2023年中考英语专项训练阅读理解二（含答案）

2023初中英语中考必备 阅读理解专项训练二
1（263词）
阅读指导：本文考题主要是细节理解，在细读文章前三行后基本理解文章大意，然后快速浏览问题，比较选项，但这问题细读并圈划重点，敲定答案。
【难句点拨】1.Well, you can’t have anything to eat at all if you don’t eat any meat or fish.嗯，如果你不吃肉和鱼，你就不能吃任何一点儿东西。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，not…at all一点儿也不。
2. But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. 但是我认为他做自己认为正确的事情是勇敢的。本句含有that（省略）引导的宾语从句，to do…做原因状语。Be +adj to do sth
Philip is a school boy. On his twelfth birthday, he decided to give up eating meat. “I don’t think it’s right to eat animals,” he said. “They live on the Earth just like us and they are our friends.” Philip’s parents were not happy about that. （）“You are a growing boy,” his mother said. “You need meat. Do you want to stay short and be weak ” His mother put some beef, rice and carrots in front of him. “I want you to eat all your food now,” she said. “Don’t leave anything.” Philip didn’t want to make his mother sad. But he ate only the rice and the carrots.
“You’re a silly boy!” said his father. “I’m getting very angry at you.”
“I’m sorry, Mum and Dad,” answered Philip. “I don’t want you to be sad or angry. But I really don’t want to eat any meat.”
“Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother.
“Oh no, I can’t!” cried Philip. “Fish are living things too.”
“Well, you can’t have anything to eat at all if you don’t eat any meat or fish,” said his father.
The next morning Philip got up hungry. His father walked to the school with him and asked to see the teacher. “Is this what you teach the students at school ” he asked the teacher. “Philip refuses to eat meat at home. He doesn’t listen to what I say.”
“I don’t agree with Philip,” replied the teacher. “But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”
1. Philip decided to give up eating meat on his __________ birthday.（when，细节）
A. fifth B. eighth C. eleventh D. twelfth
2. Philip’s mother thought that Philip would ___________ if he didn’t eat any meat.（细节）
A. stay short B. feel happy C. get hungry D. keep healthy
3. What did Philip’s mother ask him to eat when he refused to eat meat （细节）
A. Some hamburgers. B. Some fish. C. Some pears. D. Some ice-cream.
4. Philip’s father went to the school with Philip because ____________.（why细节）
A. he was a teacher there B. Philip got up very late
C. he wanted to see the teacher D. Philip had a new teacher
5. Philip’s teacher teach students _____________.（what 细节）
A. to go to school on foot B. to give up eating animals
C. to listen to their parents D. to do what they think is right
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个12岁的小男孩，认为动物是人类的朋友，他决定不再吃肉，即使鱼肉他也不吃，父母为此很生气，父亲以为是老师这样教育的孩子，就去学校与老师理论，但老师否定了不让孩子吃肉的说法。
1. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：菲利普决定放弃吃肉在他__________生日。Fifth第五；eighth第八；eleventh第十一；twelfth第十二。根据第一段On his twelfth birthday, he decided to give up eating meat.可知选D。
2. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：菲利普的妈妈认为他会感到________ 如果他不吃肉。stay short个子矮；feel happy感到高兴；get hungry饥饿；keep healthy保持健康。根据第一段…his mother said. “You need meat. Do you want to stay short and be weak ”可知他妈妈认为不吃肉个子矮。故选A。
3. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：菲利普拒绝吃肉时，他的母亲让他吃什么？A.一些汉堡包；B.一些鱼；C.一些梨；D.一些冰淇淋。根据第四段“Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother.可知他妈妈让他吃鱼。故选B。
4. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：菲利普的父亲与菲利普去学校因为____________。A.他是那里的一位老师；B.菲利普起床很晚；C.他想看看老师D.菲利普有一个新老师。根据倒数第二段His father walked to the school with him and asked to see the teacher.可知选C。
5. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：菲利普的老师教育学生_____________。A. 步行去学校；B.放弃吃动物；C.要听父母的话；D.做他们认为正确的事情。根据最后一句“But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”可知选D。
2（380词）
【难句点拨】Reading is a process in which we need to compare and connect other things we have read and seen in the past. 读书是我们需要把以前读过或看到事物相比较和联系的一个过程。句中含有which引导定语从句，先行词是process；we have read and seen in the past也是一个定语从句，先行词是things。
it’s worth remembering that any online game was first written in words as a story by its writer.
值得记住的是任何游戏首先是作者以文字形式写成故事。
Be worth doing 值得做某事
When I was a boy my mum used to say I would read the back of a medicine bottle if I didn’t have a book in my hand. It was true, and even now that reading habit has been with me. I always have at least one book being read, sometimes I might have two or three. And I’m talking about real books, books made out of paper, books that you can hold in your hand, to read, at the table, on the subway or my favorite place to read—in the bath.
But the number of people reading books is dropping. A recent survey tells us that Chinese people only read 4.77 printed books a year on average(平均) and in the US, 25 percent of the population say they didn’t read a book last year! So what’s stopping people from reading
The answer of course is the huge influence that technology has had on our life. Why read a book when you can watch a movie or TV play on your smart phones or iPads For younger people, books may not be as exciting as online games. With stories you have to work at it, closely follow the turns of the plot(情节). There are no shortcuts with a book. You have to turn page after page.
But you can still get lost in a book. We all have this thing called imagination. It’s much more powerful than any computer; in fact, it’s worth remembering that any online game was first written in words as a story by its writer. It’s all about his or her or their imagination.
So we need to read—if we do not read, it will be hard for us to improve our ability to think widely, to have an imagination. Reading is a process in which we need to compare and connect other things we have read and seen in the past. If you do not read, this will not only influence your study, but also your social life in the future.
So why not follow me from now on Run a hot bath, or find a comfortable chair and read a good book for a few hours—there are quite many, for free, in your local library.（写作意图）
6. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 1 （主旨大意）
A. The writer used to enjoy playing with a medicine bottle.
B. The writer has had the reading habit since his childhood.
C. The writer always has two or three books in his hand.
D. The writer often reads books at a table on the subway.
7 The number of people reading books is dropping because _______________.（why细节）
A. books are becoming less interesting B. technology has greatly influenced our life
C. 25% of Americans don’t read books D. there aren’t enough printed books to read
8. What does the word “shortcuts” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean in Chinese （猜测词义）
A. 捷径 B. 理念 C. 缺点 D. 短文
9. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true （细节判断）
A. Reading can help to develop our imagination.
B. All online games were first written in words.
C. We need to think a lot while reading a book.
D. Younger people prefer books to online games.
10. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly suggests that we should ________.（作者的写作意图）
A. run a hot bath to read books B. borrow books from the library
C. read more books in our life D. read books in a comfortable chair
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于科技的发展，读书的人越来越少。虽然读书有它自身的缺点，可是读书还是有很多好处的：读书可以给我们无限的想象，帮助我们更有广度的思维。所以我们要坚持读书。
本文第一段并没有直接点名主题，只是讲述自己有良好的读书习惯，不过由此我们也可以推测作者由己及人来劝导我们读书，特别是青少年，文章最后一段进一步表明作者写作意图。
6. B 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：第一段的主要意思是什么？A作者过去喜欢玩小药瓶；B作者从孩童时期就有阅读的习惯；C作者手里总是有两三本书；D作者经常在地铁的桌子上看书。根据第一段的内容可知，主要说了作者小时候妈妈帮他养成了爱读书的好习惯，并且这一习惯一直旁随着他。故选B。
7. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：读书的人数在下降是因为________. A 书变得没有趣味了；B科技非常大地影响我们的生活；C 25%的美国人不读书；D没有足够的印刷书可以读。根据第二段的最后一句So what’s stopping people from reading （那么是什么阻止人们读书呢？）及第三段的第一句The answer of course is the huge influence that technology has had on our life.（当然答案是科技对我们生活的巨大影响。）可知，如读书的人在不断减少是因为科技对我们生活的影响。故选B。
8. A【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段中shortcuts汉语意思可能是什么？根据第三段最后一句You have to turn page after page.（你必须一页一页地翻。）可知，读书没有捷径可走。故选A。根据上下文提供的线索来猜测词义。
9. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，下列哪个是不正确的？A 读书可以培养我们的想象力；B所有的在线游戏都先写成文字；C在读书的过程中我们需要思考很多；D与在线游戏相比年轻人更爱读书。根据第三段中的第三句For younger people, books may not be as exciting as online games.（对于年轻人来说，书可能没有在线游戏有趣。）可知，年轻人更喜欢在线游戏而不是读书，所以D项表述错误。
10. C【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：在最后一段中，作者主要建议我们应该______.A泡热水澡时看书；B从图书馆借书；C在我们的生活中多读书；D在一张舒适的椅子上看书。根据最后一段的叙述可知，作者建议我们多读书：泡热水澡时或者坐在一张舒服的椅子上看一本好书。故选C。
3 （414词）
Do you like eating chocolate The answer is probably “Yes”. Children and adults both love its smooth, sweet taste. But how much do you know about chocolate September 13th is International Chocolate Day. It’s a great chance for us to learn more about this special food.
Chocolate comes from an ancient civilization (文明) called the Maya. The Mayan people had a special food called cocoa. The word cocoa means “gift from God”. Five hundred years ago, the Europeans found the Mayans and used cocoa to make chocolate.
All this changed when European companies started to produce chocolate bars(棒) in the 19th century. Chocolate bars took off in popularity. They also took off in space: Russian and American astronauts took them into space in the 1960s. For centuries, chocolate was eaten only by the rich. Now it’s very common and there is even a chocolate museum in Cologne, Germany. Here you can find everything about chocolate. You can first take a walk in a cocoa tree forest. Then, go to the workshop nearby. Workers there make cocoa beans into delicious chocolate. The chocolate makes a 3-meter-high chocolate fountain. You can taste it!
Chocolate comes in all shapes, sizes and colors. The biggest chocolate bar ever was made in Italy in 2011 and weighed almost 6 tons! That’s as big as an elephant. People often eat chocolate at Easter, or during other festivals like Valentine’s Day, Halloween and Christmas.
Many people say chocolate is bad for health and skin. Not necessarily so! Scientists now say it is good for health in some ways, and can even help people lose weight. Acne(粉刺) and chocolate have no direct connection, according to the World Cocoa Foundation. Healthy food and habits lead to healthy skin.
Be careful not to eat too much chocolate—it’s rather high in sugar and fat. The country that eats the most chocolate per person each year is Switzerland. They eat 19 pounds (9 kilos) per person on average! People in the US eat the most chocolate in total. They get through half of the world’s chocolate.
Chocolate is also used in movies. Sometimes people use chocolate to make “blood” and dirt in the movie. In the 1994 movie The Shawshank Redemption, the main character needs to crawl (爬行) through a sewer pipe(下水道). The pipe is full of smelly waste which is actually made from sweet chocolate syrup. Isn’t it interesting
11. Who first made cocoa into chocolate （细节）
A. The Mayans. B. The Europeans. C. The Chinese. D. The Americans.
12. From Paragraph 3, we can learn that _____________.（细节）
A. chocolate bars became popular in the 19th century
B. chocolate bars were produced in space in the 1960s
C. chocolate is now eaten only by some rich people
D. people can buy chocolate in the chocolate museum
13. The writer tells people not to have too much chocolate because ______________.（why细节）
A. it can even help people lose weight B. it can lead to many serious heart problems
C. there is too much sugar and fat in it D. Americans eat half of the world’s chocolate
14. According to the passage, which of the following is true （细节）
A. The biggest chocolate bar looks like an elephant.
B. People only eat chocolate at important festivals.
C. Chocolate is popular in Switzerland and the US.
D. Scientists say chocolate is very harmful to health.
15. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage （写作意图）
A. To show how chocolate was first made.
B. To encourage more people to buy chocolate.
C. To show how people use chocolate in movies.
D. To tell people some information about chocolate.
主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巧克力的起源、发展及有关吃巧克力的健康问题和巧克力的其他用途。
11. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：什么人首先把可可制成巧克力？由第二段最后一句中“the Europeans found the Mayans and used cocoa to make chocolate.”可知是欧洲人首先把可可制成了巧克力。故选B。
12. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从第三段我们可以了解到_______。A巧克力棒在19世纪开始流行起来，B巧克力棒在20世纪60年代被带入到太空中， C现在只有富人吃巧克力，D人们可以从巧克力博物馆买巧克力。由第三段第三句“They also took off in space: Russian and American astronauts took them into space in the 1960s. ”可知B项正确。故选B。
13. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者告诉人们不要吃太多的巧克力是因为_______。A它甚至能帮助人们减肥，B它能导致许多严重的心脏问题，C巧克力含有太多的糖和脂肪，D美国人消费了全世界一半的巧克力。由第六段第一句“Be careful not to eat too much chocolate—it’s rather high in sugar and fat.”可知，巧克力含有太多的糖和脂肪是作者告诫人们不要吃太多巧克力的原因。故选C。
14. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，下面哪一项是正确的？A最大的巧克力棒像一头大象，B人们只在重要的节日吃巧克力，C巧克力在瑞士和美国受欢迎，D科学家说巧克力对健康非常有害。由第四段第三句“That’s as big as an elephant.”可知A错误；由第四段第四句可知B错误；由第五段第三句“Scientists now say it is good for health in some ways”可知D错误；由第六段第二、三、四句可知C项正确。故选C。
15.D【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者写这篇短文的目的是什么？A展示巧克力如何首先被制作出来，B鼓励更多的人买巧克力，C展示人们在电影中如何使用巧克力，D告诉人们一些有关巧克力的信息。综合全文可知作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉人们一些有关巧克力的信息。故选D。
4（248词）
【考点定位】 考查生活类短文阅读。
Here are four letters to their headmasters from students in different places
Li Xue, 14, f'rom Jiangsu I will give some suggestions about our school uniform. In our school, we have to wear school uniform every day. But the yellow and green sports uniform looks really dark and old. It can't stand for young and lively spirit. We can add some red or orange color and make a new type of uniform.
Liu Hua. 14, from Fujian I have two suggestions for my headmaster. First, I think we should have more hobby classes in science, such as plane model making class and computer programming（编程）class. And second, I hope' we can have more PE lessons or more time for physical exercise.
Han Bo,15, from Shanxi I'd like to say thanks to my math teacher. About one week ago, I got a bad cold af'ter playing basketball. My math teacher came to me after he knew about it. He took care of me until my parents came. I really want to thank him for that.
Zhao Fei, 14, from Hebei I want to talk about the possibility of personal classes. Now many middle schools are trying the "personal class" system. Students don't have regular (普通的) classes in their schools. They can choose lessons they want to take. They don't have to stay in one classroom all the time. I think it is more effective. And it is also good for exercise.
16.The underlined phrase“stand for" means in Chinese.
A.树立 B.忍受 C．代表 D.站立
17.Liu Hua advises her headmaster to .
A. set personal classes they want to take B. change the color of their school uniform
C. take care of the students when they are sick D. give more hobby science classes and PE lessons
18In Han Bo's letter, he wants to show to his math teacher.
A. hobbies B. thanks C. illness D. collections
19. have the similar suggestions to their headmasters.
A. Li Xue and Liu Hua B. Li Xue and Han Bo C. Liu Hua and Zhao Fei D. Zhao Fei and Han Bo
20.From these letters, we can infer（推断） .
A. Liu Hua is interested in science and sports
B. students don't have regular classes in Zhao Fei's school
C. Li Xue likes to wear the yellow and green sports uniform
D. Han Bo's headmaster looked after him until he was well again
参考答案16.C 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.A

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