2023-2024河南省周口市川汇区高三上学期11月期中英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版）

2023-2024学年度（上）周口恒大中学高三期中考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mobile Loaves & Fishes
Mobile Loaves & Fishes (MLFY) is a social service organization that has been changing communities into a lifestyle of service with the homeless. Founded in 1998 in Austin, Texas, the organization provides services through three main programs.
Truck Ministry
Mobile Loaves & Fishes' food truck volunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year to serve the homeless, delivering food, clothing, hygiene products and other life items. With the support of more than 19, 000 volunteers and over 5 million meals served, Mobile Loaves & Fishes is the largest prepared feeding program to the homeless and working poor in Austin, Texas.
Community First Village
Community First Village is a 51-acre master planned community that provides affordable, permanent housing and a supportive community for the disabled and homeless in Central Texas. Since 2005, this transformative residential program has been a part of Mobile Loaves & Fishes and has become the largest community-based model in the country lifting homeless men and women up off the streets into community and home.
Community Works
Mobile Loaves & Fishes developed the Community Works program at Community First Village. It provides job opportunities for the residents who are coming out of homelessness to earn an income. In addition, the program requests Mobile Loaves & Fishes volunteers to serve alongside and build enduring relationships with our friends as they develop new skills.
Opportunities for more volunteers
Thank you for your interest in Mobile Loaves & Fishes! We have a variety of volunteer opportunities. Please read the service requirements carefully before your application to fulfill service hours with MLF.
●Volunteer shifts are made available on a first-come, first-served basis.
●ALL volunteers under the age of 18 MUST be accompanied by an adult.
●All volunteers must wear specific clothing and shoes for that job.
●Volunteers must arrive on time or their shift will be rescheduled upon arrival.
1. What does Truck Ministry do with the homeless
A. It removes them out of streets. B. It offers them job opportunities.
C. It provides them a permanent house. D. It delivers them more than a sandwich.
2. What do the residents of the Community Works do
A. They become volunteers of MLF. B. They are offered work to get money.
C. They prepare food for the program. D. They build relationships with friends.
3. What is the purpose of the last part of the text
A. To encourage donation. B. To introduce the MLF.
C. To provide new services. D. To advertise for more volunteers.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章是社会服务组织Mobile Loaves & Fishes招聘更多志愿者的广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Truck Ministry部分的“Mobile Loaves & Fishes' food truck volunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year to serve the homeless, delivering food, clothing, hygiene products and other life items.( Mobile Loaves & Fishes的餐车志愿者每周7晚、一年365天走上街头，为无家可归者提供服务，运送食物、衣服、卫生用品和其他生活用品)”可知，Truck Ministry不仅仅为无家可归者提供三明治。故选D项。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Community Works部分的“It provides job opportunities for the residents who are coming out of homelessness to earn an income.(它为无家可归的居民提供了获得收入的工作机会)”可知，Community Works的居民被提供给工作赚钱。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thank you for your interest in Mobile Loaves & Fishes! We have a variety of volunteer opportunities. Please read the service requirements carefully before your application to fulfill service hours with MLF.( 谢谢你对Mobile Loaves & Fishes的兴趣！我们有各种各样的做志愿者的机会。请在申请前仔细阅读服务要求，以完成服务时间。)”可推断，本段的目的是招聘更多的志愿者。故选D项。
B
Nobody ever imagined that after being lost for more than half a century, the intangible cultural heritage known as Gaolou Mixian would be restored and passed down by a young man. “As someone of Gaolou origin, I have a responsibility to restore our ancestors’ art form,” said Chen Guorui, the world’s only inheritor of this ancient art.
Gaolou Mixian uses rice paste(米糊)to glue together selected grains of transparent rice to create realistic figures or structures. It is a unique folk art that developed during the Qing Dynasty and reached its peak during the first half of the 20th century. Each household in Gaolou village would make rice structures that they put on display in their ancestral halls during the Chinese New Year, which attracted people from all sides.
However, due to the wet weather in southern China, these rice-made artworks would only last three to four months before losing their shape. It is for this reason that these works are not seen in museums in China. Due to various historical reasons, most people in Gaolou village did not pass down the art form, which caused it to disappear nearly 70 years ago.
Chen found out about this after hearing one former resident express disappointment about its loss. Curious, he started to do research and tried out the methods he heard about from older people in the village. After several months of exploration, Chen finally completed his first successful work.
Over the past five years, Chen has gradually improved his skills and even begun using new techniques, such as creating some colorful artworks with colored grains of rice. Since 2017, people at home and abroad have taken an interest in this long-lost art form. To avoid being the last inheritor(传承者), Chen has been giving classes to some students at a primary school in Fuzhou with the support of local education authorities.
4. What do we know about Gaolou Mixian
A. It is mainly made of rice. B. It is stable in wet environment.
C. It is a popular art form nationwide. D. It was created for religious reasons.
5. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. The technique of the artworks. B. The disappearance of the art form.
C. The disappointment of the villagers. D. The reason why the artworks lose their shape.
6. To train more inheritors, what has Chen Guorui done
A. Giving classes to primary students. B. Creating many colorful artworks.
C. Improving his skills. D. Asking older villagers for suggestions.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Chen Guorui’s Successful Works.
B. A Popular Folk Art of A Chinese Village.
C. The Restoration of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
D. A Long-lost Chinese Art Form and its Restoration.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，以及年轻人陈国锐为传承和发扬这一艺术所做的努力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Gaolou Mixian uses rice paste (米糊) to glue together selected grains of transparent rice to create realistic figures or structures.(高楼米线用米糊把精选的透明米粒粘在一起，创造出逼真的人物或结构)”可知，高楼米线是用米糊粘大米制作的手工艺品，主要是由大米制成。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Due to various historical reasons, most people in Gaolou village did not pass down the art form, which caused it to disappear nearly 70 years ago.(由于各种历史原因，高楼村的大多数人都没有把这门艺术传承下去，导致它在近70年前消失了)”可知，高楼米线由于无人传承，最终消失了。结合划线词所在句“Chen found out about this after hearing one former resident express disappointment about its loss.(陈是在听到一名前居民对失去它感到失望后才知道的)”和指代关系可推知，指示代词this指代的是上文中高楼米线这种艺术形式的消失。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“To avoid being the last inheritor (传承者), Chen has been giving classes to some students at a primary school in Fuzhou with the support of local education authorities.(为了避免成为最后一名继承人，在当地教育部门的支持下，陈一直在福州一所小学给一些学生上课)”可知，为了培养更多的继承者，陈在给小学生上课。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合文章第一段“Nobody ever imagined that after being lost for more than half a century, the intangible cultural heritage known as Gaolou Mixian would be restored and passed down by a young man.(谁也没有想到，失去半个多世纪的非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，会被一个年轻人修复并传承下去)”可知，文章介绍了非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，以及年轻人陈国锐为传承和发扬这一艺术所做的努力。所以“A Long-lost Chinese Art Form and its Restoration.(失传已久的中国艺术形式及其复新)”是最佳标题。故选D项。
C
In the modern world more and more people meet the problem of identity.The most interesting example is that of a so – called “banana”, which refers to an American who has an Asian face but holds Western values.
In Shanghai, there now live a group of people from abroad.They look no different from the locals and speak fluent Chinese or even Shanghai dialect, but when it comes to writing Chinese characters, they are almost illiterate（文盲）.Jack is such an example.He never learned to read or write Chinese characters, which he finds mysterious and difficult.From time to time, he files to the US as he does not feel Shanghai is where he comes from.“But when I am in the States, I feel that’s not my home either,” he said.
At De Gaulle Airport in France, there is a Swiss man who has been living in the waiting – room for a long time because he lost h is passport during his travels.He was refused entry into several countries.But when he was eventually allowed to return to Swizerland, he refused to leave the airport.His reason was very simple—“I am sure who I am.I need no acknowledgement from others,” he said during an interview.For th is reason he was honored by the Western media as “the Hero of identity.”
As the Internet becomes more and more popular, the problem of identity becomes more serious.In a virtual world, people can have different addresses registered with different names.In the Internet chat room, even one’s gender（性别） is hard to determine.It seems that in the glohal village, people are saying hello every day to each other without knowing whom they are talking to.
What will be the next crisis（危机） of identity With the development of cloning technology, it might be: who is the real “I”
8. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The importance of identity.
B. The crisis of identity.
C. Differences between Eastern and Western cultures.
D. Difficulty in living in foreign counties.
9. The Swiss man had to live in De Gaulle Airport in France because ____.
A. he needed to board a plane at any time
B. he couldn’t afford to live in a hotel
C. he needed others acknowledgement
D. he couldn’t prove who he was
10. A "banana" in the passage is in fact an ____ .
A. American traveling to Asia B. American keeping Eastern culture
C. American born in Asia D. America-born Asian
11. We can infer from the passage that the author believes ____ .
A. there will be more problems relating to identity in the future
B. Internet technology helps solve problems of identity
C. only people traveling abroad have problems of identity
D. people don’t need to worry about identity
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当今社会，人们遇到的身份认同这一问题。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“In the modern world more and more people meet the problem of identity.”（在现代世界中，越来越多的人遇到身份认同的问题）可知，本文主要介绍了当今社会，人们遇到的身份认同这一问题，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“At De Gaulle Airport in France, there is a Swiss man who has been living in the waiting – room for a long time because he lost h is passport during his travels”（在法国戴高乐机场，有一名瑞士男子，由于旅行中丢失了护照，他已经在候机室住了很长时间）可知，瑞士男子滞留在法国戴高乐机场是因为他丢失了护照，不能证明自己的身份，故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The most interesting example is that of a so – called “banana”, which refers to an American who has an Asian face but holds Western values.”（有趣的例子是所谓的“香蕉”，指的是一个有着亚洲人面孔但持有西方价值观的美国人）可知，“香蕉”指的是在出生在美国的亚洲人，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What will be the next crisis（危机） of identity With the development of cloning technology, it might be: who is the real “I” ”（下一次身份危机会是什么？随着克隆技术的发展，可能是：谁才是真正的“我”？）可知，将来会有更多与身份相关的问题，故选A。
D
Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received when she was a student learning painting. On Friday morning, she felt so thankful for having got the training.
On Thursday night, while Pina was looking after her granddaughter, nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire. When her 4-year-old granddaughter Garcia began saying, “we’re going to die”, she knew she had to act. Pina first closed the door, and then told all four children to lie on the floor. After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them whatever they wanted to have as soon as they reached safety.
“I said, ‘OK, we’re going to lie down and we’re all going to play a game,’” Pina said. “We all started singing our ABCs and 123s. I was just trying to make it fun.”
Pina waited with patience and a few minutes later, firefighters arrived. Pina and the children were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first floor.
Pina did the only thing she could. She opened the window and dropped the children, one by one, into the arms of the firefighters’ about 15-20 feet below.
“I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be frightened,” Pina said. “I was actually afraid inside, but I couldn’t let them know that.”
After the children was saved, firefighters rescued Pina with a ladder. Ten people were sent to hospital for suffering smoke, but nobody was seriously injured or killed.
12. Which is the right order of what Pina did according to Paragragh2
a. told the children to lie on the floor
b. let the children start singing
c. closed the door
d. called 911
A. a-c-d-b B. a-b-c-d C. c-d-a-b D. c-a-d-b
13. Why did Pina and the children start to sing songs
A. To make herself not afraid. B. To spent time waiting for rescue.
C. To help calm down the children. D. To practice the fire safety training.
14. From the text, we know that _________.
A. during the fire Pina wasn’t afraid at all
B. Lisa Pina was the first to be saved
C. the children were sent to hospital after the fire
D. the fire didn’t cause any death
15. Which of the following words can best describe Pina
A. Helpless. B. Brave. C. Hardworking. D. Frightened.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Lisa Pina运用曾经学习过的消防安全培训内容，在火灾发生时，成功救出被困的孩子们并进行自救的故事。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Pina first closed the door, and then told all four children to lie on the floor. After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them whatever they wanted to have as soon as they reached safety.”（Pina先把门关上，然后叫四个孩子躺在地板上。在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）可知，Pina行为的顺序是“关门——让孩子们躺在地板上——拨打911——让孩子们开始唱歌”。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When her 4-year-old granddaughter Garcia began saying, “we’re going to die”, she knew she had to act.”（当她4岁的孙女加西亚开始说：“我们要死了”时，她知道自己必须行动起来。）及“After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them whatever they wanted to have as soon as they reached safety.”（在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）及倒数第二段“I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be frightened”（我只是需要让孩子们保持冷静，这样他们就不会害怕 ）可推知，当Pina听到孙女很害怕时，她行动起来，带着孩子们一起唱歌，找些乐子，是为了帮助在惊恐中的孩子们平静下来。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Ten people were sent to hospital for suffering smoke, but nobody was seriously injured or killed.”（10人因浓烟被送往医院，但没有人严重受伤或死亡。）可知，这场火灾没有造成任何人死亡。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Pina first closed the door, and then told all four children to lie on the floor. After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them whatever they wanted to have as soon as they reached safety.”（Pina先把门关上，然后叫四个孩子躺在地板上。在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）及倒数第二段“I was actually afraid inside, but I couldn’t let them know that.”（我内心其实很害怕，但我不能让他们知道。）并结合全文描述Pina带领孩子们脱困的过程可知，Pina遇到火灾，虽然内心害怕，但是仍然镇定安慰受惊的孩子，同时进行自救，最后大家都成功获救，因此，Pina是勇敢的。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that as you are boarding an airplane, half the engineers who built the plane tell you there is a 10 percent chance the plane will crash, killing you and everyone else on board. Would you still board
In 2022, over 700 top academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence companies were asked in a survey about future AI risk. Half of those surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent or greater chance of human extinction from future AI systems. ____16____
The fear of AI has haunted humanity since the mid-20th century, yet until recently it has remained a distant prospect, something that belongs in sci-fi more than in serious scientific and political debates. ____17____ It is even harder to grasp the speed at which these tools are developing even more advanced and powerful capabilities. But most of the key skills boil down to one thing: the ability to manipulate (操纵) and generate language, whether with words, sounds or images.
In the beginning was the word. ____18____ From language emerges myth and law, goods and money, art and science, friendships and nations—even computer code. AI’s new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization. What would it mean for humans to live in a world where a large percentage of stories, melodies, images, laws, policies and tools are shaped by non-human intelligence ____19____What happens when the same thing occurs in art, politics, and even religion
____20____We are surrounded by culture, experiencing reality through a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reports of journalists and the accounts of friends. What will it be like to experience reality through a prism produced by non-human intelligence The time to reckon with AI is before our politics, our economy and our daily life become dependent on it.
A. Humans often don’t have direct access to reality.
B. Language is the operating system of human culture.
C. In games like chess, no human can hope to beat a computer.
D. By gaining mastery of language, AI is seizing the master key to civilization.
E. Technology companies are caught in a race to put all of humanity on that plane.
F. For thousands of years we humans have lived inside the dreams of other humans.
G. It’s difficult for human minds to grasp the capabilities of GPT-4 and similar tools.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工智能可能让人类面临巨大危机。
【16题详解】
根据上文“In 2022, over 700 top academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence companies were asked in a survey about future AI risk. Half of those surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent or greater chance of human extinction from future AI systems.(2022年，一项关于未来人工智能风险的调查询问了700多名顶尖学者和领先人工智能公司背后的研究人员。一半的受访者表示，未来的人工智能系统有10%或更大的可能性导致人类灭绝)”结合第一段提到让人们登上有10%坠机可能的飞机，以及下文陈述人工智能将让人类面临危机可知，技术（人工智能）让所有人类都登上了这家可能坠毁的“飞机”。E项“Technology companies are caught in a race to put all of humanity on that plane.(科技公司陷入了一场让全人类都登上这架飞机的竞赛)”符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文“It is even harder to grasp the speed at which these tools are developing even more advanced and powerful capabilities.(要掌握这些工具开发更先进、更强大功能的速度就更难了)”中的even harder推知，空处陈述了一种人类难以掌握的工具。G项“It’s difficult for human minds to grasp the capabilities of GPT-4 and similar tools.(人类很难掌握GPT-4和类似工具的功能)”符合题意，difficult呼应下文harder， 下文thesd tools指代选项中的GPT-4 and similar tools。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文“From language emerges myth and law, goods and money, art and science, friendships and nations—even computer code. (从语言中产生了神话和法律、商品和金钱、艺术和科学、友谊和国家，甚至计算机代码)”可知，语言对人类来说尤为重要。再结合“AI’s new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统)”推知，语言之所以重要是因为它是人类的操作系统。B项“Language is the operating system of human culture.(语言是人类文化的操作系统)”符合题意。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“AI’s new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统)”和下文“What happens when the same thing occurs in art, politics, and even religion (当同样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时会发生什么？)”推知，空处提到了一种人工智能操纵或者打败人类的情况，而当这样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时可能会产生难以预料的后果。C项“In games like chess, no human can hope to beat a computer.(在像国际象棋这样的游戏中，没有人能指望打败电脑)”符合语境，下文的“the same thing”指代选项内容。故选C。
【20题详解】
空处位于段首，应总起下文。根据下文“We are surrounded by culture, experiencing reality through a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reports of journalists and the accounts of friends. What will it be like to experience reality through a prism produced by non-human intelligence (我们被文化包围，通过文化棱镜体验现实。记者的报道和朋友的描述塑造了我们的观点。通过非人类智慧产生的棱镜来体验现实会是什么样子？)”可知，我们的观点通常都是根据记者的报道和朋友的描述形成的，由此推知，人类很少直接接触现实。A项“Humans often don’t have direct access to reality.(人类通常无法直接接触现实)”符合题意，总起下文，reality是关键词。故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In interviews, famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But ____21____ a skill, even one that you deeply love, calls for plenty of drills. Any challenging activity —from computer programming to playing a musical instrument to athletics — requires ____22____ practice. A perfect golf swing or faultless butterfly stroke (蝶泳) takes countless hours of practice and repetitions to perfect.
Anyone who wants to have a good command of a skill must go through the ____23____ of practice, critical feedback, polish, and increasing improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take ____24____ in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be ____25____ or boring. Why
The ____26____ may depend on the ability to enter into a state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely involved in what you are doing. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has definite goals and where the individual is able to ____27____ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most ____28____ entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality” — a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills and they have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards have a great____29____ over others in developing their innate (天生的) abilities. But how can we get into flow state for an activity so that we enjoy both the process of improving skills and the ____30____ of being a master？
____31____ for those of us who don’t necessarily possess an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be ____32____ by environmental factors. For instance, in Montessori schools, students do not study by following direct instruction. ____33____, they are encouraged to develop and pursue personal petition is ____34____ and grading is not emphasized. Students are grouped together according to shared interests, rather than separated by ability.
While there isn’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice into an exciting activity for anyone, it is comforting that we seem to be able to advance into flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimum distractions and task set at moderate level of ____35____, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing.
21. A. functioning B. stimulating C. enriching D. mastering
22. A. fixed B. concentrated C. paralleled D. instructed
23. A. transformation B. substitute C. cycle D. condition
24. A. role B. pleasure C. an interest D. part
25. A. poisonous B. rewarding C. ignorant D. frustrating
26. A. objection B. distinction C. principle D. standard
27. A. apply B. devote C. adjust D. expose
28. A. deliberately B. readily C. hesitantly D. flexibly
29. A. feature B. control C. advantage D. sympathy
30. A. security B. jealousy C. reward D. contribution
31. A. Unexpectedly B. Fortunately C. Typically D. Obviously
32. A. cultivated B. extended C. influenced D. bridged
33. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Instead
34. A. advocated B. suspended C. discouraged D. observed
35. A. priority B. difficulty C. curiosity D. identity
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一遍又一遍的练习。一些人能够集中精力练习这样的活动，并且喜欢这种过程，而另一些人则觉得集中精力、耗费时间的工作令人沮丧。这主要是因为“心流状态”——一种完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。文章介绍了心流状态的特点和容易进入心流状态的人的特点，以及有证据表明环境因素可以培养心流状态。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但掌握一项技能，即使是你深爱的技能，也需要大量的练习。A. functioning工作，运转；B. stimulating促进，激发；C. enriching使充实，使丰富；D. mastering掌握。根据本句中“calls for plenty of drills”及下文“Anyone who wants to have a good command of a skill must go through the ____3____ of practice”可知，此处指“掌握”一项技能。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何具有挑战性的活动——从计算机编程到演奏乐器再到体育运动——都需要专注的练习。A. fixed固定的；B. concentrated集中的，全神贯注的；C. paralleled平行的；D. instructed受教育的，得到指示的。结合语境可知，此处指“任何具有挑战性的活动都需要专注的练习”。下一段中的“Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity…”及“Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work…”均是提示。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一个循环：练习、批评反馈、润色和一次又一次的提高。A. transformation转变；B. substitute替代物；C. cycle循环；D. condition条件。根据“practice, critical feedback, polish, and increasing improvement again, again, and again.”可知，这种练习需要一遍又一遍地循环。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义和短语辨析。句意：有些人似乎能够专注于练习这样的活动多年，并从他们的逐渐进步中获得乐趣。A. role角色，作用；B. pleasure快乐，乐趣；C. an interest兴趣；D. part部分，角色。根据“Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years”可知，这些人能够专注于练习有挑战性的活动多年，可见他们对自己取得进步感到快乐。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但也有人认为这种专注、耗时的工作令人沮丧或无聊。A. poisonous有毒的；B. rewarding值得的，有意义的；C. ignorant无知的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。空处和boring是并列意义，frustrating“令人沮丧的”可以承接time-intensive的语义，可以体现工作因费时而令人沮丧的逻辑，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种差异可能取决于进入“心流”状态的能力，即完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。A. objection反对；B. distinction区别，差异；C. principle原则；D. standard标准。结合上文可知有些人喜欢这种循环的状态，而一些人觉得沮丧，这是一种差异。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“心流”状态可以发生在任何活动的过程中，当任务有明确的目标，并且个体能够调整自己的表现以获得清晰和即时的反馈时，这种状态最常见。A. apply申请；B. devote献身，致力；C. adjust调整；D. expose暴露。结合后文“their performance to clear and immediate feedback”可推知是调整个人的表现以获得清晰和即时的反馈。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Csikszentmihalyi认为，那些最容易进入心流状态的人具有“自成性格”，一种寻找挑战并进入心流状态的倾向。A. deliberately故意地；B. readily容易地，乐意地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. flexibly灵活地。结合后文“had an ‘autotelic personality’ — a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow.”可知，拥有“自成性格”的人更容易进入心流状态。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人拥有专注于任务而不是奖励的能力，在发展他们的天生能力方面比其他人有很大的优势。A. feature特点；B. control控制；C. advantage优点，优势；D. sympathy同情心。根据“with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards”可知，具有专注于任务而不是奖励能力的人应是在发展天性方面有优势。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们如何在一个活动中进入“心流”状态，既享受提高技能的过程，又享受成为大师的回报呢？A. security安全；B. jealousy嫉妒，羡慕；C. reward奖励，回报；D. contribution贡献。根据上文“Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards…”可知，容易进入“心流”状态的人专注于任务而不是奖励，此处问如何才能进入“心流”状态时拥有两者，即享受技能的提高，也能有成为大师的奖励，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。A. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Typically典型地，通常；D. Obviously显而易见地。结合后文“there is evidence that flow states can be ____12____ by environmental factors.”可知，虽然我们不一定拥有自成性格，但是幸运地是（Fortunately），有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。A. cultivated培养，栽培；B. extended延申，扩大；C. influenced影响；D. bridged消除（隔阂）。结合空后的“by environmental factors”及下文Montessori学校通过鼓励学生发展个人兴趣而不鼓励竞争和排名，从而让学生更容易进入心流状态的例子可知，心流状态可以由环境因素培养。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣。A. Otherwise否则，不然；B. Therefore因此；C. Furthermore而且；D. Instead相反。结合上一句“students do not study by following direct instruction.”可知，学生不按照直接的指示学习，相反，他们被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不鼓励竞争，不强调评分。A. advocated提倡；B. suspended停止；C. discouraged使泄气，使打消念头；D. observed观察。结合上文“students do not study by following direct instruction.”及空后“and grading is not emphasized”可知，学生被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣，不鼓励竞争，也不强调评分。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过给自己无组织和开放的时间、最小的干扰和设置中等难度的任务，当我们努力练习我们喜欢做的事情时，我们可能会爱上我们正在做的事情。A. priority优先权；B. difficulty困难；C. curiosity好奇心；D. identity身份。根据“unstructured, open-ended time, minimum distractions”可知，此处是让自己更容易进入心流状态的一些条件，“中等难度的任务”符合语境。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Contrary to ____36____ some people might assume, evidence ____37____ (show) that sharks seldom attack humans. There are three types of shark attacks. In the main type, the shark attacks you because it mistakes you ____38____ a fish, ____39____ when it tastes human flesh, it decides ____40____ (give) up and swims away. In the second type, the shark ____41____ (push) you with ____42____ nose to find out if you are fit to be eaten, and then bites you ____43____ it thinks you are. In the third type, the shark waits for you to swim by, and then attacks you all of ____44____ sudden. The last two types of attack more often result in the _____45_____ (die) of humans.
【答案】36. what
37. shows 38. for
39. but 40. to give
41. pushes 42. its
43. if##when
44. a 45. death
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种常见的鲨鱼攻击人类的情况。
【36题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：与一些人的假设相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，作“Contrary to”的宾语，从句中缺少“assume”的宾语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：与一些人的假设相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，“show”意为“表明”，动词词性，句子主语“evidence”为不可数名词，故应用“show”的三单形式“shows”。故填shows。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“mistake…for…”，意为“把……误认为……”，故空格处应用介词“for”。故填for。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中“鲨鱼攻击你”和“它决定放弃并游走”之间为转折关系，故应用连词“but”连接，意为“但是”，表转折。故填but。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“decide to do sth.”，意为“决定做某事”，“give up”意为“放弃”，故空格处应填“to give”。故填to give。
41题详解】
考查时态。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“push”意为“推”，动词词性，句子主语为“shark”，为可数名词单数，故空格处应用“push”的三单形式“pushes”。故填pushes。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，“nose”为名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰，句子主语为“shark”，指鲨鱼会用它的鼻子推你，故空格处应用“its”，意为“它的”，为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【43题详解】
考查从属连词。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，当句子为时间状语从句时，空格处应用“when”引导从句，意为“当……时”，指当它认为你适合时，就会咬你；当句子为条件状语从句时，空格处应用“if”引导从句，意为“如果”，指如果它认为你适合，就会咬你。故填if/when。
【44题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在第三种情况下，鲨鱼会等着你游过去，然后突然攻击你。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“all of a sudden”，意为“突然地”，故空格处应填“a”。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：最后两种类型的攻击通常会导致人类死亡。分析句子可知，定冠词“the”后接名词，作“result in”的宾语，“die”为动词，对应的名词为“death”，意为“死亡”，为不可数名词。故填death。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你想邀请你的英国好友Alex来中国过春节，他对中国的传统节日很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
1. 向对方发出邀请；
2. 对春节进行简单的介绍：春节的由来，庆祝方式等；
3. 期待他早日来中国共度佳节，感受节日气氛。
注意：词数120左右;
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Alex,
How is everything going I’m glad to have received your letter in which you asked me about the Spring Festival in China and I’m writing to tell you some details.
The Spring Festival falls on the first day of the first lunar month which is the most important festival celebrated in China. People engage in many traditional customs such as putting up decorations, eating a reunion dinner with family, setting off fireworks, and receiving red envelopes as well as other gifts. Additionally, various traditional food is served, including jiaozi. On New Year’s Eve, families usually get together and watch the Spring Festival Gala hosted by CCTV. It’s a custom for us Chinese to visit our relatives during the festival when Children are extremely happy because they can receive lucky money from the elderly.
On behalf of my family, I sincerely invite you to China to experience a wonderful Spring Festival. Looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你想邀请你的英国好友Alex来中国过春节，他对中国的传统节日很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad →pleased
此外：additionally →besides
各种各样的：various →varieties of
走访：visit →pay a visit to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On New Year’s Eve, families usually get together and watch the Spring Festival Gala hosted by CCTV.
拓展句：On New Year’s Eve, families usually get together and watch the Spring Festival Gala hosted by CCTV, which is the most popular program in China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to have received your letter in which you asked me about the Spring Festival in China and I’m writing to tell you some details.（运用了“介词+which”引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s a custom for us Chinese to visit our relatives during the festival when Children are extremely happy because they can receive lucky money from the elderly.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语、when引导的定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 读后续写(需要使用划线词)
Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With a checklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They sought a university that offered the teenager’s intended major, one located near a large city, and a campus where their daughter would be safe.
“The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn’t alone in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked: what about crime But when college officials always gave the same answer- “That’s not a problem here,” --Mahoney began to feel uneasy.
“No crime whatsoever ” comments Mahoney today. “I just don’t buy it. ” Nor should he: in 1999 the U.S. Department of education had reports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses. “Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college,” says David Nichols, author of Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation."
But getting accurate information isn’t easy. Colleges must report crime statistics by law, but some hold back for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest ones looking dangerous. “The truth may not always be serious,” warms S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc., the nation’s leading campus safety watchdog group.
To help concerned parents,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find out major crime issues and effective solutions. It’s important to have a clear set of criteria in mind. As Joe Mahoney noted, parents should also make sure to voice their concerns about campus safety and ask for specific information from college officials. It’s also worth acknowledging that campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation. Unfortunately, crime is a reality in many parts of our society, and college campuses are no exception. Finally, it’s important to recognize that some colleges may hold back crime statistics for fear of bad publicity. This is a concerning trend that undermines the safety of both current and prospective students. As such, parents and students should support organizations like Security on Campus, Inc. that advocate for transparency and improved safety measures.
【解析】
【导语】本文以安全为线索展开，文章以Mahoney一家为女儿寻找学校为例介绍了美国校园安全问题。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由首句内容“为了帮助忧心忡忡的家长，”可知，后文可描写解决校园安全有效的解决方案。
2.续写线索：找出问题——标准——了解——增加透明度——改进安全措施
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.参观：visit /pay a visit to
②.表达：voice /express
③.承认：recognize / acknowledge
情绪类
①.不幸的是：unfortunately / unluckily
②.担心：fear / anxiety
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It’s important to have a clear set of criteria in mind.（运用了it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式）
[高分句型2]. It’s also worth acknowledging that campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation.（运用了主语从句）2023-2024学年度（上）周口恒大中学高三期中考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mobile Loaves & Fishes
Mobile Loaves & Fishes (MLFY) is a social service organization that has been changing communities into a lifestyle of service with the homeless. Founded in 1998 in Austin, Texas, the organization provides services through three main programs.
Truck Ministry
Mobile Loaves & Fishes' food truck volunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year to serve the homeless, delivering food, clothing, hygiene products and other life items. With the support of more than 19, 000 volunteers and over 5 million meals served, Mobile Loaves & Fishes is the largest prepared feeding program to the homeless and working poor in Austin, Texas.
Community First Village
Community First Village is a 51-acre master planned community that provides affordable, permanent housing and a supportive community for the disabled and homeless in Central Texas. Since 2005, this transformative residential program has been a part of Mobile Loaves & Fishes and has become the largest community-based model in the country lifting homeless men and women up off the streets into community and home.
Community Works
Mobile Loaves & Fishes developed the Community Works program at Community First Village. It provides job opportunities for the residents who are coming out of homelessness to earn an income. In addition, the program requests Mobile Loaves & Fishes volunteers to serve alongside and build enduring relationships with our friends as they develop new skills.
Opportunities for more volunteers
Thank you for your interest in Mobile Loaves & Fishes! We have a variety of volunteer opportunities. Please read the service requirements carefully before your application to fulfill service hours with MLF.
●Volunteer shifts are made available on a first-come, first-served basis.
●ALL volunteers under the age of 18 MUST be accompanied by an adult.
●All volunteers must wear specific clothing and shoes for that job.
●Volunteers must arrive on time or their shift will be rescheduled upon arrival.
1. What does Truck Ministry do with the homeless
A. It removes them out of streets. B. It offers them job opportunities.
C. It provides them a permanent house. D. It delivers them more than a sandwich.
2. What do the residents of the Community Works do
A. They become volunteers of MLF. B. They are offered work to get money.
C. They prepare food for the program. D. They build relationships with friends.
3. What is the purpose of the last part of the text
A. To encourage donation. B. To introduce the MLF.
C To provide new services. D. To advertise for more volunteers.
B
Nobody ever imagined that after being lost for more than half a century, the intangible cultural heritage known as Gaolou Mixian would be restored and passed down by a young man. “As someone of Gaolou origin, I have a responsibility to restore our ancestors’ art form,” said Chen Guorui, the world’s only inheritor of this ancient art.
Gaolou Mixian uses rice paste(米糊)to glue together selected grains of transparent rice to create realistic figures or structures. It is a unique folk art that developed during the Qing Dynasty and reached its peak during the first half of the 20th century. Each household in Gaolou village would make rice structures that they put on display in their ancestral halls during the Chinese New Year, which attracted people from all sides.
However, due to the wet weather in southern China, these rice-made artworks would only last three to four months before losing their shape. It is for this reason that these works are not seen in museums in China. Due to various historical reasons, most people in Gaolou village did not pass down the art form, which caused it to disappear nearly 70 years ago.
Chen found out about this after hearing one former resident express disappointment about its loss. Curious, he started to do research and tried out the methods he heard about from older people in the village. After several months of exploration, Chen finally completed his first successful work.
Over the past five years, Chen has gradually improved his skills and even begun using new techniques, such as creating some colorful artworks with colored grains of rice. Since 2017, people at home and abroad have taken an interest in this long-lost art form. To avoid being the last inheritor(传承者), Chen has been giving classes to some students at a primary school in Fuzhou with the support of local education authorities.
4. What do we know about Gaolou Mixian
A. It is mainly made of rice. B. It is stable in wet environment.
C. It is a popular art form nationwide. D. It was created for religious reasons.
5. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. The technique of the artworks. B. The disappearance of the art form.
C. The disappointment of the villagers. D. The reason why the artworks lose their shape.
6. To train more inheritors, what has Chen Guorui done
A. Giving classes to primary students. B. Creating many colorful artworks.
C. Improving his skills. D. Asking older villagers for suggestions.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Chen Guorui’s Successful Works.
B. A Popular Folk Art of A Chinese Village.
C. The Restoration of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
D. A Long-lost Chinese Art Form and its Restoration.
C
In the modern world more and more people meet the problem of identity.The most interesting example is that of a so – called “banana” which refers to an American who has an Asian face but holds Western values.
In Shanghai, there now live a group of people from abroad.They look no different from the locals and speak fluent Chinese or even Shanghai dialect, but when it comes to writing Chinese characters, they are almost illiterate（文盲）.Jack is such an example.He never learned to read or write Chinese characters, which he finds mysterious and difficult.From time to time, he files to the US as he does not feel Shanghai is where he comes from.“But when I am in the States, I feel that’s not my home either,” he said.
At De Gaulle Airport in France, there is a Swiss man who has been living in the waiting – room for a long time because he lost h is passport during his travels.He was refused entry into several countries.But when he was eventually allowed to return to Swizerland, he refused to leave the airport.His reason was very simple—“I am sure who I am.I need no acknowledgement from others,” he said during an interview.For th is reason he was honored by the Western media as “the Hero of identity.”
As the Internet becomes more and more popular, the problem of identity becomes more serious.In a virtual world, people can have different addresses registered with different names.In the Internet chat room, even one’s gender（性别） is hard to determine.It seems that in the glohal village, people are saying hello every day to each other without knowing whom they are talking to.
What will be the next crisis（危机） of identity With the development of cloning technology, it might be: who is the real “I”
8. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The importance of identity.
B. The crisis of identity.
C. Differences between Eastern and Western cultures.
D. Difficulty in living in foreign counties.
9. The Swiss man had to live in De Gaulle Airport in France because ____.
A. he needed to board a plane at any time
B. he couldn’t afford to live in a hotel
C. he needed others acknowledgement
D. he couldn’t prove who he was
10. A "banana" in the passage is in fact an ____ .
A. American traveling to Asia B. American keeping Eastern culture
C. American born in Asia D. America-born Asian
11. We can infer from the passage that the author believes ____ .
A. there will be more problems relating to identity in the future
B. Internet technology helps solve problems of identity
C. only people traveling abroad have problems of identity
D. people don’t need to worry about identity
D
Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received when she was a student learning painting. On Friday morning, she felt so thankful for having got the training.
On Thursday night, while Pina was looking after her granddaughter, nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire. When her 4-year-old granddaughter Garcia began saying, “we’re going to die”, she knew she had to act. Pina first closed the door, and then told all four children to lie on the floor. After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them whatever they wanted to have as soon as they reached safety.
“I said, ‘OK, we’re going to lie down and we’re all going to play a game,’” Pina said. “We all started singing our ABCs and 123s. I was just trying to make it fun.”
Pina waited with patience, and a few minutes later, firefighters arrived. Pina and the children were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first floor.
Pina did the only thing she could. She opened the window and dropped the children, one by one, into the arms of the firefighters’ about 15-20 feet below.
“I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be frightened,” Pina said. “I was actually afraid inside, but I couldn’t let them know that.”
After the children was saved, firefighters rescued Pina with a ladder. Ten people were sent to hospital for suffering smoke, but nobody was seriously injured or killed.
12. Which is the right order of what Pina did according to Paragragh2
a. told the children to lie on the floor
b. let the children start singing
c. closed the door
d. called 911
A. a-c-d-b B. a-b-c-d C. c-d-a-b D. c-a-d-b
13. Why did Pina and the children start to sing songs
A. To make herself not afraid. B. To spent time waiting for rescue.
C. To help calm down the children. D. To practice the fire safety training.
14. From the text, we know that _________.
A. during the fire Pina wasn’t afraid at all
B. Lisa Pina was the first to be saved
C. the children were sent to hospital after the fire
D the fire didn’t cause any death
15. Which of the following words can best describe Pina
A. Helpless. B. Brave. C. Hardworking. D. Frightened.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that as you are boarding an airplane, half the engineers who built the plane tell you there is a 10 percent chance the plane will crash, killing you and everyone else on board. Would you still board
In 2022, over 700 top academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence companies were asked in a survey about future AI risk. Half of those surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent or greater chance of human extinction from future AI systems. ____16____
The fear of AI has haunted humanity since the mid-20th century, yet until recently it has remained a distant prospect, something that belongs in sci-fi more than in serious scientific and political debates. ____17____ It is even harder to grasp the speed at which these tools are developing even more advanced and powerful capabilities. But most of the key skills boil down to one thing: the ability to manipulate (操纵) and generate language, whether with words, sounds or images.
In the beginning was the word. ____18____ From language emerges myth and law, goods and money, art and science, friendships and nations—even computer code. AI’s new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization. What would it mean for humans to live in a world where a large percentage of stories, melodies, images, laws, policies and tools are shaped by non-human intelligence ____19____What happens when the same thing occurs in art, politics, and even religion
____20____We are surrounded by culture, experiencing reality through a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reports of journalists and the accounts of friends. What will it be like to experience reality through a prism produced by non-human intelligence The time to reckon with AI is before our politics, our economy and our daily life become dependent on it.
A. Humans often don’t have direct access to reality.
B. Language is the operating system of human culture.
C. In games like chess, no human can hope to beat a computer.
D. By gaining mastery of language, AI is seizing the master key to civilization.
E Technology companies are caught in a race to put all of humanity on that plane.
F. For thousands of years we humans have lived inside the dreams of other humans.
G. It’s difficult for human minds to grasp the capabilities of GPT-4 and similar tools.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In interviews, famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But ____21____ a skill, even one that you deeply love, calls for plenty of drills. Any challenging activity —from computer programming to playing a musical instrument to athletics — requires ____22____ practice. A perfect golf swing or faultless butterfly stroke (蝶泳) takes countless hours of practice and repetitions to perfect.
Anyone who wants to have a good command of a skill must go through the ____23____ of practice, critical feedback, polish, and increasing improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take ____24____ in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be ____25____ or boring. Why
The ____26____ may depend on the ability to enter into a state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely involved in what you are doing. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has definite goals and where the individual is able to ____27____ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most ____28____ entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality” — a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills and they have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards have a great____29____ over others in developing their innate (天生的) abilities. But how can we get into flow state for an activity so that we enjoy both the process of improving skills and the ____30____ of being a master？
____31____ for those of us who don’t necessarily possess an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be ____32____ by environmental factors. For instance, in Montessori schools, students do not study by following direct instruction. ____33____, they are encouraged to develop and pursue personal petition is ____34____ and grading is not emphasized. Students are grouped together according to shared interests, rather than separated by ability.
While there isn’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice into an exciting activity for anyone, it is comforting that we seem to be able to advance into flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimum distractions and task set at moderate level of ____35____, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing.
21. A. functioning B. stimulating C. enriching D. mastering
22 A. fixed B. concentrated C. paralleled D. instructed
23. A. transformation B. substitute C. cycle D. condition
24. A. role B. pleasure C. an interest D. part
25. A. poisonous B. rewarding C. ignorant D. frustrating
26. A. objection B. distinction C. principle D. standard
27. A. apply B. devote C. adjust D. expose
28. A. deliberately B. readily C. hesitantly D. flexibly
29. A. feature B. control C. advantage D. sympathy
30. A. security B. jealousy C. reward D. contribution
31. A. Unexpectedly B. Fortunately C. Typically D. Obviously
32. A. cultivated B. extended C. influenced D. bridged
33. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Instead
34. A. advocated B. suspended C. discouraged D. observed
35. A. priority B. difficulty C. curiosity D. identity
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Contrary to ____36____ some people might assume, evidence ____37____ (show) that sharks seldom attack humans. There are three types of shark attacks. In the main type, the shark attacks you because it mistakes you ____38____ a fish, ____39____ when it tastes human flesh, it decides ____40____ (give) up and swims away. In the second type, the shark ____41____ (push) you with ____42____ nose to find out if you are fit to be eaten, and then bites you ____43____ it thinks you are. In the third type, the shark waits for you to swim by, and then attacks you all of ____44____ sudden. The last two types of attack more often result in the _____45_____ (die) of humans.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你想邀请你的英国好友Alex来中国过春节，他对中国的传统节日很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
1. 向对方发出邀请；
2. 对春节进行简单的介绍：春节的由来，庆祝方式等；
3. 期待他早日来中国共度佳节，感受节日气氛。
注意：词数120左右;
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节（满分25分）
47. 读后续写(需要使用划线词)
Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With a checklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They sought a university that offered the teenager’s intended major, one located near a large city, and a campus where their daughter would be safe.
“The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn’t alone in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked: what about crime But when college officials always gave the same answer- “That’s not a problem here,” --Mahoney began to feel uneasy.
“No crime whatsoever ” comments Mahoney today. “I just don’t buy it. ” Nor should he: in 1999 the U.S. Department of education had reports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses. “Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college,” says David Nichols, author of Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation."
But getting accurate information isn’t easy. Colleges must report crime statistics by law, but some hold back for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest ones looking dangerous. “The truth may not always be serious,” warms S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc., the nation’s leading campus safety watchdog group.
To help concerned parents,
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