卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站Unit6 五年高考练
一、阅读理解
A
（2020全国Ⅱ, C）
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion（时装）enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria（海狸鼠）.
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. "It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year," says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. "The ecosystem down there can't handle this non-native species（物种）. It's destroying the environment. It's them or us," says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it's not easy convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there's Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, "To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-I think that's going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York." Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She's trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
1. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
A. To promote guilt-free fur.
B. To expand the fashion market.
C. To introduce a new brand.
D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
2. Why are scientists concerned about nutria
A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B. Nutria are an endangered species.
C. Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.
D. Nutria are illegally hunted.
3. What does the underlined word "collapsed" in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Boomed.
B. Became mature.
C. Remained stable.
D. Crashed.
4. What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan
A. It's formal.
B. It's risky.
C. It's harmful.
D. It's traditional.
B
（2020全国I, D, ）
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15%more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further-changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they' re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about t how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow（发光）in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（电源）-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission（传输）. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
5. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. A new study of different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
6. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A. To detect plants' lack of water.
B. To change compositions of plants
C. To make the life of plants longer.
D. To test chemicals in plants.
7. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A. They will speed up energy production.
B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Can we grow more glowing plants
B. How do we live with glowing plants
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与自然，主题语境内容为人与动物。文章介绍了一些生态学家和时装爱好者试图让海狸鼠毛皮重回市场及其原因。本文旨在培养学生多角度看待问题的能力。
1.A主旨大意题。本题题干意为：新奥尔良和布鲁克林时装秀的目的是什么？根据第一段第二句（不过，一些生态学家和时装爱好者正试图让海狸鼠毛皮市场复苏），以及第二段Cree McCree所说的话（除非你了解海狸鼠每年都在破坏大片的湿地，否则毫无愧疚地谈论毛皮听起来很不理智）可推断出A项（毫无愧疚地销售毛皮）正确。B：拓展时装市场；C：介绍新的品牌；D：庆祝寒假。
2.A细节理解题。本题题干意为：为什么科学家很担心海狸鼠？根据第四段第一句可知海狸鼠是由阿根廷引进的非本地物种，再结合Michael Massimi所说的话（那里的生态系统无法处理这个非本地物种。它正在破坏环境）可知A项（海狸鼠严重破坏了生态系统）正确。B：海狸鼠是濒危物种；C：海狸鼠危害了当地体型如猫般大小的动物；D：海狸鼠被非法捕猎。
3.D词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第五段中的画线单词“collapsed”可能是什么意思？根据第五段中的but可知，上文（毛皮贸易控制了海狸鼠几十年）与下文（当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末_________，这种猫般大小的动物疯狂地繁殖）存在转折关系，可推断出市场应该是“垮掉”了。故选D。A：繁荣；B：变得成熟；C：保持稳定。
4.B推理判断题。本题题干意为：根据Morgan关于在纽约穿皮草，我们能推断出什么？根据最后一段第二句（给人们一个没有负罪感的选择，他们穿着皮草，却没有人朝他们泼油漆——我觉得那将是一件大事，至少在纽约是这样）可推断出B项（它是有危险的）正确。A：它是正式的；C：它是有害的；D：它是传统的。
B
语篇解读：本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然，主题语境内容为人与植物之间的关系。文章介绍了绿植对人类的积极影响和发光植物的节能作用并预测了其前景。本文有助于培养学生的分析、推理、判断能力以及科学创新精神。
5.D主旨大意题。本题题干意为：第一段主要讲的是什么？根据第一段第二句（最近的研究发现了积极的影响。）以及第三、四句所举的两个实例（城市中绿化越好的地区犯罪率越低：装饰有室内植物的工作场所的员工的生产力提高了15%。）可知，第一段主要讲的是绿植带来的好处。所以D项正确。A：对不同植物的一项新研究；B：犯罪率的大幅下降；C：来自不同工作场所的员工。
6.A细节理解题。本题题干意为：麻省理工学院的工程师们压印在植物叶子上的传感器有什么作用？根据第二段第二句中的“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water”可知A项（为了检测植物缺水）正确。B：为了改变植物的成分；C：为了让植物的寿命更长；D：为了探测植物中的化学物质。
7.C推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们未来对这些发光植物可以有什么期待？由文章最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.（发光植物可以缩短距离，从而有助于节约能源。）”可知，C项（它们可能有助于减少能源消耗）正确。A：它们将加速能源生产；B：它们可能把电传输到家中：D：它们可能取代发电厂。
8.C主旨大意题。本题题干意为：以下哪一个可以作为这篇文章的最佳标题？文章主要讲的是绿植给我们带来的积极影响并重点讲了发光植物的现状以及美好前景。结合文章第三段最后一句话“The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.（Strano说，这项技术有一天可以用来照亮房间.或者甚至把树木变成自供电的路灯。）”可知C项（Could glowing plants replace lamps ）契合文章的核心内容。A：我们可以种植更多的发光植物吗？B：我们如何与发光植物共同生活？D：如何让发光植物无污染？
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