八年级数学试题答案
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)一、选择题
1-12 CCDBA CCAAB BD
二、填空题
13. 1; 14. ; 15. (1,1); 16. 3, 255.
三、解答题
17.(1)原式··························································2分
·························································3分
··························································4分
(2)原式=··························································2分
··························································4分
∵···································1分
∵····················3分··························································4分··························································5分
原式·························································2分
·························································4分
····································5分
····································6分
(1) (5, 2)、(2, 5) ·························································4分
(2)·························································6分
21.∵···········2分
∵
·····················································4分
·····················································5分
答:船向岸边移动了9米. ·····················································6分
22.(1)·····················································3分
·····················································4分
(2)当=1.5时,.5=80. ··············································6分
23.
∵·················1分
∵,
·····················································3分
······················4分
答:空地ABCD的面积是24平方米. ············································5分
(2)4=4800(元) 答:总共需投入4800元. ······················6分
24.(1)·····················································1分
理由:∵
,
·····················································3分
(2)
. ·····················································4分
∵
, ·····················································6分
·····················································7分
答:CD的长是3. ·····················································8分
(1)画出. ·····················································3分
(2)·····················································6分
(3)·····················································9分
(1)∵················································1分
∠AEB ················································2分
················································3分
DEBE. ················································4分
(2)∵DEBE·················································5分
∵
·················································7分
·················································8分
(3)················································12分2023-2024学年第一学期联片办学期中考试试卷
八年级 数学
(总分:120分 考试时间:120分钟)
一、选择题(每题3分,共36分。在每小题列出的选项中,选出正确的一项)
1.下列各组线段中,不能构成直角三角形的是 ( )
A.3,4,5 B.5,12,13 C.6,7,9 D.8,15,17
2.在-2,,,3.14,,,这6个数中,无理数共有 ( )
A.4个 B.3个 C.2个 D.1个
3.点在轴上,则点的坐标为 ( )
A.(-2,0) B.(0,-2) C.(2,0) D.(0,2)
4.的算术平方根是 ( )
A.4 B.2 C.±4 D.±2
5.若点关于轴对称的点的坐标为(4,-5),则点关于轴对称的点的坐标为 ( )
A.(-4,5) B.(4,5) C.(-4,-5) D.(-5,4)
6.估计的值在 ( )
A. 1和2之间 B. 2和3之间 C. 3和4之间 D. 4和5之间
7.下列函数①;②;③;④;⑤中,是一次函数的有 ( )
A.1个 B.2个 C.3个 D.4个
8.已知,则的值为 ( )
A.-1 B.1 C.32023 D.-32023
9.在中,的对边分别记为,根据以下条件:
①; ②::=3:4:5; ③;
④::=1:2:3; ⑤; ⑥.
能判定为直角三角形的有 ( )
A.①②③④ B.②③④⑤ C.①②③⑤ D.①②③④⑤⑥
10.如图,圆柱的底面周长为24,高为9,是底面直径,一只蚂蚁从点出发沿着圆柱体的侧面爬行到点的最短路程是 ( )
A.16 B.15 C.12 D.9
第10题图 第11题图
11.如图,长方形的边,点在数轴上对应的数是-1,以点为圆心,对角线长为半径画弧,交数轴于点,则点表示的实数是 ( )
A.+1 B.-1 C. D.1-
12.如图,一动点在平面直角坐标系中从原点出发按箭头所示方向运动,第一次运动到(1,3),第二次运动到(2,0),第三次运动到(2,-1),第四次运动到(3,-1),第五次运动到(3,0),按这样的运动规律,第2023次运动后的坐标为 ( )
A.(1212,0) B.(1213,3) C.(1214,0) D.(1214,-1)
第12题图 第14题图
二.填空题(每题3分,共12分)
13.若函数是正比例函数,则的值是.
14.如图,每个小正方形的边长为 1,、、是小正方形的顶点,连接、,则的度数为.
15.已知线段平行于轴,点的坐标为(1,-2),点在第一象限,且,则点的坐标为.
16.任何实数,可用表示不超过的最大整数,如,现对72进行如下操作:,这样对72只需进行3次操作后变为1,类似地,①对81只需进行次操作后变为1;②只需进行3次操作后变为1的所有正整数中,最大的是.
三.解答题(共10小题,满分72分)
17.(8分)计算:(1) ;(2)
18.(5分)已知的立方根为 2,的平方根为±4 ,求的算术平方根.
19.(6分)先化简,后求值:,其中.
20.(6分)我们规定用表示一对数对,给出如下定义:记>0,>0,将与称为数对的一对“对称数对”.例如的一对“对称数对”为与.
(1)数对的一对“对称数对”是 和 ;
(2)若数对的一对“对称数对”的一个数对是,求的值.
21.(6分)如图,在离水面高度为米的岸上,有人用绳子拉船靠岸,开始时绳子 的长为米,此人以米/秒的速度收绳,秒后船移动到点的位置,问船向岸边移动了多少米?(假设绳子一直保持是直的)
第21题图
22.(6分)甲、乙两地相距200,现有一列火车从乙地出发,以80的速度向甲地行驶.设表示火车行驶的时间,表示火车与甲地的距离.
(1)写出与之间的关系式,并判断是否为的一次函数;
(2)当时,求的值.
23.(6分)如图,学校有一块四边形的空地,为了绿化环境,计划在空地上种植草皮.经测量,,,,,.
(1)求出空地的面积.
(2)若每种植1草皮需要200元,问总共需投入多少元?
第23题图
24. (8分)如图,的三边分别为,,,如果将沿折叠,使恰好落在边上.
(1)试判断的形状,并说明理由;
(2)求线段的长.
第24题图
25. (9分)如图,在直角坐标系中有三点、、.
(1)在平面直角坐标系中画出;
(2)求的面积;
(3)是轴上的动点,求的最小值.
第25题图
(12分)如图1,长方形的边、分别在轴、轴上,点坐标
是(8,4),将沿对角线翻折得,与相交于点.
(1)求证:≌;
(2)求点坐标;
(3) 如图2,动点从点出发,沿着折线运动(到点停止),是否存在点,使得的面积等于的面积,若存在,直接写出点坐标,若不存在,说明理由.
第26题图
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