卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站2023中考英语专题复习之动词被动语态
Part one: Revision
Part two: Presentation(重点，难点，考点，热点呈现)
被动语态
（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
（二）被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken 一般过去时：was／were＋spoken
一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken
过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken 现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken
过去完成时：had been + spoken
（三）被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）
This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。
（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him. → He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory. → The bikes are made by them in the factory.
He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.
（五）含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成
We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once. →It should be done at once.
（六）特殊情况
1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.
2.Mother never lets me watch TV .→I am never let to watch TV by mother.
3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.
→（1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.
→（2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.
总结：
被动语态的基本结构：be ＋ 动词的过去分词
时态 主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时：
一般过去时：
一般将来时：
过去将来时：
现在进行时：
过去进行时：
现在完成时：
过去完成时：
情态动词：
主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。
Part three: practice
真题在线：
1.Last week Professor Li was i________to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals.
2.My hometown is greener now. More and more trees ______________(plant) every spring.
3.The children were __________（惩罚）for telling lies.
4. In Ningbo, everyone knows that things in blue rubbish bins can be___________ (回收利用).
5.It is reported that Taizhou Sports Park _____________ (complete) next year.
6. A new airport will be ____(build) in Antarctica(南极洲) by Chinese.
7. The sports meeting was _______ (取消) because of the terrible weather.
8. -The plan for summer study trip may be ______________ (cancel).- Really I'm looking forward to it.
9.We all agree that the driver who drives after drinking wine（酒）should be p___________.
10.All the members are______/r 'kwa d/to attend the meeting.
11. Smoking_________(not allow ) in public.
12. It’s ________ (say) that the pianist will come to our city next week.
13. In the past, many rivers were ________ seriously, but now they are cleaned up. （污染）
14. He says the problem _____________(deal) with next year.
15.It’s said that 5G network _______________(bring) into use at the end of this year in Wu Xi.
16. Most of the earth’s surface is c___________by water.
17.It's known to all that Taiwan is part of China, and it can never be s________ from our motherland.
18.The new bridge, which is sea crossing, has been ________ and ready for us. (complete)
19.In many restaurants, tea is _______ (serve) for free.
20. The classroom _____ (clean) by the students every day.
21.—Can you go to the movies with me tonight —I have to ask my mum. If I (allow), I will go with you.
22.—Laiwu has developed a lot in the last few years.—Yes. And the high-speed rail ________(complete) in 2020.
23.—Your hometown is beautiful, and the air is really fresh.
—Yes. Many trees and flowers (plant) around here every year.
24.—What are you watching —The Story of China. This part (film) at China Block Printing Museum of Yangzhou in 2014.
25.The dress made of silk (feel) very soft.
26.The passengers (tell) just now that the highway was closed because of the heavy fog.
27.There is something wrong with my car. It needs (repair) as soon as possible.
28.Children under 18 (not allow) to watch this show without their parents.
29.He asked me, “Where can this kind of bike (buy) ”
30.I’m busy today. I have a lot of clothes (wash).
语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
Mr. Smith lived in the country, but he worked in an office in a big city. So he went to work 1. train every morning and came home in the same way.
One morning he was 2. (read) his newspaper silently on the train when 3. man sitting behind him, who Mr. Smith had never met before, leaned(倾斜) forward, tapped (拍打) him on the shoulder and spoke to 4. (he). The man said, “You’re 5. (lead) a very interesting life. You get on the same train at the station at the same time every morning, and you always sit in the same seat and read the same newspaper. Life 6. (be) always the same to you.”
Mr. Smith put his paper down, 7. (turn) around, and said to the man, “Who are you How do you know all these 8. (thing) about me ”
“9. I’m always sitting in this seat behind you,” the man answered. “This morning, I thought it would be good to 10. (say) hello.”
B
You must have been around 15 years old. Do you feel 11. (difference) from that when you were 9 years old Are you 12. (wonder) if you have already grown up You may be a physical adult before you finish studying. Some people may finish their growing at high school, 13. others are still growing after they leave school.
Being an adult needs a long time. The more you experience, the 14. (fast) you become an adult. Even when puberty(青春期) is over and you think you are a grown-up, you’ll still face some physical and relationship problems that you should deal 15. .
Parents are very 16. (help) for your growing, but it’s not necessary for them to do everything for you. Sometimes you might have 17. (you) own idea. What they should do is to make sure that you have all the information to make a 18. (decide) by yourself. Of course you should do it in the right way.
Remember, caring parents and families are the 19. (good) support you can have. Anyway/ anyhow,wish you grow up 20. (healthy) and happily.
Part four: Homework
单选题
1. Many shops in China to shut down as a new law against ivory(象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2023.
A. ordered B. didn’t order C. were ordered D. weren’t ordered
2. —Your ring looks nice.—Yes, and it _____in Thailand.
A. makes B. made C. was made
3. Chinese _______ by more and more people around the world.
A. is spoken B. speak C. speaking
4.Too much time______ on computer games by most teenagers every day. And their parents are worried about their health and study.
A. spends B. is spent C. has spent D. spending
5. If you are caught smoking in the kitchen, you by your boss.
A. will fire B. are fired C. will be fired
6. —The 19th National Congress of the CPC(中共十九大) ________ in Beijing last year.
— Our country has been into a new era (时代) since then.
A. held B. was held C. has held D. had held
7.Two bridges over the river five years ago in our city.
A. build B. built C. were built D. are built
8. FIFA World Cup ________ every four years. Guess which team will win in 2018 Russia FIFA World Cup
A. is held B. was held C. will be held
9. Look at the picture. The top five TV plays _______ in it.
A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed
10.Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They ______ last spring.
A. planted B. were planted C. were planting
11.Children under 12 years old ride sharing bikes. It’s too dangerous.
A. shouldn’t allow to B. shouldn’t allow
C. shouldn’t be allowed to D. shouldn’t be allowed
12. Our classroom by students every afternoon.
A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans
13. —What are you watching
— The Story of China. This part ______ at China Block Printing Museum of Yangzhou in 2014.
filmed B. was filmed C. has filmed D. is filmed
Kids have to take many after-school classes. They _____ hard to study for good grades.
A. push B. are pushed C. are pushing D. have pushed
15.It is believed that tea ___ to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries.
brought B. was brought C. is brought
16. Tea, the most popular drink in the world, ______ by accident in China.
A. discovered B. is discovered
C. will be discovered D. was discovered
17. —The Forum(论坛)on China-Africa Cooperation Meeting will take place in Beijing this year.
—Yes. I hear thousands of guests ______to the meeting then.
A. will be invited B. will invite C. are invited D. invite
18.If you use mobile phone while driving, you ______ by police.
A. are caught B. will catch C. will be caught
19. A new high speed train railway station _______ in Hechi in five years.
A. will build B. will be built C. has built D. has been built
20.Andy, with his parents, Hong Kong, and some shopping by them.
A. have gone to; will do B. has gone to; will be done
C. have been to ; will do D. has been to; do
21.A new international airport ______ in the city next year.
A.completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed
22. Paper-making _____ by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代).
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented
23. A new robot by a middle school student last term.
A.invented B.was invented C.invents D.is invented
24. —Final exam is coming,Tom.Don’t watch TV for too long.
—I’m not a child any more.I ______ what to do.
A.should always be told B.should always tell
C.shouldn’t always be told D.shouldn’t always tell
25.—I have a bad cold,mom. —Oh,dear!You’d better ______ a doctor with me in a minute.
A.will see B.see C.not see D.seeing
26. —What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!—Yes, many old trees and houses .
A. pull down B. were pulling down C. were pulled down D. pulled down
27.The 2022 Winter Olympic Games_____in China. I'm sure it will be a great success.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
28. The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south.
A. expects B. expected C. is expected D. was expected
29. If you are over 18 years old, you _____ to drive a car in our country.
A. can allow B. can’t allow C. can be allowed
30. --Simon, do you know who invented the kite --Sure! It ____ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented
31. Jane _______ to call me last night, but she didn’t.
A. supposed B. supposes C. was supposed D. is suppose
32. The opening of the 2018 Word Cup ______ in Russia this evening. So after our English exam, let's go and watch it to relax ourselves!
A. would be held B. is held C. will be held
33.The telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A. invent B.was invented C. is invented D. invented
34.— Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!— Yeah, it _____nearly 500 years ago.
A. was building B. was built C. has built
35.Dr Bethune ____________ still_________ in both China and Canada today.
A. is; remembered B. is remembering C. will; remember D. has; remembered
36.—Who’s the little girl in the photo, Laura
—It’s me. This photo _____ when I was five.
is taken B. takes C. was taken D. took
37. —Do you know when and where the 24th Winter Olympic Games ________
—In Beijing and Zhangjiakou, in 2022.
A. is held B. will be held C. will hold
38. _______ Wugang Airport _______ last year
A. Did; build B. Had; built C. Was; built
39. British physicist Stephen Hawking, who_____ as the "'smartest man alive" , passed away in England on March 14, 2018.
A. Praised B. was praised C. will be praised
40. Many modern trains in the world _____ in Zhuzhou.
A.are creating B. created C.are created
41. A lot of new roads __________ in order to develop the villages in the next five years.
A. built B. were built C. build D. will be built
42. —let’s go to play soccer. Peter.
— I’m afraid not. I'll need one more hour before my homework______.
A. has finished B. finished C. will be finished D. is finished
43. Do you know the 32nd Olympic Games______ in Tokyo in 2020
A. is held B. hold C. will hold D. will be held
44. —Is our playground still over there —No, a large library on it two years ago.
A.is built B. was built C. has built