卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站墨玉县中小学2023-2024学年第一学期期中测试卷
高二年级 英语
(考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
一、阅读理解(每小题2. 5，共50分)
第一节 阅读理解(满分37. 5分)
A
Last week, Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gerard Mourou. It's the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists - past and present - who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub（冷落）: Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however , went to her male supervisor(指导者), Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a 2. 3m Breakthrough Prize , which she gave away to help women and refugee students, she joked to The Guardian: "I feel I've done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize."
Lene Hau
Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists, and could 2019 be Hau's year
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”. Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission. However , the discovery was admitted by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male colleague, Otto Hahn.
1. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel committee
A. In 1944. B. In 1967.
C. In 1974. D. In 1980.
2. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
3. What do we know about the five females
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in chemistry.
C. Lise Meitner's teacher won a Noble prize for her work.
D. None of them have been admitted by the Nobel committee.
B
Nowadays, more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study. Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I'd like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.
Food: The food in a foreign country will not only be different from American food, but the cooking style will also be different. For example, while most American vegetables are usually boiled, in China, where I studied, vegetables are often fried, which, as far as I'm concerned, is terrible! China actually helped me like my former enemy, vegetables. So, have an open mind, and try the local food.
Locations: In terms of locations, I mean that your study abroad location differs from your home location or college location. For example, coming from San Francisco and going to school at Mount Holyoke. College in South Hadley, Masschusetts, was a location shock for me. I was not used to the very slow public transport and the need. to drive.
Culture: Having an open mind will benefit you the most. In a global education program, we had Chinese roommates, and my Mount Holyoke Class was mainly made up of Chinese graduate students. Therefore, hanging out with them was not too much trouble, but if finding local friends is not that easy, join clubs, sit at coffee shops, or start conversations at a gathering or party. Being interested in flea markets and art galleries, I looked online for those types of events and went to them. At these events, I met expatriates(侨民)and locals alike and became good friends with them. Another way to fit in with the culture is to find people who will go to cultural events and places with you. I would walk around Shanghai, taking in the Chinese culture everywhere I went.
4. We can infer from the passage that the writer .
A. made only Chinese friends when in Shanghai
B. kept an open mind when studying in China
C. disliked his study experience in Masschusetts
D. experienced Chinese culture by traveling everywhere
5. Who may be interested in the passage
A. Parents at home and abroad.
B. Teachers teaching foreign languages.
C. Students studying or to study abroad.
D. Workers in service agencies.
6. Which will be mainly discussed in the following paragraph
A. Friends. B. Language.
C. Study. D. Chinese culture.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Make the Most of Your Experience when Studying Abroad
B. Get Familiar with Chinese Culture
C. Be Open to the Chinese Culture Shock
D. My Wonderful Experience when Studying Abroad
C
Josh Morrison, 17, dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family. After years of hard work, his dream has come true. The house is now in the early stages of building.
Six years ago, Josh and his dad went into the Habitat for Humanity ReStore, a home improvement store and donation center run by the nonprofit organization. They were there to buy a sink. Josh, then 11, also noticed a collection of pennies. “I instantly felt the urge to help with that,” he said. Josh set a fund-raising deadline of four years. Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000, but it didn’t shake his faith. He devoted his time to raising money at his school and other nearby schools. He collected money from neighbours, got publicity from local newspapers, and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.
Josh’s fund-raising efforts began to produce results. Still, there were challenges. Four months before his deadline, he was $ 30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge, which is in the province of Ontario. The event raised $19,000.
“I didn’t care how long it took me,” said Josh. “I would raise $100,000.” With three weeks left, a company called Josh’s house and offered to donate $18,000. Eventually, Josh reached a total of $134, 000 before the deadline. “The momentum just kept going, and we decided to do more,” he said. “Josh’s Penny House” is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new town houses. Josh has helped with some construction, as have other volunteers. He will choose the family that moves into the unit.
Next year, the 17-year-old kid will head to college in British Columbia, Canada’s westernmost province. As an11-year-old kid when starting fund-raising, Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world. No matter how old you are, if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it, it can come true.
8. Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2
A. Cautious B. Straightforward C. Open-minded D. Determined
9. Why did Josh hold the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event
A. To attain his goal. B. To call for more attention.
C To win approval from the locals. D. To find sponsors for a family.
10. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean
A He received continuous donations. B. His project became more popular.
C. He got more support from his family. D. The result was beyond expectations.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Kindness from a Company B. The Penny House Dream
C. A Fund-raising Campaign D. A Boy with a Warm Heart
D
Everybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night s sleep every night. They aren’t able to do their best unless they sleep well. Most experts agree that the proper number of hours is eight, and this has been accepted as common sense for as long as I can remember. However, I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that----and sometimes this influence your schoolwork.
I read an article in a teachers’ magazine recently. They did a study of 848 students in Wales. Worryingly, the results suggested that teenagers are facing a new problem. They may go to bed and get up at proper times but a growing number wake up in the middle of the night, not to use the bathroom or have a snack (点心) but because of FOMO ---- the fear of missing out!
According to the article, schoolchildren suffer (遭受痛苦) because of an increasing trend (趋势) to wake up during the night to check social media. Afraid of missing a message or chance to take part in a discussion, teens wake up at all times of the night to go online and join up with social groups. All this happens when they should be sound asleep.
The report gives some worrying numbers. 23% of 12- to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use social media. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason. As a result, one in three students are constantly tired and unable to do well at school.
So, I’d like to ask you to be responsible when it comes to social media. Be brave and turn off your phones and computers at night. The world won’t end and your social media will be waiting to greet you in the morning. I give you my word that you won’t have missed anything important.
12. What is the new trend among teenagers
A. They get up too early in the morning.
B. They have difficulty in falling asleep at night.
C. They wake up at night to get something to eat.
D. They wake up in the middle of the night to go online.
13. How did the author introduce the new trend
A. By using examples.
B. By asking questions.
C. By making a comparison.
D. By showing research findings.
14. What does the underlined word “ FOMO” mean
A. A fear of going online.
B. A fear of losing touch on social media.
C. A need to go out all the time.
D. A need to use the latest technology
15. What can we learn about the author’s opinion on the new trend
A. It’s worrying.
B. It s encouraging.
C. It s hard to understand.
D. It s difficult to change.
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everybody gets stressed from time to time. ___16___ Some ways of dealing with stress , like screaming or hitting someone, don't solve much. But other ways , like talking to someone you trust , can lead you to solve your problem or at least feel better.
Try taking these four steps next time you are stressed ：
Get support. When you need help reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult , such as a parent or other relatives. ___17___ They might have had similar problems , such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear , that"s not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. ___18___
Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. ___19___ Even if you cant solve it completely, you can solve a part of it.
___20___ Most stress is temporary. Remember stress doesn't go away, unless you figure out the problem and start working on solving it. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
These steps aren't magic, but they do work.
A. Be positive.
B. Then, find a way to calm down.
C. And don't forget about your friends.
D. You need to figure out what the problem is.
E. Different people feel stress in different ways.
F. Notice your friends" feelings and find a way to help them.
G. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
二、完型填空(每小题1分满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sometime last year, Michael Blonder began giving out reusable fabric bags with each purchase instead of disposable plastic bags at A. L. Goodies General Store, the souvenir shop he ____21____ on Main Street.
The move, Blonder said, was in anticipation of a ban on plastic bags, ____22____ the city has not made an effort to do so in more than a decade.
Eight states around the country have already ____23____ them. And in neighboring Montgomery County and Washington D.C., fees have been levied(征收)to ____24____ consumers away from using the single-use plastic bags that can ____25____ their way into nearby waterways, ____26____ storm drains and getting stuck in tree branches.
On Monday, Annapolis Alderman Rob Savidge introduced a ____27____ that would prevent any ____28____ in the city—who owns grocers, convenience stores and others-from ____29____ plastic bags at the point of sale. The Annapolis bill also ____30____ a 20-cent fee for each paper bag that’s issued only for ____31____ businesses—those with a footprint of 20,000 square feet or more.
Savidge hopes the bill will cut off the public’s ____32____ on plastic bags and help clean up pollution. But a city bill does not become a ____33____ until more procedures are done.
A ban is a(n) ____34____ part of environmental protection, said Rick Kissel, the former vice-chair of the Anne Arundel County Sierra Club. He recommended a delay in placing the ban so customers could ____35____ .
21. A. builds B. enters C. visits D. runs
22. A. though B. until C. unless D. after
23. A. sold B. banned C. reduced D. produced
24. A. introduce B. announce C. interview D. direct
25. A. lose B. find C. fight D. wind
26. A. making up B. building up C. blocking up D. showing up
27. A. bill B. note C. letter D. measure
28. A. teachers B. officers C. doctors D. shopkeepers
29. A. providing B. producing C. recycling D. employing
30. A. looks for B. calls for C. makes for D. hopes for
31. A. cleaner B. private C. public D. larger
32. A. promise B. dependence C. opinion D. income
33. A. notice B. law C. information D. rule
34. A. meaningless B. impossible C. essential D. immediate
35. A. refuse B. learn C. adjust D. understand
三、语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Kyrgyzstan(吉尔吉斯斯坦) is a mountainous country where nearly two thirds of the people live in rural areas. The UN notes that the local economy depends ___36___(heavy)on farming. So it is rare for any Kyrgyz to choose technology ___37___ a career path.
The UN Development Programme studied records about the country’s college ___38___(graduate)in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, construction and manufacturing. It found that women make up less than 10 percent of those graduates.
Nineteen-year-old Alina Anisimova, ___39___ is a computer programmer, says some girls don’t have the courage to take on such studies because it is not common in their country. And, she also says a majority of parents discourage their daughters from ___40___(study)these subjects. Girls in her country are expected ___41___ (marry) instead of having careers. Nearly one in 10 girls in Kyrgyzstan is married before the age of 18, notes the international aid group Girls Not Brides. She wishes that in the future people will not consider it so ___42___(surprise)to see young women get involved in engineering and metal working.
Actually, the number of women in science, technology, engineering and math areas ___43___ (increase)in recent years. For example, in the US, there has been a push to get more girls interested in such subjects at ___44___ early age. Still, the UN’s cultural agency UNESCO notes that only about 30 percent of the world’s researchers ____45____ (be)women.
四、根据语境填写单词或短语(每空1.5分，共22.5分)
46. Do you get very ________(懊恼的) by slow-moving traffic (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. The public are able to hold a number of apparently ________(对立的) attitudes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48. To be great, you must be smart, confident, and ________(最重要的是), honest.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
49. This struggle is sharp and ________(复杂的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. Please ________(参加) a conversation(根据汉语提示完成句子)
51. The president says she is ________(乐观的) that an agreement can be worked out soon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. The ________(稳定的) situation of our country today was hard won. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. He has been a ________(始终如一的) friend to the Chinese people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. He seems to be giving the impression that he didn't enjoy himself in Paris. __________________（正相反）,he had a wonderful time.（根据汉语意思完成句子）
55. The church in Ireland has always exercised an ________(令人惊叹的) power. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
56. It is one of the largest shopping ________(购物商场). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. His ________(绝望的) friends were slapping him on the back. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58. Suddenly she could ________(不再) feel the right side of her body. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
59. When he got out of the bathtub, he ________(滑倒) and fell on the floor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60. It was ________(有雾的) outside when she left the office. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
五、语法知识单选题(每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
61. The reason why I didn’t go to shanghai was ______ a new job.
A. because I got B. because of getting
C. I got D. that I got
62. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was
C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is
63. __________ the twins waited all night outside the ward (病房), hoping to see their __________ father recover.
A. Worrying; injuring B. Worrying; injured
C. Worried; injured D. Worried; injuring
64. ________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Having told B. To be told C. Being told D. Having been told
65. By the time he arrived in Beijing, we _______ there for two days.
A. will have stayed B. stay
C. have been staying D. had stayed
六、写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，最近你收到一封来自英国笔友Edward的邮件，询问你的健康生活方式。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 健康生活的意义；
2. 你对如何养成健康生活方式的建议（不少于3点）。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头与结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Edward,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The most important change in a person’s life is the change of his or her attitude. Right attitudes produce right actions. Have you ever met someone who gave you a different view of life
On a Sunday morning, I saw something very interesting as I went to the greengrocer’s. To get there, I had to cross a bridge over railway tracks. The bridge was pretty high. A set of steep steps had to be climbed; then the bridge flattened out (变平), followed by coming down another set of steps. On my way back from the greengrocer’s, I saw an elderly gentleman running up the steps. After watching him run up the steps so fast, I thought that he could be in a rush.
Before I knew it, he had crossed the bridge, and then he ran back to where he started. To my surprise, he did not stop. He turned around, and then went up and down the bridge again. He was not struggling, and seemed to enjoy going up and down the bridge. Being a fitness fanatic (热衷于健美的人) myself, I admired his ability to Cross the bridge so quickly. My curiosity got the better of me, and I came up to him to have a chat with him.
“Excuse me, sir. Are you training for an event ” I asked.
He stopped. “No, not training for an event. Well, I am training for life,” he said with a broad smile on his face as sweat rolled down his cheeks.
I told him that I had been looking for a role model of fitness, and that I hoped to be as strong as he is when I get to his age. He said that everyone has a choice about what they do with their life. “I am not different,” he added. With much admiration, I asked, “What drives you to maintain good health ”
Then he told me the accident he met with when he was young.
Paragraph 1:
“I used to be a cyclist,” he said.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
His great determination paid off and he was able to walk again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________墨玉县中小学2023-2024学年第一学期期中测试卷
高二年级 英语
(考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
一、阅读理解(每小题2. 5，共50分)
第一节 阅读理解(满分37. 5分)
A
Last week, Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gerard Mourou. It's the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists - past and present - who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub（冷落）: Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however , went to her male supervisor(指导者), Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a 2. 3m Breakthrough Prize , which she gave away to help women and refugee students, she joked to The Guardian: "I feel I've done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize."
Lene Hau
Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists, and could 2019 be Hau's year
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”. Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission. However , the discovery was admitted by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male colleague, Otto Hahn.
1. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel committee
A. In 1944. B. In 1967.
C. In 1974. D. In 1980.
2. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
3. What do we know about the five females
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in chemistry.
C. Lise Meitner's teacher won a Noble prize for her work.
D. None of them have been admitted by the Nobel committee.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了五位开创性的女物理学家。她们在科学研究方面做出了巨大贡献，她们应该获得诺贝尔奖但由于种种原因而未能获奖。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell段中的Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967…The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974可知，第一个radio pulsars(脉冲星)在1967年被发现，这项发现被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lene Hau段中的Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists可知，Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单的榜首，她最有可能获得诺贝尔奖。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段总述中的It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists—past and present—who actually deserve the prize.(这是55年来第一次有女性获得这个著名的奖项，但为什么花了这么长时间？我们来看看另外五位开创性的女性物理学家——无论过去还是现在——都应该得到这个奖。) 可知Donna Strickland是第一个获得诺贝尔物理奖的女性，而文中介绍的五位女科学家都应该获得这个奖，但由于各种原因未能获奖。故选D项。
【点睛】做细节理解题时，将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell中Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967…The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974可知第一个radio pulsars在1967年被发现，被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年。故选C项。小题2根据Lene Hau段中的Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists可知，Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单的榜首，她最有可能获得诺贝尔奖。故选C项。
B
Nowadays, more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study. Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I'd like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.
Food: The food in a foreign country will not only be different from American food, but the cooking style will also be different. For example, while most American vegetables are usually boiled, in China, where I studied, vegetables are often fried, which, as far as I'm concerned, is terrible! China actually helped me like my former enemy, vegetables. So, have an open mind, and try the local food.
Locations: In terms of locations, I mean that your study abroad location differs from your home location or college location. For example, coming from San Francisco and going to school at Mount Holyoke. College in South Hadley, Masschusetts, was a location shock for me. I was not used to the very slow public transport and the need. to drive.
Culture: Having an open mind will benefit you the most. In a global education program, we had Chinese roommates, and my Mount Holyoke Class was mainly made up of Chinese graduate students. Therefore, hanging out with them was not too much trouble, but if finding local friends is not that easy, join clubs, sit at coffee shops, or start conversations at a gathering or party. Being interested in flea markets and art galleries, I looked online for those types of events and went to them. At these events, I met expatriates(侨民)and locals alike and became good friends with them. Another way to fit in with the culture is to find people who will go to cultural events and places with you. I would walk around Shanghai, taking in the Chinese culture everywhere I went.
4. We can infer from the passage that the writer .
A. made only Chinese friends when in Shanghai
B. kept an open mind when studying in China
C. disliked his study experience in Masschusetts
D. experienced Chinese culture by traveling everywhere
5. Who may be interested in the passage
A. Parents at home and abroad.
B. Teachers teaching foreign languages.
C. Students studying or to study abroad.
D. Workers in service agencies.
6. Which will be mainly discussed in the following paragraph
A. Friends. B. Language.
C. Study. D. Chinese culture.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Make the Most of Your Experience when Studying Abroad
B. Get Familiar with Chinese Culture
C. Be Open to the Chinese Culture Shock
D. My Wonderful Experience when Studying Abroad
【答案】4 B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者结合个人的切身体验给身在异国他乡、置身于陌生环境中的莘莘学子从饮食、地点、文化等方面提出了很好的建议。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的The best recommendation I'd like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. (我想给你的最好建议是对经历和文化冲击敞开心扉)可推测作者在中国学习时，对中国的文化敞开心扉，并从中受益，所以才会给其他人这个建议。B. kept an open mind when studying in China (在中国学习时敞开心扉)符合以上推测，故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段，尤其是 Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I'd like 1o give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock (在国外学习可以让你体验各种各样的经历。我想给你的最好建议是对经历和文化冲击敞开心扉)可以推测文章是针对在国外留学或即将去国外留学的学生的。C. Students studying or to study abroad. (正在或即将去国外学习的学生)符合以上推测，故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段中的 Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language (一些在食物、地点、文化和语言)以及根据第二、第三、第四段段首的Food, Locations, Culture可推测接下来应是谈论language方面的内容。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Nowadays, more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study. Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I'd like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. (现在越来越多的年轻人有机会去另外一个国家学习。在国外学习可以让你体验各种各样的经历。我想给你的最好建议是对经历和文化冲击敞开心扉)可知本文主要通过作者在国外的经历给正在或即将去国外学习的学生提供一些建议，让他们敞开心扉充分体验国外的学习生活。 A. Make the Most of Your Experience when Studying Abroad (在国外学习时充分体验你的经历)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。
C
Josh Morrison, 17, dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family. After years of hard work, his dream has come true. The house is now in the early stages of building.
Six years ago, Josh and his dad went into the Habitat for Humanity ReStore, a home improvement store and donation center run by the nonprofit organization. They were there to buy a sink. Josh, then 11, also noticed a collection of pennies. “I instantly felt the urge to help with that,” he said. Josh set a fund-raising deadline of four years. Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000, but it didn’t shake his faith. He devoted his time to raising money at his school and other nearby schools. He collected money from neighbours, got publicity from local newspapers, and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.
Josh’s fund-raising efforts began to produce results. Still, there were challenges. Four months before his deadline, he was $ 30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge, which is in the province of Ontario. The event raised $19,000.
“I didn’t care how long it took me,” said Josh. “I would raise $100,000.” With three weeks left, a company called Josh’s house and offered to donate $18,000. Eventually, Josh reached a total of $134, 000 before the deadline. “The momentum just kept going, and we decided to do more,” he said. “Josh’s Penny House” is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new town houses. Josh has helped with some construction, as have other volunteers. He will choose the family that moves into the unit.
Next year, the 17-year-old kid will head to college in British Columbia, Canada’s westernmost province. As an11-year-old kid when starting fund-raising, Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world. No matter how old you are, if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it, it can come true.
8. Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2
A. Cautious B. Straightforward C. Open-minded D. Determined
9. Why did Josh hold the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event
A. To attain his goal. B. To call for more attention.
C. To win approval from the locals. D. To find sponsors for a family.
10. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean
A. He received continuous donations. B. His project became more popular.
C. He got more support from his family. D. The result was beyond expectations.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A Kindness from a Company B. The Penny House Dream
C. A Fund-raising Campaign D. A Boy with a Warm Heart
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了少年Josh Morrison立志集资10万美金为低收入家庭建造一个家，并最后成功的故事。他的事迹也告诉我们，只要我们有梦想，就要尽己所能去追求它，最终它会变成现实。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000, but it didn’t shake his faith.（许多人怀疑他能否达到10万美元的目标，但这并没有动摇他的信心。）”可知，作者想要募集10万美金的目标是非常坚定的。A. cautious谨慎的；B；straightforward直截了当的；C. open-minded思想开明的；D. determined坚定的。D选项的含义和题意吻合。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Four months before his deadline, he was $ 30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge（在截止日期前四个月，他仍然还少3万美金。他决定在Uxbridge举办一个家庭娱乐博览会和意大利面晚宴活动）”可知，作者之所以举行这个活动，是因为想募集的资金还没有到位。A选项to attain his goal(去达到他的目标)符合题意，故选A项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分前面内容“With three weeks left, a company called Josh’s house and offered to donate $18,000. Eventually, Josh reached a total of $134, 000 before the deadline.（还剩三周的时候，一家名为Josh’s House的公司提出捐款1.8万美金。最终，Josh在截至日期前的筹款总额达到了13.4万美金）”以及后面的内容“and we decided to do more（我们决定去做更多）”可知，划线句子指的是这种势头一直在持续，即他不断收到捐款。A选项He received continuous donations （他收到持续的捐款）符合题意。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Josh Morrison, 17, dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family.（17岁的Josh Morrison梦想筹集10万美金，为一个低收入家庭建造一座房子。）”以及倒数第二段“Josh’s Penny House.（乔希的硬币屋）”可知，Josh的梦想就是就是为低收入家庭建造一座房子，这也是全文的主旨。另外，Josh’s Penny House也是关键线索。B选项The Penny House Dream （硬币屋之梦）和文章的主旨不谋而合，而且也提到了关键线索penny（硬币）。故选B项。
D
Everybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night s sleep every night. They aren’t able to do their best unless they sleep well. Most experts agree that the proper number of hours is eight, and this has been accepted as common sense for as long as I can remember. However, I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that----and sometimes this influence your schoolwork.
I read an article in a teachers’ magazine recently. They did a study of 848 students in Wales. Worryingly, the results suggested that teenagers are facing a new problem. They may go to bed and get up at proper times but a growing number wake up in the middle of the night, not to use the bathroom or have a snack (点心) but because of FOMO ---- the fear of missing out!
According to the article, schoolchildren suffer (遭受痛苦) because of an increasing trend (趋势) to wake up during the night to check social media. Afraid of missing a message or chance to take part in a discussion, teens wake up at all times of the night to go online and join up with social groups. All this happens when they should be sound asleep.
The report gives some worrying numbers. 23% of 12- to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use social media. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason. As a result, one in three students are constantly tired and unable to do well at school.
So, I’d like to ask you to be responsible when it comes to social media. Be brave and turn off your phones and computers at night. The world won’t end and your social media will be waiting to greet you in the morning. I give you my word that you won’t have missed anything important.
12. What is the new trend among teenagers
A. They get up too early in the morning.
B. They have difficulty in falling asleep at night.
C. They wake up at night to get something to eat.
D. They wake up in the middle of the night to go online.
13. How did the author introduce the new trend
A. By using examples.
B. By asking questions.
C. By making a comparison.
D. By showing research findings.
14. What does the underlined word “ FOMO” mean
A. A fear of going online.
B A fear of losing touch on social media.
C. A need to go out all the time.
D. A need to use the latest technology
15. What can we learn about the author’s opinion on the new trend
A. It’s worrying.
B. It s encouraging.
C. It s hard to understand.
D. It s difficult to change.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述现在大部分中学生害怕错过社交信息，半夜醒来，并且呈现越来越严重的趋势，作者呼吁大家保证睡眠质量，睡觉的时候远离手机。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句According to the article, schoolchildren suffer because of an increasing trend to wake up during the night to check social media.(根据这篇文章，由于越来越多的人在晚上醒来查看社交媒体，学生们受到了影响。)可知，越来越多的学生半夜醒来查看社交信息，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The report gives some worrying numbers. 23% of 12- to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use social media. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason. As a result, one in three students are constantly tired and unable to do well at school.(报告给出了一些令人担忧的数字。23%的12到15岁的年轻人几乎每晚都会醒来使用社交媒体。另有15%的人出于同样的原因，每周晚上醒来一次。因此，三分之一的学生经常感到疲倦，无法在学校取得好成绩。)可知，作者列举研究报告的数据，来说明学生患FOMO的趋势，故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段because of FOMO— the fear of missing out以及第三段Afraid of missing a message or chance to take part in a discussion, teens wake up at all times of the night to go online and join up with social groups.(由于害怕错过一条信息或参加讨论的机会，青少年们夜晚醒来上网，加入社交团体。)可知FOMO是指学生害怕错过社交信息，故选B。
15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段The report gives some worrying numbers.(报告给出了一些令人担忧的数字。)可知，作者对此趋势的态度是认为它是令人担忧的，故选A。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everybody gets stressed from time to time. ___16___ Some ways of dealing with stress , like screaming or hitting someone, don't solve much. But other ways , like talking to someone you trust , can lead you to solve your problem or at least feel better.
Try taking these four steps next time you are stressed ：
Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult , such as a parent or other relatives. ___17___ They might have had similar problems , such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear , that"s not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. ___18___
Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. ___19___ Even if you cant solve it completely, you can solve a part of it.
___20___ Most stress is temporary. Remember stress doesn't go away, unless you figure out the problem and start working on solving it. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
These steps aren't magic, but they do work.
A. Be positive.
B. Then, find a way to calm down.
C. And don't forget about your friends.
D. You need to figure out what the problem is.
E. Different people feel stress in different ways.
F. Notice your friends" feelings and find a way to help them.
G. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了抵御压力的四种方法：1.寻求支持；2.不要拿自己出气；3.试着解决这个问题；4.要积极。
【16题详解】
上文提到“每个人时不时地都会有压力”，句中的gets stressed与E选项中的feel stress相呼应，可知E项“不同的人会感到不同的压力”符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
下文提到“他们可能有相似的问题，比如要应对考试”，按照逻辑推理可知与自己一样要应对考试的是自己的朋友，因此此处指的是要寻找朋友的帮助，C项“别忘了你的朋友。”符合语境。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文Don’t take it out on yourself可知，不要把压力发泄在自己身上，按照逻辑推理可知，要请一个帮手来帮你渡过难关。G项“请一个帮手来帮你渡过难关”符合语境。故选G项。
【19题详解】
本段主旨句是本段第一句“试着解决问题”。根据常识知，要解决问题，先要找到问题所在。D选项“你得弄清楚问题出在哪里”切题，下文中的it对应该选项中的the problem，故选D项。
【20题详解】
由文章结构可知，空处应是段落主旨句。根据下文if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you’ll help yourself feel better even faster(如果你能在艰难时期保持积极的心态，你会更快地让自己感觉更好。)可知，本段主要讲要积极乐观，A选项“要积极”符合语境，故选A项。
二、完型填空(每小题1分满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sometime last year, Michael Blonder began giving out reusable fabric bags with each purchase instead of disposable plastic bags at A. L. Goodies General Store, the souvenir shop he ____21____ on Main Street.
The move, Blonder said, was in anticipation of a ban on plastic bags, ____22____ the city has not made an effort to do so in more than a decade.
Eight states around the country have already ____23____ them. And in neighboring Montgomery County and Washington D.C., fees have been levied(征收)to ____24____ consumers away from using the single-use plastic bags that can ____25____ their way into nearby waterways, ____26____ storm drains and getting stuck in tree branches.
On Monday, Annapolis Alderman Rob Savidge introduced a ____27____ that would prevent any ____28____ in the city—who owns grocers, convenience stores and others-from ____29____ plastic bags at the point of sale. The Annapolis bill also ____30____ a 20-cent fee for each paper bag that’s issued only for ____31____ businesses—those with a footprint of 20,000 square feet or more.
Savidge hopes the bill will cut off the public’s ____32____ on plastic bags and help clean up pollution. But a city bill does not become a ____33____ until more procedures are done.
A ban is a(n) ____34____ part of environmental protection, said Rick Kissel, the former vice-chair of the Anne Arundel County Sierra Club. He recommended a delay in placing the ban so customers could ____35____ .
21. A. builds B. enters C. visits D. runs
22. A. though B. until C. unless D. after
23. A. sold B. banned C. reduced D. produced
24. A. introduce B. announce C. interview D. direct
25. A. lose B. find C. fight D. wind
26. A. making up B. building up C. blocking up D. showing up
27. A. bill B. note C. letter D. measure
28. A. teachers B. officers C. doctors D. shopkeepers
29. A. providing B. producing C. recycling D. employing
30. A. looks for B. calls for C. makes for D. hopes for
31. A. cleaner B. private C. public D. larger
32. A. promise B. dependence C. opinion D. income
33. A. notice B. law C. information D. rule
34. A. meaningless B. impossible C. essential D. immediate
35. A. refuse B. learn C. adjust D. understand
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。一家纪念品店的店主Michael Blonder给来自己店里购物的顾客发放布袋，而不是塑料袋，目的是希望政府能够禁止使用一次性塑料袋，以利于环境保护。同时，文章还介绍了安纳波利斯市议员Rob Savidge提出了一项法案，禁止该市所有杂货店、便利店和其他店铺的店主在销售点提供塑料袋。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年某个时候，Michael Blonder开始在他位于Main Street的纪念品商店 A. L. Goodies General Store，发放可重复使用的布袋，而不是一次性塑料袋。A. builds建造；B. enters进入；C. visits参观；D. runs跑步；经营。由空前的“giving out reusable fabric bags with each purchase”可知，Michael Blonder是纪念品店的店主，他经营这家店，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：Blonder说，这一举措是为了禁止使用塑料袋，尽管该市已经有十多年没有这样做了。A. though尽管；B. until直到；C. unless除非；D. after在……之后。根据下文“the city has not made an effort to do so in more than a decade.”可知，此处表示尽管该城市十多年来都还没有试图这样做。空处前后存在意义上的让步，故用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：全国有八个州已经禁止使用塑料袋。A. sold卖；B. banned禁止；C. reduced减少；D. produced生产。由下文中的“fees have been levied”可知，有的州征收费用引导消费者不要使用塑料袋，由此可推知，此处表示全国有8个州实施了禁令，禁止使用塑料袋，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在邻近的蒙哥马利县和华盛顿特区，政府已经开始征收费用，引导消费者不要使用一次性塑料袋，因为这些塑料袋可以进入附近的水道，堵塞排水沟，卡在树枝上。A. introduce介绍；B. announce宣布；C. interview采访；D. direct指导；引导。由上文“fees have been levied(征收) to”可知，征收费用的目的是引导消费者不使用一次性塑料袋。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在邻近的蒙哥马利县和华盛顿特区，政府已经开始征收费用，引导消费者不要使用一次性塑料袋，因为这些塑料袋可以进入附近的水道，堵塞排水沟，卡在树枝上。A. lose失去；B. find找到；C. fight斗争；D. wind弯曲前进。由下文“their way into nearby waterways”可知，此处表示一次性塑料袋会进入附近的水道。find one’s way to/into进入，到达。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在邻近的蒙哥马利县和华盛顿特区，政府已经开始征收费用，引导消费者不要使用一次性塑料袋，因为这些塑料袋可以进入附近的水道，堵塞排水沟，卡在树枝上。A. making up弥补；B. building up建造；C. blocking up阻碍；塞住，封住；D. showing up露面。由下文“storm drains”并结合常识可知，一次性塑料袋会堵塞雨水管道。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周一，安纳波利斯市议员Rob Savidge提出了一项法案，禁止该市所有杂货店、便利店和其他店铺的店主在销售点提供塑料袋。A. bill账单；法案，议案；B. note便条；C. letter信；D. measure方法。由下文中的“The Annapolis bill”可知，议员Rob Savidge提出了一项法案。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周一，安纳波利斯市议员Rob Savidge提出了一项法案，禁止该市所有杂货店、便利店和其他店铺的店主在销售点提供塑料袋。A. teachers老师；B. officers官员；C. doctors医生；D. shopkeepers店主。由破折号后面的内容“who owns grocers, convenience stores and others”可知，拥有杂货店、便利店和其他店铺的是店主。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周一，安纳波利斯市议员Rob Savidge提出了一项法案，禁止该市所有杂货店、便利店和其他店铺的店主在销售点提供塑料袋。A. providing提供；B. producing生产；C. recycling循环；D. employing雇佣。联系上下文“ prevent any_____8____in the city—who owns grocers, convenience stores and others-from____9___plastic bags at the point of sale.”可知，此处指该法案阻止店主给顾客提供塑料袋。故选A。
【30题详解】
考动词短语词义辨析。句意：安纳波利斯法案还要求，只对占地面积在2万平方英尺以上的企业，发放的每个纸袋收取20美分的费用。A. looks for寻找；B. calls for要求；C. makes for导致冲向；D. hopes for希望。由上文“The Annapolis bill also”和下文“a 20-cent fee for each paper bag”可知，此处表示安纳波利斯法案要求每个纸袋征收20美分。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安纳波利斯法案还要求，只对占地面积在2万平方英尺以上的企业，发放的每个纸袋收取20美分的费用。A. cleaner更干净的；B. private私有的；C. public公共的；D. larger更大的。根据下文中的“those with a footprint of 20,000 square feet or more”可知，占地面积在2万平方英尺以上的公司是规模较大的公司，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Savidge希望该法案能够中断公众对塑料袋的依赖，并帮助清理污染。A. promise承诺；B. dependence依靠；C. opinion观点；D. income收入。由下文“on plastic bags and help clean up pollution.”可知，此处表示Savidge希望这个法案能够中断公众对塑料袋的依赖，dependence on固定搭配，意为“对……的依赖”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，在更多的程序完成之前，一项城市法案不会成为法律。A. notice通知；B. law法律；C. information信息；D. rule规则。由上文“But a city bill does not become a”可知，此处讲述议案成为法律的过程，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：禁令是环境保护的重要组成部分，前安妮阿伦德尔县塞拉俱乐部副主席Rick Kissel说。A. meaningless无意义的；B. impossible不可能的；C. essential必要的；D. immediate立即的。由上下文“A ban is a(n)____14____part of environmental protection”可知，一项禁令是环境保护必不可少的一部分。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建议推迟实施禁令，以便客户能够作出调整。A. refuse拒绝；B. learn学习；C. adjust调整；D. understand理解。由上文中的“recommended a delay in placing the ban”可推知，他建议推迟实施这一禁令的目的是让消费者可以适应，作出调整。故选C。
三、语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Kyrgyzstan(吉尔吉斯斯坦) is a mountainous country where nearly two thirds of the people live in rural areas. The UN notes that the local economy depends ___36___(heavy)on farming. So it is rare for any Kyrgyz to choose technology ___37___ a career path.
The UN Development Programme studied records about the country’s college ___38___(graduate)in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, construction and manufacturing. It found that women make up less than 10 percent of those graduates.
Nineteen-year-old Alina Anisimova, ___39___ is a computer programmer, says some girls don’t have the courage to take on such studies because it is not common in their country. And, she also says a majority of parents discourage their daughters from ___40___(study)these subjects. Girls in her country are expected ___41___ (marry) instead of having careers. Nearly one in 10 girls in Kyrgyzstan is married before the age of 18, notes the international aid group Girls Not Brides. She wishes that in the future people will not consider it so ___42___(surprise)to see young women get involved in engineering and metal working.
Actually, the number of women in science, technology, engineering and math areas ___43___ (increase)in recent years. For example, in the US, there has been a push to get more girls interested in such subjects at ___44___ early age. Still, the UN’s cultural agency UNESCO notes that only about 30 percent of the world’s researchers ____45____ (be)women.
【答案】36. heavily
37. as 38. graduates
39. who 40. studying
41. to marry
42. surprising
43. has increased
44. an 45. are
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了在吉尔吉斯斯坦，在科技、工程、数学、建筑等领域工作的女性人数较少。文章分析了产生这一情况的原因，以及虽然在科学、技术、工程和数学领域的女性人数近年来一直在增加，但联合国教科文组织指出，世界上只有大约30%的研究人员是女性。
【36题详解】
考查副词。空处修饰动词短语depends on，故应用副词修饰。故填heavily。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：因此，吉尔吉斯人很少选择技术作为职业道路。由语境可知，空处表示“作为”，故填as。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。graduate意为“大学毕业生”，为可数名词，此处表示复数意义，故应用其复数形式。故填graduates。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Alina Anisimova，指人且在从句中做主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据短语discourage sb. from doing sth. 意为“打消某人做某事的念头”，是常用搭配。故填studying。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据短语expect sb. to do sth. 表示“期待某人做某事”，此处为其被动形式，故填to marry。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾补，应填形容词；结合语境可知，此处表示“令人吃惊的”，故填surprising。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。根据in recent years可知空处应用现在完成时。the number of. . . 意为“……数量”，作主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。故填has increased。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。根据短语at an early age表示“在很小的时候，在早年”。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知此处表示客观事实，故应用一般现在时；主语为only about 30 percent of the world’s researchers，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：
1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。
2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。
3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。
如第四小题，分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Alina Anisimova，指人且在从句中做主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。
四、根据语境填写单词或短语(每空1.5分，共22.5分)
46. Do you get very ________(懊恼的) by slow-moving traffic (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】frustrated
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你对缓慢行驶的交通感到懊恼吗？分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“懊恼的”用frustrated。故填frustrated。
47. The public are able to hold a number of apparently ________(对立的) attitudes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】contrary##opposite
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：公众可以持有一些明显相反的态度。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示“对立的”用opposite或者contrary。故填contrary/opposite。
48. To be great, you must be smart, confident, and ________(最重要的是), honest.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】above all##most important of all
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：要想成功，你必须聪明、自信，最重要的是，诚实。表示“最重要的是”用above all或者most important of all。故填above all/most important of all。
49. This struggle is sharp and ________(复杂的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】complex##complicated
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这场斗争是尖锐而复杂的。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“复杂的”用complex或者complicated。故填complex或complicated。
50. Please ________(参加) a conversation(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】participate in
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：请参与对话。表示“参加”用participate in，此处构成祈使句结构。故填participate in。
51. The president says she is ________(乐观的) that an agreement can be worked out soon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】optimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：总统表示，她对很快达成协议持乐观态度。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“乐观的”用optimistic。故填optimistic。
52. The ________(稳定的) situation of our country today was hard won. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】stable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我国今天的稳定局面来之不易。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示“稳定的”用stable。故填stable。
53. He has been a ________(始终如一的) friend to the Chinese people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】consistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是中国人民始终如一的朋友。根据汉语提示“始终如一的”及后文名词friend可知，此处可用形容词consistent作定语修饰名词。故填consistent。
54. He seems to be giving the impression that he didn't enjoy himself in Paris. __________________（正相反）,he had a wonderful time.（根据汉语意思完成句子）
【答案】On the contrary
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他给人一种似乎他在巴黎玩的不开心的映像，正相反，他玩的很开心。on the contratry是固定短语，表示“正相反”，故填On the contrary。
55. The church in Ireland has always exercised an ________(令人惊叹的) power. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】awesome
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：爱尔兰的教会一直行使着令人敬畏的权力。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是awesome意为“令人惊叹的”。故填awesome。
56. It is one of the largest shopping ________(购物商场). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】malls
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：它是最大的购物中心之一。表示“购物商场”用mall，此处构成one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数的结构，意为“最……之一”。故填malls。
57. His ________(绝望的) friends were slapping him on the back. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】desperate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他绝望的朋友们在拍他的背。名词friends前用形容词作定语。形容词“绝望的”英文为desperate。根据汉语提示及句意，故填desperate。
58. Suddenly she could ________(不再) feel the right side of her body. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】no longer
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：突然，她感觉不到自己身体的右侧了。根据汉语提示，表示“不再”用no longer。故填no longer。
59. When he got out of the bathtub, he ________(滑倒) and fell on the floor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】slipped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当他从浴缸里出来时，他滑倒在地板上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的got以及句意可知，句子描述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“滑倒”用slip。故填slipped。
60. It was ________(有雾的) outside when she left the office. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】foggy
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她离开办公室时，外面有雾。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“有雾的”用foggy。故填foggy。
五、语法知识单选题(每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
61. The reason why I didn’t go to shanghai was ______ a new job.
A. because I got B. because of getting
C. I got D. that I got
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我没有去上海的原因是我找到了一份新工作。The reason why … was that “………原因是……”that引导表语从句。在本句中为that I got。故D选项正确。
62. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was
C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他问我怎么了。分析句子，根据前文中的asked可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。同时设空处使用what引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语，what was the matter需要保持原来的疑问语序，意为“怎么了”。故选C。
63. __________ the twins waited all night outside the ward (病房), hoping to see their __________ father recover.
A. Worrying; injuring B. Worrying; injured
C. Worried; injured D. Worried; injuring
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：忧心忡忡的双胞胎在病房外等了一整夜，希望看到受伤的父亲康复。第一空用形容词作状语，表示双胞胎是担忧的，表示人的感受，用worried，意为“担忧的”；第二空意为“受伤的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词father，是injured。故选C。
64. ________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Having told B. To be told C. Being told D. Having been told
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被告知许多次后，他终于明白了。分析句子可知，空处作状语，是非谓语动词，结合句意可知，tell的行为发生在understand之前，且tell和he逻辑上是被动关系，应用现在分词完成式的被动语态having been done。故选D。
65. By the time he arrived in Beijing, we _______ there for two days.
A. will have stayed B. stay
C. have been staying D. had stayed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他到北京时，我们已经在那儿呆了两天了。根据arrived 可知，句子时态为一般过去时态，空格处的动作发生在“他到达”之前，表示“过去的过去”，为过去完成时，且主语和动词之间为主动关系，需用had done的形式。故选D项。
六、写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，最近你收到一封来自英国笔友Edward的邮件，询问你的健康生活方式。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 健康生活的意义；
2. 你对如何养成健康生活方式的建议（不少于3点）。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头与结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Edward,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Edward,
It's great to hear from you. Learning that you're curious about my opinions on a healthy lifestyle, I'd like to share some with you. In my judgment, a healthy lifestyle lays the foundation of good health which is very essential to our daily life and our future development.
To form a healthy lifestyle, we should not only have a well-balanced diet which consists of different kinds of foods but also have three meals regularly. Besides, we are supposed to take a positive attitude towards things and people around us so that we can keep mentally healthy. Furthermore, I strongly suggest taking regular exercise, like swimming, jogging, yoga, etc, which is beneficial to building up a strong body.
I hope we both can have a healthy lifestyle, thus living healthily and happily.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，最近你收到一封来自英国笔友Edward的邮件，询问你的健康生活方式。请你用英语给他回一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggest→advise
必要的：essential→necessary
此外：furthermore/besides→in addition
有益的：beneficial→helpful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To form a healthy lifestyle, we should not only have a well-balanced diet which consists of different kinds of foods but also have three meals regularly.
拓展句：We should not only have a well-balanced diet which consists of different kinds of foods but also have three meals regularly so that we can form a healthy lifestyle.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that you're curious about my opinions on a healthy lifestyle, I'd like to share some with you. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Furthermore, I strongly suggest taking regular exercise, like swimming, jogging, yoga, etc, which is beneficial to building up a strong body. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The most important change in a person’s life is the change of his or her attitude. Right attitudes produce right actions. Have you ever met someone who gave you a different view of life
On a Sunday morning, I saw something very interesting as I went to the greengrocer’s. To get there, I had to cross a bridge over railway tracks. The bridge was pretty high. A set of steep steps had to be climbed; then the bridge flattened out (变平), followed by coming down another set of steps. On my way back from the greengrocer’s, I saw an elderly gentleman running up the steps. After watching him run up the steps so fast, I thought that he could be in a rush.
Before I knew it, he had crossed the bridge, and then he ran back to where he started. To my surprise, he did not stop. He turned around, and then went up and down the bridge again. He was not struggling, and seemed to enjoy going up and down the bridge. Being a fitness fanatic (热衷于健美的人) myself, I admired his ability to Cross the bridge so quickly. My curiosity got the better of me, and I came up to him to have a chat with him.
“Excuse me, sir. Are you training for an event ” I asked.
He stopped. “No, not training for an event. Well, I am training for life,” he said with a broad smile on his face as sweat rolled down his cheeks.
I told him that I had been looking for a role model of fitness, and that I hoped to be as strong as he is when I get to his age. He said that everyone has a choice about what they do with their life. “I am not different,” he added. With much admiration, I asked, “What drives you to maintain good health ”
Then he told me the accident he met with when he was young.
Paragraph 1:
“I used to be a cyclist,” he said.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
His great determination paid off, and he was able to walk again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
“I used to be a cyclist,” he said. “Competing in cycling events is what I loved and enjoyed. “Then he told me why he stopped cycling. While cycling one day, he was hit by a car. The doctor told him that he might never walk again. He refused to believe that. So, he was determined not to let the accident prevent him from walking again.
Paragraph 2:
His great determination paid off, and he was able to walk again. His love for life and for fitness is what makes him cross the bridge many times. Moved by his story, I told him that it was an honor to meet a role model like him and that I wanted to make friends with him. He agreed happily. I shook his hand, thanked him for having a chat with me, and let him continue with his exercise. As I walked away, my admiration for him grew even more because of his attitude to life.
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者偶遇在桥上锻炼的老者，通过与他的交流和聆听他的故事，作者大受启发，对生活的态度也得以改变。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘我以前是骑自行车的，’他说。”可知，第一段可描写这一位上了年纪的绅士所述往事。
②由第二段首句内容“他的决心得到了回报，他又能走路了”可知，第二段可描写听完老者故事后，作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：老人讲述往事——骑车被撞可能失去行走能力——决心与命运斗争——付出得到回报——与老者道别和感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①参加自行车比赛：competing in cycling events/contesting in cycling events
②被车撞倒了：was hit by a car/was knocked over by a car
③他决定不：he was determined not to/he made his mind not to
情绪类
①被他的故事感动：Moved by his story/touched by his story
②愉快同意：agreed happily/agreed gladly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Then he told me why he stopped cycling.(运用了why引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] While cycling one day, he was hit by a car.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句和状语从句的省略)
[高分句型3] Moved by his story, I told him that it was an honor to meet a role model like him and that I wanted to make friends with him.(运用了过去分词作原因状语和that引导的宾语从句)
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