卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站Unit4 Growing up
Integrated skills
World War Ⅱ broke out in Europe in 1939 and ended in 1945.第二次世界大战于1939 年在欧洲爆发,于1945 年结束。
break out 爆发
多指战争、火灾、打斗等不愉快事件突然发生。
Fire broke out during the night.
夜间突然发生了火灾。
【拓展】含 break 的其他常见短语:
break up 粉碎;结束;解散
break down 坏掉,出故障;使分解
break into 强行闯;撬开(汽车等)
break of 中断,停顿;折断
break in 打断他人说话
Life changed for everybody , including women and children because of the war.因为这场战争,每个人的生活都发生了改变，包括妇女和儿童。
including prep.包括...在内
作介词,其后常接名词或代词
Many tourists including foreigners like to buy Chinese knots as gifts during their trips.
包括外国人在内的许多游客喜欢在旅行中购买中国结作为礼物。
include[ 动词]包括;包含
Our plan includes most of your suggestions.
我们的计划里包含了你们的大部分建议
It was a record of that time , and it has also become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit.它记录了那个时代,也成为人类精神胜利的一个象征。
record n.记录
[可数名词]keep a record of...记下...
You should keep a record of your expenses.
你应该记下你的开支。
【拓展】
[名词](尤指体育运动中的)纪录
hold/keep a record 保持纪录
world record 世界纪录
set a record 创造纪录
break a record 打破纪录
Anne and her elder sister died of illness 安和她的姐姐死于疾病。
die of/from 死于
【辨析】die of 与 die from
die of 强调死于内因,主要指饥饿、年老等原因。
die from强调死于外因,主要指地震、交通等原因。
**指死于疾病时两者可互换
She died of/from a heart attack.她因心脏病发作而死。
He died from a traffic accident.他死于一场交通事故。
【拓展】
die out 灭绝;消失
die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐平息
her father had her diary published 她的父亲将她的日记出版。
have sth. done 让/使某事被做
表示"让(他人)为你做(某事)"或"蒙受(他人所为的后果)",相当于 get/make sth.done。过去分词表示被动,与 sth.构成动宾关系。
I had my hair cut yesterday.昨天我理发了。
She had her bag stolen.她的包被偷了。
【拓展】
①have sth.to do 有某事要做其中 do 与 sth.存在动宾关系。
I have an important task to finish.我有一项要的任务要完成。
②have sb.do sth.让某人做某事
相当于 get sb. to do sth.。
I had Mary clean my bedroom yesterday.
昨天我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。
Because the German Nazis hated the Jews and wanted to kill them...因为德国纳粹分子憎恨犹太人,并想杀害他们......
German
adj.德国(人)的;德语的
n.德语
n.德国人 复数形式:Germans
Germany n.德国
During that difficult time , Anne kept writing in her diary until they were discovered by the Nazis in August 1944.在那段艰难的时期,安妮一直坚持写日记直到他们在 1944 年8月被纳粹分子发现。
keep (on ) doing sth.继续/重复做某事
After she returned home , she kept thinking about what to do to help those kids.
回到家,她继续想着如何帮助那些孩子。
How can I improve my pronunciation madam
夫人,我怎样才能提高我的发音水平
-Keep on practicing and you’ll make progress.
继续练习,你会取得进步的。
【拓展】
keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事
keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 （from不能省略）
I keep them waiting at the gate.
我让他们一直在门口等候。
The heavy rain kept them from going out.
大雨阻止了他们外出。
In her diary , Anne wrote down her thoughts. 在日记里,安妮写下了她的想法....
thought n.想法，看法，主意
[可数名词]复数形式为 thoughts
It's an interesting thought.这个想法很有趣
【拓展】
①thought[不可数名词]思考,思维
lost in thought 陷人思索
She was lost in thought.她陷人了沉思
②thoughtful[ 形容词]深思的;体贴的
He looked thoughtful.他一脸深思的神情。
My mother is a very thoughtful woman.
我母亲是一个很体贴的人。
③think[动词]认为,想
过去式和过去分词均为 thought。
The book A Small Free Kiss in the Dark is also about a young homeless boy and how he survived the war with his friends.《黑暗中的轻轻一吻》这本书也讲述了一个无家可归的男孩以及他是如何跟朋友在战争中幸存下来的。
survive v.幸存，生存
survive sth.幸免于...,在...中幸存
survivor[名词]幸存者
Did anyone survive the earthquake
有人在地震中活下来吗 (作及物动词)
With his hard work , more and more trees have survived.
因为他的努力工作,越来越多的树存活了下来。(作不及物动词)
I admire these children for their courage.我钦佩这些孩子的勇气。
admire v.钦佩，羡慕
admire sb./sth.钦佩某人/某事
admire sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩某人
Many teenagers admire the scientists like Yuan Longping.
许多青少年钦佩像袁隆平那样的利学家。
I admire you for your success in business.
我美慕你事业有成。
courage n.勇气
[不可数名词]常用结构:
have/lose the courage to do sth.有/失去勇气做某事
have no courage to do sth.没有勇气做某事
take courage鼓起勇气
Gradually I have the courage to speak out about anything.
我逐渐有了表达自己意见的勇气。
Take courage,and I will accompany you!
鼓起勇气来,我会陪着你!
However , it's a pity that they couldn't enjoy a happy life just as we do.然而很遗憾他们不能像我们一样享受幸福生活。
[名词]遗憾,可惜
It is a pity that...很遗憾....
It is a pity that he has to leave.很遗憾他必须要走了。
【拓展】
①What a pity!多么遗憾啊!
-Sorry,I can't go to the movies with you. 对不起，我不能跟你一起去看电影了。
-What a pity!太遗憾了!
②pity[名词]同情;怜悯
have/take pity on...同情/怜悯.....
I always have pity on beggars.我总是对乞心怀怜悯。
Although we live in peace , some children in other parts of the world still live in fear of their lives.尽管我们生活在和平年代,然而世界上其他地方的一些孩子仍然过着为生命安全而担忧的生活。
in fear of ...为......担忧
其中fear [名词]害怕;惧怕;担忧
该短语中,of 后接名词代词或动词-ing
Little Simba went hunting alone. The Lion King walked around, in fear of his safety.
小辛巴自去打猎。狮子王四处走动,担心他的安全。
We walked quietly ,in fear of being discovered.我们悄悄地走,害怕被发现。
Study skills
a book which sells well 卖得很好的一本书。
sell well 畅销
不可用于被动语态中。
His shoes became popular and sold well.
他的鞋子变得流行起来,卖得很好。
【拓展】sell out 卖光
常用于被动语态，其被动结构为 be sold out。
All the blue dresses in the shop have been sold out.
这家商店里所有蓝色连衣裙都卖完了。
Task
My father is in his fifties.我爸爸五十多岁。
in one's +整+数词的复数
表示"在某人...岁时"，如:in one's twenties/thirties/forties/..."在某人二十几岁三十几岁/四十几岁/...时”
Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice still worked in his nineties.
袁隆平—杂交水稻之父,在他九十多岁时仍然在工作
【拓展】“in the +整十数词的复数"表示"在某个年代",如:in the seventies/eighties/nineties"在七十/八十/九十年代”
You will not find anything unusual about him until you learn more。直到你更多地了解他你才会发现他的不寻常之处。
unusual adj.不寻常的 反义词:usual"通常的,寻常的"
注意 unusual前使用不定冠词时应用an。
There're many rocks in unusual shapes — some hang down,and others point upwards.
有许多奇形怪状的岩石,有的垂下来,有的指向上。
【词缀】
un-是否定前缀,表示”不,未,非"常见的含否定前缀 un-的形容词还有：
unhappy 不高兴的unlucky 不幸的
unfair 不公平的unpopular 不受欢迎的
unfriendly 不友善的unclear 不清楚的
To my surprise , he has decided to donate his body for medical research after his death.今我惊讶的是,他已决定去世后捐献遗体供医学研究。
surprise n.惊奇，诧异
在此处作名词,常用短语有:
to one's surprise 令某人惊奇的是
in surprise 惊讶地
To my surprise,he stood up immediately.
令我吃惊的是,他马上站了起来。
She looked up in surprise.
她惊讶地抬起头
【拓展】
①surprise[及物动词]使惊奇;使感到意外
His strange question surprised her.
他那奇怪的问题令她感到意外。
②
surprised 形容词 感到惊讶的 通常形容人，指某讶的人对某事感到惊讶
surprising 形容词 令人惊奇的 通常修饰事/物，指某人/某物令人惊奇
research n.研究;调查
[不可数名词]do research on sth.进行关于某事的研究
They did lots of research there.
他们在那里做了很多研究。
【拓展】[动词]研究;调查;探讨
He's been researching material for a documentary.
他一直在研究材料，准备做一个纪录片。
death n.死，死亡
the death of...的死下
People across the country were sad to hear about his death.
听闻他的去世,全国人民都很悲痛。
【拓展】与 death 相关的词:
deadly adj.
death n. 死亡
dying adj; 垂死的
dead adj; 死的 强调状态，常与时间段连用
die v.死亡 非延续性动词，不与时间段连用
deadly adj.致命的:极度的
At least six people died in the accident.
事故中至少有六人死亡。
She's seriously ill and I'm afraid she is dying.
她病得很重,恐怕命不久矣。
We didn't know if she was dead or alive.
我们不知道她是死是活。
The couple turned deadly pale.
这对夫妇脸色惨白。
同步课时训练2
一、单词拼写
1.I hope_______（和平）will come to stay.
2.I don't think I have the_______（勇气）to tell him the bad news.
3．She has no_______（希望）of success.
4. They believe that his_______（精神）lives on after his death.
5. He did very well, but failed to break the world_______（纪录）．
6. People in the city held a great party to celebrate their_______（胜利）．
7.I have quite a few good friends including these_______（德国人）．
8．She often acts without_______（想法；考虑）．
二、适当形式填空
1. Franklin's_______ (discover) was that lightning is electricity.
2. The kind old lady offered to take in the poor_______ (home) stranger.
3. He seems an_______ (energy) person.
4. All the characters in this book are _______ (imagine).
5. Seven were killed in the traffic accident, _______ (include) the driver.
6. The_______ (think) rushed into my mind uncontrolled.
7. Don't be angry! No one wants to hurt your _______ (feel).
8. We should take part in the_______ (peace) uses of atomic energy（原子能）．
三、句型转换
1．Her grandpa died during the war．（改为同义句）
Her grandpa_______ _______ _______ during the war.
2．Her family were forced to move to another country because of the war．（改为主动句）
The war_______ her family_______ move to another country.
3．Before I finish my job, I won't go back home．（改为同义句）
I_______ go back home_______ I finish my job.
4．He must be a doctor，_______ ？（改为反意疑问句）
四、单项选择
( ) I. Jim is_______ 11-year-old boy, and he can do much housework for his parents.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
( )2. The workers are made_______ ten hours a day in the factory.
A. work B. working C. to work D. works
( )3. A thief broke_______ and stole a lot of things last night.
A. out B. down C. into D. in
( )4. -She knew little English, did she -_______.
A. Yes, she didn't B. No, she did
C. Yes, she did D. No, she wasn't
( ) 5. It just isn't fair. _______ I was working as a waiter last month, my friends were lying on the beach.
A. Whenever B. Though C. For D. While
( )6. We will have the machine_______ next week.
A. mend B. mending C. mended D. mends
( )7. The Yangtze River is_______ river in China.
A. the first longest B. the longest
C. the second longest D. The third longest
( ) 8. As teachers, we should let students do_______ to develop their interests.
A. whatever do they like B. whatever they are like
C. whatever will they like D. whatever they like
参考答案
同步课时训练
单词拼写
1. peace 2.courage 3.hope 4.spirit 5.record 6.victory 7.Germans 8.thought
二、适当形式填空
1 discovery 2.homeless 3. energetic 4. imaginary 5. including 6.thoughts 7.feelings 8．peaceful
三、句型转换
1. lost his life 2.forced; to 3.won't; until 4.isn't he
四、单项选择
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D
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