北京市丰台区2023-2024高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题（含解析）

丰台区2023~2024学年度第一学期期中练习
高三英语
考生须知：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节（其10小题；每小题1.5分，其15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The lead role
Travaris always loved singing and he landed the lead role in the school musical. He could barely wait to tell his parents the ___1___. But when he made his announcement over dinner they looked at each other and frowned (皱眉头). “You said the performance is in the week of November 13 ” his dad asked. Travaris’s heart ___2___. Of course, his older sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “I’m sorry, but you’ll just have to tell them that you can’t do it,” his mom said.
The next day at school, Travaris ___3___ to tell Ms. Phelps, the theater director, that she should give his part to someone else because he wouldn’t be in town during the ___4___. But all day he was flooded with ___5___ from his classmates for getting the lead role. He didn’t have the heart to tell them that it was all for ___6___ in the play.
Travaris was still staying after school to practice his part, reading his lines, singing the songs, and even learning the dance numbers. But as the weeks went by, Travaris started to feel ___7___. He knew that the longer he ___8___ dropping out of the play, the more he would hurt the rest of the cast and crew.
Finally, Travaris told Ms. Phelps how he couldn’t be in the musical. Ms. Phelps thanked him for taking the whole ___9___ into account. “But don’t forget to audition(试镜) again next year, and the chance is bound up with ____10____. ”she added with a smile.
1. A. lie B. story C. news D. truth
2. A. wandered B. raced C. failed D. sank
3. A. planned B. pretended C. managed D. forgot
4. A. lesson B. performance C. practice D. holiday
5. A. complaints B. concerns C. contributions D. congratulations
6. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
7. A. courageous B. disappointed C. guilty D. curious
8. A. put off B. gave up C. depended on D. set about
9. A. experience B. situation C. conversation D. argument
10. A. belief B. confidence C. independence D. responsibility
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Driving to Palm Springs two years ago, I met a snowstorm. A car suddenly changed the direction ___11___ (avoid) hitting mine and drifted (漂移) towards the side of the cliff. Meanwhile, some drivers ___12___(sit) in different cars rushed out. They ___13___(take) off the chains that had protected their own tyres and put them on that car’s tyres ___14___(rapid). Just as the car was about to be lost off the cliff, those drivers stepped up, letting their kind hearts go beyond the snowstorm.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Male voices are much lower than female voices. This is mainly ___15___ they have the different size of vocal folds (声带). Males have larger vocal folds that create a lower sound, and females have smaller ones. Apart from the difference ___16___ size, however, the other major biological difference that effects voices is that males generally have a larger vocal tract, ___17___ can further lower the tone.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), which ___18___ (launch) in 2021, is to find the first objects that formed after the Big Bang and to study the first Black Holes, the growth of galaxies and more. About 100 times ___19___ (strong) than the celebrated Hubble Space Telescope, JWST could observe a bumblebee at the Earth-moon distance, in reflected sunlight and thermal emission (热排放), and it promises to reveal many ___20___ (wonder) of our universe.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How can we use scientific design to change the world and take better care of our environment In this course, you will learn about our natural resources and explore renewable energy through problem solving in a multi-science class.
____21____
Solving any problem begins with recognizing it! But where do you begin In this multi-science class, you will investigate global issues facing the world today and how people make changes in their communities. You will both discuss and put into practice creative and persuasive ways to influence policymakers and community organizations. Furthermore, you will create your own political community at the Harkness table that will inspire you to learn by doing.
Energy and Innovation
In this multi-science class, you will investigate biological, physical, and chemical aspects of Earth’s working systems and how they relate to climate change. Its impacts are far reaching and thus will require forward thinking and planning. Your ideas and creativity will be needed to compare and contrast the benefits and costs of energy alternatives as we discuss and problem solve our planet’s path into the future.
Art: Transform the World
In this studio class we will develop our creative powers. Drawing on natural sciences, we will engage with perspectives of life on Earth. Our materials will be newspapers, recycled cardboard, and other things that are often thrown away. Working with our hands and tools, we will transform wastes into objects useful. In this class you will discover your artistic talent, learn about form, image and technique, and cooperate to create pieces for the final Student Art Exhibit.
21. Which of the following might be the name of the class
A. Political Science B. Green Organizations
C. Global Changes D. Practical Policymaker
22. In Energy and Innovation, students will ____________.
A. solve political problems B. make a plan for their future
C. change the world through pictures D. explore the Earth’s working system
23. What do the three classes have in common
A. They conduct scientific experiments.
B. They develop personal interests.
C. They need creative design.
D. They use renewable energy.
B
Braving the elements
On Dec.26, Gelinne, 60, was looking out the back windows of his home at the frozen lake. Then an airplane came into his sight. Gelinne looked up just in time to see that small air plane a few hundred yards away, losing control.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy officer, realized it was going to land in the lake. He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier: Gelinne was at work in a bank. When a fire alarm rang, he escaped from the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped.
On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (侧滑) to a stop on the broad, frozen lake, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot.
Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he pulled a boat out from under his back deck.
Then he set off, pushing his boat across the ice. It was tough work. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible. The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his boat off the ice and into the water, paddling (划) toward the pilot.
Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the boat’s bow, but Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot out of the water and up onto the shelf of unbroken ice behind him before the man lost too much body heat.
By now a police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A lifeboat appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot and rushed him to safety. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now extremely tired, to shore.
“I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day.
24. Why did Gelinne run outside without hesitation
A. He had rescucing experience. B. He wanted to offer help in time.
C. He needed more time to prepare. D. He was amazed at what had happened.
25. How did Gelinne help the pilot
A. He made a call to the police. B. He got the pilot out of the water.
C. He asked the pilot to grasp the bow. D. He picked up the pilot onto the shore.
26. What Gelinne did in the rescue proved him to be ____________.
A. generous B. brave C. curious D. strict
27. What can Gelinne probably learn from the rescue
A. Think twice before action.
B. One good turn deserves another.
C. It’s never too late to make things right.
D. One should always be ready to seize chances.
C
“Flying insects don’t fly directly to lights from far away because they’re attracted to them but appear to change course toward a light if they happen to be passing by due to a strange inborn biological response,” writes Samuel Fabian, a bioengineer, in a research paper.
Until now, the leading scientific hypothesis has been that insects use the moon’s light to direct the way at night and mistake artificial lights for the moon. But this idea doesn’t explain why insects that only fly during the day also gather around lights.
To find out what really happens, Samuel’s team track the precise movements of insects in the wild around lights using a high-speed camera. This revealed two notable behaviours. First, when insects fly above lights, they often invert (转向) themselves and try to fly upside down, causing them to fall very fast. Just after insects pass under a light, they start doing a ring road. As their climb angle becomes too steep, they suddenly stop and start to fall. Second, when insects approach a light from the side, they may circle or “orbit” the light.
The videos show that the inversions sometimes result in insects falling on lights. It can appear to the naked eye as though they are flying at the lights. “Instead, insects turn their dorsum toward the light, generating flight perpendicular(垂直) to the source,” the team write. It is common to the two behaviours that the insects are keeping their backs to the light, known as the dorsal light response (DLR). This DLR is a shortcut for insects to work out which way is up and keep their bodies upright, as the moon or sun is usually more or less directly above them, and this direction allows them to maintain proper flight attitude and control. They also find that the insects fly at right angles to a light source, leading to orbiting and unstable flights as the light’s location relative to them changes as they move.
Samuel’s team suggest that a possible outcome of the research could help the construction industry to avoid the types of light that most attract insects.
28. What does the research focus on
A. Why insects gather around lights.
B. Where artificial lights lead insects to.
C. What biological response insects are born with.
D. How to design environment friendly artificial lights.
29. What can we learn about insects from the videos of their movements
A. They fly directly to lights. B. They circle close to lights.
C. Their flying speed is steady. D. Their inversions can be controlled.
30. DLR makes insects ____________.
A. balance their flying B. keep their route straight
C. decide their body positon D. shorten their flight distance
D
We humans are in trouble. We have let loose a new evolutionary process that we don’t understand and can’t control.
The latest leaps forward in artificial intelligence (AI) are rightly causing anxiety. Yet people are responding as though AI is just one more scary new technology, like electricity or cars once were. We invented it, the argument goes, so we should be able to manage it for our own benefit. Not so. I believe that this situation is new and potentially dangerous.
My thinking starts from the premise that all design anywhere in the universe is created by the evolutionary algorithm (算法). This is the process in which some kind of information is copied many times, the copies vary slightly and only some are selected to be copied again. The information is called the replicator (复制者), and our most familiar example is the gene.
But genes aren’t the only replicator, as Richard Dawkins stressed in The Selfish Gene. People copy habits, stories, words, technologies and songs; we change, recombine and pass them on in ever greater variety. This second replicator, evolving much faster than genes ever could, Dawkins called memes (模仿传递行为) — and they are selfish too.
As we face up to the recent explosion in AI, new questions arise. Could a third replicator take advantage of the first two And what would happen if it did
For billions of years, all of the Earth’s organisms were gene machines, until, about 2 million years ago, just one species — our ancestors — started imitating sounds, gestures and ways of processing food. They had let loose a second replicator and turned us into meme machines. Following the same principle, could a third replicator appear if some object we made started copying, varying and selecting a new kind of information
It could, and I believe it has. Our digital technology can copy, store and spread vast amounts of information with near-perfect accuracy. While we had mostly been the ones selecting what to copy and share, that is changing now. Mindless algorithms choose which ads we see and which news stories they “think” we would like. Once a digital replicator takes off, its products will evolve for its own benefit, not ours.
All is not lost, though. We already cope with fast-evolving parasites such as viruses by using our immune systems, machines and vaccines. Now, we need to build our collective mental immunity, our critical thinking and our ability to protect our attention from all that selfish information. Taking lessons from evolution, we can stop imagining we are the controllers of our accidentally dangerous offspring and start learning how to live with them.
31. As for people’s attitude toward AI, the author is ____________.
A. disapproving B. unconcerned
C. sympathetic D. tolerant
32. According to the passage, Richard Dawkins may agree that ____________.
A. memes are composed of selfish genes B. the speed of evolution is underestimated
C. replicators vary with human interference D. memes and genes share a common feature
33. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Technologies can be double-edged.
B. Collective efforts make a better world.
C. We should live in harmony with nature.
D. Past experience is relevant to future action.
34. What can we learn from the passage
A. The pace of technological progress is unstoppable.
B. The initiative of algorithm should be strengthened.
C. The new evolution can bring about negative effects.
D. The artificial intelligence can satisfy our real desires.
第二节（其5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
All the feels
You can make your picture book memorable by concentrating on emotional connection. This works across every principle of writing, regardless of age range or genre (文体), because it is universally recognized. ___35___
The reason why emotional connection works is that emotion is a fundamental human experience. ___36___ It also brings us together and reminds us that although we have differences, people are fundamentally the same. By bringing emotion into your story, you tap into that consciousness. The story feels more real to us. It is consistent with us, and as a result, we have a richer reading experience.
___37___ This is useful for your picture book writing, such as choosing vocabulary to use or adopting a suitable linguistic style. Once you know the genre of a book, you can think about the kind of emotional storytelling a reader would expect from this genre.
For example, if it’s a funny picture book, your reader is clearly expecting to laugh. Make sure they laugh. If it’s an adventure story, your reader will be expecting to feel excitement, anticipation and probably a little mild fear. If it’s a heartwarming story, your reader expects to feel warm, comforted and overflowing with love. ___38___
Another reason for including emotion in your picture book is to really get your reader inside your character’s head. Firstly, it helps build on the young reader’s emotional development and understanding of self and others. ___39___ As well as caring about character, an emotion-filled picture book therefore keeps us on our toes.
If you want your story to stand out amongst other stories, give your reader something to remember —a strong emotional connection.
A. Secondly, it creates interest in the character.
B. It helps us make sense of the world around us.
C. An emotional ending in a picture book works well.
D. When we feel something, we will have sharp minds.
E. This is obviously not a complete list, but it is a starting point.
F. Here is why it works and how you can use it in your picture book writing.
G. Picture books have many different genres and your job is to know which genre your story sits in.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节（其4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，其12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
阅读表达
Upgrade your problems
In 2017, I spent all my money buying my first flat——which meant I had no money to fix my first homeowner’s problem. I was sleeping on an air mattress because I couldn’t afford furniture. Then I noticed a leaky pipe under the bath, which created a wet puddle (水坑). I couldn’t afford a plumber (水管工) but I didn’t want to introduce myself to the neighbour by crashing through their wet ceiling.
The only option left for me was that I had to solve the problem on my own. I took the bus to a nearby store and talked with the nice guy behind the counter. He explained how to fix it and sold me a pipe cutter and a bit of pipework. I went back home, pushed my head under the bath, and got the job done.
It taught me a lesson that has since become a bit of motto for me: Upgrade your problems.
Having a wet bathroom floor is a problem—and the day before I bought the place, I would have had a landlord to call. But once the place was mine, this became my problem. I saw this as progress: You must own your own property to take care of this sort of situation.
Years later, when I founded my professional services company with my business partner, Adam, this motto became core to how we approach the business. There have been many problems, and there will continue to be new ones. However, we remember the reason we have these problems—it’s because we run our own business! A late-paying customer is a problem, but it’s one we encounter only if we have paying customers.
That is why I still keep the pipe cutter on my desk today. It reminds me that, no matter my level of frustration (挫败), I am fortunate to face the problems I do. The more I solve them, the more I upgrade to even better ones.
40. What did the author notice in his first flat
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
41. How did the author solve his problem with the bath
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why.
The author still keeps the pipe cutter on his desk today because it reminds him of his success in business
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
43 What else would you do when you encounter problems in life (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校将开展以“用英文讲中国故事”为主题的交流活动。请你给英国交换生Ryan写一封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 告知活动安排；
2. 发出邀请。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
丰台区2023~2024学年度第一学期期中练习
高三英语
考生须知：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节（其10小题；每小题1.5分，其15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The lead role
Travaris always loved singing and he landed the lead role in the school musical. He could barely wait to tell his parents the ___1___. But when he made his announcement over dinner, they looked at each other and frowned (皱眉头). “You said the performance is in the week of November 13 ” his dad asked. Travaris’s heart ___2___. Of course, his older sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “I’m sorry, but you’ll just have to tell them that you can’t do it,” his mom said.
The next day at school, Travaris ___3___ to tell Ms. Phelps, the theater director, that she should give his part to someone else because he wouldn’t be in town during the ___4___. But all day he was flooded with ___5___ from his classmates for getting the lead role. He didn’t have the heart to tell them that it was all for ___6___ in the play.
Travaris was still staying after school to practice his part, reading his lines, singing the songs, and even learning the dance numbers. But as the weeks went by, Travaris started to feel ___7___. He knew that the longer he ___8___ dropping out of the play, the more he would hurt the rest of the cast and crew.
Finally, Travaris told Ms. Phelps how he couldn’t be in the musical. Ms. Phelps thanked him for taking the whole ___9___ into account. “But don’t forget to audition(试镜) again next year, and the chance is bound up with ____10____. ”she added with a smile.
1. A. lie B. story C. news D. truth
2. A. wandered B. raced C. failed D. sank
3. A. planned B. pretended C. managed D. forgot
4. A. lesson B. performance C. practice D. holiday
5. A. complaints B. concerns C. contributions D. congratulations
6. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
7. A. courageous B. disappointed C. guilty D. curious
8. A. put off B. gave up C. depended on D. set about
9. A. experience B. situation C. conversation D. argument
10. A. belief B. confidence C. independence D. responsibility
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Travaris在学校音乐剧中被选中担任主角，非常高兴，但是演出时间正赶上姐姐那天结婚，他不得不辞去主角的任务，由于虚荣心，他不想把不能参加演出的事情说出去，后来经过几周的心理斗争，他感到愧疚，终于告诉戏剧导演他不能参加这次音乐剧的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他迫不及待地想把这个消息告诉父母。A. lie谎话；B. story故事；C. news消息；D. truth事实。根据语境和前文“he landed the lead role in the school musical”可知，Travaris在学校音乐剧中担任主角，他想把这个消息告诉父母。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Travaris的心一沉。A. wandered漫游；B. raced赛跑；C. failed失败；D. sank下沉。根据后文“Of course, his older sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “I’m sorry, but you’ll just have to tell them that you can’t do it,” his mom said.”可知，因为正好在演出那周他姐姐要在夏威夷结婚，时间冲突了，所以Travaris的心一沉。故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，Travaris打算告诉戏剧导演老师Phelps女士，她应该把他的角色给别人，因为演出期间他不会在城里。A. planned计划，打算；B. pretended假装；C. managed管理；D. forgot忘记。根据后文“that she should give his part to someone else because he wouldn’t be in town during the ___4___”及“He didn’t have the heart to tell them that it was all for ___6___ in the play.”可知，Travaris打算把这事告诉导演老师，但由于虚荣心，又不愿意说。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lesson课；B. performance表演，演出；C. practice练习；D. holiday假期。根据前文分析并结合后文“she should give his part to someone else”可知，演出和姐姐结婚时间冲突了，所以演出期间Travaris不在城里，要去参加姐姐婚礼。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一整天，他都被同学们铺天盖地的祝贺声淹没了，因为他得到了主角。A. complaints抱怨；B. concerns关心；C. contributions贡献；D. congratulations祝贺。根据后文“for getting the lead role”可知，因为Travaris得到了主角，同学们都祝贺他。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：他不忍心告诉他们这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。A. nothing什么都没有；B. anything任何事；C. something某事；D. everything每件事。根据前文“because he wouldn’t be in town during the ___4___”可知，因为演出期间Travaris不会在城里，所以这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但几周过去了，Travaris开始感到内疚。A. courageous有勇气的；B. disappointed失望的；C. guilt内疚的；D. curious好奇的。根据前文分析并结合前文“because he wouldn’t be in town during the ___4___”可知，演出期间Travaris不在城里，他无法参加演出，但没有告诉导演，所以他感到内疚。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他知道，他拖得越久，就越会伤害其他演员和工作人员。A. put off推迟，拖；B. gave up放弃；C. depended on依靠；D. set about着手，开始。根据常识和后文“dropping out of the play, the more he would hurt the rest of the cast and crew”可知，如果Travaris不把实情告诉导演，拖得越久，就会更加伤害其他演员和工作人员。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Phelps女士感谢他考虑到了全局。A. experience经历；B. situation情况；C. conversation对话；D. argument争论。根据前文“Travaris told Ms. Phelps how he couldn’t be in the musical.”可知，Travaris告诉导演，他不能出演这部音乐剧，导演感谢他考虑到了整个演出安排情况。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但别忘了明年再来试镜，机会与信念息息相关。A. belief信念；B. confidence自信；C. independence独立；D. responsibility责任。根据前文“Finally, Travaris told Ms. Phelps how he couldn’t be in the musical.”可知，Travaris诚实地告诉导演实情，以便导演更好的安排演出，而导演赞扬他顾全大局的诚实品质，答应明年再给他机会，并且说，“机会和他诚实的信念是相关的”。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Driving to Palm Springs two years ago, I met a snowstorm. A car suddenly changed the direction ___11___ (avoid) hitting mine and drifted (漂移) towards the side of the cliff. Meanwhile, some drivers ___12___(sit) in different cars rushed out. They ___13___(take) off the chains that had protected their own tyres and put them on that car’s tyres ___14___(rapid). Just as the car was about to be lost off the cliff, those drivers stepped up, letting their kind hearts go beyond the snowstorm.
【答案】11. to avoid
12. sitting
13. took 14. rapidly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者开车去棕榈泉的途中，有车陷入困境，大家齐心帮忙的故事。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一辆汽车突然改变方向以避免撞上我的车，并向悬崖边漂移。动词avoid意为“避免”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为changed，故本空作非谓语动词，结合语意，汽车突然改变方向是为了避免撞上作者的车，空处应填不定式形式to avoid，作目的状语。故答案为to avoid。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，一些坐在不同车里的司机冲了出来。动词sit意为“坐”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为rushed out，故本空作非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语drivers之间是主动关系，应填现在分词sitting，作定语，修饰名词drivers。故答案为sitting。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。结合句意和空后的had protected可知，事情发生在过去，故主句用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式took。故答案为took。
【14题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词rapidly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词put。故答案为rapidly。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Male voices are much lower than female voices. This is mainly ___15___ they have the different size of vocal folds (声带). Males have larger vocal folds that create a lower sound, and females have smaller ones. Apart from the difference ___16___ size, however, the other major biological difference that effects voices is that males generally have a larger vocal tract, ___17___ can further lower the tone.
【答案】15. because 16. in
17. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了男声比女声低沉的主要原因。
【15题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这主要是因为它们的声带大小不同。“they have the different size of vocal folds (声带)”是表语从句，说明了男声比女声低沉的原因，用连接词because引导该表语从句；this is because...“这是因为……”。故填because。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，除了大小的差异，影响声音的另一个主要生物学差异是男性通常有更大的声道，这可以进一步降低音调。difference in...是固定搭配，意为“在……方面的差异”。故填in。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而，除了大小的差异，影响声音的另一个主要生物学差异是男性通常有更大的声道，这可以进一步降低音调。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a larger vocal tract，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), which ___18___ (launch) in 2021, is to find the first objects that formed after the Big Bang and to study the first Black Holes, the growth of galaxies and more. About 100 times ___19___ (strong) than the celebrated Hubble Space Telescope, JWST could observe a bumblebee at the Earth-moon distance, in reflected sunlight and thermal emission (热排放), and it promises to reveal many ___20___ (wonder) of our universe.
【答案】18. was launched
19. stronger
20. wonders
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜。
【18题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)于2021年发射升空，旨在寻找大爆炸后形成的第一批物体，并研究第一批黑洞、星系的成长等。分析句子可知，launch (发射) 是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which (即先行词The James Webb Space Telescope) 之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语in 2021，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是专有名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was。故填was launched。
【19题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：JWST的强度大约是著名的哈勃太空望远镜的100倍，它可以通过反射的阳光和热辐射在地月距离上观察一只大黄蜂，它有望揭示我们宇宙的许多奇迹。结合句意和空格后介词 than可知，句中使用了比较级，用形容词比较级stronger。故填stronger。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：JWST的强度大约是著名的哈勃太空望远镜的100倍，它可以通过反射的阳光和热辐射在地月距离上观察一只大黄蜂，它有望揭示我们宇宙的许多奇迹。可数名词wonder作宾语，有限定词many修饰，用复数形式wonders。故填wonders。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How can we use scientific design to change the world and take better care of our environment In this course, you will learn about our natural resources and explore renewable energy through problem solving in a multi-science class.
____21____
Solving any problem begins with recognizing it! But where do you begin In this multi-science class, you will investigate global issues facing the world today and how people make changes in their communities. You will both discuss and put into practice creative and persuasive ways to influence policymakers and community organizations. Furthermore, you will create your own political community at the Harkness table that will inspire you to learn by doing.
Energy and Innovation
In this multi-science class, you will investigate biological, physical, and chemical aspects of Earth’s working systems and how they relate to climate change. Its impacts are far reaching and thus will require forward thinking and planning. Your ideas and creativity will be needed to compare and contrast the benefits and costs of energy alternatives as we discuss and problem solve our planet’s path into the future.
Art: Transform the World
In this studio class we will develop our creative powers. Drawing on natural sciences, we will engage with perspectives of life on Earth. Our materials will be newspapers, recycled cardboard, and other things that are often thrown away. Working with our hands and tools, we will transform wastes into objects useful. In this class you will discover your artistic talent, learn about form, image and technique, and cooperate to create pieces for the final Student Art Exhibit.
21. Which of the following might be the name of the class
A. Political Science B. Green Organizations
C. Global Changes D. Practical Policymaker
22. In Energy and Innovation, students will ____________.
A. solve political problems B. make a plan for their future
C. change the world through pictures D. explore the Earth’s working system
23. What do the three classes have in common
A. They conduct scientific experiments.
B. They develop personal interests.
C. They need creative design.
D. They use renewable energy.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种课程体系的具体情况。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“You will both discuss and put into practice creative and persuasive ways to influence policymakers and community organizations. Furthermore, you will create your own political community at the Harkness table that will inspire you to learn by doing. (你们将讨论并实践创造性和有说服力的方式来影响决策者和社区组织。此外，你将在哈克内斯会议桌上创建自己的政治社区，这将激励你在实践中学习。)”可知，在这项课程中，学生将研究与政治相关事宜，故这是政治学。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“In this multi-science class, you will investigate biological, physical, and chemical aspects of Earth’s working systems and how they relate to climate change. (在这堂多学科课程中，你将研究地球工作系统的生物、物理和化学方面，以及它们与气候变化的关系。)”可知，在能源与创新课程中，学生将探索地球的工作系统。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“You will both discuss and put into practice creative and persuasive ways to influence policymakers and community organizations. (你们将讨论并实践影响决策者和社区组织的创造性和有说服力的方法。)”和文章第三段中“Your ideas and creativity will be needed to compare and contrast the benefits and costs of energy alternatives as we discuss and problem solve our planet’s path into the future. (在我们讨论和解决我们星球通往未来的道路时，需要你的想法和创造力来比较和对比能源替代品的好处和成本。)”,以及文章第四段中“In this studio class we will develop our creative powers. (在这堂工作室课上，我们将发展我们的创造力。)”可知，这三个班都需要学生有创意的设计。故选C。
B
Braving the elements
On Dec.26, Gelinne, 60, was looking out the back windows of his home at the frozen lake. Then an airplane came into his sight. Gelinne looked up just in time to see that small air plane a few hundred yards away, losing control.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy officer, realized it was going to land in the lake. He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier: Gelinne was at work in a bank. When a fire alarm rang, he escaped from the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped.
On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (侧滑) to a stop on the broad, frozen lake, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot.
Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he pulled a boat out from under his back deck.
Then he set off, pushing his boat across the ice. It was tough work. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible. The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his boat off the ice and into the water, paddling (划) toward the pilot.
Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the boat’s bow, but Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot out of the water and up onto the shelf of unbroken ice behind him before the man lost too much body heat.
By now a police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A lifeboat appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot and rushed him to safety. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now extremely tired, to shore.
“I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day.
24. Why did Gelinne run outside without hesitation
A. He had rescucing experience. B. He wanted to offer help in time.
C. He needed more time to prepare. D. He was amazed at what had happened.
25. How did Gelinne help the pilot
A. He made a call to the police. B. He got the pilot out of the water.
C. He asked the pilot to grasp the bow. D. He picked up the pilot onto the shore.
26. What Gelinne did in the rescue proved him to be ____________.
A. generous B. brave C. curious D. strict
27. What can Gelinne probably learn from the rescue
A. Think twice before action.
B. One good turn deserves another.
C. It’s never too late to make things right.
D. One should always be ready to seize chances.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了60岁的男子Gelinne在看到一架小飞机失控即将坠入湖中时，毫不犹豫地前去救援的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate.(这一天，杰琳没有犹豫。)”和第四段中“Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he pulled a boat out from under his back deck.(Gelinne用脚试了试冰面，决定不冒险在上面走。于是他从后甲板下拉出一条船。)”可推知，Gelinne毫不犹豫地跑出去是为了及时提供救援。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the boat’s bow, but Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot out of the water and up onto the shelf of unbroken ice behind him before the man lost too much body heat.(Gelinne专注于让领航员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“只要抓住船，就像你在拥抱你的妻子一样。”飞行员抓住船头，但Gelinne知道，他必须在飞行员失去太多体温之前，把他从水里救出来，爬到他身后未碎的冰架上。)”可知，Gelinne把飞行员从水里救了出来。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront.(这一天，Gelinne没有犹豫。他跑到水边。)”、第五段中“Then he set off, pushing his boat across the ice. It was tough work.(然后他出发了，推着他的船穿过冰面。这是一项艰苦的工作。)”和倒数第二段中“Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now extremely tired, to shore.(过了一会儿，小船又回来了，帮助此时极度疲惫的Gelinne上岸。)”可知，60岁的Gelinne不顾安危，毫不犹豫地去拯救掉到湖里的飞行员，说明他非常勇敢。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier: Gelinne was at work in a bank. When a fire alarm rang, he escaped from the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped.(他突然想起了20多年前的一幕：杰琳在一家银行工作。当火灾警报响起时，他从混乱中逃了出来，但他一直在想自己是否能留在屋里帮忙。)”可知，Gelinne一直为20多年前的行为感到懊悔，结合最后一段中“Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day.(尽管如此，他还是很满意自己那天做出了正确的选择。)”可推知，Gelinne这次做出了正确的选择，弥补了过去的遗憾。由此推知，从这次救援中，Gelinne明白了：亡羊补牢，为时未晚。故选C项。
C
“Flying insects don’t fly directly to lights from far away because they’re attracted to them, but appear to change course toward a light if they happen to be passing by due to a strange inborn biological response,” writes Samuel Fabian, a bioengineer, in a research paper.
Until now, the leading scientific hypothesis has been that insects use the moon’s light to direct the way at night and mistake artificial lights for the moon. But this idea doesn’t explain why insects that only fly during the day also gather around lights.
To find out what really happens, Samuel’s team track the precise movements of insects in the wild around lights using a high-speed camera. This revealed two notable behaviours. First, when insects fly above lights, they often invert (转向) themselves and try to fly upside down, causing them to fall very fast. Just after insects pass under a light, they start doing a ring road. As their climb angle becomes too steep, they suddenly stop and start to fall. Second, when insects approach a light from the side, they may circle or “orbit” the light.
The videos show that the inversions sometimes result in insects falling on lights. It can appear to the naked eye as though they are flying at the lights. “Instead, insects turn their dorsum toward the light, generating flight perpendicular(垂直) to the source,” the team write. It is common to the two behaviours that the insects are keeping their backs to the light, known as the dorsal light response (DLR). This DLR is a shortcut for insects to work out which way is up and keep their bodies upright, as the moon or sun is usually more or less directly above them, and this direction allows them to maintain proper flight attitude and control. They also find that the insects fly at right angles to a light source, leading to orbiting and unstable flights as the light’s location relative to them changes as they move.
Samuel’s team suggest that a possible outcome of the research could help the construction industry to avoid the types of light that most attract insects.
28. What does the research focus on
A. Why insects gather around lights.
B. Where artificial lights lead insects to.
C. What biological response insects are born with.
D. How to design environment friendly artificial lights.
29. What can we learn about insects from the videos of their movements
A. They fly directly to lights. B. They circle close to lights.
C. Their flying speed is steady. D. Their inversions can be controlled.
30. DLR makes insects ____________.
A. balance their flying B. keep their route straight
C. decide their body positon D. shorten their flight distance
【答案】28. D 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项对昆虫趋光的研究，旨在帮助建筑行业避免那些最容易吸引昆虫的光线。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Samuel’s team suggest that a possible outcome of the research could help the construction industry to avoid the types of light that most attract insects. (塞缪尔的研究小组认为，这项研究的一个可能结果是，它可以帮助建筑行业避免那些最容易吸引昆虫的光线。)”可知，研究专注于如何设计环保型人工光源。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“First, when insects fly above lights, they often invert (转向) themselves and try to fly upside down, causing them to fall very fast. (首先，当昆虫在灯光上方飞行时，它们通常会把自己倒过来，试图倒过来飞行，这导致它们坠落得非常快。)”可知，它们的倒置是可以控制的。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This DLR is a shortcut for insects to work out which way is up and keep their bodies upright, as the moon or sun is usually more or less directly above them, and this direction allows them to maintain proper flight attitude and control. (这种DLR是昆虫找出向上方向并保持身体直立的捷径，因为月亮或太阳通常或多或少在它们的正上方，这个方向使它们能够保持适当的飞行姿态和控制。)”可知，DLR使昆虫决定它们的身体姿势。故选C项。
D
We humans are in trouble. We have let loose a new evolutionary process that we don’t understand and can’t control.
The latest leaps forward in artificial intelligence (AI) are rightly causing anxiety. Yet people are responding as though AI is just one more scary new technology, like electricity or cars once were. We invented it, the argument goes, so we should be able to manage it for our own benefit. Not so. I believe that this situation is new and potentially dangerous.
My thinking starts from the premise that all design anywhere in the universe is created by the evolutionary algorithm (算法). This is the process in which some kind of information is copied many times, the copies vary slightly and only some are selected to be copied again. The information is called the replicator (复制者), and our most familiar example is the gene.
But genes aren’t the only replicator, as Richard Dawkins stressed in The Selfish Gene. People copy habits, stories, words, technologies and songs; we change, recombine and pass them on in ever greater variety. This second replicator, evolving much faster than genes ever could, Dawkins called memes (模仿传递行为) — and they are selfish too.
As we face up to the recent explosion in AI, new questions arise. Could a third replicator take advantage of the first two And what would happen if it did
For billions of years, all of the Earth’s organisms were gene machines, until, about 2 million years ago, just one species — our ancestors — started imitating sounds, gestures and ways of processing food. They had let loose a second replicator and turned us into meme machines. Following the same principle, could a third replicator appear if some object we made started copying, varying and selecting a new kind of information
It could, and I believe it has. Our digital technology can copy, store and spread vast amounts of information with near-perfect accuracy. While we had mostly been the ones selecting what to copy and share, that is changing now. Mindless algorithms choose which ads we see and which news stories they “think” we would like. Once a digital replicator takes off, its products will evolve for its own benefit, not ours.
All is not lost, though. We already cope with fast-evolving parasites such as viruses by using our immune systems, machines and vaccines. Now, we need to build our collective mental immunity, our critical thinking and our ability to protect our attention from all that selfish information. Taking lessons from evolution, we can stop imagining we are the controllers of our accidentally dangerous offspring and start learning how to live with them.
31. As for people’s attitude toward AI, the author is ____________.
A. disapproving B. unconcerned
C. sympathetic D. tolerant
32. According to the passage, Richard Dawkins may agree that ____________.
A. memes are composed of selfish genes B. the speed of evolution is underestimated
C. replicators vary with human interference D. memes and genes share a common feature
33. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Technologies can be double-edged.
B. Collective efforts make a better world.
C. We should live in harmony with nature.
D. Past experience is relevant to future action.
34. What can we learn from the passage
A. The pace of technological progress is unstoppable.
B. The initiative of algorithm should be strengthened.
C. The new evolution can bring about negative effects.
D. The artificial intelligence can satisfy our real desires.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中探讨了人工智能的最新发展所带来的焦虑和人类的应对办法。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yet people are responding as though AI is just one more scary new technology, like electricity or cars once were. We invented it, the argument goes, so we should be able to manage it for our own benefit. Not so. I believe that this situation is new and potentially dangerous.(然而，人们的反应似乎是，人工智能只不过是又一项可怕的新技术，就像曾经的电力或汽车一样。这种观点认为，我们发明了它，所以我们应该能够为了自己的利益来管理它。不是这样的。我认为这种情况是新的，而且有潜在的危险。)”可知，人们认为人工智能与曾经的电力或汽车一样，不会给人类带来威胁，但作者并不赞成这一观点。故选A项。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But genes aren’t the only replicator, as Richard Dawkins stressed in The Selfish Gene. People copy habits, stories, words, technologies and songs; we change, recombine and pass them on in ever greater variety. This second replicator, evolving much faster than genes ever could, Dawkins called memes (模仿传递行为) — and they are selfish too.(但正如理查德·道金斯在《自私的基因》中强调的那样，基因并不是唯一的复制因子。人们复制习惯、故事、文字、技术和歌曲；我们改变、重组并以更大的变化将它们传递下去。第二种复制因子，进化得比基因快得多，道金斯称之为模因——它们也很自私。)”可知，理查德·道金斯认为基因和模因都很很自私。所以他会赞同“基因和模因有一个共同的特征”这一说法。故选D项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We already cope with fast-evolving parasites such as viruses by using our immune systems, machines and vaccines. Now, we need to build our collective mental immunity, our critical thinking and our ability to protect our attention from all that selfish information. Taking lessons from evolution, we can stop imagining we are the controllers of our accidentally dangerous offspring and start learning how to live with them.(我们已经通过免疫系统、机器和疫苗来应对病毒等快速进化的寄生物。现在，我们需要建立我们的集体精神免疫力，我们的批判性思维和我们保护我们的注意力不受所有自私信息影响的能力。从进化中吸取教训，我们可以停止想象我们是我们意外危险后代的控制者，并开始学习如何与他们相处。)”可推知，作者认为人类可以从过去战胜寄生物的经历中总结经验，从人类的进化过程中吸取教训，用来指导未来的行动，来应对人工智能这种新的威胁。所以，从最后一段中可以推出“过去的经验与未来的行动有关。”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“We humans are in trouble. We have let loose a new evolutionary process that we don’t understand and can’t control.(我们人类有麻烦了。我们已经释放了一个我们不理解也无法控制的新的进化过程。)”、第二段中“We invented it, the argument goes, so we should be able to manage it for our own benefit. Not so. I believe that this situation is new and potentially dangerous.(这种观点认为，我们发明了它，所以我们应该能够为了自己的利益来管理它。不是这样的。我认为这种情况是新的，而且有潜在的危险。)”和倒数第二段中“Once a digital replicator takes off, its products will evolve for its own benefit, not ours.(一旦数字复制器起飞，它的产品将为自己的利益而进化，而不是为我们的利益。)”可推知，作者在文中反复表达人工智能的新进化可能会给人类来带威胁，产生负面影响。故选C项。
第二节（其5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
All the feels
You can make your picture book memorable by concentrating on emotional connection. This works across every principle of writing, regardless of age range or genre (文体), because it is universally recognized. ___35___
The reason why emotional connection works is that emotion is a fundamental human experience. ___36___ It also brings us together and reminds us that although we have differences, people are fundamentally the same. By bringing emotion into your story, you tap into that consciousness. The story feels more real to us. It is consistent with us, and as a result, we have a richer reading experience.
___37___ This is useful for your picture book writing, such as choosing vocabulary to use or adopting a suitable linguistic style. Once you know the genre of a book, you can think about the kind of emotional storytelling a reader would expect from this genre.
For example if it’s a funny picture book, your reader is clearly expecting to laugh. Make sure they laugh. If it’s an adventure story, your reader will be expecting to feel excitement, anticipation and probably a little mild fear. If it’s a heartwarming story, your reader expects to feel warm, comforted and overflowing with love. ___38___
Another reason for including emotion in your picture book is to really get your reader inside your character’s head. Firstly, it helps build on the young reader’s emotional development and understanding of self and others. ___39___ As well as caring about character, an emotion-filled picture book therefore keeps us on our toes.
If you want your story to stand out amongst other stories, give your reader something to remember —a strong emotional connection.
A. Secondly, it creates interest in the character.
B. It helps us make sense of the world around us.
C. An emotional ending in a picture book works well.
D. When we feel something, we will have sharp minds.
E. This is obviously not a complete list, but it is a starting point.
F. Here is why it works and how you can use it in your picture book writing.
G. Picture books have many different genres and your job is to know which genre your story sits in.
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. G 38. E 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了情感联系让绘本令人难忘的原因以及如何在你的绘本写作中使用它。
【35题详解】
根据下文“The reason why emotional connection works is that emotion is a fundamental human experience.(情感联系之所以有效，是因为情感是一种基本的人类体验。)”可知，空处总起全文，提出要解释情感联系在绘本中起作用的原因，F项的“Here is why”和下文的“The reason why”对应。F项：Here is why it works and how you can use it in your picture book writing.(下面是为什么它会起作用，以及如何在你的绘本写作中使用它。)符合语境。故选F。
【36题详解】
根据下文“It also brings us together and reminds us that although we have differences, people are fundamentally the same.(它也让我们走到一起，提醒我们，虽然我们有差异，但人们从根本上是相同的。)”中的“also”可知，空处和下文一起说明在绘本中运用情感联系的好处。B项：It helps us make sense of the world around us.(它帮助我们理解周围的世界。)符合语境。故选B。
37题详解】
根据下文“This is useful for your picture book writing, such as choosing vocabulary to use or adopting a suitable linguistic style. Once you know the genre of a book, you can think about the kind of emotional storytelling a reader would expect from this genre.(这对你的绘本写作很有用，比如选择要使用的词汇或采用合适的语言风格。一旦你知道了一本书的文体，你就可以考虑读者希望从这种文体中看到什么样的情感故事。)”可知，本段主要讲述要首先确定绘本的文体，G项中的“genre”是本段的关键词。G项：Picture books have many different genres and your job is to know which genre your story sits in.(绘本有许多不同的类型，你的工作就是知道你的故事属于哪一种类型。)符合语境。故选G。
【38题详解】
根据上文“For example, if it’s a funny picture book, your reader is clearly expecting to laugh. Make sure they laugh. If it’s an adventure story, your reader will be expecting to feel excitement, anticipation and probably a little mild fear. If it’s a heartwarming story, your reader expects to feel warm, comforted and overflowing with love.(例如，如果这是一本有趣的图画书，你的读者显然期待着笑。确保他们笑。如果这是一个冒险故事，你的读者会感到兴奋，期待，可能还有一点轻微的恐惧。如果这是一个暖心的故事，你的读者希望感受到温暖，安慰和充满爱。)”可知，上文列举了一些常见的情感类型，显然，这不是完整的清单。E项：This is obviously not a complete list, but it is a starting point.(这显然不是一个完整的清单，但它是一个起点。)符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Firstly, it helps build on the young reader’s emotional development and understanding of self and others.(首先，它有助于建立年轻读者的情感发展和对自我和他人的理解。)”可知，A项中的“Secondly”与上文的“Firstly”对应，一起说明了在绘本中加入情感对于读者理解角色的好处。A项：Secondly, it creates interest in the character.(其次，它创造了角色的兴趣。)符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节（其4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，其12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
阅读表达
Upgrade your problems
In 2017, I spent all my money buying my first flat——which meant I had no money to fix my first homeowner’s problem. I was sleeping on an air mattress because I couldn’t afford furniture. Then I noticed a leaky pipe under the bath, which created a wet puddle (水坑). I couldn’t afford a plumber (水管工) but I didn’t want to introduce myself to the neighbour by crashing through their wet ceiling.
The only option left for me was that I had to solve the problem on my own. I took the bus to a nearby store and talked with the nice guy behind the counter. He explained how to fix it and sold me a pipe cutter and a bit of pipework. I went back home, pushed my head under the bath, and got the job done.
It taught me a lesson that has since become a bit of motto for me: Upgrade your problems.
Having a wet bathroom floor is a problem—and the day before I bought the place, I would have had a landlord to call. But once the place was mine, this became my problem. I saw this as progress: You must own your own property to take care of this sort of situation.
Years later, when I founded my professional services company with my business partner, Adam, this motto became core to how we approach the business. There have been many problems, and there will continue to be new ones. However, we remember the reason we have these problems—it’s because we run our own business! A late-paying customer is a problem, but it’s one we encounter only if we have paying customers.
That is why I still keep the pipe cutter on my desk today. It reminds me that, no matter my level of frustration (挫败), I am fortunate to face the problems I do. The more I solve them, the more I upgrade to even better ones.
40. What did the author notice in his first flat
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
41. How did the author solve his problem with the bath
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why.
The author still keeps the pipe cutter on his desk today because it reminds him of his success in business.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
43. What else would you do when you encounter problems in life (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. A leaky pipe under the bath.
41. The author went to a store, and the guy behind the counter explained how to fix it. After buying a pipe cutter and a bit of pipework, he went home and got the job done.
42. The author still keeps the pipe cutter on his desk today because it reminds him of his success in business.
The author still keeps the pipe cutter on his desk today because it reminds him no matter his level of frustration, he is fortunate to face the problems he does.
43. Breaking down problems is a useful way to solve problems. Break down big problems into smaller, more specific tasks to make them easier to manage and solve. Tackle each task step by step and get closer to the final goal.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了解决问题的方法和心态。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Then I noticed a leaky pipe under the bath, which created a wet puddle (水坑). (然后我注意到浴缸下面有一根漏水的管子，造成了一个潮湿的水坑。)”可知，作者在他的第一套公寓里注意到了浴缸下面漏水的管子。故答案为A leaky pipe under the bath.。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“The only option left for me was that I had to solve the problem on my own. I took the bus to a nearby store and talked with the nice guy behind the counter. He explained how to fix it and sold me a pipe cutter and a bit of pipework. I went back home, pushed my head under the bath, and got the job done. (留给我的唯一选择就是我必须自己解决这个问题。我乘公共汽车去了附近的一家商店，和柜台后面的那个好人聊了聊。他向我解释如何修理它，并卖给我一个管钳和一些管道工具。我回到家，把头伸到浴缸下面，把活儿干完了。)”可知，作者咨询店员后，从商店买了修理工具，然后自己修好了水管。故答案为The author went to a store, and the guy behind the counter explained how to fix it. After buying a pipe cutter and a bit of pipework, he went home and got the job done.。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章最后一段中“That is why I still keep the pipe cutter on my desk today. It reminds me that, no matter my level of frustration (挫败), I am fortunate to face the problems I do. The more I solve them, the more I upgrade to even better ones. (这就是为什么我今天还把管钳放在我的桌子上。它提醒我，无论我有多沮丧，我都很幸运能够面对我所遇到的问题。我解决的问题越多，我就会升级到更好的问题。)”可知，直到今天，作者仍然把那把切管器放在他的桌子上，因为它提醒他，不管他有多沮丧，他都很幸运能够面对他所遇到的问题。故答案为The author still keeps the pipe cutter on his desk today because it reminds him no matter his level of frustration, he is fortunate to face the problems he does。
【43题详解】
开放试题。题目中问“当你在生活中遇到问题时，你还会做什么？”，也就是说不要和文章中的方法重复。我认为分解问题是解决问题的一种有用方法。将大问题分解为更小、更具体的任务，使其更易于管理和解决。一步一步地完成每项任务，离最终目标越来越近。故答案为Breaking down problems is a useful way to solve problems. Break down big problems into smaller, more specific tasks to make them easier to manage and solve. Tackle each task step by step and get closer to the final goal.
第二节
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校将开展以“用英文讲中国故事”为主题的交流活动。请你给英国交换生Ryan写一封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 告知活动安排；
2. 发出邀请。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I hope this message finds you well. I am writing to invite you to participate in an exciting event organized by our school. The event, titled “Telling Chinese Stories in English”, aims to promote cross-cultural communication and understanding. It will begin at 9 a.m. on November 15th. During the event, students will share their unique Chinese stories in English. We believe your participation would add a unique perspective to the event. Please confirm your availability and we will reserve a spot for you.
Looking forward to your positive response.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于邀请信。要求考生Ryan给英国交换生写一封邮件，邀请他参加“用英文讲中国故事”为主题的交流活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
希望：hope → wish/expect
参与：participate in → take part in
开始：begin → start
提高：promote →improve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing to invite you to participate in an exciting event organized by our school.
拓展句：I am writing to invite you to participate in an exciting event which is organized by our school.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I hope this message finds you well. (运用了省略连词that宾语从句)
[高分句型2] We believe your participation would add a unique perspective to the event. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)

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