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2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We should reduce the use of (燃料) that release greenhouse gases.
2.Education cost is one of the most general and essential (消费) items in many families.
3.No matter what we do or what happens to us, it is always beneficial to adopt an (/ pt m st k/) attitude.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.校服在英国是一种传统,但一些学校正开始废除校服。(rid)
School uniforms are traditional in Britain, but some schools .(2019浙江)
2.许多科学家认为,哭泣在某种程度上有助于我们应对情绪上的压力。(cope)
Many scientists believe that crying somehow .
3.与弟弟相比,莉莉对于他们母亲的离开反应很平静。(react)
Compared with her younger brother, Lily peacefully .(读后续写—心理描写)
4.只有提高我们的环境保护意识,我们才能使垃圾处于控制之中。
Only by raising our awareness of environmental conservation .
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.No matter I said, he wouldn’t listen to me.
2. amusing the story is, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
3.Apples are apparently a popular fruit no matter you go.
4.The three computers have their own strengths and weaknesses, so choose you like.
5.No matter you hire, you’re going to spend a lot of time with him.
题型(二)
根据汉语提示补全短文
Hello, everyone. I’m Anna from Canada. It’s a great honour to share my story with you here. I developed a strong interest in dancing when I was three years old. But 1. (无论我多么喜欢跳舞),I couldn’t become a professional dancer because I lost one of my legs in a car accident. In the beginning, I was hopeless and 2. (无论谁尝试跟我说话),I would get mad at him or her. One day, my dance teacher came to visit me. She said nothing but gave me a book about Helen Keller. After I finished reading the book, I was inspired by Helen’s story. I realised that I must cheer up and that3. (无论生活是多么困难),I should never give up easily. After that, I was determined to major in Literature in college. Now, I’m a writer and I have written 16 novels. What I want to say is 4. (不管你在经历着什么,或者无论你什么时候感到绝望),please remember that everything will be all right sooner or later.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022辽宁六校期中联考)
Gharials(恒河鳄) are living along the river banks of India and eat fish. There was a time when they were plentiful, but that was many years ago. The population of this animal was estimated to decrease from 10,000 in 1946 to fewer than 250 in 2006, which led to gharials’ being put in the endangered part on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List.
Gharials were in such a condition due to increased fishing in their living areas—fish were caught in large numbers—gharials sometimes couldn’t find enough food. Gharials were hunted for their skins, for use in traditional medicine and so on. Many lost their living places.
Conservation efforts began in the 1970s when the Indian government started a program that built the National Chambal Sanctuary. The next year, some gharials were put into the Chambal River. Other rivers, including the Gandaki River, were added. The Gandaki River is a good place for the gharials because it has sandbanks and wetlands.
Since 2016, nests have been found every year with help from local farmers and fishermen who then helped to protect gharials. “Members of the community were trained by experts to watch and help gharials,”said Samir Kumar Sinha, head of conservation at the Wildlife Trust of India (WTI).
A 2018 survey by the WTI recorded more than 160 gharials in the Gandaki River. The organization also found 20 baby gharials. Now, the gharials are being found in other parts of India and in parts of Nepal. In fact, they are found in the Kosi River in India for the first time in 50 years. They are still endangered but we are optimistic that the animals will begin to make a comeback.
1.What happened to gharials according to the first paragraph
A.Their number dropped a lot.
B.They lived a much shorter life.
C.They changed their food choice.
D.Their living environment was polluted.
2.What once caused gharials to be endangered
①Human hunting. ②Fewer living places.
③Being short of food. ④Being hurt by other animals.
A.①②③ B.①②④ C.②③④ D.①③④
3.What does the information in Paragraphs 3 and 4 suggest
A.Gharials lead a life of adventure.
B.Local people work together to protect gharials.
C.People have to take care of gharials because of orders.
D.Gharials were put into different rivers to attract visitors.
4.How is the result of the conservation efforts
A.It is uncertain. B.It is worrying.
C.It is successful. D.It is unsatisfactory.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023山东师范大学附属中学第一次月考)
It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250 km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard 1 a little dog going around his camp trying to 2 herself.
“Cute, but I’m not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like all 3 , he had packed just enough for the whole 4 . He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a 5 to win.
The next day, at the starting line, the dog 6 him again. He waved her away, worried that she couldn’t cope with dangerous situations and might be stepped on by the runners. 7 , the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race 8 . That night the dog snuggled (依偎) up to Leonard and even 9 to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to name her Gobi.
The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi 10 a distance of 125 km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a 11 —he would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi in the race 12 my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, rather than just focusing on winning,” said Leonard, who finished second. “In the meantime, it also made my running more enjoyable, giving me a lot of pleasure.”
As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home, she was missing. With a group of 20 local volunteers coming to his 13 , he finally found her. After that, Leonard never let Gobi out of 14 . Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running, and she 15 does at least 8 km a day with Leonard up the hills.
1.A.treated B.spotted
C.adopted D.recognized
2.A.feed B.water
C.entertain D.accommodate
3.A.hikers B.climbers
C.explorers D.competitors
4.A.plan B.course
C.day D.camp
5.A.desire B.chance
C.right D.tendency
6.A.bothered B.stopped
C.approached D.welcomed
7.A.Nevertheless B.Meanwhile
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
8.A.came along B.got down
C.kicked off D.wound up
9.A.expected B.managed
C.afforded D.begged
10.A.keeping B.setting
C.covering D.extending
11.A.decision B.choice
C.comment D.difference
12.A.sponsored B.acknowledged
C.challenged D.changed
13.A.rescue B.mind
C.assistance D.defense
14.A.reach B.way
C.hand D.sight
15.A.gradually B.routinely
C.eventually D.occasionally
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022辽宁葫芦岛八中期中)
Jim is an eight-year-old boy. One day, when he went to the countryside 1 his parents, he caught a beautiful bird in the woods. 2 his father tried very hard to persuade him to let it go, Jim still decided 3 (keep) it.
After 4 (come) back from the countryside, Jim bought a beautiful cage and kept the little bird in it. In order to make the bird happy, he prepared a container filled with nice food and 5 (feed) the little bird on the food. He thought the bird lived 6 (happy) with him because it didn’t have to try hard to find food. However, the bird didn’t look happy. It always stared 7 the sky out of the cage. And it never sang.
One day, his father said to him, “You should let the bird go now. It would be much 8 (good) for it to live in the woods than here. If you continue to keep it, it may die.” But Jim didn’t follow his father’s 9 (suggest). The bird was still kept in the cage.
One morning, when Jim went to play with the bird as usual, he found that the bird 10 (die). Jim was very sad. In the meantime he regretted not letting it go. But it was already too late.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你和你的朋友将利用周末进行一次野外探险活动。请给在你们学校做交换生的好友David写一封邮件,邀请他加入。邮件内容包括:
1.发出邀请;
2.时间安排;
3.注意事项。
注意:
1.词数 80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
Yours,
Li Hua
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.fuels 2.consumption 3.optimistic
Ⅱ.1.are starting to get rid of them 2.helps us cope with emotional stress 3.reacted to their mother’s departure 4.can we bring garbage under control
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.what 考查让步状语从句。句意:不管我说什么,他都不听我的。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为“No matter ”引导的让步状语从句,said后缺少宾语,根据句意可知设空处表示“什么”,应用what。
2.However 考查让步状语从句。句意:不管这本小说多么有趣,这个星期我都得把它收起来,集中注意力学习。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为设空处引导的让步状语从句,设空处后有形容词amusing,根据句意可知设空处表示“无论多么”,应用however。设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。
3.where 考查让步状语从句。句意:显然,无论你去哪里,苹果都是很受欢迎的水果。分析句子结构可知,“no matter you go”为“no matter ”引导的让步状语从句,根据句意可知设空处表示“哪里”,故填where。
4.whichever 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,“ you like”作动词choose的宾语,则“ you like”为设空处引导的宾语从句,从句中like后缺少宾语。根据句中的“The three computers”可知此处表示范围,且指物,故填whichever,意为“无论哪个”。句意:这三台电脑都有各自的优点和缺点,所以选择你喜欢的那个。
5.who 考查让步状语从句。句意:不论你雇用谁,你都要和他共度很长的时光。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为“No matter ”引导的让步状语从句,hire后缺少宾语,根据句意可知设空处表示“谁”,应用who。
题型(二)
1.however/no matter how much I loved dancing
2.whoever/no matter who tried to talk with me
3.however/no matter how difficult the life was
4.whatever/no matter what you are experiencing or whenever/no matter when you are hopeless
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。恒河鳄生活在印度的河岸上,以鱼为食,后来成为濒危物种,文章解释了其背后的原因以及人们为保护恒河鳄所采取的一些措施。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The population of this animal was estimated to decrease from 10,000 in 1946 to fewer than 250 in 2006”可知,恒河鳄的数量从1946年的10,000只变化到2006年的不足250只,由此可见恒河鳄的数量减少了很多。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“due to increased fishing in their living areas”“couldn’t find enough food”“Many lost their living places.”可知人类捕猎、食物短缺以及生存空间减少导致了恒河鳄濒临灭绝。
3.B 推理判断题。第三段第一句提到保护工作开始于20世纪70年代,印度政府建立了国家昌巴尔保护区。第四段提到自2016年以来,在当地农民和渔民的帮助下,每年都能发现用来保护恒河鳄的巢穴,并且社区成员接受了专家的培训,以观察和帮助恒河鳄。由此可知,第三段和第四段表明了当地人一起努力保护恒河鳄。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段WTI 在2018年的一项调查记录中所列的数据可知,恒河鳄的数量有所增加,且由最后一句中的“we are optimistic that the animals will begin to make a comeback”可推断,保护工作很成功。
【高频词汇】 1.traditional adj.传统的 2.record v.记录;记载 3.for the first time第一次
长难句 原句 Conservation efforts began in the 1970s when the Indian government started a program that built the National Chambal Sanctuary.
分析 本句为主从复合句。“when the Indian...Sanctuary”为when引导的定语从句,该从句中又含有that引导的定语从句“that built the National Chambal Sanctuary”。
译文 保护行动开始于20世纪70年代,当时印度政府启动了一个项目,建立了国家昌巴尔保护区。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱跑步的Leonard在参加一次历时7天、全长250千米的跑步比赛时发现了一只小狗,小狗一直跟随他跑完了比赛,最后他把小狗带回家的故事。
1.B 根据语境可知,此处是说Leonard先生在参加横跨戈壁沙漠的跑步比赛时发现了一只小狗,这只小狗围着他的营地转。spot意为“看见,发现”,符合语境,故选B。A.对待,治疗;C.收养;D.辨认出,认出。
2.A 根据第二段的“Cute, but I’m not giving you any”“he had packed just enough for the whole 4 ”和第三段的“get a little food from him”可知,小狗是在找东西吃。feed“喂养”符合语境,故选A。B.给……浇水;C.娱乐;D.为(某人)提供住宿。
3.D 根据第一段的“a tiring seven-day 250 km race”及第三段的“runners”可知,和所有的参赛者一样,Leonard带的食物只够整个赛程吃。competitor“参赛者”,符合语境。故选D。A.徒步旅行者;B.登山者;C.探险者,勘探者。
4.B 根据语境可知Leonard在参加一个历时7天的比赛,他只带够了整个路线需要的食物,没有带多余的。course“路线”符合语境,故选B。A.计划;C.天;D.营地。
5.A 根据“He’d been running competitively for three years”和第四段中的“just focusing on winning”可知, Leonard很渴望获得比赛的胜利。have a desire to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“渴望做某事”,符合语境,故选A。A.愿望,渴望;B.机会;C.权利;D.趋势。
6.C 根据下文中的“waved her away”可知,第二天,在起跑线处,这只狗又靠近Leonard。approach意为“靠近,接近”,符合语境,故选C。A.打扰;B.阻止;D.欢迎。
7.A 根据上文“He waved her away”及下文“the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race 8 ”可知,设空处前后存在转折关系,应用表示转折意义的副词。nevertheless意为“尽管如此,然而”,符合语境,故选A。B.同时;C.因此;D.否则。
8.D 根据“the dog followed him all the way”可知,这只狗一直跟着Leonard,直到当天的比赛结束。A.偶然出现;B.弯下身;C.踢开;D.结束。故选D。
9.B 根据第二段中的“‘Cute, but I’m not giving you any,’ Leonard thought.”以及本段中的“That night the dog snuggled up to Leonard and even...”和“By then, he was determined to name her Gobi.”可推断,这只狗跟了Leonard一天,他对这只狗渐渐熟悉起来,给它取了名字,由此猜测Leonard也会给它食物。由此可知此处指这只狗设法从Leonard那里弄到了一点食物。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”,符合语境。故选B。A.期待;B.设法做成;C.买得起,承担得起(后果),提供;D.恳求。
10.C 根据下文中的“a distance of 125 km on her own, and winning Leonard over”可知,Gobi独自跑了125千米。cover在这里意为“行走(一段路程)”,符合语境,故选C。A.保持;B.设置;D.扩展。
11.A 根据下文“he would take her home to Edinburgh”可知Leonard决定将Gobi带回家,此处指他做出了决定,make a decision意为“做决定”,符合语境,故选A。B.选择;C.评论;D.不同,差异。
12.D 根据下文“It made me think more about stopping and helping her, rather than just focusing on winning”可知,比赛中遇到Gobi使Leonard改变了自己对事物的态度。A.赞助;B.承认;C.挑战;D.改变。故选D。
13.C 根据后文“he finally found her”可知,Leonard是在当地志愿者的帮助下找到走失的Gobi的。come to one’s assistance意为“来帮助某人”,符合语境,故选C。come to one’s rescue来营救某人;come to one’s mind某人想起……;defense防御。
14.D 根据语境可知,在找到走失的Gobi之后,Leonard再也没有让Gobi离开过他的视线。out of sight意为“看不见;在视野之外”,符合语境,故选D。out of reach够不到;out of hand无法控制。
15.B 根据前文“Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running”和后文“does at least 8 km a day with Leonard up the hills”尤其是“8 km a day”可知,Leonard每天和Gobi爬山。routinely意为“日常地;常规地”,符合语境,故选B。A.逐渐地;C.最终;D.偶尔。
【高频词汇】 1.pack v.装,收拾,打包 2.competitively adv.竞争性地,竞争地 3.step on 踩上,踩到 4.be determined to do下决心去做 5.rather than 而不是
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个8岁的小男孩和父母去乡下时捉到一只小鸟,将小鸟带回家后整天把它关在笼子里,最后小鸟死了,他后悔当初没有把小鸟放飞的故事。
1.with 考查介词。句意:有一天,当他和父母一起去乡下时,他在树林里捉到了一只漂亮的鸟。根据语境可知,Jim年龄小,应该和父母一起去,用介词with,意为“和……一起”。
2.Though/Although/While 考查状语从句。句意:尽管他的父亲非常努力地去说服他释放小鸟,但是Jim还是坚持要养小鸟。该句中逗号前后在意思上存在转折关系,设空处没有提示词,且位于句首,故推测设空处引导让步状语从句,用though/although/while (尽管)引导,首字母要大写。故填Though或Although或While。
3.to keep 考查动词不定式。decide to do sth.决定做某事。故填to keep。
4.coming 考查动名词。After是介词,后面要跟动名词形式,故填coming。
5.fed 考查时态。该句中and连接两个并列谓语,由空前的prepared可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填fed。
6.happily 考查副词。设空处修饰前面的动词lived,应用副词作状语,故填happily。
7.at 考查介词。句意:它总是望着笼子外的天空。stare at盯着看,凝视,故填at。
8.better 考查比较级。根据空前的much和空后的than可知,此处应用比较级,故填better。
9.suggestion 考查名词。his father’s为名词所有格,其后要跟名词,故填suggestion。
10.had died 考查时态。句意:一天早晨,当Jim像往常一样去和小鸟玩的时候,他发现小鸟已经死了。分析句子结构可知,从句缺少谓语,根据语境可知,从句动作应该发生在主句动作之前,表示“过去的过去”,用过去完成时。故填had died。
【高频词汇】 1.persuade vt.说服 2.stare at 盯着看,凝视 3.as usual像往常一样 4.regret v.后悔
Ⅳ.One possible version:
Dear David,
Some of my friends and I intend to have an adventure in the West Hill, and I’m writing to invite you to join us.
Weather permitting, we will set out by bike at 7 am from the school gate this Saturday and return at around 5 pm. In case of extreme weather, take some warm clothes with you. Besides, you’d better pack some necessities, like instant food, a compass, a flashlight, a mobile phone, a box of matches.
Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
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