurant.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。
9. What do we know about John Grisham
A. He has a wide knowledge of math.
B. He helped perfect the legal system.
C. His mother valued his education.
10. What is the ‘man’s major
A. Law. B. Philosophy. C. Psychology.
11. What will the woman do next
A. Have a class. B. Read a book. C. Use public transport.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至15小题。
12. In which country do parents spend the least time on their kids’ studies
A. Japan. B. Finland. C. Britain.
13. What is the first standard for British parents to choose a school for their kids
A. The distance from home. B. The teaching level. C. The school environment.
14. How many parents did the Varkey Foundation survey
A. Nearly 300. B. About 18000. C. Over 30,000.
15. What is Vikas Pota
A. A researcher. B. A president. C. A teacher.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
1. －I’m stuck. Could you show me how to do the physics problem
－Sorry. _______.
A. I’m hopeless at science B. You can say that again
C. That’s not my cup of tea D. It’s not my turn
2. I up my mind about what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.
A. have made B. had made C. was making D. would make
3 ______ you must be informed of before setting out to finish the paper is ______ it is a student-made one.
A. What; / B. That; that C. What; that D. That; /
4. We showed up early and had to wait two hours before the ceremony began. We ________.
A. shouldn’t hurry B. needn’t have hurried C. mustn’t have hurried D. wouldn’t hurry
5. I don’t agree with your application for the summer job, which will probably ______ your studies.
A. interfere with B. argue with C. cooperate with D. react with
6. Glass is obviously a wiser choice for the plant as it can easily be recycled and does not take hundreds of years to like plastic.
A. break off B. break out C. break down D. break into
7. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed .
A. significantly B. anxiously C. fortunately D. generously
8. As the train pulled out, Cindy waved to her parents, tears ________ down her cheeks.
A. to run B. run C. running D. ran
9. The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A. devotion B. division C. potential D. priority
10. In my opinion, punishment, ________ carefully and justly used, will have a negative impact on individuals’ development.
A. if B. unless C. until D. once
11. —Douglas is having to miss the school concert because he’s ill.
—Oh, ________! He has been expecting it so much.
A. far from it B. that’s a shame C. never mind D. I didn’t get it.
12. Students will encounter many challenges in the universities for the first year,________ getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one.
A. of which B. for which C. to which D. by which
13. ________ sure that all the windows are shut, mainly because it is reported that a heavy rain is on the way.
A. Making B. To make C. Having made D. Make
14. I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than television.
A. precious B. efficient C. relevant D. accurate
15. If we all agree on the price of the products, let’s ________ the discussion and come into the next part.
A. make up B. turn up C. wind up D. set up
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you often compare yourself to others In reality, it’s ____16____ for us to do so — especially given the nature of how most of us were raised and the ____17____ cultures in which we live. By comparison, some get ____18____ while some become negative. But both run only a limited time since someone better or worse will show up soon.
The ____19____ of comparison is like the game of the coin. The head means we “win” and we think we have more ____20____ and the tail means we “____21____” and we think we’re worse. However, no one will win ____22____. We will possibly meet someone better than us and end up with some ____23____ or something alike.
How can we ____24____ our comparison process and make it an experience of growth, connection, and self-acceptance It’s simply by ____25____ it directly and going to the source — how we ____26____ ourselves, namely the relationship between man and self. Here are some things we can do to get away from the comparison mode.
Use comparison as a(n) ____27____ to accept, appreciate, and love yourself. When comparison shows up, it generally originates from fear or uncertainty in your heart, not the ill intention. ____28____ criticizing ourselves for what we might do wrong, what if we take this as a cue to take care of and ____29____ ourselves in a real way
Admit people who are ____30____. Another great way to ____31____ the negative impact of comparing ourselves to others is to reach out to them with some ____32____. Faced with other people’s success and talents, the more ____33____ we praise them, the more likely we are to create positive feelings and outcomes in our own lives. There is not a finite amount of success and when we ____34____ people we compare ourselves to, that reminds us that there is more than enough for us to ____35____ and experience wonderful things in our own life as well.
16.
A. significant B. normal C. helpful D. positive
17.
A. painful B. familiar C. competitive D. advanced
18.
A. satisfaction B. knowledge C. argument D. sympathy
19.
A. trap B. content C. reason D. benefit
20.
A. alternatives B. excuses C. changes D. strengths
21.
A. disappear B. continue C. lose D. break
22.
A. casually B. permanently C. aimlessly D. instantly
23.
A. rejection B. curiosity C. enthusiasm D. insecurity
24.
A. transform B. find C. describe D. accelerate
25.
A. avoiding B. sharing C. managing D. creating
26.
A. care for B. rely on C. calm down D. relate to
27.
A. opportunity B. target C. result D. practice
28.
A. Because of B. Instead of C. As for D. But for
29.
A. inspire B. honor C. hide D. blame
30.
A. braver B. better C. weaker D. luckier
31.
A. tell B. analyze C. predict D. remove
32.
A. doubt B. carelessness C. kindness D. responsibility
33.
A. sincerely B. apparently C. formally D. deliberately
34.
A. comfort B. refuse C. acknowledge D. forgive
35.
A. indicate B. discover C. memorize D. compare
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
A
College visits are important. Before you commit years of your life and money to a school，be sure you're choosing a place that is a good match for your personality and interests. You can't get the “feel” of a school from any guidebook，so be sure to visit the campus. Below are a few tips for getting the most out of your college visit.
Explore on Your Own
Of course you should take the official campus tour，but be sure to allow time to hang around on your own. The trained tour guides will show you a school's selling points. But the oldest and prettiest buildings don't give you the entire picture of a college. Try to walk the extra mile and get the complete picture of the campus.
Read the Bulletin Boards
When you visit the student center，academic buildings and residence halls，take a few minutes to read the bulletin boards. They provide an easy way to see what's happening on campus. The ads for lectures，clubs and plays can tell you what's going on outside the classrooms.
Eat in the Dining Hall
You can get a good feel for student life by eating in the dining hall. Try to sit with students if you can. Do the students seem happy or stressed？Also，is the food good？Are there adequate healthy options？Many admission offices will give prospective students coupons（优惠券）for free meals in the dining halls.
Visit a Class in Your Major
If you know what you want to study，a class visit makes a lot of sense. You'll get to observe other students in your field and see how involved they are in classroom discussion. Try to stay after class for a few minutes and chat with the students to get their impressions of their professors and major. Be sure to call in advance to schedule a classroom visit-most colleges don't allow visitors to drop in at class unannounced.
Talk to Lots of Students
Your campus tour guide has been trained to market the school. Try to talk to students who aren't getting paid to impress you. These important conversations can often provide you with information about college life that isn't part of the admission script. Few university officials will tell you if their students spend all weekend drinking or studying，but a group of random students might.
For more tips，please go to collegeapps. .
36. The best way to know about a college in an official campus tour is______________.
A. to walk around the campus alone
B. to take pictures of the campus
C. to visit the oldest and prettiest buildings
D. to hire a trained tour guide
37. Reading the bulletin boards can help you______________
A. decide-the major you want to study
B. find out the after-class activities on campus
C get free coupons from the admission offices
D. find out the options of healthy food
38. If you plan to attend a class on campus，____________.
A. drop in at a class in your major
B. have talks with students before class
C. make an appointment in advance
D. ask the professor for permission
39. To get a real idea of the college during a visit，it's best to talk to_____________
A. famous professors B. campus tour guides
C. admission officers D. random students
40. Where does the passage probably come from？
A. A news report.
B. A tourist poster.
C. An educational journal.
D. A geographical magazine.
B
If you like to laugh your head off, don’t miss “Mark Twain Live”, starring Mike Randall. Luckily, it will make a much anticipated return. This year, Randall is celebrating his 50th year of performing in his one-man show that brings America’s greatest author and humorist to life.
The bond between Mike Randall (born in 1953) and Mark Twain began when Randall started playing Mark Twain at the age of 17. At that time, Randall was a student at Rosary Hill College. At age 20, he performed at the State Department in Washington, D. C. , where John F. Kennedy gave his State of the Union address. And one year later, he brought his interpretation of the “Celebrated Humorist” to New York City.
Randall is the only Mark Twain impersonator (扮演者) to be formally acknowledged by the Daughters of the American Revolution for his impressive performance and the only Mark Twain actor to be a member of the famous National Speakers Association. “Mark Twain Live” is supported by the Mark Twain Museum of Buffalo. Randall is also the “official Mark Twain” of the Huck Finn Jubilee (an annual event), and the Annual Mark Twain Birthday Bash & Symposium.
In five decades of “being” Mark Twain, Randall has given more than 2,000 performances. To transform himself into Twain, Randall needs to spend over three hours at the make-up table. Removing all the make-up is more time-consuming and painful. But he never complains and tries to do well in every performance. Audiences nationwide agree that watching “Mark Twain Live” is a delightful experience, which brings Randall much motivation.
Randall is also brilliant in other areas. He recalled the person that was supposed to report the weather called in sick, so the director of WKBW-TV (a TV station in Buffalo) insisted he do it. “I have no choice but to accept the challenge,” Randall said. Afterwards, he signed a long-term contract with WKBW-TV. To do his job better, he received the approval from the National Weather Association. Also as an award-winning dramatist, Randall’s dramas have been produced at Buffalo’s Alleyway Theatre.
41. What effect would “Mark Twain Live” have on audiences
A. Calming B. Amusing C. Heartbreaking D. Embarrassing
42. What did Randall do in the year of 1974
A. He interviewed John F. Kennedy.
B. He learned acting at Rosary Hill College.
C. He gave a speech at the State Department.
D. He impersonated Mark Twain in New York.
43. Why is Randall’s connection with some organizations and events mentioned
A. To encourage Randall to host more shows
B. To recall Mark Twain’s impact on Americans
C. To highlight Randall’s reputation in the art field
D. To indicate Randall’s special bond with Buffalo
44. Which of the following can best describe Mike Randall
A. Confident and caring B. Open-minded and frank
C. Cautious and independent D. Committed and strong-willed
45. What is another occupation of Mike Randall
A. A forecaster B. ATV director C. A theatre operator D. A drama reviewer
C
Security experts say artificial intelligence (AI) systems used by businesses can make serious, costly mistakes. One way to avoid such mistakes is for companies to employ humans to closely watch AI.
The AI system — the credit scoring service — provided by Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) is used by about two-thirds of the world’s largest banks to help make lending decisions. The system is also used to identify possible cases of credit fraud (欺诈). FICO officials said that one of their company’s AI systems misidentified a large number of credit card fraud cases. The COVID-19 pandemic had caused a large increase in online shopping. The AI system considered the rise in online shopping to be the result of fraudulent activity.
As a result, the AI system told banks to deny millions of purchase attempts from online buyers. The incident happened just as people were hurrying to buy products that were in short supply in stores. But in the end, very few buyers had their purchase requests denied. This is because a group of experts the company employs to observe or monitor its AI system recognized the false fraud identifications. The workers made temporary adjustments and succeeded in shunning an AI-ordered block on spending.
FICO says the expert team is quickly informed about any unusual buying activity that the AI systems might misidentify. But these kinds of corporate teams are not that common. Last year, FICO and the business advisory company McKinsey Company carried out separate studies on the subject. They found that most organizations involved in the study were not closely watching their AI-based programs.
Experts say AI systems mainly make mistakes when real-world situations differ from the situations used in creating the intelligence. In FICO’s case, it said its software expected more in-person shopping than online shopping. This led the system to identify a greater share of financial activity as problematic. Seasonal differences, data-quality changes or extremely unusual events — such as the pandemic — can lead to a series of bad AI predictions.
Aleksander Madry is the director of the MIT Center for Deployable Machine Learning. He said the pandemic must have been a “wake-up call” for businesses not closely monitoring their AI systems. “That’s what really stops us currently from this dream of AI revolutionizing everything,” Madry added.
46. Why does the author mention FICO in Paragraph 2
A. To illustrate the main business of the company
B. To show the common phenomenon of fraudulent activity
C. To give an example of AI systems’ problems in businesses
D. To demonstrate the role of AI systems in the financial industry
47. What does the underlined word “shunning” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Putting off B. Keeping away from C. Making use of D. Giving away
48. What might be the major cause of Al systems’ problems
A. The changes in real situations beyond AI’s database.
B. The ignorance of data quality in creating AI systems.
C. The increase in credit fraud cases during the pandemic.
D. The functional conflicts between different kinds of software.
49. What’s Aleksander Madry’s attitude towards monitoring AI systems
A. Critical B. Unclear C. Suspicious D. Favorable
50. What is the best title for the text
A. Should AI systems be used in banks
B. Do AI systems perform better than humans
C. Should companies trust AI systems completely
D. Can we realize the dream of AI revolutionizing everything
D
Every year, Arctic terns (北极燕鸥) migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic — a round-trip of about 80,000 kilometers. New research finds that these far-flying birds use just a few select routes for their travels.
“The Arctic tern is well-known to people as a record holder. To be exact, it holds the world record for the longest migration of any animal, and therefore interacts with a variety of ecosystems along the way,” lead author Joanna Wong, from the University of British Columbia, says.
“They are an indicator species that can tell us so much about the different ecosystems that they travel through,” Wong continues. “If they don’t make it to their destination in one year, then you know there might be an environmental problem somewhere along their route.”
Globally, Arctic terns are declining. Their crossing such a wide geographic range has made it hard for researchers to see where the problem is. “These birds are difficult to study because they are either residing in polar environments, or on the go,” Wong says.
So in order to track them, Wong and her colleagues attached light-level geolocators to the legs of 53 Arctic terns from five breeding colonies (繁殖群落) throughout North America. These geolocators are actually small computers that record surrounding light intensities. “The length of daylight can tell us the latitude (纬度), while the time of solar noon can tell us the longitude, so we are able to estimate positions of birds,” Wong says.
Researchers compared the routes taken by the birds they followed and the migration timing to other Arctic terns that had previously been tracked. They determined that most Arctic terns use common migratory routes. So terns breeding in different areas such as Canada, the United States. Norway, and Greenland, all end up taking similar routes both when they head south and when they return north.
Some other seabirds also use the same paths, which suggests that the routes aren’t specific just to the Arctic terns and that protecting them may be beneficial to other species.
51. What do Arctic terns have a reputation for
A. Their being long-distance migrants.
B. Their contributions to local ecosystems.
C. Their ability to survive in polar climates.
D. Their being selective about migratory routes.
52. Which of the following statement about Arctic terns may Wong agree with
A. Their migratory destinations vary each year.
B. They choose random routes when migrating.
C. They help us be aware of environmental problems.
D. Their migratory journey usually takes more than one year.
53. What is the challenge researchers meet when studying Arctic terns
A. They can hardly get access to Arctic terns.
B. They know very little about polar environments.
C. They have difficulty protecting Arctic terns’ habitats.
D. They fail to figure out Arctic terns’ annual migratory routes.
54. Why were small computers attached to Arctic terns’ legs
A. To protect Arctic terns from enemies.
B. To help identify Arctic terns’ locations.
C. To monitor Arctic terns’ physical growth.
D. To record the changes of Arctic terns’ breeding colonies.
55. What can be concluded from the study
A. Terns around the world breed at the same place.
B. It’s significant to protect terns’ migratory routes.
C. Conservation of Arctic tern s is easy to achieve.
D. Terns’ migratory routes are affected by other seabirds.
第四部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
After we all came to the conclusion that our family could responsibly care for dog;my husband and I started our search at a local animal shelter.
We discovered a medium-sized male dog named Duke. This dog was a approximately only two years old and seemed to have the sweetest character. He looked at us through intelligent eyes and already knew how to fetch a ball. My husband and I immediately adopted him Duke quickly fit into our family's lifestyle. And he quickly learned the tricks like “sit",and “come”.
But there was one skill that Duke could not seem to grasp---that of a watchdog. My husband was trying to teach him to remind us by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard. Duke would listen carefully to my husband's commands,but would cock (竖起)his head to one side in confusion and disappointment as if to tell his master that he just didn't understand what my husband was asking him to do. My husband would give his "watch” command. Duke would stand up---muscles tightened in readiness,but would not have a clue as to what he was in readiness for.
One morning we heard the garbage collectors come up the driveway to get our garbage . My busband went to the open bedroom window so Duke could hear and see the men through the screen.
“Watch"my husband commanded. Duke rose in readiness, looked at my husband as sudden comprehension dawned on him,gave a quick tail wave, and leaped through the window screenjumping happily out to greet the garbage men.
Seeing that, I couldn't help laughing. My laughter did nothing for my husbands mood when he found what was happening and he just went away to repair the screen with no expression on his face.
Duke brought our family so much fun. We never scolded or beat him. He was one of our family members.
56. What was Duke like when the author adopted him (no more than 10 words)
________________
57. What did the author's husband expect Duke to do as a watchdog (no more than 15 words)
________________
58. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 5 (no more than 10 words)
________________
59. How did the author and her husband feel about Duke's leaping through the window (no more than 10 words)
________________
60. How do you think people should treat their pets (no more than 20 words)
________________
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61. 假设你是李津，近期你结束了2023成都大运会志愿者工作。你的英国笔友Tom对你的经历感兴趣，写信询问你的感受，请你写一封回信，要点如下：
1. 得知被选中当志愿者的心情
2. 你工作职责
3. 你的收获和感受
注意：①词数不少于100词；
②可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
③开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：2023成都大运会：2023 Chengdu World University Games
Dear Tom:
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Jin2023—2024天津市第四十七中学高三年级第一学期
第二次阶段性检测英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷（共三部分；满分115分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man doing
A. Enjoying a party. B. Asking for advice. C. Buying a gift.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A In the office. B. In the woman’s house. C. In the classroom.
3. How does the woman feel
A. Relieved. B. Curious. C. Nervous.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A rescue worker. B. A big city. C. A piece of news.
5. When will the speakers have lunch together
A. This Tuesday. B. This Thursday. C. This Friday.
第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Colleagues.
7. How will Sara get to the craft store
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.
8. Where will the speakers meet
A. At Sara’s school. B. In the craft store. C. In the restaurant.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。
9. What do we know about John Grisham
A. He has a wide knowledge of math.
B. He helped perfect the legal system.
C His mother valued his education.
10. What is the ‘man’s major
A. Law. B. Philosophy. C. Psychology.
11. What will the woman do next
A. Have a class. B. Read a book. C. Use public transport.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至15小题。
12. In which country do parents spend the least time on their kids’ studies
A. Japan. B. Finland. C. Britain.
13. What is the first standard for British parents to choose a school for their kids
A. The distance from home. B. The teaching level. C. The school environment.
14. How many parents did the Varkey Foundation survey
A. Nearly 300. B. About 18,000. C. Over 30,000.
15. What is Vikas Pota
A. A researcher. B. A president. C. A teacher.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
1. －I’m stuck. Could you show me how to do the physics problem
－Sorry. _______.
A. I’m hopeless at science B. You can say that again
C. That’s not my cup of tea D. It’s not my turn
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我被难住了。你能教我怎么做这道物理题吗？——对不起。我对科学一窍不通。A. I’m hopeless at science我对科学一窍不通；B. You can say that again说得好；C. That’s not my cup of tea那不是我喜欢的类型；D. It’s not my turn还没轮到我。由Sorry可知，第二个说话人也不会做物理题，因此空格处意为“我对科学一窍不通”。故选A。
2. I up my mind about what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.
A. have made B. had made C. was making D. would make
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：我已经决定了在研讨会上要说什么，但它被取消了。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据it was cancelled可知，该句描述的是过去的事情，结合句意可知，“决定”这一行为发生在研讨会“被取消”之前，而“被取消”使用的是一般过去时态，所以该空应使用过去完成时态。故选B项。
3. ______ you must be informed of before setting out to finish the paper is ______ it is a student-made one.
A. What; / B. That; that C. What; that D. That; /
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：在开始完成这篇论文之前，你必须被告知这是一篇学生自己完成的论文。分析句子可知，前半句为主语从句，句中缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导；后半句为表语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故选C。
4. We showed up early and had to wait two hours before the ceremony began. We ________.
A. shouldn’t hurry B. needn’t have hurried C. mustn’t have hurried D. wouldn’t hurry
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们到得很早，在仪式开始前等了两个小时。我们本不必这么匆忙。A. shouldn’t hurry不该匆忙；B. needn’t have hurried本不该这么匆忙；C. mustn’t have hurried肯定不这么匆忙；D. wouldn’t hurry将不这么匆忙。由语意可知，我们来得早，还等了两个小时，因此可知，我们不需要来这么早，不必这么匆忙的，此处考查needn’t have done结构，表示“过去本不必要做但已经做了”。故选B项。
5. I don’t agree with your application for the summer job, which will probably ______ your studies.
A. interfere with B. argue with C. cooperate with D. react with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不同意你申请暑期工作，那可能会干扰你的学习。A. interfere with干扰，妨碍；B. argue with与……争论；C. cooperate with与……合作；D. react with与……发生反应。根据“don’t agree with your application for the summer job”可推知，不同意申请暑期工作的原因是会干扰学习，用动词短语interfere with，符合句意。故选A项。
6. Glass is obviously a wiser choice for the plant as it can easily be recycled and does not take hundreds of years to like plastic.
A. break off B. break out C. break down D. break into
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于植物来说，玻璃显然是一个更明智的选择，因为它可以很容易地回收利用，并且不像塑料那样需要数百年才能分解。A. break off停止；B. break out爆发；C. break down分解；D. break into突然闯入。根据空后like plastic及常识可知，此处指不像塑料那样需要数百年才能分解，应用break down。故选C项。
7. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed .
A. significantly B. anxiously C. fortunately D. generously
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：多亏了科技进步，我们的交友和交流方式已经有了显著的改变。A. significantly显著地、明显地；B. anxiously焦急地；C. fortunately幸运的是；D. generously慷慨地。分析句子可知，此处应该使用副词来修饰动词changed，结合句意可知，此处significantly意为“显著地”符合句意。故选A项。
8. As the train pulled out, Cindy waved to her parents, tears ________ down her cheeks.
A. to run B. run C. running D. ran
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：火车开动时，辛迪向父母挥手，泪水顺着脸颊流下来。空处是独立主格结构，run和逻辑主语tears间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故选C项。
9. The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A. devotion B. division C. potential D. priority
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优先考虑。A. devotion献身；B. division分开；C. potential潜能；D. priority优先事项。根据后文“those in the most serious and immediate danger”指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority to。故选D。
10. In my opinion, punishment, ________ carefully and justly used, will have a negative impact on individuals’ development.
A. if B. unless C. until D. once
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，惩罚，除非谨慎和公正地使用，否则将对个人的发展产生负面影响。A. if如果；B. unless除非，如果不；C. until直到；D. once一旦。结合句意可知，此处指“惩罚如果不谨慎和公正地使用，将对个人的发展产生负面影响”，unless除非，如果不，符合题意，故选B。
11. —Douglas is having to miss the school concert because he’s ill.
—Oh, ________! He has been expecting it so much.
A. far from it B. that’s a shame C. never mind D. I didn’t get it.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——道格拉斯因为生病不得不错过学校的音乐会。——真遗憾，他期待已久。A.far from it远非； B. that’s a shame 真遗憾；C.never mind 没关系；D.I didn’t get it我不明白。根据“He has been expecting it so much”可知，真遗憾，他期待已久。故选B项。
12. Students will encounter many challenges in the universities for the first year,________ getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one.
A. of which B. for which C. to which D. by which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在大学的第一年，学生们将面临许多挑战，其中最重要的挑战之一是迅速适应新环境。先行词为many challenges，定语从句为getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one of，先行词表示物作宾语，用which，of提前。故选A项。
13. ________ sure that all the windows are shut, mainly because it is reported that a heavy rain is on the way.
A. Making B. To make C. Having made D. Make
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：确保所有的窗户都关上，主要是因为据报道大雨即将来临。分析句子结构，这是一个祈使句，根据祈使句的用法，祈使句以动词原形开头，故选D项。
14. I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than television.
A. precious B. efficient C. relevant D. accurate
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直相信印刷媒体通常比电视更准确、更可靠。A. precious宝贵的；B. efficient有效的；C. relevant相关的；D. accurate准确的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词accurate“准确的”作表语，满足句意要求。故选D项。
15. If we all agree on the price of the products, let’s ________ the discussion and come into the next part.
A. make up B. turn up C. wind up D. set up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果大家对产品价格意见一致的话，让我们结束讨论进入下一阶段。 A. make up构成、编造；B. turn up出现；C. wind up完成、停止（活动）；D. set up建立。根据“come into next part”可知，此处表示结束讨论。故选C项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you often compare yourself to others In reality, it’s ____16____ for us to do so — especially given the nature of how most of us were raised and the ____17____ cultures in which we live. By comparison, some get ____18____ while some become negative. But both run only a limited time since someone better or worse will show up soon.
The ____19____ of comparison is like the game of the coin. The head means we “win” and we think we have more ____20____ and the tail means we “____21____” and we think we’re worse. However, no one will win ____22____. We will possibly meet someone better than us and end up with some ____23____ or something alike.
How can we ____24____ our comparison process and make it an experience of growth, connection, and self-acceptance It’s simply by ____25____ it directly and going to the source — how we ____26____ ourselves, namely the relationship between man and self. Here are some things we can do to get away from the comparison mode.
Use comparison as a(n) ____27____ to accept, appreciate, and love yourself. When comparison shows up, it generally originates from fear or uncertainty in your heart, not the ill intention. ____28____ criticizing ourselves for what we might do wrong, what if we take this as a cue to take care of and ____29____ ourselves in a real way
Admit people who are ____30____. Another great way to ____31____ the negative impact of comparing ourselves to others is to reach out to them with some ____32____. Faced with other people’s success and talents the more ____33____ we praise them, the more likely we are to create positive feelings and outcomes in our own lives. There is not a finite amount of success and when we ____34____ people we compare ourselves to, that reminds us that there is more than enough for us to ____35____ and experience wonderful things in our own life as well.
16.
A. significant B. normal C. helpful D. positive
17.
A. painful B. familiar C. competitive D. advanced
18.
A. satisfaction B. knowledge C. argument D. sympathy
19.
A. trap B. content C. reason D. benefit
20.
A. alternatives B. excuses C. changes D. strengths
21.
A. disappear B. continue C. lose D. break
22.
A. casually B. permanently C. aimlessly D. instantly
23.
A. rejection B. curiosity C. enthusiasm D. insecurity
24.
A. transform B. find C. describe D. accelerate
25.
A. avoiding B. sharing C. managing D. creating
26.
A. care for B. rely on C. calm down D. relate to
27.
A. opportunity B. target C. result D. practice
28.
A. Because of B. Instead of C. As for D. But for
29.
A. inspire B. honor C. hide D. blame
30.
A. braver B. better C. weaker D. luckier
31.
A. tell B. analyze C. predict D. remove
32.
A. doubt B. carelessness C. kindness D. responsibility
33.
A. sincerely B. apparently C. formally D. deliberately
34.
A. comfort B. refuse C. acknowledge D. forgive
35.
A. indicate B. discover C. memorize D. compare
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们通常与别人作比较，这会让有些人满足，有些人变得消极。文章主要介绍了我们应该如何摆脱比较。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们这样做是正常的——尤其是考虑到我们大多数人的成长环境和我们生活的竞争文化。A. significant有意义的；B. normal正常的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. positive积极的。由下文“especially given the nature of how most of us were raised”可知，考虑到我们大多数人的成长环境，和别人相比是正常的，故选B。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们这样做是正常的——尤其是考虑到我们大多数人的成长环境和我们生活的竞争文化。A. painful痛苦的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. advanced先进的。由下文“cultures in which we live”可知，我们生活在竞争的文化，所以和别人相比是正常的，故选C。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过相比，有些人得到满足，而有些人变得消极。A. satisfaction满足；B. knowledge知识；C. argument争论；D. sympathy同情。由下文“while some become negative.”可知，while前后是对比关系，通过相比，有些人得到满足，而有些人变得消极。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：比较的陷阱就像硬币游戏。A. trap陷阱；B. content内容；C. reason原因；D. benefit好处。由下文“of comparison is like the game of the coin. ”和“no one will win”可知，比较的陷阱就像是硬币游戏一样，没有人会总是赢，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正面意味着我们“赢”，我们认为我们有更多的优势，反面意味着我们“输”，我们认为我们更差。A. alternatives选择；B. excuses借口；C. changes改变；D. strengths优点。由上文“The head means we “win” and we think we have more”可知，作比较就像是扔硬币一样，正面意味着我们“赢”，这让我们认为与别人相比，我们有更多优点，故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正面意味着我们“赢”，我们认为我们有更多的优点，反面意味着我们“输”，我们认为我们更差。A. disappear消失；B. continue继续；C. lose输；D. break打破。由下文“and we think we’re worse”可知，我们认为我们更差，这说明我们“输”了，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有人会永远赢。A. casually随便地；B. permanently永久地；C. aimlessly漫无目的地；D. instantly立即。由上文“However, no one will win”可知，没有人永远会赢，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会遇到一些比我们更好的人，最终会有一些不安全感或类似的东西。A. rejection拒绝；B. curiosity好奇；C. enthusiasm热情；D. insecurity不安全。由上文“We will possibly meet someone better than us and end up with some”可知，与别人做比较时，当别人比我们更好时，我们会有一些不安全感，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们怎样才能改变我们的比较过程，使它成为一种成长、联系和自我接纳的体验？A. transform改变；B. find找到；C. describe描写；D. accelerate加速。由下文“make it an experience of growth, connection, and self-acceptance ”可知，使比较成为一种成长、联系和自我接纳的体验，这说明在改变我们的比较过程，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只是简单地避免它，直接找到根源——我们如何与自己联系，即人与自我之间的关系。A. avoiding避免；B. sharing分享；C. managing管理；D. creating创作。由下文“it directly”可知，改变我们的比较过程，使它成为一种成长、联系和自我接纳的体验的方法就是避免比较，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：只是简单地避免它，直接找到根源——我们如何与自己联系，即人与自我之间的关系。A. care for关心；B. rely on依靠；C. calm down冷静下来；D. relate to联系。由下文“namely the relationship between man and self.”中的relationship可知，我们要避免比较，找到找到我们如何与自己联系的根源，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：把比较作为接受、欣赏和爱自己的机会。A. opportunity机会；B. target目标；C. result结果；D. practice练习。由下文“to accept, appreciate, and love yourself.”可知，把比较作为接受、欣赏和爱自己的机会。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：与其为我们可能做错的事情批评自己，不如我们把这当作一个暗示，以一种真正的方式照顾和激励自己？A. Because of因为；B. Instead of 代替；C. As for关于；D. But for要不是。由下文“riticizing ourselves for what we might do wrong, what if we take this as a cue to take care of ”可知，我们不应该为我们可能做错的事情批评自己，而是要把这当作一个暗示，以一种真正的方式照顾和激励自己，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其为我们可能做错的事情批评自己，不如我们把这当作一个暗示，以一种真正的方式照顾和激励自己？A. inspire鼓励；B. honor尊敬；C. hide隐藏；D. blame责怪。由上文“what if we take this as a cue to take care of and”可知，我们应该照顾自己，鼓励自己。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接纳更好的人。A. braver更勇敢的；B. better更好的；C. weaker更虚弱的；D. luckier更幸运的。根据上文“Here are some things we can do to get away from the comparison mode.”可知，此处在讲述摆脱比较模式的方法，即我们应该接纳那些更好的人，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 另一个消除与他人比较的负面影响的好方法是带着一些善意去接触他们。A. tell告诉；B. analyze分析；C. predict预测；D. remove消除。由下文“the negative impact of comparing ourselves to others”可知，此处在讲述另一个消除与他人比较的负面影响的好方法，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： 另一个消除与他人比较的负面影响的好方法是带着一些善意去接触他们。A. doubt怀疑；B. carelessness粗心大意；C. kindness善良；D. responsibility责任。由上文“Another great way to ________ the negative impact of comparing ourselves to others is to reach out to them with some”可知，消除与他人比较的负面影响的好方法是要带着一些善意去接触他们，下文“we praise them, the more likely we are to create positive feelings and outcomes in our own lives”提到要赞扬那些比我们更好的人，也是提示，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：面对别人的成功和天赋，我们越是真诚地赞美他们，我们就越有可能在自己的生活中创造积极的感觉和结果。A. sincerely真诚地；B. apparently清楚地；C. formally正式地；D. deliberately故意地。由下文“we praise them, the more likely we are to create positive feelings and outcomes in our own lives”可知，我们越是真诚地赞美他们，我们就越有可能在自己的生活中创造积极的感觉和结果。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功的数量是有限的，当我们认可我们与之相比较的人时，这提醒我们，在我们自己的生活中，发现和体验美好的事物是绰绰有余的。A. comfort安慰；B. refuse拒绝；C. acknowledge承认，认可；D. forgive原谅。由下文“people we compare ourselves to, that reminds us that there is more than enough for us to ”可知，当我们认可我们相比较的人时，我们会发现一些美好的事物，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功的数量是有限的，当我们认可与我们之相比较的人时，这提醒我们，在我们自己的生活中，发现和体验美好的事物是绰绰有余的。A. indicate暗示；B. discover发现；C. memorize记住；D. compare比较。由下文“and experience wonderful things in our own life as well.”可知，当我们认可我们与之相比较的人时，我们会发现并体验美好的事物，故选B。
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
A
College visits are important. Before you commit years of your life and money to a school，be sure you're choosing a place that is a good match for your personality and interests. You can't get the “feel” of a school from any guidebook，so be sure to visit the campus. Below are a few tips for getting the most out of your college visit.
Explore on Your Own
Of course you should take the official campus tour，but be sure to allow time to hang around on your own. The trained tour guides will show you a school's selling points. But the oldest and prettiest buildings don't give you the entire picture of a college. Try to walk the extra mile and get the complete picture of the campus.
Read the Bulletin Boards
When you visit the student center，academic buildings and residence halls，take a few minutes to read the bulletin boards. They provide an easy way to see what's happening on campus. The ads for lectures，clubs and plays can tell you what's going on outside the classrooms.
Eat in the Dining Hall
You can get a good feel for student life by eating in the dining hall. Try to sit with students if you can. Do the students seem happy or stressed？Also，is the food good？Are there adequate healthy options？Many admission offices will give prospective students coupons（优惠券）for free meals in the dining halls.
Visit a Class in Your Major
If you know what you want to study，a class visit makes a lot of sense. You'll get to observe other students in your field and see how involved they are in classroom discussion. Try to stay after class for a few minutes and chat with the students to get their impressions of their professors and major. Be sure to call in advance to schedule a classroom visit-most colleges don't allow visitors to drop in at class unannounced.
Talk to Lots of Students
Your campus tour guide has been trained to market the school. Try to talk to students who aren't getting paid to impress you. These important conversations can often provide you with information about college life that isn't part of the admission script. Few university officials will tell you if their students spend all weekend drinking or studying，but a group of random students might.
For more tips，please go to collegeapps. .
36. The best way to know about a college in an official campus tour is______________.
A. to walk around the campus alone
B. to take pictures of the campus
C. to visit the oldest and prettiest buildings
D. to hire a trained tour guide
37. Reading the bulletin boards can help you______________
A. decide-the major you want to study
B. find out the after-class activities on campus
C. get free coupons from the admission offices
D. find out the options of healthy food
38. If you plan to attend a class on campus，____________.
A drop in at a class in your major
B. have talks with students before class
C. make an appointment in advance
D ask the professor for permission
39. To get a real idea of the college during a visit，it's best to talk to_____________
A. famous professors B. campus tour guides
C. admission officers D. random students
40. Where does the passage probably come from？
A. A news report.
B. A tourist poster.
C. An educational journal.
D. A geographical magazine.
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于说明文，本文对上大学之前需要了解的信息给出了一些建议，可以自行探索，阅读公告栏，在餐厅试吃，旁听课程和与其他同学交谈。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个标题下的第一句中的"but be sure to allow time to hang around on your own"可知，要想了解一所大学，最好能独自在校园逗留一段时间。故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的They provide an easy way to see what's happening on campus，可知，公告栏可以让你了解校园课外活动的相关信息。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四个标题下的Be sure to call in advance to schedule a classroom visit-most colleges don't allow visitors to drop in on class unannounced。可知，并不是所有的课都可以旁听的，你需要提前预约。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五个标题下的You'll get to observe other students in your field and see how involved they are in classroom discussion可知，要想真正了解一所大学的情况，最好能随机地和一些学生交谈。故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文对上大学之前需要了解的信息给出了一些建议，所以最有可能来自教育期刊。故选C。
B
If you like to laugh your head off, don’t miss “Mark Twain Live”, starring Mike Randall. Luckily, it will make a much anticipated return. This year, Randall is celebrating his 50th year of performing in his one-man show that brings America’s greatest author and humorist to life.
The bond between Mike Randall (born in 1953) and Mark Twain began when Randall started playing Mark Twain at the age of 17. At that time, Randall was a student at Rosary Hill College. At age 20, he performed at the State Department in Washington, D. C. , where John F. Kennedy gave his State of the Union address. And one year later, he brought his interpretation of the “Celebrated Humorist” to New York City.
Randall is the only Mark Twain impersonator (扮演者) to be formally acknowledged by the Daughters of the American Revolution for his impressive performance and the only Mark Twain actor to be a member of the famous National Speakers Association. “Mark Twain Live” is supported by the Mark Twain Museum of Buffalo. Randall is also the “official Mark Twain” of the Huck Finn Jubilee (an annual event), and the Annual Mark Twain Birthday Bash & Symposium.
In five decades of “being” Mark Twain, Randall has given more than 2,000 performances. To transform himself into Twain, Randall needs to spend over three hours at the make-up table. Removing all the make-up is more time-consuming and painful. But he never complains and tries to do well in every performance. Audiences nationwide agree that watching “Mark Twain Live” is a delightful experience, which brings Randall much motivation.
Randall is also brilliant in other areas. He recalled the person that was supposed to report the weather called in sick, so the director of WKBW-TV (a TV station in Buffalo) insisted he do it. “I have no choice but to accept the challenge,” Randall said. Afterwards, he signed a long-term contract with WKBW-TV. To do his job better, he received the approval from the National Weather Association. Also as an award-winning dramatist, Randall’s dramas have been produced at Buffalo’s Alleyway Theatre.
41. What effect would “Mark Twain Live” have on audiences
A. Calming B. Amusing C. Heartbreaking D. Embarrassing
42. What did Randall do in the year of 1974
A. He interviewed John F. Kennedy.
B. He learned acting at Rosary Hill College.
C. He gave a speech at the State Department.
D. He impersonated Mark Twain in New York.
43. Why is Randall’s connection with some organizations and events mentioned
A. To encourage Randall to host more shows
B. To recall Mark Twain’s impact on Americans
C. To highlight Randall’s reputation in the art field
D. To indicate Randall’s special bond with Buffalo
44. Which of the following can best describe Mike Randall
A. Confident and caring B. Open-minded and frank
C. Cautious and independent D. Committed and strong-willed
45. What is another occupation of Mike Randall
A. A forecaster B. ATV director C. A theatre operator D. A drama reviewer
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍马克·吐温的成功扮演者Mike Randall的艺术旅程。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“If you like to laugh your head off, don’t miss ‘Mark Twain Live’, starring Mike Randall. Luckily, it will make a much anticipated return. This year, Randall is celebrating his 50th year of performing in his one-man show that brings America’s greatest author and humorist to life.(如果你喜欢开怀大笑，不要错过由Mike Randall主演的《马克·吐温现场秀》。幸运的是，它将获得万众期待的回报。今年，Randall将在他的独角戏中庆祝他的表演50周年，这场独角戏将这位美国最伟大的作家和幽默作家带到了生活中。)”可知，《马克·吐温现场秀》会让观众感到有趣。故选B项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“he bond between Mike Randall (born in 1953) and Mark Twain began when Randall started playing Mark Twain at the age of 17. At that time, Randall was a student at Rosary Hill College. At age 20, he performed at the State Department in Washington, D. C. , where John F. Kennedy gave his State of the Union address. And one year later, he brought his interpretation of the ‘Celebrated Humorist’ to New York City.(Mike Randall（1953年出生）和马克·吐温之间的关系始于Randall17岁开始扮演马克·吐温。当时，Randall是罗萨里山学院的一名学生。20岁时，他在华盛顿特区的国务院表演，约翰·F·肯尼迪在那里发表了国情咨文。一年后，他把他对‘著名幽默家’的诠释带到了纽约市。)”可知，在1974时（1953+20+1），Randall把他扮演的马克·吐温带到了纽约市。故选D项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“Randall is the only Mark Twain impersonator (扮演者) to be formally acknowledged by the Daughters of the American Revolution for his impressive performance and the only Mark Twain actor to be a member of the famous National Speakers Association. ‘Mark Twain Live’ is supported by the Mark Twain Museum of Buffalo. Randall is also the ‘official Mark Twain’of the Huck Finn Jubilee (an annual event), and the Annual Mark Twain Birthday Bash & Symposium.(Randall是唯一一位因其令人印象深刻的表演而被美国革命之女正式认可的马克·吐温扮演者，也是唯一一位成为著名的全国演说家协会成员的马克·吐温演员。《马克·吐温现场秀》由 Buffalo马克·吐温博物馆支持。Randall还是Huck Finn Jubilee （一项年度活动）和年度马克·吐温生日狂欢和研讨会的‘官方马克·吐温’。)”可知，文章提到Randall与一些组织和活动的联系是为了突出Randall在艺术领域的声誉。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“In five decades of ‘being’ Mark Twain, Randall has given more than 2,000 performances. To transform himself into Twain, Randall needs to spend over three hours at the make-up table. Removing all the make-up is more time-consuming and painful. But he never complains and tries to do well in every performance. Audiences nationwide agree that watching ‘Mark Twain Live’ is a delightful experience, which brings Randall much motivation.(在‘成为’马克·吐温的50年里，Randall已经表演了2000多场。为了把自己变成吐温，Randall需要花三个多小时在化妆台上。卸下所有的化妆品更加耗时和痛苦。但他从不抱怨，每次表演都努力做好。全国观众一致认为观看《马克·吐温现场秀》是一次愉快的经历，这给Randall带来了很大的动力。)”可知，Randall演马克·吐温50年2000场，说明他意志坚定的（strong-willed）做好一件事，由花三个小时化妆等说明他尽心尽力的（committed）去表演。故选D项。
【45题详解】
细节理解题，由文章最后一段“He recalled the person that was supposed to report the weather called in sick, so the director of WKBW-TV (a TV station in Buffalo) insisted he do it.‘I have no choice but to accept the challenge,’ Randall said. Afterwards, he signed a long-term contract with WKBW-TV. To do his job better, he received the approval from the National Weather Association. (他回忆说，本应报告天气的人请了病假，所以WKBW-TV（布法罗的一家电视台）的导演坚持让他这么做。Randall说：‘我别无选择，只能接受挑战。’之后，他与WKBW-TV签订了一份长期合同。为了更好地完成工作，他得到了美国国家气象协会的批准。)”可知，Randall还是一名天气预报员。故选A项。
C
Security experts say artificial intelligence (AI) systems used by businesses can make serious, costly mistakes. One way to avoid such mistakes is for companies to employ humans to closely watch AI.
The AI system — the credit scoring service — provided by Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) is used by about two-thirds of the world’s largest banks to help make lending decisions. The system is also used to identify possible cases of credit fraud (欺诈). FICO officials said that one of their company’s AI systems misidentified a large number of credit card fraud cases. The COVID-19 pandemic had caused a large increase in online shopping. The AI system considered the rise in online shopping to be the result of fraudulent activity.
As a result, the AI system told banks to deny millions of purchase attempts from online buyers. The incident happened just as people were hurrying to buy products that were in short supply in stores. But in the end, very few buyers had their purchase requests denied. This is because a group of experts the company employs to observe or monitor its AI system recognized the false fraud identifications. The workers made temporary adjustments and succeeded in shunning an AI-ordered block on spending.
FICO says the expert team is quickly informed about any unusual buying activity that the AI systems might misidentify. But these kinds of corporate teams are not that common. Last year, FICO and the business advisory company McKinsey Company carried out separate studies on the subject. They found that most organizations involved in the study were not closely watching their AI-based programs.
Experts say AI systems mainly make mistakes when real-world situations differ from the situations used in creating the intelligence. In FICO’s case, it said its software expected more in-person shopping than online shopping. This led the system to identify a greater share of financial activity as problematic. Seasonal differences, data-quality changes or extremely unusual events — such as the pandemic — can lead to a series of bad AI predictions.
Aleksander Madry is the director of the MIT Center for Deployable Machine Learning. He said the pandemic must have been a “wake-up call” for businesses not closely monitoring their AI systems. “That’s what really stops us currently from this dream of AI revolutionizing everything,” Madry added.
46. Why does the author mention FICO in Paragraph 2
A. To illustrate the main business of the company
B. To show the common phenomenon of fraudulent activity
C. To give an example of AI systems’ problems in businesses
D. To demonstrate the role of AI systems in the financial industry
47. What does the underlined word “shunning” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Putting off B. Keeping away from C. Making use of D. Giving away
48. What might be the major cause of Al systems’ problems
A. The changes in real situations beyond AI’s database.
B. The ignorance of data quality in creating AI systems.
C. The increase in credit fraud cases during the pandemic.
D. The functional conflicts between different kinds of software.
49. What’s Aleksander Madry’s attitude towards monitoring AI systems
A. Critical B. Unclear C. Suspicious D. Favorable
50. What is the best title for the text
A. Should AI systems be used in banks
B. Do AI systems perform better than humans
C. Should companies trust AI systems completely
D. Can we realize the dream of AI revolutionizing everything
【答案】46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述，企业使用的人工智能系统可能会犯下严重且代价高昂的错误，所以公司应雇佣人类密切关注人工智能。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“The AI system — the credit scoring service — provided by Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) is used by about two-thirds of the world’s largest banks to help make lending decisions. The system is also used to identify possible cases of credit fraud (欺诈). FICO officials said that one of their company’s AI systems misidentified a large number of credit card fraud cases. The COVID-19 pandemic had caused a large increase in online shopping. The AI system considered the rise in online shopping to be the result of fraudulent activity.(Fair Isaac Corporation（FICO）提供的人工智能系统——信用评分服务——被世界上大约三分之二的最大银行用来帮助做出贷款决策。该系统还用于识别可能的信用欺诈案件。FICO官员表示，他们公司的一个人工智能系统错误识别了大量信用卡欺诈案件。新冠肺炎大流行导致网上购物大幅增加。人工智能系统认为网上购物的兴起是欺诈活动的结果。)”可知，文章提到 FICO是为了举一个人工智能系统在商业中存在问题的例子。故选C项。
【47题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第三段“But in the end, very few buyers had their purchase requests denied. This is because a group of experts the company employs to observe or monitor its AI system recognized the false fraud identifications. The workers made temporary adjustments and succeeded in shunning an AI-ordered block on spending.(但最终，很少有买家的购买请求被拒绝。这是因为该公司雇佣了一组专家来观察或监控其人工智能系统，识别出了虚假的欺诈标识。工人们进行了临时调整，成功地 人工智能下令的支出限制。)”可知，这里指工人们成功“避开”了人工智能做出的错误决定。所以猜测shunning是“避开”的意思。故选B项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段“Experts say AI systems mainly make mistakes when real-world situations differ from the situations used in creating the intelligence. In FICO’s case, it said its software expected more in-person shopping than online shopping. This led the system to identify a greater share of financial activity as problematic. Seasonal differences, data-quality changes or extremely unusual events — such as the pandemic — can lead to a series of bad AI predictions.(专家表示，当现实世界的情况与创建智能时使用的情况不同时，人工智能系统主要会出错。在FICO的案例中，该公司表示，其软件预计更多的是面对面购物，而不是网上购物。这导致该系统将更大比例的金融活动认定为有问题。季节性差异、数据质量变化或极不寻常的事件——如疫情——都可能导致一系列糟糕的人工智能预测。)”可知，人工智能数据库之外的真实情况的变化是AI系统发生问题的原因。故选A项。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Aleksander Madry is the director of the MIT Center for Deployable Machine Learning. He said the pandemic must have been a‘wake-up call’ for businesses not closely monitoring their AI systems. ‘That’s what really stops us currently from this dream of AI revolutionizing everything,’ Madry added.(Aleksander Madry是麻省理工学院可部署机器学习中心的主任。他说，对于没有密切监控其人工智能系统的企业来说，这场大流行一定是一个“警钟”。“这是目前真正阻止我们实现人工智能彻底改变一切的梦想的原因。’)”可知，Aleksander Madry是非常支持人工监控人工智能系统。故选D项。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Security experts say artificial intelligence (AI) systems used by businesses can make serious, costly mistakes. One way to avoid such mistakes is for companies to employ humans to closely watch AI.(安全专家表示，企业使用的人工智能系统可能会犯下严重且代价高昂的错误。避免此类错误的一种方法是公司雇佣人类密切关注人工智能。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲述，企业使用的人工智能系统可能会犯下严重错误，所以公司应雇佣人类密切关注人工智能。所以C项Should companies trust AI systems completely (公司应该完全信任人工智能系统吗？)符合语境。故选C项。
D
Every year, Arctic terns (北极燕鸥) migrate from the Arctic to the Antarctic — a round-trip of about 80,000 kilometers. New research finds that these far-flying birds use just a few select routes for their travels.
“The Arctic tern is well-known to people as a record holder. To be exact, it holds the world record for the longest migration of any animal, and therefore interacts with a variety of ecosystems along the way,” lead author Joanna Wong, from the University of British Columbia, says.
“They are an indicator species that can tell us so much about the different ecosystems that they travel through,” Wong continues. “If they don’t make it to their destination in one year, then you know there might be an environmental problem somewhere along their route.”
Globally, Arctic terns are declining. Their crossing such a wide geographic range has made it hard for researchers to see where the problem is. “These birds are difficult to study because they are either residing in polar environments, or on the go,” Wong says.
So in order to track them, Wong and her colleagues attached light-level geolocators to the legs of 53 Arctic terns from five breeding colonies (繁殖群落) throughout North America. These geolocators are actually small computers that record surrounding light intensities. “The length of daylight can tell us the latitude (纬度), while the time of solar noon can tell us the longitude, so we are able to estimate positions of birds,” Wong says.
Researchers compared the routes taken by the birds they followed and the migration timing to other Arctic terns that had previously been tracked. They determined that most Arctic terns use common migratory routes. So terns breeding in different areas such as Canada, the United States. Norway, and Greenland, all end up taking similar routes both when they head south and when they return north.
Some other seabirds also use the same paths, which suggests that the routes aren’t specific just to the Arctic terns and that protecting them may be beneficial to other species.
51. What do Arctic terns have a reputation for
A. Their being long-distance migrants.
B. Their contributions to local ecosystems.
C. Their ability to survive in polar climates.
D. Their being selective about migratory routes.
52. Which of the following statement about Arctic terns may Wong agree with
A. Their migratory destinations vary each year.
B. They choose random routes when migrating.
C. They help us be aware of environmental problems.
D. Their migratory journey usually takes more than one year.
53. What is the challenge researchers meet when studying Arctic terns
A. They can hardly get access to Arctic terns.
B. They know very little about polar environments.
C. They have difficulty protecting Arctic terns’ habitats.
D. They fail to figure out Arctic terns’ annual migratory routes.
54. Why were small computers attached to Arctic terns’ legs
A. To protect Arctic terns from enemies.
B. To help identify Arctic terns’ locations.
C. To monitor Arctic terns’ physical growth.
D. To record the changes of Arctic terns’ breeding colonies.
55. What can be concluded from the study
A. Terns around the world breed at the same place.
B. It’s significant to protect terns’ migratory routes.
C. Conservation of Arctic tern s is easy to achieve.
D. Terns’ migratory routes are affected by other seabirds.
【答案】51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极燕鸥的迁徙路线对人类了解沿途的环境问题很有帮助，文章呼吁人们保护北极燕鸥的迁徙路线，因为这样做对其它的鸟类也有益。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Arctic tern is well-known to people as a record holder. To be exact, it holds the world record for the longest migration of any animal, and therefore interacts with a variety of ecosystems along the way(北极燕鸥是众所周知的记录保持者。确切地说，它保持着任何动物迁徙时间最长的世界纪录，因此沿途与各种生态系统相互作用)”可知，北极燕鸥以它们远距离旅行者的头衔而著名。故选A项。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“If they don’t make it to their destination in one year, then you know there might be an environmental problem somewhere along their route.(如果它们一年内不能到达目的地，那么你知道它们沿途的某个地方可能存在环境问题。)”可知，北极燕鸥可以帮助我们了解相关的环境问题。故选C项。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“These birds are difficult to study because they are either residing in polar environments, or on the go(这些鸟很难研究，因为他们要么生活在极地环境中，要么在前进中。)”可知，研究北极燕鸥很难的原因是它们要么在北极，要么在路上，推断出研究中最大的挑战是研究者很难接近北极燕鸥。故选A项。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“So in order to track them, Wong and her colleagues attached light-level geolocators to the legs of 53 Arctic terns from five breeding colonies (繁殖群落) throughout North America. These geolocators are actually small computers that record surrounding light intensities. (因此，为了追踪它们，Wong和她的同事在来自北美五个繁殖地的53只北极燕鸥的腿上安装了轻量地理定位器。这些地理定位器实际上是记录周围光线强度的小型计算机。)”可知，这些小型计算机可以帮助确定北极燕鸥的位置。故选B项。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some other seabirds also use the same paths, which suggests that the routes aren’t specific just to the Arctic terns and that protecting them may be beneficial to other species.(其他一些海鸟也使用相同的路径，这表明这些路径不仅仅是北极燕鸥特有的，保护它们可能对其他物种有益。)”可知，因为北极燕鸥的迁徙路线也被其它的海鸟使用，保护北极燕鸥的迁徙路线是有意义的。故选B项。
第四部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
After we all came to the conclusion that our family could responsibly care for dog;my husband and I started our search at a local animal shelter.
We discovered a medium-sized male dog named Duke. This dog was a approximately only two years old and seemed to have the sweetest character. He looked at us through intelligent eyes and already knew how to fetch a ball. My husband and I immediately adopted him Duke quickly fit into our family's lifestyle. And he quickly learned the tricks like “sit",and “come”.
But there was one skill that Duke could not seem to grasp---that of a watchdog. My husband was trying to teach him to remind us by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard. Duke would listen carefully to my husband's commands,but would cock (竖起)his head to one side in confusion and disappointment as if to tell his master that he just didn't understand what my husband was asking him to do. My husband would give his "watch” command. Duke would stand up---muscles tightened in readiness,but would not have a clue as to what he was in readiness for.
One morning we heard the garbage collectors come up the driveway to get our garbage . My busband went to the open bedroom window so Duke could hear and see the men through the screen.
“Watch"my husband commanded. Duke rose in readiness, looked at my husband as sudden comprehension dawned on him,gave a quick tail wave, and leaped through the window screenjumping happily out to greet the garbage men.
Seeing that, I couldn't help laughing. My laughter did nothing for my husbands mood when he found what was happening and he just went away to repair the screen with no expression on his face.
Duke brought our family so much fun. We never scolded or beat him. He was one of our family members.
56. What was Duke like when the author adopted him (no more than 10 words)
________________
57. What did the author's husband expect Duke to do as a watchdog (no more than 15 words)
________________
58. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 5 (no more than 10 words)
________________
59. How did the author and her husband feel about Duke's leaping through the window (no more than 10 words)
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60. How do you think people should treat their pets (no more than 20 words)
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【答案】56. It was medium-sized, young, sweet and intelligent.
57. To remind them by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard.
58. Suddenly Duke understood his master's command/intention/thoughts.
59. The author was amused while her husband fet calm about it
60. I think people should love their pets and have fun with them instead of abusing the m.
Or: I think people should love their pets and treat them as the family members.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者一家和狗狗之间的事情，呼吁人们应该爱他们的宠物，把他们当作家人对待。
【56题详解】
根据第二段“We discovered a medium-sized male dog named Duke. This dog was a approximately only two years old and seemed to have the sweetest character. He looked at us through intelligent eyes and already knew how to fetch a ball. My husband and I immediately adopted him Duke quickly fit into our family's lifestyle. And he quickly learned the tricks like “sit",and “come””可知，它中等大小，年轻，可爱，聪明。故填It was medium-sized, young, sweet and intelligent.
【57题详解】
根据第三段“My husband was trying to teach him to remind us by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard.”可知，他们希望当有人走进院子时发出一声警告的吠声来提醒他们。故填To remind them by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard.
【58题详解】
根据狗狗下一步的反应知杜克突然明白了主人的命令。故填Suddenly Duke understood his master's command/intention/thoughts.
【59题详解】
由文中“Seeing that, I couldn't help laughing. My laughter did nothing for my husbands mood when he found what was happening and he just went away to repair the screen with no expression on his face.”作者觉得很有趣但他丈夫很平静。故填The author was amused while her husband fet calm about it。
【60题详解】
从最后一段“Duke brought our family so much fun. We never scolded or beat him. He was one of our family members.”可知作者认为人们应该爱他们的宠物，把他们当作家人对待。故填I think people should love their pets and have fun with them instead of abusing the m.或I think people should love their pets and treat them as the family members.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61. 假设你是李津，近期你结束了2023成都大运会志愿者工作。你的英国笔友Tom对你的经历感兴趣，写信询问你的感受，请你写一封回信，要点如下：
1. 得知被选中当志愿者的心情
2. 你的工作职责
3. 你的收获和感受
注意：①词数不少于100词；
②可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
③开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：2023成都大运会：2023 Chengdu World University Games
Dear Tom:
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Tom,
I’m very glad to hear from you. I am writing to you to introduce my 2023 Chengdu Universiade volunteer work. Learning that I had been chosen as a volunteer, I was very excited. Our duty as volunteers is to escort the 2023 Chengdu World University Games with professional spirit, friendly smile and considerate service. We have introduced Chengdu to friends from all over the world with our friendly service, demonstrating the unique culture and vitality of Chengdu. As a student, I am very lucky to be able to participate in such an activity, which is also the best opportunity for me to have more contact with the outside world. In addition, our school requires students to carry out social practice, and participating in such work can bring me knowledge that I can learn outside of books.
Best regards,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Tom写一封回信介绍2023成都大运会志愿者工作的感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
介绍：introduce→recommend
职责：duty→responsibility
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
参加：participate in→take part in
2.句式拓展简
同义句转换
原句：Learning that I had been chosen as a volunteer, I was very excited.
拓展句：When I learned that I had been chosen as a volunteer, I was very excited.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a student, I am very lucky to be able to participate in such an activity, which is also the best opportunity for me to have more contact with the outside world.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】In addition, our school requires students to carry out social practice, and participating in such work can bring me knowledge that I can learn outside of books.(运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
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