卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站泸县五中高2021级高三一诊模拟考试
英语试题
第I卷 选择题（100分）
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman choose the guitar
A. It is easy to learn. B. It is cheap and portable. C. It is expensive but worthwhile.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’ve started to play the guitar.
M: Really But I heard you’ve been interested in the piano.
W: Yes. But it costs too much to buy a piano while a guitar is not only cheap but also portable.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which museum did the girl visit with her class
A. The Science Museum. B. The Nature Museum. C. The Art Museum.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I went to a really cool museum with my class yesterday.
M: Really You mean the Nature Museum
W:No，it was the Science Museum, and there was a show of robots. We were supposed to go to the Art Museum, but that got canceled so we did this instead.
M: That’s great.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A budget. B. An event. C. The boss.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’ve already spoken to the boss about the budget and she agreed to a ten-percent increase.
M: In order to make this a successful event, we should at least have an increase of twenty-five percent.
W: But I doubt if it would fly with the boss.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a car shop. B. At a garage C. At a car park.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’d like to arrange to have my car serviced.
M: Yes, of course. How would next Friday afternoon suit you
W: That’d be perfect. And could you also try to improve the starting
M: Yes, we’ll do that as a matter of course.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I really have a hard time talking to Damon. Every time I talk to him, he plays with his mobile phone.
M: Be patient, Jenny. Remember when you were young, you were always covered in mud. But your mom and I just cleaned up the mess and taught you the right thing to do next time.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What's the best language study method according to the man
A. Speaking with local people. B. Listening to news. C. Using an app.
7. What does the man value most
A. Touring the country. B. Exploring local cafes. C. Getting involved in culture.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: How’s your Spanish coming along Are you still practicing daily
M: Yeah, for an hour. It’s improved from greetings to basic conversations.
W: Great! Do you recommend any apps
M: Absolutely, there’s one named “Pedro”. And I listen to local news sometimes, but nothing beats chatting with people at the local Spanish cafe.
W: And it is handy in Spain too, right
M: Absolutely. By engaging myself in the culture, I’ll truly become a part of the local community. It’s important to have a genuine experience rather than just being a tourist.
W: That sounds amazing. I’m planning to visit Barcelona next year too. Maybe I should start learning Spanish as well.
M: Definitely!
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the man do
A. Open the window. B. Tidy the things up. C. Mop the floor.
9. How will the woman deal with the old things
A. By donating them. B. By putting them in the cabinet. C. By getting rid of them.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】W: What a mess! How long haven’t you cleaned your room
M: I can’t remember that.
W: Are you kidding me
M: Nope. I mean it.
W: Oh, dear. OK, it is time to clean up.
M: I couldn’t agree more. I will open the windows and air the room.
W: What can I do for you now
M: Can you help me tidy the things in the cabinet
W: OK. Shall I put all the old things in the box and discard(丢弃) them
M: Let me have a look. Some things aren’t useful. Do I really have to throw them away
W: Come on. Go ahead. Be off with the old, on with the new(旧的不去，新的不来).
M: You’re right.
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where is Pizza Delight
A. In the city center. B. Near the man’s house. C. By the movie theatre.
11. What is the woman’s opinion of the pizza in Pizza Delight
A. It’s fancy. B. It’s fine. C. It’s bad.
12. How soon will the speakers leave
A. In 15 minutes. B. In 30 minutes. C. In 45 minutes.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: When we’ve finished this game, do you fancy getting some pizza
W: Yeah, I think there’s one, Pizza Delight, next to the cinema on the way to the city center.
M: Oh, I’ve seen it! How’s the pizza
W: I mean, it’s pizza you know. It’s not bad but nothing fancy. They’re cheap and generous with the toppings. Not like that one near your house which is pretty bad.
M: Haha, yeah, you’re right.
W: When would you like to go
M: Well, it’s quarter to 7 now, considering we need to be at Simon’s at 9 and we’ll have to wait for them to cook it, so we need to leave soon … Half an hour, okay
W: A quarter of an hour will be about right, I think. It’ll be better to get there earlier rather than later.
M: Yeah, you’re right! If we’re early, we’ll have more time to get ready to go out after.
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the key factor in windsurfing
A. High-quality equipment. B. Personal physical condition. C. Previous sporting experience.
14. What advice does Lily give on safety
A. Use noticeable board and sail. B. Prepare life-saving equipment.
C. Tell someone how you can be identified.
15. What does Lily enjoy most about windsurfing
A. Forgetting everyday worries. B. Learning new techniques. C. Developing her muscles.
16. What might Lily do in the future
A. Give up windsurfing.
B. Act as a windsurfing coach.
C. Take part in windsurfing competitions.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Today I have with me Lily Jenkins, who will be talking to me about windsurfing. First of all, Lily, do you need to spend a lot of time practicing before you’re any good at it
W: I suppose it mostly depends on the individual fitness. Previous experience in related sports may also be a contributing factor. Interestingly, buying expensive, high-quality boards doesn’t seem to make much difference.
M: Do you have any tips about safety
W: Yes, let somebody on shore know what time you’re due back and, just in case the rescue services have to search for you, what colors your board and sail are so they know it’s you.
M: What is it about windsurfing that gives you most pleasure
W: Oh lots of things, such as becoming physically fitter, or discovering how to do things I’d never tried before. But if I had to choose one it'd be the way it lets you empty your mind of all the stress and concerns of daily life.
M: Finally, Lily, how do you see your future in windsurfing
W: Well, I’ve thought of coaching but that would mean spending a lot of time in practice pools, whereas the place I like to be is the open sea, perhaps racing other people.
M: Thank you, Lily.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What can the listeners do during the opening
A. Enter a competition. B. Meet a sportsman. C. Get a signed copy.
18. What will all competitors receive
A. Tickets for sports events. B. Sports calendars. C. Signed copies of CDs.
19. How much does the fitness test cost this month
A. 15. B. 30. C. 50.
20. What does the speaker encourage listeners to do in the end
A. To book a place via email.
B. To try out equipment at opening mornings.
C. To open an account for more offers.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: The shop will be open from 9:00 a.m. this Saturday and if you go along to the opening then you’ll have the chance to meet the national 400 meters running champion Paul King, who's coming along to open the shop, and he will be staying around until midday to chat to his fans.
There will be a whole range of special attractions on Sunday. There will be free tickets for local sporting events for the first 50 customers, and also a special competition open to all. Just answer fifteen out of the twenty sports questions correctly to win a signed copy of Paul King’s CD "Spring Tips", while the champion gets a year's free membership of the Brad caster Gym. All competitors will receive a special Sports calendar with details of all Brad caster sports events in the coming year. One of the special opening offers is a fitness test done in the shop by qualified staff. This would normally cost 30 but is available at half price for this month only. There are only a limited number of places available for this, so to make a booking phone 560341.In addition, if you open an account you get lots more special offers including the chance to try out equipment at special opening evenings ...
二、阅读理解
A
Hope Book Club A book club is a small group of persons that are reading the same book in order to share different feelings and opinions about the book. The book club meets once a month for an hour of lively discussion. All students (3+), teachers and parents are welcome! Here you can discover a new world, learn new ideas and make new friends! What you should do: ★You will read the book on your own and then discuss your reading in the book club. ★You must keep up with your reading so that you can join as a part of your group. The book club will decide what pages or chapters you will read. ★You should take down notes and thoughts as you read. ★Everyone in the book club is expected to join in the discussion. More tips: ★Keep our place clean. ★No pets and no smoking. ★Take good care of books and return them on time. ★You must ask for leave if you cannot join in the discussion. Fees: Kids from 3—7: Free; Kids from 8—18: 10 dollars a month; Adults: 15 dollars a month. If you are interested, call 487-256-656 or 487-266-545, send an email to hopebook@ or visit our website at www..
21. How much should a couple with a 6-year-old son pay for being in the club for two months
A. 30 dollars. B. 60 dollars. C. 75 dollars. D. 90 dollars
22. How many ways are mentioned here to get more information about the club
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
23. Which of the following is true according to the text
A. Books aren’t allowed to be taken out of the club.
B. Joining in the discussion is encouraged in the club.
C. You can choose your favourite books to read in the club.
D. The members in the club don’t have to finish what they need to read.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个读书俱乐部的情况，介绍了要求以及收费等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fees部分中“Kids from 3—7: Free；Adults: 15 dollars a month.(3到7岁儿童：免费；成年人：一月15美元)”可知，一对有6岁儿子的夫妇在俱乐部呆两个月要付（15+15）×2=60美元。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you are interested, call 487-256-656 or 487-266-545, send an email to hopebook@ or visit our website at www..(如果您感兴趣，请拨打487-256-656或487-266-545，发送电子邮件到hopebook@或访问我们的网站www.)”可知，提到了三种方法来获得更多关于俱乐部的信息。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据What you should do部分中“Everyone in the book club is expected to join in the discussion.(读书俱乐部的每个人都应该参加讨论)”可知，B选项“俱乐部鼓励参加讨论”正确。故选B。
B
Mount Qomolangma, meaning “Holy Mother” in Tibetan, is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. No wonder most people consider climbing to its top as one of their biggest achievements. More than 4, 000 climbers, ranging from 13 to 80 years old, have managed to reach the top. Three people from the Sherpa community hold the current record at 21 times each!
You may be surprised at these numbers but that’s just the start of it. Last year, cleanup crews collected as much as 8. 4 tons of garbage from Mount Qomolangma’s North Base Camp in Tibet at 5,150 meters. And in the regions below that level, more than 335 tons of waste was collected. What a sad fact it is that the highest mountain in the world is turning into the highest mountain of trash!
To reverse the trend, the Chinese government recently announced that it had closed the North Base Camp to tourists. From now on, ordinary tourists will only be able to travel as far as Rongbuk Monastery, about 5, 000 meters above sea level. No more than 300 climbers with special permits will be allowed to climb Qomolangma each year. They are supposed to follow stricter rules, including carrying all their waste out with them and only climbing in spring.
Despite these tough measures, it is clear that tourism has caused enormous damage to the natural environment. Mount Qomolangma is not alone. Some popular parks around the world are also struggling to preserve their environments and keep up with increased tourism. Yellowstone National Park in the U.S. has long been troubled by the overflowing trash piles. Joshua Tree National Park suffered a wave of vandalism (破坏), with graffiti sprayed on rocks and ancient trees destroyed. In order to protect the environment, the National Park Service had no choice but to close the park temporarily.
As we can see, the natural environment can be destroyed by human activities in less than five minutes, but it might take hundreds of years to recover. Now it’s time for ordinary tourists to leave “Holy Mother” alone and wait for her to restore her beauty.
24. Why are the figures listed about Qomolangma in paragraph 2
A. To describe it is extremely vast and high.
B. To show it is difficult to collect trash there.
C. To indicate it is a popular tourist attraction.
D. To illustrate it is suffering serious pollution.
25. What does the underlined word “reverse” mean in paragraph 3
A. Fit with. B. Follow up. C. Turn around. D. Speed up.
26. What is the author likely to support to protect Qomolangma
A. Developing its tourism. B. Reducing human activities.
C. Forbidding any entry in spring. D. Building more base camps.
27. Which section of a newspaper might this article come from
A. Environment. B. Society. C. Tourism. D. Education.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【分析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报告。主要讲述旅游业对自然环境造成了巨大的破坏。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“What a sad fact it is that the highest mountain in the world is turning into the highest mountain of trash!”（世界上最高的山正在变成最高的垃圾山，这是多么可悲的事实啊！）可知，文章第二段前面的数据是为了说明Qomolangma到处是垃圾，受污染严重。故选D项。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。由文章第三段“the Chinese government recently announced that it had closed the North Base Camp to tourists. From now on, ordinary tourists will only be able to travel as far as Rongbuk Monastery, about 5, 000 meters above sea level.”（中国政府最近宣布对游客关闭北方大本营。从现在起，普通游客只能前往海拔约5000米的荣布寺。）可知，中国政府现在已经意识到Qomolangma污染严重，正在采取措施扭转改变这种趋势。所以猜测reverse应该表示扭转改变之意。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“As we can see, the natural environment can be destroyed by human activities in less than five minutes, but it might take hundreds of years to recover. Now it’s time for ordinary tourists to leave “Holy Mother” alone and wait for her to restore her beauty.”（正如我们所看到的，人类活动可以在不到五分钟内破坏自然环境，但环境可能需要数百年才能恢复。现在是普通游客离开“圣母”等待她恢复美丽的时候了。）可知，作者认为我们应该远离这些自然环境，减少在这些地方的人类活动。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“Despite these tough measures, it is clear that tourism has caused enormous damage to the natural environment. Mount Qomolangma is not alone. Some popular parks around the world are also struggling to preserve their environments and keep up with increased tourism.”（尽管采取了这些严厉措施，但很明显，旅游业对自然环境造成了巨大破坏。珠穆朗玛峰并不是唯一的。世界上一些受欢迎的公园也在努力保护环境，跟上旅游业的增长。）可知，文章主要在讲人类活动对环境的影响，所以本篇文章最可能出现在报纸环境的版块。故选A项。
C
An important lesson in the moral (道德的) education of children could be as close as the book in their hands. Stories matter. And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.
Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content (内容) influences children. Many studies done before have focused on wide concept (概念), but Hahn’s study looks at how moral values might influence the kids’ values. Do children reading particular moral, characteristics take in those qualities and build their own morality The findings suggest so.
“Parents, caregivers, and teachers are often wondering how media can be used for good,” says Hahn. “How can it be used for good things How can it discourage bad habits How can it educate ” Answering those questions begins with a better understanding of how to use media. “When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children, they can deliberate what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions,” she says.
For the study Hahn and her workmates took the main character from a young adult novel. They wrote the content to reflect the study’s focus on moral values. Those stories were shared with about 200 participants (参与者) between the ages of 10 and 14. This is a favorable range for media research because it’s more difficult to introduce the understanding of stories to younger kids, while challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with basic storylines, according to Hahn.
28. What is the result of the new study
A. Stories should be spread more by media.
B. Children like reading books full of funny stories.
C. Children have learned an important lesson from stories.
D. Stories help children to develop their own moral values.
29 What does Hahn’s study focus on
A. How children deal with media content.
B. How children are exposed to modern society.
C. How media content influences children’s moral: values.
D. How children should deal with the moral values in stories.
30. What does the underlined word “deliberate” mean in paragraph 3
A. Describe. B. Improve. C. Title. D. Consider.
31. Which is the best title for the text
A. The Young Can Build Good Moral Values Easily
B. It Is Difficult for the Young to Understand Moral Values
C. Stories Play an Important Role in the Young’s Moral Values
D. Scientists Find More Ways to Help the Young Build Moral Values
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“An important lesson in the moral (道德的) education of children could be as close as the book in their hands. Stories matter. And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.(对孩子进行道德教育的重要一课就像他们手中的书一样近在咫尺。故事很重要。根据一项新的研究结果，它们可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用。)”可知，这项新研究的结果是故事帮助孩子们发展自己的道德观。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content influences children. Many studies done before have focused on wide concept, but Hahn’s study looks at how moral values might influence the kids’ values.(Lindsay Hahn是这项新研究的第一作者，该研究探索了媒体内容如何影响儿童。以前做过的许多研究都专注于广泛的概念，但Hahn的研究着眼于道德价值观如何影响孩子的价值观。)”可知，Hahn的研究重点是媒体内容如何影响儿童的道德价值观。故选C。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children(当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时)”和“what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions(主角强调了什么特殊的道德价值，主角因为这些行为而受到了怎样的对待)”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时，他们可以考虑主角强调了什么特定的道德价值，以及主角因这些行为而受到怎样的对待”，因此划线词deliberate的意思是“考虑”，和consider意思相近，故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“An important lesson in the moral (道德的) education of children could be as close as the book in their hands. Stories matter. And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.(对孩子进行道德教育的重要一课就像他们手中的书一样近在咫尺。故事很重要。根据一项新的研究结果，它们可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用。)”可知，本文主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用，因此最好的标题是C选项“Stories Play an Important Role in the Young’s Moral Values(故事在年轻人的道德价值观中扮演着重要的角色)”。故选C。
D
Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they’ve gone about trying to prove it.
“Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we’re faced with threatening experiences,” says Michael Murphy. He is a research professor in the department of psychological sciences at Texas Tech University. “This lab work has shown that hugs and other touch behavior are related to stress. The more stress we have, the more our heart rates and blood pressure go up. At this time, hugs and other forms of personal touch may give off all sorts of feel-good chemicals, so that stress can be reduced.”
“There’s a lot that we still need to learn, and there’s a lot we don’t know,” Murphy says. “However, what seems to be rising up is that hugs, as well as other forms of loving and gentle touch, are really powerful. They remind people that they’ re cared about and that they have someone in their corner.”
We expect touch. When we were born, we were placed in our mothers’ arms almost immediately. In that first year of our life, we spend a lot of time being held by other people. And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection. I think what we have lost in the past few years are these really easy opportunities to be reminded of connection.”
While he was at Carnegie Mellon, Murphy was the lead author of a hug-centered 2018 article in the scientific journal PLOS One. In a series of interviews with 404 adults over a two-week period, the researchers found that receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative emotions that occur on days with interpersonal conflicts. That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives.
32. What can we infer about hugs from the laboratory studies
A. They show people’s good social relationships.
B. They can cure us of our mental disease.
C. They can put much pressure on people.
D. They make us feel calm and at ease.
33. Why do people seek out hugs and touch as they grow up
A. To recall childhood memories.
B. To keep connected with others.
C. To solve relationship problems.
D. To express their social politeness.
34. What does the underlined word “attenuation” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Expression. B. Influence.
C. Suffering. D. Reduction.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The Power of Hugs
B. How to Reduce Stress
C. How to Care for Others
D. The Importance of Interpersonal Relations
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，科学家研究发现一个好的拥抱拥有治愈能力。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we’re faced with threatening experiences” 实验室研究表明，像拥抱这样事情能让我们感到更安全。它们还能让我们对身体疼痛不那么敏感，当我们面对威胁的经历时，反应更少。可知根据实验室的研究，拥抱使我们感到平静和自在。故选D项。
33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection.” 当我们长大了，我们寻求拥抱和触摸作为一种联系的方式。可知，人们长大的时候寻求拥抱和触摸是为了和他人保持联系。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分后一句“That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives.” 也就是说，一般来说，拥抱有助于减少个人冲突在我们日常生活中可能造成的负面影响。后一句的negative impacts对应前一句的negative emotions，所以划线部分对应单词reduce，意思为“减少”。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they’ve gone about trying to prove it.” 和我们其他人一样，科学家们长期以来一直怀疑一个好的拥抱的治愈能力。不像我们其他人，他们试图证明这一点。第一段提出科学家们一直坚信拥抱的治愈力，后文一直在说拥抱如何治愈人们，所以本文的主旨是“拥抱的力量”，故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. ____36____ Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.
To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. ____37____ In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right much more than other participants did – even when their answers were wrong.
So what is behind “jumping” Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. ____38____ It is the controlled system that helps people avoid mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions made at first blush without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
____39____ A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our guts is a frequent and important one. ____40____ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
D. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.
E. We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers.
G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. F 39. A 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助，一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
36题详解】
根据空前的“How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice.(你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节。)”可知，有些人在作出选择前会仔细考虑每个细节，空后的“Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.(心理学家称这种思维方式为认知偏差(cognitive bias)，即倾向于某种特定的心理错误。)”可知，心理学家指出这种思维方式为认知偏差，与空前提到的做选择前考虑每个细节的人不同，由此可知，此空处应提到有认知偏差的人，C选项“But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions. (但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论)”讲述的是一些很快得出结论的一部分人，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，与空前的内容为转折关系，符合逻辑，but为解题的关键信息。故选C项。
【37题详解】
根据空前的“We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. (我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多。)”可知，研究发现急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多，结合空后的“In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right much more than other participants did – even when their answers were wrong. (在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的。)”可推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且还大大高估自己答案的正确几率，由此可知，此空处应是讲述急于得出结论的人的过于自信，B选项“Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.(此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题)”中的also可知，此处继续讲述急于得出结论的人的问题，符合题意，呈上启下。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据空前的“Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts.(心理学研究人员通常将思维分为两种途径：一种是自动系统，它反映了头脑中容易、自发和不需要努力的想法；另一种是控制系统，包括有意识和努力的推理。)”可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响，但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同，F选项“The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers. (然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理。)”中的controlled reasoning与空前的“controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning”内容相关，符合题意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处，且与空前的内容为转折关系，其中的however也是解题的关键信息。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据空后的“A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. (一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。)”可知，一种叫做元认知训练可以帮助人们更慎重地思考，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，由此可知，本段讲述的内容与上文中讲述的急于得出结论的人的问题不同，讲述的是解决急于得出结论的人问题的方法，A选项“Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.(令人高兴的是，急于得出结论的人或许还有一线希望。)”讲述的内容把话题从上文讲述的急于得出结论的人的问题分析过渡到下文中讲述的解决急于得出结论的人问题的方法，符合题意。故选A项。
【40题详解】
根据空前的“In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our guts is a frequent and important one.(在日常生活中，我们是应该把事情想清楚，还是应该凭直觉做事，这是一个经常出现的重要问题。)”可知，我们在日常生活中经常考虑是把事情想清楚还是凭直觉做事情，结合空后的“Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.(有时候，我们做的最重要的决定可能是在做出选择之前多花点时间。)”可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助，由此可知，此空处应是说明我们在作出决定的时候是采取按照直觉还是深思熟虑，G选项“Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.(最近的研究表明，即使多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免犯重大错误。)”通过研究发现的结论来说明，在作出决定前，深思熟虑会让我们避免重大错误，与空前的内容衔接，且与空后的内容吻合，符合题意。故选G项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lei Feng has been a cultural symbol of generosity and altruistic (利他的) deed. And across China, many foreign volunteers have ____41____ the hearts of Chinese people with their selfless devotion to social welfare and are called “yang Lei Feng,” or foreign Lei Feng, by ____42____.
Peter Stanleigh, a Canadian, has ____43____ served various roles while leading a foreign volunteer team. Having ____44____ in Wuxi since 2001, Stanleigh is much better ____45____ by his Chinese name — Tang Lei. As the first foreign volunteer ____46____ in Wuxi, he poured the majority of his spare time and ____47____ into social welfare. “Lei Feng is a hero of volunteerism. So I have a strong desire and hope to ____48____ on to other people the spirit of volunteering. I have been ____49____ with the name ‘yang Lei Feng,’ something I _____50_____ nobly,” said Stanleigh. In addition to volunteering in the English corner every _____51_____, he and his wife also make appearances at nursing and welfare _____52_____ just like Lei Feng, who said that he was similar to a _____53_____ yet absolutely necessary “screw” inside a machine and promised to “never rust” while wholeheartedly _____54_____ the people.
Stanleigh’s accumulated _____55_____ service time registered in Wuxi has now been greater than 5, 000 hours.
“I think that a person is judged not by what he does but by what he does for _____56_____. My life is belter because someone else’s life is _____57_____,” he said.
This year marks the 60th anniversary of the _____58_____ to learn from Lei Feng by Mao Zedong. The Lei Feng spirit is _____59_____ shown in the deeds of countless foreign volunteers like Stanleigh _____60_____ China.
41. A. spread B. aided C. warmed D. cured
42. A. locals B. students C. ancestors D. experts
43. A. widely B. curiously C. immediately D. selflessly
44. A. chatted B. settled C. recovered D. wandered
45. A. known B. confused C. shut D. admired
46. A. worked B. hiked C. combined D. registered
47. A. pride B. money C. energy D. patience
48. A. depend B. pass C. work D. act
49. A. started B. honored C. coped D. agreed
50. A. form B. attend C. carry D. wear
51. A. direction B. man C. style D. week
52. A. homes B. signs C. campuses D. novels
53. A. big B. slim C. heavy D. small
54. A. loving B. impressing C. serving D. seeking
55. A. volunteer B. housework C. culture D. network
56. A. himself B. others C. another D. everyone
57. A. higher B. gladder C. louder D. better
58. A. call B. need C. speech D. order
59. A. partly B. probably C. perfectly D. fluently
60. A. about B. throughout C. aboard D. by
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. A 59. C 60. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在中国各地，许多外国志愿者以他们对社会福利的无私奉献温暖了中国人的心，被当地人称为“洋雷锋”或“外国雷锋”。文章介绍了加拿大人Peter Stanleigh在带领外国志愿者团队的过程中，无私地履行着各种职责。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国各地，许多外国志愿者以他们对社会福利的无私奉献温暖了中国人的心，被当地人称为“洋雷锋”或“外国雷锋”。A. spread扩散；B. aided帮助；C. warmed(使)温暖；D. cured治愈。根据下文“the hearts of Chinese people with their selfless devotion to social welfare”及常识可知，志愿者们对社会福利的无私奉献温暖了中国人的心。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在中国各地，许多外国志愿者以他们对社会福利的无私奉献温暖了中国人的心，被当地人称为“洋雷锋”或“外国雷锋”。A. locals当地人；B. students学生；C. ancestors祖先；D. experts专家。根据上文“are called “yang Lei Feng,” or foreign Lei Feng”可知，此处指当地人称他们为“洋雷锋”或“外国雷锋”。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：加拿大人Peter Stanleigh在带领外国志愿者团队的过程中，无私地履行了各种职责。A. widely广泛地；B. curiously好奇地；C. immediately立即；D. selflessly无私地。根据上文“And across China, many foreign volunteers have ____1____ the hearts of Chinese people with their selfless devotion to social welfare and are called “yang Lei Feng,” or foreign Lei Feng, by ____2____.”可知，此处指外国志愿者无私地履行了各种职责。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2001年定居无锡以来，Stanleigh更为人所知的是他的中文名字——唐磊。A. chatted聊天；B. settled定居；C. recovered恢复；D. wandered游荡。根据下文“in Wuxi”可知，此处指他定居无锡。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2001年定居无锡以来，史丹利更为人所知的是他的中文名字——唐磊。A. known知道；B. confused(使)困惑；C. shut关闭；D. admired钦佩。根据下文“by his Chinese name — Tang Lei”可知，更为人所知的是他的中文名字。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为在无锡注册的第一位外籍志愿者，他将大部分业余时间和精力投入到社会公益事业中。A. worked工作；B. hiked远足；C. combined组合；D. registered注册。根据下文“Stanleigh’s accumulated ____15____ service time registered in Wuxi has now been greater than 5, 000 hours.”可知，此处指在无锡注册成为第一位外籍志愿者。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为在无锡注册的第一位外籍志愿者，他将大部分业余时间和精力投入到社会公益事业中。A. pride自豪；B. money金钱；C. energy精力；D. patience耐心。根据上文“he poured the majority of his spare time”可知，此处指他将大部分业余时间和精力投入到社会公益事业中。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我有一个强烈的愿望和希望传递给其他人的志愿服务的精神。A. depend依赖；B. pass传递；C. work工作；D. act行动。根据下文“to other people the spirit of volunteering”可知，此处指传递给其他人的志愿服务的精神。固定搭配pass on“把……传给别人”。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很荣幸被授予“洋雷锋”的称号，这是我携带的一个高贵的称号。A. started启动；B. honored尊敬；C. coped应付；D. agreed同意。根据下文“with the name ‘yang Lei Feng,’”可知，这是被授予的一个称号。固定搭配be honored with“被授予”。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很荣幸被授予“洋雷锋”的称号，这是我携带的一个高贵的称号。A. form形成；B. attend参加；C. carry携带；D. wear磨损。根据上文“I have been ____9____ with the name ‘yang Lei Feng,’”可知，此处指随身携带的称号。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了每周参加英语角的志愿者活动，他和妻子还像雷锋一样出现在养老院和福利院，雷锋说他就像机器里一个必不可少的小“螺丝钉”，承诺全心全意为人民服务的同时“永不生锈”。A. direction方向；B. man人；C. style风格；D. week周。根据上文“In addition to volunteering in the English corner”及选项分析可知，此处指每周都参加英语角的志愿者活动。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了每周参加英语角的志愿者活动，他和妻子还像雷锋一样出现在养老院和福利院，雷锋说他就像机器里一个必不可少的小“螺丝钉”，承诺全心全意为人民服务的同时“永不生锈”。A. homes养育院；B. signs标志；C. campuses校园；D. novels小说。根据上文“nursing and welfare”可知，此处指养老院和福利院。专有名词welfare home“福利院”。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了每周参加英语角的志愿者活动，他和妻子还像雷锋一样出现在养老院和福利院，雷锋说他就像机器里一个必不可少的小“螺丝钉”，承诺全心全意为人民服务的同时“永不生锈”。A. big大的；B. slim苗条的；C. heavy重的；D. small小的。根据下文““screw” inside a machine”及常识可知，此处指螺丝钉是小的。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了每周参加英语角的志愿者活动，他和妻子还像雷锋一样出现在养老院和福利院，雷锋说他就像机器里一个必不可少的小“螺丝钉”，承诺全心全意为人民服务的同时“永不生锈”。A. loving爱；B. impressing令人印象深刻；C. serving服务；D. seeking寻找。根据上文“Peter Stanleigh, a Canadian, has ____3____ served various roles while leading a foreign volunteer team.”可知，Peter Stanleigh是一名志愿者，此处指为人民服务。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前，Stanleigh在无锡注册的志愿服务时间累计已超过5000小时。A. volunteer志愿者；B. housework家务劳动；C. culture文化；D. network网络。根据上文“As the first foreign volunteer ____6____ in Wuxi, he poured the majority of his spare time and ____7____ into social welfare.”可知，此处指Stanleigh做的志愿服务时间累计已超过5000小时。故选A。
【56题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：我认为评判一个人不是看他做了什么，而是看他为别人做了什么。A. himself他自己；B. others别人；C. another另一个；D. everyone每个人。根据上文““I think that a person is judged not by what he does but by what he does for”可知，此处指Stanleigh认为评判一个人应该看他为别人做了什么。故选B。
【57题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我认为评判一个人不是看他做了什么，而是看他为别人做了什么。我的生活因为别人的生活更好而更好，”他说。A. higher更高的；B. gladder更高兴的；C. louder声音更大的；D. better更好的。根据上文“I think that a person is judged not by what he does but by what he does for ____16____.”可知，此处指他的生活因为别人的生活更好而更好。故选D。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年是毛泽东号召学习雷锋60周年。A. call号召；B. need需求；C. speech演讲；D. order命令。根据下文“to learn from Lei Feng by Mao Zedong.”可知，此处指毛主席发出的学习号召。故选A。
【59题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：雷锋精神在中国各地无数像Stanleigh这样的外国志愿者的事迹中得到了完美的体现。A. partly部分地；B. probably可能地；C. perfectly完美地；D. fluently流利地。根据上文“In addition to volunteering in the English corner every ____11____, he and his wife also make appearances at nursing and welfare ____12____ just like Lei Feng, who said that he was similar to a ____13____ yet absolutely necessary “screw” inside a machine and promised to “never rust” while wholeheartedly ____14____ the people.”可知，无数像Stanleigh这样的外国志愿者全心全意地为人民服务，完美体现了雷锋精神。故选C。
【60题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：雷锋精神在中国各地无数像Stanleigh这样的外国志愿者的事迹中得到了完美的体现。A. about关于；B. throughout遍及；C. aboard在（船、飞机、火车等）上；D. by通过。根据上文“And across China, many foreign volunteers have ____1____ the hearts of Chinese people with their selfless devotion to social welfare and are called “yang Lei Feng,” or foreign Lei Feng, by ____2____.”可知，此处指在中国各地无数像Stanleigh这样的外国志愿者的事迹中完美体现了雷锋精神。故选B。
第II卷 非选择题（50分）
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Running for more than 20,000 kilometers, the Great Wall is a historical landmark of unparalleled glory, but climbing ____61____ is hard work. Not everyone has the strength or ____62____ (determine)to climb its tall steps and steep slopes (斜坡), while only a handful may have the special skills to ____63____ (physical) participate in the restoration of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.
However, a recently ____64____(launch) WeChat miniprogram is allowing every history enthusiast to be a hero in a virtual world, ____65____ one not just climbs the Great Wall, but also protects it. Great Wall E-tour, co-produced by the China Foundation for Cultural Heritage Conservation and internet giant Tencent, among others, ____66____ (go) online on June 11 to mark the annual ____67____ (nation) Cultural and Natural Heritage Day. Offering an almost simulated (模拟的) experience of climbing the Wall and helping in preservation work, the program has created a lot of enthusiastic ____68____ (response) in recent weeks and won a large fan base.
Thanks ____69____cutting-edge digital technology, the virtual model is “detailed to millimeters”. Around 50,000 high-definition pictures have been used ____70____(offer) users the remarkable experience.
【答案】61. it 62. determination
63. physically
64. launched
65. where 66. went
67. national
68. responses 69. to
70. to offer
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。由中国文化遗产保护基金会和互联网巨头腾讯等公司联合制作的长城e游于6月11日上线，以纪念一年一度的全国文化和自然遗产日，该程序为用户提供了近乎模拟的攀爬长城和帮助保护工作的体验，近几周来赢得了大量粉丝的热烈反响。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：绵延2万多公里，长城是一个具有无比荣耀的历史地标，但攀登它是一项艰苦的工作。代指前文中提到的“the Great Wall”应用代词it。故填it。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：不是每个人都有力量或决心爬上它的高高的台阶和陡峭的斜坡，只有少数人可能有特殊的技能，亲身参与到这个联合国教科文组织世界遗产的修复中来。根据strength可知，此处应用不可数名词determination表示“决心”作宾语。故填determination。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：不是每个人都有力量或决心爬上它的高高的台阶和陡峭的斜坡，只有少数人可能有特殊的技能，亲身参与到这个联合国教科文组织世界遗产的修复中来。修饰动词participate应用副词physically作状语。故填physically。
【64题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：然而，最近推出的微信小程序可以让每一个历史爱好者在虚拟世界中成为英雄，在那里，你不仅可以爬上长城，还可以保护它。动词launch意为“发起”，和系动词之间没有连词，和主语WeChat miniprogram构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作定语。故填launched。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而，最近推出的微信小程序可以让每一个历史爱好者在虚拟世界中成为英雄，在那里，你不仅可以爬上长城，还可以保护它。在非限制性定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为a virtual world，所以应用关系副词where，在句中作地点状语。故填where。
【66题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：由中国文化遗产保护基金会和互联网巨头腾讯等公司联合制作的长城e游于6月11日上线，以纪念一年一度的全国文化和自然遗产日。根据“on June 11”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填went。
【67题详解】
考查形容词。句意：由中国文化遗产保护基金会和互联网巨头腾讯等公司联合制作的长城e游于6月11日上线，以纪念一年一度的全国文化和自然遗产日。修饰专有名词 Cultural and Natural Heritage Day应用形容词national表示“全国的”作定语。故填national。
【68题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：该程序提供了近乎模拟的攀爬长城和帮助保护工作的体验，近几周来赢得了大量粉丝的热烈反响。名词response意为“反应，响应”，为可数名词，在a lot of后应用复数形式。故填responses。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于先进的数字技术，虚拟模型“精确到了毫米”。thanks to意为“由于”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故填to。
【70题详解】
考查不定式。句意：大约5万张高清图片为用户提供了非凡的体验。根据“users the remarkable experience”可知，此处是指使用高清图片是为了为用户提供非凡体验，所以此处应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to offer。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修 改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下而写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As is known to all, the Great Wall is one of the best-known tourist attraction around the globe. Almost everybody wants to pay a visit, but I am no exception. This summer vacation, the day I looked forward to coming at last. I got up and set off on the early morning, my brother Tim keeping me a company. After two hour's bus ride, we arrived at which looked like a large market. Seen millions of people talking, pushing and photographing, I immediate lost my enthusiasm. Indeed, the Great Wall is really something must be experienced with a little care.
【答案】第一句：attraction → attractions
第二句：but→and
第三句：coming→came
第四句：on→in; 删掉a
第五句: hour's → hours'; which → what
第六句：Seen → Seeing; immediate → immediately
第七句：something后加that
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览长城的经历。
【详解】第一处：考查固定用法。one of + 可数名词复数，该用法是固定用法，表示“……之一”，所以attraction 改成 attractions。
第二处：考查连词。句意：几乎每个人都想去参观，我也不例外。“几乎每个人都想去参观”和“我也不例外”之间是并列关系，用表示并列意义的连词and连接前后两个分句，所以but改成and。
第三处：考查时态。分析句子结构，I looked forward to是一个省略了that的定语从句，修饰前面的先行词the day，主句的谓语动词是“come”，根据时间状语This summer vacation，以及下文的时态，可知这是在描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以coming改成came。
第四处：考查介词。表示“在早晨”，应该说in the morning，所以on改成in。
第五处：考查固定搭配。keep sb company“ 陪伴某人”，这是一个固定搭配，所以删掉a。
第六处：考查名词所有格。句意：经过两个小时的车程，我们到达了一个看起来像大市场的地方。hour前有数词two修饰，用名词复数，表示“两个小时的”，应该是two hours'，所以hour's 改成 hours'。
第七处：考查宾语从句。这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“一个地方”，所以which 改成 what。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，“看到”与其逻辑主语“我”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作时间状语，所以Seen 改成 Seeing。
第九处：考查副词。修饰动词lost，用副词，所以immediate 改成 immediately。
第十处：考查定语从句。这里含有一个定语从句，修饰先行词something，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，当先行词是something等不定代词时，只能用that引导该从句，且关系词不能省略，所以something后加that。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 近年来，地球上的自然灾害越来越频发。假设你校英文报正在征集环保主题征文，请你写一封倡议书进行投稿，呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。
内容要点应包括:
1.列举自然灾害实例;
2.提出一些必要的防范措施;
3.号召大家采取行动保护地球。
注意: 词数100左右;开头已给出，不计入总词数
As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently, such as the earthquake that shook Tangshan on 28 July 1976 and the tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia on 27 December 2004. Therefore, as an individual, what should we do when a natural disaster happens Take the earthquake for example. Relevant measures are as follows.
First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape to the open air when we could. Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out. Last but not least, it is necessary for us to learn related knowledge about all kinds of natural disasters.
Because some natural disasters are caused by human activities, it is high time that we human did some things to change. Let’s change words into action!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封倡议书呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。
【详解】1.词汇积累
导致：cause→lead to
因此：therefore→hence
此外：furthermore→what’s more
各种各样的：all kinds of→varieties of
2.句式拓展
状语从句变强调句
原句：First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape when we could.
强调句：First of all, it is the emergency exit of the building that we should know in case we can escape when we could.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out. (运用了虚拟语气，主语从句和条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】Because some of the natural disasters are caused by human activity and the earth is in bad condition, it is high time that we human did some things to change. (运用了原因状语从句和虚拟语气)泸县五中高2021级高三一诊模拟考试
英语试题
第I卷 选择题（100分）
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman choose the guitar
A. It is easy to learn. B. It is cheap and portable. C. It is expensive but worthwhile.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which museum did the girl visit with her class
A. The Science Museum. B. The Nature Museum. C. The Art Museum.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A budget. B. An event. C. The boss.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a car shop. B. At a garage C. At a car park.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What's the best language study method according to the man
A. Speaking with local people. B. Listening to news. C. Using an app.
7. What does the man value most
A. Touring the country. B. Exploring local cafes. C. Getting involved in culture.
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the man do
A. Open the window. B. Tidy the things up. C. Mop the floor.
9. How will the woman deal with the old things
A. By donating them. B. By putting them in the cabinet. C. By getting rid of them.
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where is Pizza Delight
A. In the city center. B. Near the man’s house. C. By the movie theatre.
11 What is the woman’s opinion of the pizza in Pizza Delight
A. It’s fancy. B. It’s fine. C. It’s bad.
12. How soon will the speakers leave
A. In 15 minutes. B. In 30 minutes. C. In 45 minutes.
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the key factor in windsurfing
A. High-quality equipment. B. Personal physical condition. C. Previous sporting experience.
14. What advice does Lily give on safety
A. Use noticeable board and sail. B. Prepare life-saving equipment.
C. Tell someone how you can be identified.
15. What does Lily enjoy most about windsurfing
A. Forgetting everyday worries. B. Learning new techniques. C. Developing her muscles.
16. What might Lily do in the future
A Give up windsurfing.
B. Act as a windsurfing coach.
C. Take part in windsurfing competitions.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What can the listeners do during the opening
A. Enter a competition. B. Meet a sportsman. C. Get a signed copy.
18. What will all competitors receive
A. Tickets for sports events. B. Sports calendars. C. Signed copies of CDs.
19. How much does the fitness test cost this month
A. 15. B. 30. C. 50.
20. What does the speaker encourage listeners to do in the end
A. To book a place via email.
B. To try out equipment at opening mornings.
C. To open an account for more offers.
二、阅读理解
A
Hope Book Club A book club is a small group of persons that are reading the same book in order to share different feelings and opinions about the book. The book club meets once a month for an hour of lively discussion. All students (3+), teachers and parents are welcome! Here you can discover a new world, learn new ideas and make new friends! What you should do: ★You will read the book on your own and then discuss your reading in the book club. ★You must keep up with your reading so that you can join as a part of your group. The book club will decide what pages or chapters you will read. ★You should take down notes and thoughts as you read. ★Everyone in the book club is expected to join in the discussion. More tips: ★Keep our place clean. ★No pets and no smoking. ★Take good care of books and return them on time. ★You must ask for leave if you cannot join in the discussion. Fees: Kids from 3—7: Free; Kids from 8—18: 10 dollars a month; Adults: 15 dollars a month. If you are interested, call 487-256-656 or 487-266-545, send an email to hopebook@ or visit our website at www..
21. How much should a couple with a 6-year-old son pay for being in the club for two months
A. 30 dollars. B. 60 dollars. C. 75 dollars. D. 90 dollars
22. How many ways are mentioned here to get more information about the club
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
23. Which of the following is true according to the text
A. Books aren’t allowed to be taken out of the club.
B. Joining in the discussion is encouraged in the club.
C. You can choose your favourite books to read in the club.
D. The members in the club don’t have to finish what they need to read.
B
Mount Qomolangma, meaning “Holy Mother” in Tibetan, is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. No wonder most people consider climbing to its top as one of their biggest achievements. More than 4, 000 climbers, ranging from 13 to 80 years old, have managed to reach the top. Three people from the Sherpa community hold the current record at 21 times each!
You may be surprised at these numbers but that’s just the start of it. Last year, cleanup crews collected as much as 8. 4 tons of garbage from Mount Qomolangma’s North Base Camp in Tibet at 5,150 meters. And in the regions below that level, more than 335 tons of waste was collected. What a sad fact it is that the highest mountain in the world is turning into the highest mountain of trash!
To reverse the trend, the Chinese government recently announced that it had closed the North Base Camp to tourists. From now on, ordinary tourists will only be able to travel as far as Rongbuk Monastery, about 5, 000 meters above sea level. No more than 300 climbers with special permits will be allowed to climb Qomolangma each year. They are supposed to follow stricter rules, including carrying all their waste out with them and only climbing in spring.
Despite these tough measures, it is clear that tourism has caused enormous damage to the natural environment. Mount Qomolangma is not alone. Some popular parks around the world are also struggling to preserve their environments and keep up with increased tourism. Yellowstone National Park in the U.S. has long been troubled by the overflowing trash piles. Joshua Tree National Park suffered a wave of vandalism (破坏), with graffiti sprayed on rocks and ancient trees destroyed. In order to protect the environment, the National Park Service had no choice but to close the park temporarily.
As we can see, the natural environment can be destroyed by human activities in less than five minutes, but it might take hundreds of years to recover. Now it’s time for ordinary tourists to leave “Holy Mother” alone and wait for her to restore her beauty.
24. Why are the figures listed about Qomolangma in paragraph 2
A. To describe it is extremely vast and high.
B. To show it is difficult to collect trash there.
C. To indicate it is a popular tourist attraction.
D. To illustrate it is suffering serious pollution.
25. What does the underlined word “reverse” mean in paragraph 3
A. Fit with. B. Follow up. C. Turn around. D. Speed up.
26. What is the author likely to support to protect Qomolangma
A. Developing its tourism. B. Reducing human activities.
C. Forbidding any entry in spring. D. Building more base camps.
27. Which section of a newspaper might this article come from
A. Environment. B. Society. C. Tourism. D. Education.
C
An important lesson in the moral (道德的) education of children could be as close as the book in their hands. Stories matter. And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.
Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content (内容) influences children. Many studies done before have focused on wide concept (概念), but Hahn’s study looks at how moral values might influence the kids’ values. Do children reading particular moral, characteristics take in those qualities and build their own morality The findings suggest so.
“Parents, caregivers, and teachers are often wondering how media can be used for good,” says Hahn. “How can it be used for good things How can it discourage bad habits How can it educate ” Answering those questions begins with a better understanding of how to use media. “When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children, they can deliberate what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions,” she says.
For the study, Hahn and her workmates took the main character from a young adult novel. They wrote the content to reflect the study’s focus on moral values. Those stories were shared with about 200 participants (参与者) between the ages of 10 and 14. This is a favorable range for media research because it’s more difficult to introduce the understanding of stories to younger kids, while challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with basic storylines, according to Hahn.
28. What is the result of the new study
A. Stories should be spread more by media.
B. Children like reading books full of funny stories.
C. Children have learned an important lesson from stories.
D. Stories help children to develop their own moral values.
29. What does Hahn’s study focus on
A. How children deal with media content.
B. How children are exposed to modern society.
C. How media content influences children’s moral: values.
D. How children should deal with the moral values in stories.
30. What does the underlined word “deliberate” mean in paragraph 3
A. Describe. B. Improve. C. Title. D. Consider.
31. Which is the best title for the text
A. The Young Can Build Good Moral Values Easily
B. It Is Difficult for the Young to Understand Moral Values
C. Stories Play an Important Role in the Young’s Moral Values
D. Scientists Find More Ways to Help the Young Build Moral Values
D
Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they’ve gone about trying to prove it.
“Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we’re faced with threatening experiences,” says Michael Murphy. He is a research professor in the department of psychological sciences at Texas Tech University. “This lab work has shown that hugs and other touch behavior are related to stress. The more stress we have, the more our heart rates and blood pressure go up. At this time, hugs and other forms of personal touch may give off all sorts of feel-good chemicals, so that stress can be reduced.”
“There’s a lot that we still need to learn, and there’s a lot we don’t know,” Murphy says. “However, what seems to be rising up is that hugs, as well as other forms of loving and gentle touch, are really powerful. They remind people that they’ re cared about and that they have someone in their corner.”
We expect touch. When we were born, we were placed in our mothers’ arms almost immediately. In that first year of our life, we spend a lot of time being held by other people. And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection. I think what we have lost in the past few years are these really easy opportunities to be reminded of connection.”
While he was at Carnegie Mellon, Murphy was the lead author of a hug-centered 2018 article in the scientific journal PLOS One. In a series of interviews with 404 adults over a two-week period, the researchers found that receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative emotions that occur on days with interpersonal conflicts. That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives.
32. What can we infer about hugs from the laboratory studies
A. They show people’s good social relationships.
B. They can cure us of our mental disease.
C. They can put much pressure on people.
D. They make us feel calm and at ease.
33. Why do people seek out hugs and touch as they grow up
A. To recall childhood memories.
B. To keep connected with others.
C. To solve relationship problems.
D. To express their social politeness.
34. What does the underlined word “attenuation” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Expression. B. Influence.
C. Suffering. D. Reduction.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The Power of Hugs
B. How to Reduce Stress
C. How to Care for Others
D. The Importance of Interpersonal Relations
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. ____36____ Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.
To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. ____37____ In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right much more than other participants did – even when their answers were wrong.
So what is behind “jumping” Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. ____38____ It is the controlled system that helps people avoid mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions made at first blush without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
____39____ A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our guts is a frequent and important one. ____40____ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
D. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.
E. We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers.
G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lei Feng has been a cultural symbol of generosity and altruistic (利他的) deed. And across China, many foreign volunteers have ____41____ the hearts of Chinese people with their selfless devotion to social welfare and are called “yang Lei Feng,” or foreign Lei Feng, by ____42____.
Peter Stanleigh, a Canadian, has ____43____ served various roles while leading a foreign volunteer team. Having ____44____ in Wuxi since 2001, Stanleigh is much better ____45____ by his Chinese name — Tang Lei. As the first foreign volunteer ____46____ in Wuxi, he poured the majority of his spare time and ____47____ into social welfare. “Lei Feng is a hero of volunteerism. So I have a strong desire and hope to ____48____ on to other people the spirit of volunteering. I have been ____49____ with the name ‘yang Lei Feng,’ something I _____50_____ nobly,” said Stanleigh. In addition to volunteering in the English corner every _____51_____, he and his wife also make appearances at nursing and welfare _____52_____ just like Lei Feng, who said that he was similar to a _____53_____ yet absolutely necessary “screw” inside a machine and promised to “never rust” while wholeheartedly _____54_____ the people.
Stanleigh’s accumulated _____55_____ service time registered in Wuxi has now been greater than 5, 000 hours.
“I think that a person is judged not by what he does but by what he does for _____56_____. My life is belter because someone else’s life is _____57_____” he said.
This year marks the 60th anniversary of the _____58_____ to learn from Lei Feng by Mao Zedong. The Lei Feng spirit is _____59_____ shown in the deeds of countless foreign volunteers like Stanleigh _____60_____ China.
41. A. spread B. aided C. warmed D. cured
42. A. locals B. students C. ancestors D. experts
43. A. widely B. curiously C. immediately D. selflessly
44. A. chatted B. settled C. recovered D. wandered
45. A. known B. confused C. shut D. admired
46. A. worked B. hiked C. combined D. registered
47. A. pride B. money C. energy D. patience
48. A. depend B. pass C. work D. act
49. A. started B. honored C. coped D. agreed
50. A. form B. attend C. carry D. wear
51. A. direction B. man C. style D. week
52. A. homes B. signs C. campuses D. novels
53. A. big B. slim C. heavy D. small
54. A. loving B. impressing C. serving D. seeking
55. A. volunteer B. housework C. culture D. network
56. A. himself B. others C. another D. everyone
57. A. higher B. gladder C. louder D. better
58. A. call B. need C. speech D. order
59. A. partly B. probably C. perfectly D. fluently
60. A. about B. throughout C. aboard D. by
第II卷 非选择题（50分）
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Running for more than 20,000 kilometers, the Great Wall is a historical landmark of unparalleled glory, but climbing ____61____ is hard work. Not everyone has the strength or ____62____ (determine)to climb its tall steps and steep slopes (斜坡), while only a handful may have the special skills to ____63____ (physical) participate in the restoration of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.
However, a recently ____64____(launch) WeChat miniprogram is allowing every history enthusiast to be a hero in a virtual world, ____65____ one not just climbs the Great Wall, but also protects it. Great Wall E-tour, co-produced by the China Foundation for Cultural Heritage Conservation and internet giant Tencent, among others, ____66____ (go) online on June 11 to mark the annual ____67____ (nation) Cultural and Natural Heritage Day. Offering an almost simulated (模拟的) experience of climbing the Wall and helping in preservation work, the program has created a lot of enthusiastic ____68____ (response) in recent weeks and won a large fan base.
Thanks ____69____cutting-edge digital technology, the virtual model is “detailed to millimeters”. Around 50,000 high-definition pictures have been used ____70____(offer) users the remarkable experience.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修 改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下而写出该加的词。
删除：把多余词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As is known to all, the Great Wall is one of the best-known tourist attraction around the globe. Almost everybody wants to pay a visit, but I am no exception. This summer vacation, the day I looked forward to coming at last. I got up and set off on the early morning, my brother Tim keeping me a company. After two hour's bus ride, we arrived at which looked like a large market. Seen millions of people talking, pushing and photographing, I immediate lost my enthusiasm. Indeed, the Great Wall is really something must be experienced with a little care.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 近年来，地球上的自然灾害越来越频发。假设你校英文报正在征集环保主题征文，请你写一封倡议书进行投稿，呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。
内容要点应包括:
1.列举自然灾害实例;
2.提出一些必要的防范措施;
3.号召大家采取行动保护地球。
注意: 词数100左右;开头已给出，不计入总词数
As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
转载请注明出处卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站 » 2023-2024四川省泸县重点中学高三一模英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版）