卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站上海市曹杨二中2023学年度第一学期
高二年级期中考试英语试卷
考生注意：
1、答卷前, 考生务必将姓名、班级、学号等在指定位置填写清楚。
2、本试卷共有76道试题, 满分120分, 考试时间105分钟。请考生用黑色水笔或钢笔将答案直接写在答题卷上。
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions： Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. November 11, a day represented by four digits of 1, ___________by young single Chinese in the early 90s as a day for unmarried males.
A. was established B. has established
C. is established D. had been established
2. Alexander said that he would found an institution___________ any person could receive instruction in any study.
A. where B. which C. that D. how
3. ___________difficulties we may come across in carrying out this plan, we’ll work together to overcome them.
A. However B. Wherever C. Whatever D. No matter
4. Evidence came up___________ specific speech sounds were recognized by infants as young as two months old.
A. what B. which C. that D. whose
5. When the victims of the earthquake went back home, the repair of their damaged houses___________.
A. has yet completed B. has been completed yet
C had already completed D. had already been completed
6. ___________with only about 1000 pandas, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species.
A. Leaving B. Left C. To leave D. Having left
7. Only under special circumstances___________ to use the fire hose, otherwise they will be punished.
A. are people permitted B. people are permitted
C. people permitted D. did people permit
8. ___________countries having great difficulties in economy right now need most of all is financial aid rather than lecturing.
A. What B. When C. That D. Whether
9. You’ll find the hot issue that Da Vinci Furniture Co. , Ltd sold fraud furniture___________ all over China.
A. talk about B. to talk about C. talking about D. talked about
10. A former billionaire has blown his entire fortune on saving old objects and houses___________ he is turning into China’s largest private folk-art museum.
A. where B. which C. what D. how
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits.
You never forget your first whale. The impact it makes ___11___ you is huge and life is never quite the same again.
The world seems to be having more and more whale lovers. Since its beginnings in the mid-50s, whale-watching ___12___ (grow) quickly and now more than 13 million people join ___13___ (organize) whale watching trips every year.
The trouble is that a few hours of whale watching simply isn’t enough. You go out in the morning and, ___14___ lunchtime, you are planning your next trip; by teatime, you are planning the one after that. All your holidays center around whales: the only books you read are those about whales, you wear whale T-shirts, and ___15___ you meet your friends you talk about whales.
So, what is it about these larger-than-life animals ___16___ makes them so special Their size is one possible explanation. Imagine ___17___ (sit) in a small boat next to a blue whale almost as long as a Boeing 737; only a lump of rock could remain ___18___ (unmove) by an experience like that.
They are great fun to watch, too. Humpback whales, for example, ___19___ leap into the air and land back in the water with a huge splash. Then there is the striking and deeply moving level of trust ___20___ many whales show towards people. It’s a truly humbling experience when an enormous whale comes alongside the boat and greets you like an old friend.
Section C
(A)
Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. drive B. reunite C. genuine D. cause E. fruitful F. address G. harmonious H. harvest I. prioritize J. charge K. deceptive
21. Her____________ smile lit up the whole room and even those who were feeling down or lonely couldn’t help but be lifted by her radiant presence.
22. The sea here looks calm on the surface, but beneath the clear waters lies a dangerous world of hidden rocks and strong currents, making it____________ for swimmers and boaters alike.
23. Once inequality and exploitation are removed, we will be able to build a more____________ society, where everyone has equal opportunities to succeed and thrive.
24. There have been rumours that the band will____________ for a world tour, causing quite a stir as everyone is eager to see their favorite musicians perform live on stage once again.
25. It is important to remember that not all business people____________ profit above all else, and that there are many who are committed to ethical and responsible business practices.
26. After carefully examining and analyzing the video and audio recordings the police have determined that there is enough evidence to____________ him with the relevant offenses.
27. Our products are designed to____________ the diverse needs of users, with a focus on providing solutions that are practical, functional, and user-friendly.
28. The appeal generated a huge amount of donations in the form of blankets, medicines, and clothing. The____________ of these items served as a symbol of hope and relief for the people in need.
29. By contributing to a good____________, individuals can improve the lives of others and promote social justice, which helps to make the world we live in a better place.
30. It is his tremendous____________ that has allowed him to push himself beyond his limits and to work tirelessly towards his objectives, which is truly an inspiration to those around him.
(B)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. lasting B. opposing C. agent- D. enormous E. Contribute F. convinced G. involved H. sponsor I. committed J. reflect K. insignificant
How an Individual Can Make a Difference
In the face of a multitude of global problems, it can be difficult to feel like an individual or small groups can make a difference. Our minds and hearts are in the right place but what can one person really do It turns out quite a lot.
With Martin Luther King Day just around the comer in the United States, it’s the perfect time for all of us to ___31___ and remember just how much of an impact one person can make on the world. In his iconic speech at the Lincoln Memorial for the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, King told America, “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”
The social impact King had in the United States is tangible, ___32___ and real. All of us here at Up with People are ___33___ of the power of individuals to make a difference. In fact, it’s our mission.
Through music and action, we empower young people to be a positive ___34___ of change for a more hopeful, trusting, and peaceful world.
You might think the difference you can make is ___35___ . No matter what corner of the world you call home, what you do everyday matters and even small acts can make giant ripples of good in this world we all share.
It’s a myth that what we do has to be ___36___ to make a difference. You don’t have to be Martin Luther King Jr. to have a positive social impact on your community. Margaret Mead put it best, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful and ___37___ citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”
So, start small. Do daily, small acts of kindness. Pay for someone’s coffee, open a door, let someone cut in front of you in line or smile. Spread kindness because the world needs it.
___38___ money or your time. Pick an organization close to home or volunteer around the world with Up with People!
Be a(n) ___39___ or join a meaningful campaign. Googling “join a campaign” will result in millions of responses from supporting children to the elderly. Whatever you get ___40___ in will advance the campaign greatly because of your actions. Pick one thing to start so you don’t get overwhelmed.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Please stop ruining children’s summer camp
Teslie Conrad is the director of Clemson Outdoor Lab in South Carolina, which runs several different youth summer camps. Clemson ___41___ cell phones and other electronic devices in summer camps. And according to the American Camp Association, most sleep-away camps in the United States ___42___ access to cell phones.
This makes sense. We traditionally think of summer camps as a place where we get to swim in a lake, camp under the stars and make new ___43___ over campfires and outdoor adventures, not one where we text and play video games.
Researchers say that campers develop invaluable social skills, while facing risks and working their way through their feelings of homesickness — all ___44___. “It’s kind of like letting go of everything and coming to a different world,” says Alexa Sherman, an 11-year-old camper. Many of the campers there say they ___45___ YouTube and Snapchat, but they quickly come to appreciate the hands-on activities and in-person friendships.
The people who have the ___46___ time letting go, camp directors say, aren’t necessarily the campers themselves, but instead their parents.
Barry Garst studies youth development at Clemson University. He said that whether you call them “helicopter”, “snowmobile” or “lawnmower” parents, over-involved parenting is having a negative overall effect and is ___47___ the types of positive interpersonal experiences these camps are meant to provide for youth. Not weather, not water safety, not dangerous bears. It’s parents who call every day demanding ___48___ on their kids and who expect to hear from the camp director about every skinned knee.
Meg Barthel, the lead girls’ counselor at camp Echo, carries a device with access to Wi-Fi around camp. “I have to ___49___ the mothers who are used to having constant communication with their daughters,” she says. How many ____50____ a day “Up to 100.”
Some camps address parents’ ____51____ for updates by posting pictures and videos online. But sometimes this can have the ____52____ effect. In response, they’ll often receive the following phone call: “Hello, camp director, I was on your ____53____ and I don’t see them. Are they OK Were they sent to the hospital ”
Research on over-parenting, says Garst, shows that when parents behave this way, the development of a child’s sense of ____54____ can be slowed or can become altogether halted. The parents are sending the message that they don’t think their kids can get through tough moments on their own, and the kids pick up on this attitude. “Children are not really learning how to ____55____ for themselves.”
41. A. bans B. produces C. searches D. provides
42. A. want B. limit C. enable D. improve
43. A. friends B. decisions C. investments D. mistakes
44. A. on purpose B. in agreement C. by themselves D. with excitement
45. A. use B. uninstall C. forget D. miss
46. A. first B. hardest C. shortest D. greatest
47. A. finding B. attending C. ruining D. setting up
48. A. comments B. reports C. studies D. focus
49. A. respond to B. chat with C. seek out D. argue against
50. A. problems B. parents C. messages D. lessons
51. A. plan B. wait C. pause D. thirst
52. A. magical B. opposite C. protective D. similar
53. A. website B. campsite C. phone D. list
54. A. self-awareness B. knowledge C. independence D. intelligence
55. A. make friends B. ask questions C. make plans D. solve problems
Section B
Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
My 14-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat almost at the same time. It was hanging at a secondhand clothing store. While the other coats looked rather depressed, this one looked as if it were holding itself up. The thick, black wool of the chesterfield (长大衣) was soft and unworn. It was beautifully tailored and had an unbelievable price tag of $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes shone. Dark, woolen coats were popular with teenage boys; but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better, bearing that touch of classic elegance from long ago.
John tried it on and turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile. The fit was perfect.
John wore the coat to school the next day and came home with a grin. “How did the kids like your coat ” I asked. “They loved it!” he said merrily, carefully folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat.
Over the next few weeks, a change came over John. Agreement replaced protest; quiet, reasoned discussion replaced argument. He became more sensible, more polite, more thoughtful, eager to please. “Good dinner, Mom, ” he would say every evening. One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John, who was always putting off doing stuff, said, “You’re right. I guess I will.”
When I mentioned this incident to one of his teachers and remarked that I didn’t know what caused the changes, she said laughing. “It must be his coat!” At the library, we ran into a friend who had not seen our children for a long time, “Could this be John ” he asked, looking up to John’s new height, assessing the style of his coat and extending his hand, one gentleman to another.
Sometimes, watching John leave for school, I’m reminded of what it felt like to be at his age — a time when it was as easy to try on different approaches to life as it was to try on a coat.
56 Why did John’s eyes shine when he saw the coat
A. It was the first time that he had been to a secondhand store.
B. It was pleasant for him to share the same taste with mom.
C. He fell in love with that coat and wanted to put it on.
D. He managed to get his mom to buy him a new coat.
57. What does the underlined word “grin” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. A big smile. B. A sad look. C. A jealous remark. D. An anxious thought.
58. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage
A. There was a trend of loving such coats among teenage boys then.
B. John used to be disobedient towards parents’ demands.
C. John acted like a gentleman after wearing the coat.
D. The teacher didn’t understand why John changed a lot.
59. Which of the following might the best title
A. A Special Shopping Experience B. A Caring Mother
C. A Magical Coat D. John’s Taste for Clothing
(B)
The Puffing Billy Railway, located about 40 km east of Melbourne, was constructed in the early 1900s to open up remote areas. The present line between Belgrave and Gembrook travels through the forests and farmlands of the magnificent Dandenong Ranges. Today, this non-profit Railway operates almost daily thanks to the tireless efforts of more than 900 dedicated volunteers.
General Information: People with disabilities – can be accommodated on most excursion trains, including a limited number of wheelchairs. Please phone to check availability. Easy access toilets are at Belgrave, Lakeside and Gembrook. Refreshments and souvenirs – are available at most stations. Railway Tracks – standing and walking on the tracks is not permitted. Prams (婴儿车) – only folding or narrow type prams can be accommodated through the narrow carriage doors. Smoking – is not permitted on the train or under any roofed areas. Assistance Dogs certified by a registered authority – are the only dogs allowed on the train and must be kept on lead at all times. Alcohol – is not permitted on trains (except as provided in dining cars). Toilets – are located at each station. Parenting rooms are located at Belgrave, Lakeside & Gembrook. Photographs and videos – for personal use are permitted. Wedding photography and any use, re-use or reproduction for commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission.
Conditions: Concession fares (优惠票价) are available to Australian bearers of Health Care, Student, Seniors, Companion or Pensioner cards. (Exclude evening dining and events). Your signature may be required on day of travel for verification purposes. Children under 4 years, not occupying a seat, are carried FREE on excursion trains only, excluding special events and dining trains. Discounts are available for pre-booked group travel (20 or more) on a return journey, except on Sundays, public holidays and school holidays. All trains are steam-driven unless a diesel locomotive (柴油机车) is required in exceptional circumstances. First Class Travel return journeys are on appointed trains only.
60. The above information is mainly intended for _____.
A. international tourists in Australia
B. potential travelers of the steam trains
C. local residents in Dandenong Ranges
D. volunteers on the Puffing Billy Railway
61. People are not permitted to bring _____ onto the excursion trains.
A. prams B. guide dogs C. wheelchairs D. alcohol
62. What can be learned from the above information
A. Taking photos is forbidden on most excursion trains.
B. Toilets for the disabled are not available at all stations.
C. Foreign visitors to Australia can also get concession fares.
D. One can get tickets at a lower price as long as he books in advance.
(C)
When in a saturated (饱和的) market, you need a hook that makes your business stand out from the competition. Lower prices could help, but imagine a tactic that could encourage organic conversation about your brand, and actually help you increase the value of your product.
That’s scarcity marketing. And you’ll find it used across numerous industries.
It’s especially common in retail, as companies use several exclusivity techniques, like limited time sales, to encourage consumers further along the buying cycle. It’s also common in the tech industry, whether for promoting apps or devices. Even beauty brands are rewarding consumers with exclusive club membership.
Scarcity marketing is everywhere. But it’s also a risky tactic.
Limited items and restricted membership mean some of your consumers will miss out, leading to frustration, disappointment, and anger. You need to use social media listening to make sure your strategy doesn’t backfire.
The reason why scarcity marketing tactics are so effective is due to our fear of missing out, or FOMO(fear of missing out). It’s driven by the explosive growth of social networking that gives us a greater opportunity to connect with people around the world. But that increased reliance on the Internet encourages people to feel more anxious about missing something important.
Brands can make the most of this in their sales and marketing strategy by the scarcity principle. Consumers place a higher value on goods that are scarce. Or even, just perceived to be scarce. So, by decreasing the availability of your product or service, while still maintaining the demand, your product will be made more scarce. Meaning you can charge a premium price. That’s why scarcity marketing is so effective. You’re decreasing supply, tipping the equilibrium in your favour.
In What Exclusivity Can Do for Your Business Marketing, Rachel Winsted explains how you can use exclusivity as your entire marketing strategy. This relies less on traditional marketing techniques, and more on making your brand appear unique.
This boutique style can be more cost-effective, as you don’t need to advertise to everyone. In fact, it benefits from fewer people knowing about the brand. That way, new consumers get an extra thrill from discovering you and will sell you to their friends, if only to show off what they’ve discovered. The three things for making this strategy work are:
·Networking
With fewer marketing channels available, you want more face-to-face engagement. It’s a more personal way to promote. Therefore, more exclusive.
·A simpler online presence
You want to create engaging social media content, not promotional sales posts. Give clients the opportunity to find out more about you on their own accord.
·An amazing customer experience
This is essential. There’s no point in being exclusionary if what you offer isn’t. It’s easy for exclusivity to go wrong if there’s nothing unique about the brand.
63. Which of the following cases falls into the category of strategy of scarcity marketing
A A small cafe in Singapore only opens on random days.
B. A fitness gym encourages people to pre-purchase courses with a special offer.
C. A cosmetic shop sends samples of its latest products to its potential customers.
D. Face masks are out of stock during the outbreak of the pandemic in January 2020.
64. All of the adjectives describe the feature of scarcity marketing EXCEPT ”________“.
A. risky B. tricky C. effective D. eccentric
65. According to the context, which phrase best interprets the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 5
A. Let somebody down. B. Miss a golden opportunity.
C. Have the opposite effect. D. Go against the principle.
66. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. Access to the Internet could alleviate people’s fear of missing out because of the extensive information it provides.
B. Your scarcity marketing would be in vain without the excellent customer experience.
C. Decreasing the availability of your product results in the decline in demand.
D. The more people you target at, the more people knowing about your brand, the better.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The World’s Worst Airport
Like expensive watches that never break, the world’s best airports can be boring. You land, breeze through passport control and check into a hotel within minutes. The experience is pleasant, but not memorable. ___67___ To adapt Tolstoy, lovely airports are all alike, but every wretched (不幸的) airport is wretched in its own way.
Consider Juba, the airport in South Sudan’s capital, which is a hot tent. Planes are often late, so passengers must sweat for hours. The departure hall has no toilets, no food and no queuing system. Lucky is the traveller who finds a chair that is only half-broken. Since dirty water and tropical diseases are common, so are upset stomachs. Tough luck. Travellers should have thought twice before eating salad.
___68___ Big important people’s servants carry their bags, which are ostentatiously (卖弄地)) passed round, not through, the scanner. Since the machine seldom works, little peopled are in effect up-graded to big important status by not having their bags scanned for guns and explosives, either.
South Sudan is at war, so many UN planes take off from Juba carrying aid workers and emergency supplies. ___69___ When a journalist was booked on a UN flight, he was assured by the government that his papers were in order. Yet at the airport he was told to get a fourth permit, as well as the three expensive ones he had already obtained. This required a trip across town. Predictably, he missed his plane.
Juba has three terminals, but only one is in use. After South Sudan became independent in 2011, the government planned to build an airy structure of glass, steel and concrete. ___70___ In 2016 the government decided to build a more modest terminal. But it, too, stands half-completed and empty, next to the tented camp that people actually have to use. Travellers are advised to bring a good, long book.
A. Aggressive officials in sunglasses take pleasure in blocking them.
B. Working out which is the world’s worst airport is not easy.
C. Security is terrible.
D. Work started in 2012, but stopped when the bills were paid.
E. The worst airports have more characters.
F. Although each awful airport is unique, four themes are very common.
III. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Where Arts Should Get Its Funding
Few people would contest the value of arts in a civilized society. Great art enriches people’s lives by providing pleasure, stimulation and an escape from the pressure of everyday life. However, it is also true that many of the arts, such as classical music, the ballet, and the visual arts have always attracted a minority audience. The question is whether the arts should be publicly funded, or whether it is the consumers who should pay.
It is my view that the government should subsidize the arts, for a number of reasons. First of all, without subsidies, many artists would undoubtedly be unable to survive financially. Government grants can enable them to work with artistic freedom, while if they worked independently or relied on private subsidies they might be subject to market pressures and the need to make a profit. Secondly, the arts contribute to a nation’s cultural heritage and can create a sense of social identity. They can also play an important role in education, community regeneration and even crime prevention. However, the main argument for public funding of the arts is not social usefulness, but rather because they are important for their own sake.
Of course, there are those who argue that public money would be better spent on meeting the needs of the poorer members of society, rather than catering for the interests of an elite. However, I believe that a healthy society is one in which art and creativity are valued alongside these basic needs. Indeed, a civilized society ought to make the arts accessible to everyone, regardless of their background or income.
In conclusion, the arts should be funded across a broad range of activities, for example, by supporting community or school theatre projects, or bringling sculptures and art installations to public places.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 在利益的驱使下, 大型企业利用节日来达成其营销的目的。(drive)(汉译英)
73. 只有当你的社交媒体上有超过20000名关注者时，你才有可能成为一名网红。(Only)(汉译英)
74. 在他的演讲中, 这位嘉宾对于跑步的热情激励着观众能像马拉松选手一样用奋斗精神去迎接生活中的挑战。(inspire)(汉译英)
75. 和你的预期相反，隐形营销，作为一种常见的做法，经常被公司采纳来推广一个还未做过广告的产品，因为它既便宜又有效。(contrary, adopt)(汉译英)
V. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below.
假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近你校计划选出一个学生社团（student club）并对其提供年度资金帮助，正在全校范围内征求意见。两个备选社团分别为“残疾儿童帮助社(Activities for Disabled Children Club)”和“流浪动物关爱社(Stray Animals Care Club)”。作为学校的一员，你决定写出自己的想法和建议，内容须包括：
1) 明确你的选择；
2) 有逻辑地阐述你做出该选择几点理由并辅以支撑。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________上海市曹杨二中2023学年度第一学期
高二年级期中考试英语试卷
考生注意：
1、答卷前, 考生务必将姓名、班级、学号等在指定位置填写清楚。
2、本试卷共有76道试题, 满分120分, 考试时间105分钟。请考生用黑色水笔或钢笔将答案直接写在答题卷上。
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions： Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. November 11, a day represented by four digits of 1, ___________by young single Chinese in the early 90s as a day for unmarried males.
A. was established B. has established
C. is established D. had been established
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：11月11日，一个由四位数字1表示的日子，被90年代初的年轻单身中国人定为未婚男性的日子。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语in the early 90s可知，应用一般过去时，且主语November 11和动词establish之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A项。
2. Alexander said that he would found an institution___________ any person could receive instruction in any study.
A. where B. which C. that D. how
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：亚历山大说他将建立一个任何人在任何研究里都可以接受指导的机构。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，代替先行词“an institution”在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故选A。
3. ___________difficulties we may come across in carrying out this plan, we’ll work together to overcome them.
A. However B. Wherever C. Whatever D. No matter
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论在执行这个计划时遇到什么困难，我们都要共同努力克服。A. However无论多么；B. Wherever无论何地；C. Whatever无论什么；D. No matter不论，不能直接跟名词。分析可知，空处引导让步状语从句，修饰名词difficulties，且意为“无论什么”应用whatever。故选C。
4. Evidence came up___________ specific speech sounds were recognized by infants as young as two months old.
A. what B. which C. that D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有证据表明两个月大的婴儿就能识别出特定的语音。分析句子可知，空处引导同位语从句，对抽象名词“Evidence”进行具体说明，在从句中不作成分。故选C。
5. When the victims of the earthquake went back home, the repair of their damaged houses___________.
A. has yet completed B. has been completed yet
C. had already completed D. had already been completed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当地震灾民回到家中时，他们被毁坏的房屋的修复工作已经完成。根据动词“went”和句意可知，房屋的修复工作在灾民回家之前已经完成，故空处应用过去完成时；主语是“the repair”，与complete之间应为被动关系，表示“修复被完成”，故应用被动语态。故选D。
6. ___________with only about 1000 pandas, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species.
A. Leaving B. Left C. To leave D. Having left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：目前中国只剩下大约1000只大熊猫，中国正在拼命克隆这种动物，以拯救濒危物种。句中有谓语is trying，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语China和动词leave“留下”是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故选B。
7. Only under special circumstances___________ to use the fire hose, otherwise they will be punished.
A. are people permitted B. people are permitted
C. people permitted D. did people permit
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和倒装句。句意：只有在特殊情况下才允许人们使用消防水带，否则他们将受到惩罚。结合句意可知，本句陈述事实用一般现在时，根据句意可知，主语people“人们”和动词permit“允许”为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态are permitted作谓语，故排除选项C和D；only+状语，位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，故将系动词are放在主语people之前。故选A。
8. ___________countries having great difficulties in economy right now need most of all is financial aid rather than lecturing.
A. What B. When C. That D. Whether
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：现在经济困难的国家最需要的是财政援助，而不是说教。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“最需要的东西”，故应用连接代词what。故选A。
9. You’ll find the hot issue that Da Vinci Furniture Co. , Ltd sold fraud furniture___________ all over China.
A. talk about B. to talk about C. talking about D. talked about
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你会发现达芬奇家具有限公司销售欺诈家具的热点问题在中国各地都在被谈论。will find是谓语动词，空格处作宾语补足语，宾语the hot issue和动词短语talk about为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故选D项。
10. A former billionaire has blown his entire fortune on saving old objects and houses___________ he is turning into China’s largest private folk-art museum.
A. where B. which C. what D. how
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一位前亿万富翁将自己的全部财富都花在了拯救旧物品和房屋上，他正在将这些旧物品和房屋改造成中国最大的民间艺术博物馆。此处为定语从句修饰先行词saving old objects and houses，先行词在从句中作宾语，用which引导从句。故选B项。
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits.
You never forget your first whale. The impact it makes ___11___ you is huge and life is never quite the same again.
The world seems to be having more and more whale lovers. Since its beginnings in the mid-50s, whale-watching ___12___ (grow) quickly and now more than 13 million people join ___13___ (organize) whale watching trips every year.
The trouble is that a few hours of whale watching simply isn’t enough. You go out in the morning and, ___14___ lunchtime, you are planning your next trip; by teatime, you are planning the one after that. All your holidays center around whales: the only books you read are those about whales, you wear whale T-shirts, and ___15___ you meet your friends you talk about whales.
So, what is it about these larger-than-life animals ___16___ makes them so special Their size is one possible explanation. Imagine ___17___ (sit) in a small boat next to a blue whale almost as long as a Boeing 737; only a lump of rock could remain ___18___ (unmove) by an experience like that.
They are great fun to watch, too. Humpback whales, for example, ___19___ leap into the air and land back in the water with a huge splash. Then there is the striking and deeply moving level of trust ___20___ many whales show towards people. It’s a truly humbling experience when an enormous whale comes alongside the boat and greets you like an old friend.
【答案】11. upon##on
12. has grown
13. organized
14. by 15. when
16. that 17. sitting
18. unmoved
19. routinely
20. that##which
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为什么有越来越多的鲸鱼爱好者及观鲸的魅力。
【11题详解】
考查介词。句意：它对你的影响是巨大的，生活再也不一样了。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接代词“you”作宾语；动词短语make an impact upon/on sb表示“对某人产生影响”，符合句意。故填upon/on。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自50年代中期开始以来，观鲸活动发展迅速。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“Since its beginning in the mid-50s”可知，应用现在完成时，主语是“whale-watching”，故谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has grown。
【13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在每年有超过1300万人参加有组织的观鲸之旅。根据谓语动词“join”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰“whale watching trips”，并与其形成被动关系，表示“被组织的观鲸之旅”，故应用过去分词形式。故填organized。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：你早上出门，到了午餐时间，你要计划下一次旅行；到下午茶的时候，你要计划再下一次。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词“lunchtime”；根据“by teatime”和句意可知，应用介词by，表示“到午餐时间”。故填by。
【15题详解】
考查连词。句意：你所有的假期都围绕着鲸鱼: 你读的唯一一本关于鲸鱼的书，你穿着鲸鱼 T 恤，每当你遇到你的朋友，你就谈论鲸鱼。分析句子和句意可知，空处应为连词，引导状语从句，表示“每当”，故应用连词whenever。故填whenever。
【16题详解】
考查强调句。句意：那么，是什么让这些具有传奇色彩的动物如此特别呢？分析句子可知，本句为强调句型(it be...that+句子其他的)的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+it +that+句中其他，强调内容为特殊疑问词。故填that。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：想象一下，坐在一条小船上，旁边是一头几乎和波音737一样长的蓝鲸；根据谓语动词“Imagine”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语imagine doing sth表示“想象做某事”，符合句意。故填sitting。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：只有一块石头才会对那样的经历无动于衷。根据谓语动词“remain”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作表语，与“a lump of rock”之间为被动关系，表示“不被感动”，故应用过去分词形式。故填unmoved。
19题详解】
考查副词。句意：例如，座头鲸通常会跳到空中，然后溅起巨大的水花落在水里。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，修饰动词“leap”，作状语；根据句意和常识可知，routinely为副词，意为“惯例地、通常”，符合句意。故填routinely。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：其次，许多鲸鱼对人类表现出令人震惊和深深感动的信任程度。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“level of trust”，在从句中作宾语，故应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
Section C
(A)
Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. drive B. reunite C. genuine D. cause E. fruitful F. address G. harmonious H. harvest I. prioritize J. charge K. deceptive
21. Her____________ smile lit up the whole room and even those who were feeling down or lonely couldn’t help but be lifted by her radiant presence.
22. The sea here looks calm on the surface, but beneath the clear waters lies a dangerous world of hidden rocks and strong currents, making it____________ for swimmers and boaters alike.
23. Once inequality and exploitation are removed, we will be able to build a more____________ society, where everyone has equal opportunities to succeed and thrive.
24. There have been rumours that the band will____________ for a world tour, causing quite a stir as everyone is eager to see their favorite musicians perform live on stage once again.
25. It is important to remember that not all business people____________ profit above all else, and that there are many who are committed to ethical and responsible business practices.
26. After carefully examining and analyzing the video and audio recordings, the police have determined that there is enough evidence to____________ him with the relevant offenses.
27. Our products are designed to____________ the diverse needs of users, with a focus on providing solutions that are practical, functional, and user-friendly.
28. The appeal generated a huge amount of donations in the form of blankets, medicines, and clothing. The____________ of these items served as a symbol of hope and relief for the people in need.
29. By contributing to a good____________, individuals can improve the lives of others and promote social justice, which helps to make the world we live in a better place.
30. It is his tremendous____________ that has allowed him to push himself beyond his limits and to work tirelessly towards his objectives, which is truly an inspiration to those around him.
【答案】21. C 22. K
23. G 24. B
25. I 26. J
27. F 28. H
29. D 30. A
【解析】
【21题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她真诚的微笑照亮了整个房间，即使那些感到沮丧或孤独的人也不禁被她光芒四射的存在所感染。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“真诚的微笑”，选择genuine一词，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这里的海表面看起来平静，但在清澈的水下隐藏着危险的礁石和强大的洋流，对于游泳者和划船者来说具有欺骗性。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作宾语补足语，表示“欺骗性的”，选择deceptive一词，故选K。
【23题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一旦消除了不平等和剥削，我们将能够建立一个更加和谐的社会，每个人都有平等的机会去成功和茁壮成长。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“和谐的社会”，选择harmonious一词，故选G。
【24题详解】
考查动词。句意：有传言说这个乐队将重聚进行一次世界巡演，引起了轰动，因为每个人都渴望再次看到他们最喜爱的音乐家在舞台上演出。分析句子，设空处使用动词，表示“重聚”，选择reunite一词，will后接动词原形，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：重要的是要记住，并不是所有的商人都把利润放在首位，许多商人致力于道德和负责任的商业实践。分析句子，设空处使用动词，表示“优先考虑”，选择prioritize一词，故选I。
【26题详解】
考查动词。句意：经过仔细检查和分析视频和音频记录后，警方确定有足够的证据来控告他相关的罪行。分析句子，设空处使用动词，表示“指控”，选择charge一词， charge sb with：指控某人犯有某种罪行，故选J。
【27题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们的产品旨在解决用户多样化的需求，注重提供实用、功能性和用户友好的解决方案。分析句子，设空处使用动词，表示“解决”，选择，address一词，故选F。
【28题详解】
考查名词。句意：这次呼吁筹集了大量的物品捐赠，包括毯子、药品和衣物。这些物品的收获象征着对需要帮助的人们的希望和救济。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，表示“收获”，选择harvest一词，故选H。
【29题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过为一个善事贡献力量，个人可以改善他人的生活并促进社会正义，从而使我们所生活的世界变得更美好。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，表示“事业”，选择cause一词，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意：正是他巨大的动力使他能够超越自我，不断追求自己的目标，这对周围的人来说是一种真正的激励。分析句子，设空处使用名词作为强调句强调的内容，表示“动力”，选择drive一词，故选A。
(B)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. lasting B. opposing C. agent- D. enormous E. Contribute F. convinced G. involved H. sponsor I. committed J. reflect K. insignificant
How an Individual Can Make a Difference
In the face of a multitude of global problems, it can be difficult to feel like an individual or small groups can make a difference. Our minds and hearts are in the right place but what can one person really do It turns out quite a lot.
With Martin Luther King Day just around the comer in the United States, it’s the perfect time for all of us to ___31___ and remember just how much of an impact one person can make on the world. In his iconic speech at the Lincoln Memorial for the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, King told America, “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”
The social impact King had in the United States is tangible, ___32___ and real. All of us here at Up with People are ___33___ of the power of individuals to make a difference. In fact, it’s our mission.
Through music and action, we empower young people to be a positive ___34___ of change for a more hopeful, trusting, and peaceful world.
You might think the difference you can make is ___35___ . No matter what corner of the world you call home, what you do everyday matters and even small acts can make giant ripples of good in this world we all share.
It’s a myth that what we do has to be ___36___ to make a difference. You don’t have to be Martin Luther King Jr. to have a positive social impact on your community. Margaret Mead put it best, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful and ___37___ citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”
So, start small. Do daily, small acts of kindness. Pay for someone’s coffee, open a door, let someone cut in front of you in line or smile. Spread kindness because the world needs it.
___38___ money or your time. Pick an organization close to home or volunteer around the world with Up with People!
Be a(n) ___39___ or join a meaningful campaign. Googling “join a campaign” will result in millions of responses from supporting children to the elderly. Whatever you get ___40___ in will advance the campaign greatly because of your actions. Pick one thing to start so you don’t get overwhelmed.
【答案】31. J 32. A 33. F 34. C 35. K 36. D 37. I 38. E 39. H 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是个人如何对这个世界有所影响。
【31题详解】
考查不定式。句意：马丁·路德·金纪念日即将在美国到来，这是我们所有人反思和记住一个人能对世界产生多大影响的最佳时机。根据“and remember just how much of an impact one person can make on the world”可知，此处表示“反思一个人能对世界产生多大影响”，空格处意为“反思”，是reflect，it’s time to do意为“是做某事的时候了”，因此空格处用动词原形，故选J。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：马丁·路德·金对美国的社会影响是有形的、持久的和真实的。根据上文“The social impact King had in the United States”和客观事实可知，马丁·路德·金对美国的社会影响是有形的、持久的，空格处意为“持久的”，用形容词作表语，是lasting，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们在Up with People的所有人都相信个人的力量可以带来改变。根据“the power of individuals to make a difference”可知，句子表示“我们在Up with People的所有人都相信个人的力量可以带来改变”，空格处意为“相信”，用形容词作表语，是convinced，故选F。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过音乐和行动，我们赋予年轻人力量，使他们成为一个更有希望、更信任、更和平的世界的积极变革推动者。根据“change for a more hopeful, trusting, and peaceful world”可知，句子表示“我们赋予年轻人力量，使他们成为一个更有希望、更信任、更和平的世界的积极变革推动者”，空格处意为“原动力”，是agent，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你可能认为你所能带来的改变是微不足道的。根据“No matter what corner of the world you call home, what you do everyday matters and even small acts can make giant ripples of good in this world we all share”可知，句子表示“你可能认为你所能带来的改变是微不足道的”，空格处意为“微不足道的”，用形容词作表语，是insignificant，故选K。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们所做的必须是巨大的才能有所作为，这是一个神话。根据下文“You don’t have to be Martin Luther King Jr. to have a positive social impact on your community”可知，句子表示“我们所做的必须是巨大的才能有所作为，这是一个神话”，空格处意为“巨大的”，用形容词作表语，是enormous，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：永远不要怀疑，一小群有思想、有决心的公民可以改变世界。根据上文“thoughtful and”和下文“can change the world”可知，句子表示“一小群有思想、有决心的公民可以改变世界”，空格处意为“有决心的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词citizens，是committed，故选I。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：贡献金钱或时间。根据上文“Spread kindness”可知，句子表示“贡献金钱”，空格处意为“贡献”，是contribute，位于句首，首字母大写，故选E。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：成为一名赞助商或参加一个有意义的活动。根据下文“from supporting children to the elderly”可知，句子表示“成为一名赞助商”，空格处意为“赞助商”，是sponsor，故选H。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：无论你参与什么，都会因为你的行动而极大地推动这场运动。根据下文“Pick one thing to start”可知，句子表示“无论你参与什么，都会因为你的行动而极大地推动这场运动”，此处意为“参与”，是固定短语get involved in，因此空格处是involved。故选G。
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Please stop ruining children’s summer camp
Teslie Conrad is the director of Clemson Outdoor Lab in South Carolina, which runs several different youth summer camps. Clemson ___41___ cell phones and other electronic devices in summer camps. And according to the American Camp Association, most sleep-away camps in the United States ___42___ access to cell phones.
This makes sense. We traditionally think of summer camps as a place where we get to swim in a lake, camp under the stars and make new ___43___ over campfires and outdoor adventures, not one where we text and play video games.
Researchers say that campers develop invaluable social skills, while facing risks and working their way through their feelings of homesickness — all ___44___. “It’s kind of like letting go of everything and coming to a different world,” says Alexa Sherman, an 11-year-old camper. Many of the campers there say they ___45___ YouTube and Snapchat, but they quickly come to appreciate the hands-on activities and in-person friendships.
The people who have the ___46___ time letting go, camp directors say, aren’t necessarily the campers themselves, but instead their parents.
Barry Garst studies youth development at Clemson University. He said that whether you call them “helicopter”, “snowmobile” or “lawnmower” parents, over-involved parenting is having a negative overall effect and is ___47___ the types of positive interpersonal experiences these camps are meant to provide for youth. Not weather, not water safety, not dangerous bears. It’s parents who call every day demanding ___48___ on their kids and who expect to hear from the camp director about every skinned knee.
Meg Barthel, the lead girls’ counselor at camp Echo, carries a device with access to Wi-Fi around camp. “I have to ___49___ the mothers who are used to having constant communication with their daughters,” she says. How many ____50____ a day “Up to 100.”
Some camps address parents’ ____51____ for updates by posting pictures and videos online. But sometimes this can have the ____52____ effect. In response, they’ll often receive the following phone call: “Hello, camp director, I was on your ____53____ and I don’t see them. Are they OK Were they sent to the hospital ”
Research on over-parenting, says Garst, shows that when parents behave this way, the development of a child’s sense of ____54____ can be slowed or can become altogether halted. The parents are sending the message that they don’t think their kids can get through tough moments on their own, and the kids pick up on this attitude. “Children are not really learning how to ____55____ for themselves.”
41. A. bans B. produces C. searches D. provides
42. A. want B. limit C. enable D. improve
43. A. friends B. decisions C. investments D. mistakes
44. A. on purpose B. in agreement C. by themselves D. with excitement
45. A. use B. uninstall C. forget D. miss
46. A. first B. hardest C. shortest D. greatest
47. A. finding B. attending C. ruining D. setting up
48. A. comments B. reports C. studies D. focus
49. A. respond to B. chat with C. seek out D. argue against
50. A. problems B. parents C. messages D. lessons
51. A. plan B. wait C. pause D. thirst
52. A. magical B. opposite C. protective D. similar
53. A. website B. campsite C. phone D. list
54. A. self-awareness B. knowledge C. independence D. intelligence
55. A. make friends B. ask questions C. make plans D. solve problems
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了露营时营地通常会限制孩子们使用电子设备，而父母对孩子过度养育，不断询问孩子在营地的情况，往往会破坏孩子独立意识的发展。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clemson禁止在夏令营使用手机和其他电子设备。A. bans禁止；B. produces产生；C. searches搜索；D. provides提供。根据后文的“We traditionally think of summer camps as a place where we get to swim in a lake, camp under the stars and make new ___3___ over campfires and outdoor adventures, not one where we text and play video games.”可知，传统上，我们认为夏令营不是一个我们发短信和玩电子游戏的地方，故这个夏令营禁止使用手机和其他电子设备。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据美国营地协会的说法，美国大多数寄宿营地都限制使用手机。A. want想要；B. limit限制；C. enable使能够；D. improve改进。根据后文的“We traditionally think of summer camps as a place where we get to swim in a lake, camp under the stars and make new ___3___ over campfires and outdoor adventures, not one where we text and play video games.”可知，传统上，我们认为夏令营不是一个我们发短信和玩电子游戏的地方，故美国大多数寄宿营地都限制使用手机。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们传统上认为夏令营是一个我们可以在湖里游泳，在星空下露营，在篝火旁结交新朋友和户外探险的地方，而不是一个我们发短信和玩电子游戏的地方。A. friends朋友；B. decisions决定；C. investments投资；D. mistakes错误。根据前文的“We traditionally think of summer camps as a place where we get to swim in a lake, camp under the stars and make”和常识可推知，我们传统上认为夏令营是可以玩耍和交朋友的地方。make friends“交朋友”，为固定短语。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：研究人员说，露营者在独自面对风险和克服思乡情绪的同时，培养了宝贵的社交技能。A. on purpose故意；B. in agreement一致；C. by themselves独自；D. with excitement兴奋地。根据前文的“while facing risks and working their way through their feelings of homesickness”可推知，露营时面对风险和克服思乡情绪是露营者在独自面对的。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那里的许多露营者说他们想念YouTube和Snapchat，但他们很快就开始欣赏这些动手活动和面对面的友谊。A. use使用；B. uninstall卸载；C. forget忘记；D. miss想念。根据前文的“And according to the American Camp Association, most sleep-away camps in the United States ___2___ access to cell phones.”可知，露营地限制使用手机，故露营者会想念聊天的软件，想和人用手机聊天。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：营地负责人说，最难放手的人不一定是参加夏令营的人自己，而是他们的父母。A. first第一的；B. hardest最难的；C. shortest最短的；D. greatest最大的。根据后文的“It’s parents who call every day demanding ___8___ on their kids and who expect to hear from the camp director about every skinned knee.”可知，父母不放心孩子们，最难放手的是父母。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，无论你称他们为“直升机父母”、“雪地摩托父母”还是“割草机父母”，过度介入的父母总体上都在产生负面影响，破坏了这些夏令营旨在为青少年提供的积极的人际交往体验。A. finding发现；B. attending出席；C. ruining破坏；D. setting up设置。根据前文的“over-involved parenting is having a negative overall effect”可知，过度介入的父母会破坏孩子们的夏令营体验。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：家长们每天打电话要求报告孩子的情况，他们希望从夏令营主任那里听到每一个擦伤的膝盖。A. comments评论；B. reports报告；C. studies研究；D. focus关注。根据后文的“who expect to hear from the camp director about every skinned knee”可知，家长们要求夏令营负责人报告孩子的情况。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说：“我必须回应那些习惯了与女儿不断沟通的母亲。”A. respond to回应；B. chat with聊天；C. seek out找出；D. argue against反对。根据后文的“who are used to having constant communication with their daughters,” she says. How many 10 a day “Up to 100.””可知，父母不放心孩子，总是询问孩子的情况，老师不得不作出回应。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天有多少条信息？A. problems问题；B. parents父母；C. messages消息；D. lessons经验教训。根据前文的“Meg Barthel, the lead girls’ counselor at camp Echo, carries a device with access to Wi-Fi around camp. “I have to ___9___ the mothers who are used to having constant communication with their daughters, ”she says.”可知，父母惦记孩子，发出很多信息询问情况。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些夏令营通过在网上发布图片和视频来满足家长对最新情况的渴望。A. plan计划；B. wait等待；C. pause停顿；D. thirst渴望。根据前文的““I have to ___9___ the mothers who are used to having constant communication with their daughters,” she says.”可知，家长渴望知道孩子们的情况。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有时这会产生相反的效果。A. magical神奇的；B. opposite相反的；C. protective防护的；D. similar相像的。根据后文的“In response, they’ll often receive the following phone call: “Hello, camp director, I was on your ___13___ and I don’t see them. Are they OK Were they sent to the hospital ””可知，家长在网站的照片中没有看到自己的孩子，反倒更担忧，故这产生了相反的效果。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，他们通常会接到这样的电话：“你好，营地主任，我在你的网站上，但我没有看到他们。他们还好吗？他们被送到医院了吗？”A. website网站；B. campsite露营地；C. phone电话；D. list列表。根据前文的“Some camps address parents’ ___11___ for updates by posting pictures and videos online.”可知，家长在网站上看到的图片或视频。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Garst说，对过度养育的研究表明，当父母以这种方式行事时，孩子独立意识的发展可能会减慢或完全停止。A. self-awareness自我意识；B. knowledge知识；C. independence独立性；D. intelligence智力。根据后文的“The parents are sending the message that they don’t think their kids can get through tough moments on their own, and the kids pick up on this attitude.”可知，父母传递的信息是，他们认为自己的孩子无法独自度过艰难时刻，而孩子们也接受了这种态度，故孩子独立意识的发展遭到破坏。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：孩子们并没有真正学会如何自己解决问题。A. make friends交朋友；B. ask questions问问题；C. make plans制定计划；D. solve problems解决问题。根据前文的“The parents are sending the message that they don’t think their kids can get through tough moments on their own, and the kids pick up on this attitude.”可知，父母和孩子这样的态度导致孩子们不能自己解决生活中的难题。故选D项。
Section B
Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
My 14-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat almost at the same time. It was hanging at a secondhand clothing store. While the other coats looked rather depressed, this one looked as if it were holding itself up. The thick, black wool of the chesterfield (长大衣) was soft and unworn. It was beautifully tailored and had an unbelievable price tag of $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes shone. Dark, woolen coats were popular with teenage boys; but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better, bearing that touch of classic elegance from long ago.
John tried it on and turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile. The fit was perfect.
John wore the coat to school the next day and came home with a grin. “How did the kids like your coat ” I asked. “They loved it!” he said merrily, carefully folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat.
Over the next few weeks, a change came over John. Agreement replaced protest; quiet, reasoned discussion replaced argument. He became more sensible, more polite, more thoughtful, eager to please. “Good dinner, Mom, ” he would say every evening. One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John, who was always putting off doing stuff, said, “You’re right. I guess I will.”
When I mentioned this incident to one of his teachers and remarked that I didn’t know what caused the changes, she said laughing. “It must be his coat!” At the library, we ran into a friend who had not seen our children for a long time, “Could this be John ” he asked, looking up to John’s new height, assessing the style of his coat and extending his hand, one gentleman to another.
Sometimes, watching John leave for school, I’m reminded of what it felt like to be at his age — a time when it was as easy to try on different approaches to life as it was to try on a coat.
56. Why did John’s eyes shine when he saw the coat
A. It was the first time that he had been to a secondhand store.
B. It was pleasant for him to share the same taste with mom.
C He fell in love with that coat and wanted to put it on.
D. He managed to get his mom to buy him a new coat.
57. What does the underlined word “grin” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. A big smile. B. A sad look. C. A jealous remark. D. An anxious thought.
58. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage
A. There was a trend of loving such coats among teenage boys then.
B. John used to be disobedient towards parents’ demands.
C. John acted like a gentleman after wearing the coat.
D. The teacher didn’t understand why John changed a lot.
59. Which of the following might the best title
A. A Special Shopping Experience B. A Caring Mother
C. A Magical Coat D. John’s Taste for Clothing
【答案】56. C 57. A 58. D 59. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者给儿子买了一件他喜欢的外套，儿子穿上去上学后有了全新的改变。作者因此感悟到如果我们穿着得体，思想行为也会与之相配的，因为我们所穿的衣服会一定程度的影响我们的内在。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“My 14-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat almost at the same time. It was hanging at a secondhand clothing store. While the other coats looked rather depressed, this one looked as if it were holding itself up. The thick, black wool of the chesterfield (长大衣) was soft and unworn. It was beautifully tailored and had an unbelievable price tag of $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes shone. Dark, woolen coats were popular with teenage boys; but could cost several hundred dollars new.(我和14岁的儿子约翰几乎同时发现了这件外套。挂在一家二手服装店。其他的外套看起来都很压抑，而这件外套看起来却挺得住。厚的，黑色的羊毛的切斯特菲尔德是柔软的，没有磨损。这件衣服剪裁精美，标价28美元，令人难以置信。我们面面相觑，什么也没说，但约翰的眼睛闪闪发光。深色的羊毛外套在十几岁的男孩中很受欢迎；但是可能要花费几百美元)”可知，约翰看到那件外套时眼睛闪闪发光因为他爱上了那件外套，想穿上它。故选C。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文““How did the kids like your coat ” I asked. “They loved it!” he said merrily, carefully folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat.(“孩子们喜欢你的外套吗？”我问。“他们很喜欢！”他高兴地说，小心地把它叠在椅背上，把它抚平)”可知，儿子的同学都很喜欢这件衣服，儿子很高兴，是带着微笑回来的，故划线词意思是“大大的微笑”。故选A。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When I mentioned this incident to one of his teachers and remarked that I didn’t know what caused the changes, she said laughing. “It must be his coat!”(当我向他的一位老师提到这件事，并说我不知道是什么导致了这些变化时，她笑着说。“一定是因为他的外套！”)”可知，D选项“老师不明白为什么约翰改变了很多”不正确。故选D。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Sometimes, watching John leave for school, I’m reminded of what it felt like to be at his age — a time when it was as easy to try on different approaches to life as it was to try on a coat.(有时，看着约翰去上学，我想起了在他这个年纪的感觉——在那个时候，尝试不同的生活方式就像试一件外套一样容易)”结合文章主要讲述了作者给儿子买了一件他喜欢的外套，儿子穿上去上学后有了全新的改变。作者因此感悟到如果我们穿着得体，思想行为也会与之相配的，因为我们所穿的衣服会一定程度的影响我们的内在。可知，C选项“一件神奇的外套”最符合文章标题。故选C。
(B)
The Puffing Billy Railway, located about 40 km east of Melbourne, was constructed in the early 1900s to open up remote areas. The present line between Belgrave and Gembrook travels through the forests and farmlands of the magnificent Dandenong Ranges. Today, this non-profit Railway operates almost daily thanks to the tireless efforts of more than 900 dedicated volunteers.
General Information: People with disabilities – can be accommodated on most excursion trains, including a limited number of wheelchairs. Please phone to check availability. Easy access toilets are at Belgrave, Lakeside and Gembrook. Refreshments and souvenirs – are available at most stations. Railway Tracks – standing and walking on the tracks is not permitted. Prams (婴儿车) – only folding or narrow type prams can be accommodated through the narrow carriage doors. Smoking – is not permitted on the train or under any roofed areas. Assistance Dogs certified by a registered authority – are the only dogs allowed on the train and must be kept on lead at all times. Alcohol – is not permitted on trains (except as provided in dining cars). Toilets – are located at each station. Parenting rooms are located at Belgrave, Lakeside & Gembrook. Photographs and videos – for personal use are permitted. Wedding photography and any use, re-use or reproduction for commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission.
Conditions: Concession fares (优惠票价) are available to Australian bearers of Health Care, Student, Seniors, Companion or Pensioner cards. (Exclude evening dining and events). Your signature may be required on day of travel for verification purposes. Children under 4 years, not occupying a seat, are carried FREE on excursion trains only, excluding special events and dining trains. Discounts are available for pre-booked group travel (20 or more) on a return journey, except on Sundays, public holidays and school holidays. All trains are steam-driven unless a diesel locomotive (柴油机车) is required in exceptional circumstances. First Class Travel return journeys are on appointed trains only.
60. The above information is mainly intended for _____.
A. international tourists in Australia
B. potential travelers of the steam trains
C. local residents in Dandenong Ranges
D. volunteers on the Puffing Billy Railway
61. People are not permitted to bring _____ onto the excursion trains.
A. prams B. guide dogs C. wheelchairs D. alcohol
62. What can be learned from the above information
A. Taking photos is forbidden on most excursion trains.
B. Toilets for the disabled are not available at all stations.
C. Foreign visitors to Australia can also get concession fares.
D. One can get tickets at a lower price as long as he books in advance.
【答案】60. B 61. D 62. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了位于墨尔本以东约40公里处的“膨胀比利铁路”建于20世纪初，目的是开辟偏远地区。现在贝尔格雷夫和金布鲁克之间的线路穿过宏伟的丹德农山脉的森林和农田。今天，由于900多名志愿者的不懈努力，这条非营利性铁路几乎每天都在运营。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“The Puffing Billy Railway, located about 40 km east of Melbourne, was constructed in the early 1900s to open up remote areas. The present line between Belgrave and Gembrook travels through the forests and farmlands of the magnificent Dandenong Ranges. Today, this non-profit Railway operates almost daily thanks to the tireless efforts of more than 900 dedicated volunteers.”（这条位于墨尔本以东约40公里处的“膨胀比利铁路”建于20世纪初，目的是开辟偏远地区。现在贝尔格雷夫和金布鲁克之间的线路穿过宏伟的丹德农山脉的森林和农田。今天，由于900多名志愿者的不懈努力，这条非营利性铁路几乎每天都在运营。）由此判断出，以上资料主要供潜在乘坐蒸汽列车的旅客参考。故选B项。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“Alcohol – is not permitted on trains (except as provided in dining cars).”（酒精——不允许带上火车(餐车里提供的除外)）可知，人们不允许带酒上短途列车。故选D项。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“Easy access toilets are at Belgrave, Lakeside and Gembrook.”（Belgrave、莱克赛德和 Gembrook 都设有方便使用的厕所。）可知，并非所有车站都设有残疾人厕所。故选B项。
(C)
When in a saturated (饱和的) market, you need a hook that makes your business stand out from the competition. Lower prices could help, but imagine a tactic that could encourage organic conversation about your brand, and actually help you increase the value of your product.
That’s scarcity marketing. And you’ll find it used across numerous industries.
It’s especially common in retail as companies use several exclusivity techniques, like limited time sales, to encourage consumers further along the buying cycle. It’s also common in the tech industry, whether for promoting apps or devices. Even beauty brands are rewarding consumers with exclusive club membership.
Scarcity marketing is everywhere. But it’s also a risky tactic.
Limited items and restricted membership mean some of your consumers will miss out, leading to frustration, disappointment, and anger. You need to use social media listening to make sure your strategy doesn’t backfire.
The reason why scarcity marketing tactics are so effective is due to our fear of missing out, or FOMO(fear of missing out). It’s driven by the explosive growth of social networking that gives us a greater opportunity to connect with people around the world. But that increased reliance on the Internet encourages people to feel more anxious about missing something important.
Brands can make the most of this in their sales and marketing strategy by the scarcity principle. Consumers place a higher value on goods that are scarce. Or even, just perceived to be scarce. So, by decreasing the availability of your product or service, while still maintaining the demand, your product will be made more scarce. Meaning you can charge a premium price. That’s why scarcity marketing is so effective. You’re decreasing supply, tipping the equilibrium in your favour.
In What Exclusivity Can Do for Your Business Marketing, Rachel Winsted explains how you can use exclusivity as your entire marketing strategy. This relies less on traditional marketing techniques, and more on making your brand appear unique.
This boutique style can be more cost-effective, as you don’t need to advertise to everyone. In fact, it benefits from fewer people knowing about the brand. That way, new consumers get an extra thrill from discovering you and will sell you to their friends, if only to show off what they’ve discovered. The three things for making this strategy work are:
·Networking
With fewer marketing channels available, you want more face-to-face engagement. It’s a more personal way to promote. Therefore, more exclusive.
·A simpler online presence
You want to create engaging social media content, not promotional sales posts. Give clients the opportunity to find out more about you on their own accord.
·An amazing customer experience
This is essential. There’s no point in being exclusionary if what you offer isn’t. It’s easy for exclusivity to go wrong if there’s nothing unique about the brand.
63. Which of the following cases falls into the category of strategy of scarcity marketing
A. A small cafe in Singapore only opens on random days.
B. A fitness gym encourages people to pre-purchase courses with a special offer.
C. A cosmetic shop sends samples of its latest products to its potential customers.
D. Face masks are out of stock during the outbreak of the pandemic in January 2020.
64. All of the adjectives describe the feature of scarcity marketing EXCEPT ”________“.
A. risky B. tricky C. effective D. eccentric
65. According to the context, which phrase best interprets the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 5
A. Let somebody down. B. Miss a golden opportunity.
C. Have the opposite effect. D. Go against the principle.
66. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. Access to the Internet could alleviate people’s fear of missing out because of the extensive information it provides.
B. Your scarcity marketing would be in vain without the excellent customer experience.
C. Decreasing the availability of your product results in the decline in demand.
D. The more people you target at, the more people knowing about your brand, the better.
【答案】63. A 64. D 65. C 66. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了稀缺性营销的一些特点以及使用该策略的注意事项。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s especially common in retail, as companies use several exclusivity techniques, like limited time sales, to encourage consumers further along the buying cycle. (这在零售业尤其常见，因为公司会使用一些排他性技术，比如限时销售，来鼓励消费者在购买周期中走得更远。)”可知，新加坡的一家小咖啡馆只在随机的日子里营业，体现了限时销售的排他性技术，属于稀缺性营销策略。故选A项。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Scarcity marketing is everywhere. But it’s also a risky tactic. (稀缺性营销无处不在。但这也是一种冒险的策略。)”可知，A项risky“冒险的”体现了这一点。第八段中“In What Exclusivity Can Do for Your Business Marketing, Rachel Winsted explains how you can use exclusivity as your entire marketing strategy. This relies less on traditional marketing techniques, and more on making your brand appear unique. (在《排他性对你的商业营销有何帮助》一书中，Rachel Winsted解释了如何将排他性作为你的整个营销策略。这较少依赖于传统的营销技巧，更多的是让你的品牌显得独特。)”可知，B项tricky“难办的”体现了这一点。第六段中“The reason why scarcity marketing tactics are so effective is due to our fear of missing out, or FOMO(fear of missing out). (稀缺性营销策略如此有效的原因是由于我们害怕错过，或FOMO(害怕错过)。)”可知，C项effective“有效的”体现了这一点。D项eccentric“古怪的”在文章中没有体现。故选D项。
【65题详解】
词句猜测题。第四段“Scarcity marketing is everywhere. But it’s also a risky tactic.(稀缺性营销无处不在。但这也是一种冒险的策略。)”和划线词句前文“Limited items and restricted membership mean some of your consumers will miss out, leading to frustration, disappointment, and anger. (有限的商品和有限的会员资格意味着你的一些消费者将错过，导致沮丧、失望和愤怒。)”说明采取稀缺性营销策略是冒险的，有时一些消费者不满意。从而推知划线词句“You need to use social media listening to make sure your strategy doesn’t backfire. (你需要利用社交媒体倾听来确保你的策略不会backfire。)”其中划线词汇应为“具有相反的效果，适得其反”的意思。故选C项。
【66题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题“An amazing customer experience (令人惊叹的客户体验)”及其段落中“This is essential. There’s no point in being exclusionary if what you offer isn’t. It’s easy for exclusivity to go wrong if there’s nothing unique about the brand. (这是至关重要的。如果你提供的不是排斥性的，那就没有意义。如果这个品牌没有什么独特之处，那么排他性很容易出问题。)”可知，如果没有出色的客户体验，你的稀缺营销将是徒劳的。故选B项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The World’s Worst Airport
Like expensive watches that never break, the world’s best airports can be boring. You land, breeze through passport control and check into a hotel within minutes. The experience is pleasant, but not memorable. ___67___ To adapt Tolstoy, lovely airports are all alike, but every wretched (不幸的) airport is wretched in its own way.
Consider Juba, the airport in South Sudan’s capital, which is a hot tent. Planes are often late, so passengers must sweat for hours. The departure hall has no toilets, no food and no queuing system. Lucky is the traveller who finds a chair that is only half-broken. Since dirty water and tropical diseases are common, so are upset stomachs. Tough luck. Travellers should have thought twice before eating salad.
___68___ Big important people’s servants carry their bags, which are ostentatiously (卖弄地)) passed round, not through, the scanner. Since the machine seldom works, little peopled are in effect up-graded to big important status by not having their bags scanned for guns and explosives, either.
South Sudan is at war, so many UN planes take off from Juba carrying aid workers and emergency supplies. ___69___ When a journalist was booked on a UN flight, he was assured by the government that his papers were in order. Yet at the airport he was told to get a fourth permit, as well as the three expensive ones he had already obtained. This required a trip across town. Predictably, he missed his plane.
Juba has three terminals, but only one is in use. After South Sudan became independent in 2011, the government planned to build an airy structure of glass, steel and concrete. ___70___ In 2016 the government decided to build a more modest terminal. But it, too, stands half-completed and empty, next to the tented camp that people actually have to use. Travellers are advised to bring a good, long book.
A. Aggressive officials in sunglasses take pleasure in blocking them.
B. Working out which is the world’s worst airport is not easy.
C. Security is terrible.
D. Work started in 2012, but stopped when the bills were paid.
E. The worst airports have more characters.
F. Although each awful airport is unique, four themes are very common.
【答案】67. E 68. C 69. A 70. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上最差的机场——南苏丹首都朱巴机场的情况。
【67题详解】
根据上文“Like expensive watches that never break, the world’s best airports can be boring. You land, breeze through passport control and check into a hotel within minutes. The experience is pleasant, but not memorable.(就像昂贵的手表永远不会坏一样，世界上最好的机场也可能很无聊。你降落后，轻松通过护照检查，几分钟内就能入住酒店。这种经历令人愉快，但并不令人难忘)”以及后文“To adapt Tolstoy, lovely airports are all alike, but every wretched (不幸的) airport is wretched in its own way.(用托尔斯泰的话来说，可爱的机场都是相似的，但每个倒霉的机场却各有各的倒霉)”可知，后文提到了倒霉的机场，上文提到了并不令人难忘，可知本句为过渡句，意在指出令人难忘的最差的机场。故选E项“最差的机场有更多的特点”符合语境，故选E。
【68题详解】
根据本段内容“Big important people’s servants carry their bags, which are ostentatiously (卖弄地)) passed round, not through, the scanner. Since the machine seldom works, little peopled are in effect up-graded to big important status by not having their bags scanned for guns and explosives, either.(重要人物的仆人帮他们拿着包，这些包会被招摇地绕过扫描仪，而不是通过扫描仪。由于这台机器很少工作，小人物实际上也被升级为大人物，因为他们的行李也没有被扫描是否有枪支和爆炸物)”可知，后文提到了行李没有被扫描是否有枪支和爆炸物，说明安全问题糟糕。故C选项“安全问题很糟糕”符合语境，故选C。
【69题详解】
根据上文“South Sudan is at war, so many UN planes take off from Juba carrying aid workers and emergency supplies.(南苏丹处于战争状态，所以许多联合国飞机从朱巴起飞，运送救援人员和紧急物资)”以及后文“When a journalist was booked on a UN flight, he was assured by the government that his papers were in order. Yet at the airport he was told to get a fourth permit, as well as the three expensive ones he had already obtained. This required a trip across town. Predictably, he missed his plane.(当一名记者预定联合国航班时，政府向他保证，他的证件都是齐全的。然而，在机场，他被告知要获得第四张许可证，以及他已经获得的三张昂贵的许可证。这需要横穿整个城市。不出所料，他错过了飞机)”可知，后文记者被拦截的例子表明，这个机场的官员喜欢没有理由地拦截救援人员和紧急物资，A选项中them指代上文aid workers and emergency supplies。故A选项“戴着墨镜的好斗官员以阻挡他们为乐”符合语境，故选A。
【70题详解】
根据上文“Juba has three terminals, but only one is in use. After South Sudan became independent in 2011, the government planned to build an airy structure of glass, steel and concrete.(朱巴有三个终端，但只有一个在使用。2011年南苏丹独立后，政府计划建造一个由玻璃、钢铁和混凝土组成的通风结构)”可知，上文提到了2011年计划建造，可知本句继续说明工程进行的情况。故D选项“工程始于2012年，但在支付账单后停止了”符合语境，故选D。
III. Summary Writing
71 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Where Arts Should Get Its Funding
Few people would contest the value of arts in a civilized society. Great art enriches people’s lives by providing pleasure, stimulation and an escape from the pressure of everyday life. However, it is also true that many of the arts, such as classical music, the ballet, and the visual arts have always attracted a minority audience. The question is whether the arts should be publicly funded, or whether it is the consumers who should pay.
It is my view that the government should subsidize the arts, for a number of reasons. First of all, without subsidies, many artists would undoubtedly be unable to survive financially. Government grants can enable them to work with artistic freedom, while if they worked independently or relied on private subsidies they might be subject to market pressures and the need to make a profit. Secondly, the arts contribute to a nation’s cultural heritage and can create a sense of social identity. They can also play an important role in education, community regeneration and even crime prevention. However, the main argument for public funding of the arts is not social usefulness, but rather because they are important for their own sake.
Of course, there are those who argue that public money would be better spent on meeting the needs of the poorer members of society, rather than catering for the interests of an elite. However, I believe that a healthy society is one in which art and creativity are valued alongside these basic needs. Indeed, a civilized society ought to make the arts accessible to everyone, regardless of their background or income.
In conclusion, the arts should be funded across a broad range of activities, for example, by supporting community or school theatre projects, or bringling sculptures and art installations to public places.
【答案】The passage tells us that arts should be supported by the government or other organizations, not only because funding makes artists concentrate on their own careers, but also arts play an important role in society in many aspects.
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文，作者论述了关于艺术是否应该得到资金的支持的两个原因。一是没有资金支持，许多艺术家无疑无法生存下去。二是艺术为一个国家的文化遗产做出贡献，并能创造一种社会认同感。它们还可以在教育、社区重建甚至预防犯罪方面也发挥重要作用。
【详解】要求概括转述作者的观点，不能用第一人称。找出原文中的中心句或主题句，一般在段落开头或结尾。该短文是在最后一段是中心句。本文是对艺术应该得到社会各界的资金支持，作者给出了自己的两个原因。所以概括原文应该提出作者的结论性的观点，还要指出他得出这种结论的原因。
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 在利益的驱使下, 大型企业利用节日来达成其营销的目的。(drive)(汉译英)
【答案】Driven by interests, large enterprises use festivals to achieve their marketing purposes.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。“利益”应用复数名词interests表示，“大型企业”可译为large enterprises，复数形式表泛指；根据汉语提示和句意，大型企业是被利益所驱使，故“在利益的驱使下”应用过去分词形式表达，作状语，译为driven by interests；“利用……做某事”可用use...to do来表达，“达成其营销目的”可译为achieve their marketing purposes，故“利用节日来达成其营销目的”可译为use festivals to achieve their marketing purposes；用不定式作目的状语，根据句意，本句应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是“large enterprises”，谓语动词应为复数。故全句译为：Driven by interests, large enterprises use festivals to achieve their marketing purposes.
73. 只有当你的社交媒体上有超过20000名关注者时，你才有可能成为一名网红。(Only)(汉译英)
【答案】Only when you have more than 20,000 followers on social media can you become an influencer.
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句时态和短语。“只有当……时”可用Only+when...状语从句表达，only位于句首，主句要部分倒装；“社交媒体”可译为social media，网络上的“关注者”可用follower表达，“网红”可译为influencer，根据句意用一般现在时，表示现在的事实，结合主谓一致，从句用you have...，主句用情态动词 can表示“能够”，后接动词原形，故全句可译为：Only when you have more than 20,000 followers on social media can you become an influencer.
74. 在他的演讲中, 这位嘉宾对于跑步的热情激励着观众能像马拉松选手一样用奋斗精神去迎接生活中的挑战。(inspire)(汉译英)
【答案】In his speech, the guest’s passion for running inspires the audience to meet life’s challenges with struggling spirit like marathon runners.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。“在他演讲中”可译为in his speech；passion for (doing) sth意为“对于（做）某事的热情”，故“这位嘉宾对于跑步的热情”可译为the guest’s passion for running；根据英文提示，“激励某人做某事”可译为inspire sb to do sth，动词短语meet challenges with表示“用……迎接挑战”，struggling spirit表示“奋斗精神”，“马拉松选手”可译为marathon runner，故“激励观众能像马拉松选手一样用奋斗精神去迎接生活中的挑战”可译为inspire the audience to meet life’s challenges with struggling spirit like marathon runners；由句意可知，本句应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是“passion”，故谓语动词用单数形式。故全句可译为：In his speech, the guest’s passion for running inspires the audience to meet life’s challenges with struggling spirit like marathon runners.
75. 和你的预期相反，隐形营销，作为一种常见的做法，经常被公司采纳来推广一个还未做过广告的产品，因为它既便宜又有效。(contrary, adopt)(汉译英)
【答案】Contrary to what you might expect, stealth marketing, as a common practice, is often adopted by companies to promote a product that has not yet been advertised, because it is cheap and effective.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。表示“和……相反”应用contrary to；表示“你的预期”可用what引导宾语从句，翻译为what you might expect；主语“隐性营销”表达为stealth marketing；表示“作为一种常见的做法”翻译为as a common practice；表示“被采纳”翻译为be adopted；表示“推广一个还未做过广告的产品”作目的状语，故翻译为to promote a product that has not yet been advertised，其中that引导定语从句，从句用现在完成时的被动语态；表示“因为它既便宜又有效”翻译为because引导的原因状语从句，为because it is cheap and effective，该句陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。故翻译为Contrary to what you might expect, stealth marketing, as a common practice, is often adopted by companies to promote a product that has not yet been advertised, because it is cheap and effective.
V. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below.
假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近你校计划选出一个学生社团（student club）并对其提供年度资金帮助，正在全校范围内征求意见。两个备选社团分别为“残疾儿童帮助社(Activities for Disabled Children Club)”和“流浪动物关爱社(Stray Animals Care Club)”。作为学校的一员，你决定写出自己的想法和建议，内容须包括：
1) 明确你的选择；
2) 有逻辑地阐述你做出该选择的几点理由并辅以支撑。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Sir/Madam,
Hearing that you are calling on students to give opinions on choosing a student association, I am so interested in it and decide to write a letter to suggest selecting the Activities for Disabled Children Club.
In my opinion, with your fund, the Activities for Disabled Children Club can do some important things to help disabled children, such as regular medical examinations, which can improve the rehabilitation of disabled children and promote the all-round development of disabled children. With the fund, the club can organize some public activities, so that disabled children and normal children can have some social activities together, which can help disabled children better integrate into society, reduce their psychological pressure and let them feel the care of society.
I think it significant to set up the Activities for Disabled Children Club. I hope you can take my suggestion seriously.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给学校某负责人写封信，写出自己关于学校要选的社团的想法和建议，需明确说明自己的选择，并有逻辑地阐述做出该选择的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
观点：opinion→viewpoint
重要的：important→significant
帮助：help→assist
压力：pressure→stress
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I think it significant to set up the Activities for Disabled Children Club.
拓展句：I hold the belief that it is significant to set up the Activities for Disabled Children Club.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing that you are calling on students to give opinions on choosing a student association, I am so interested in it and decide to write a letter to suggest selecting the Activities for Disabled Children Club. (运用了现在分词短语Hearing…作状语、that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] In my opinion, with your fund, the Activities for Disabled Children Club can do some important things to help disabled children, such as regular medical examinations, which can improve the rehabilitation of disabled children and promote the all-round development of disabled children. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
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