湖南省衡阳市重点中学2023-2024高三上学期开学暑假检测英语试题

湖南省衡阳市重点中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学暑假检测英语试题
一、第一部分：听力，第一节，听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 7.5 分）
1． Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At a shoe shop.
B．At a clothes shop.
C．At a paint shop.
2． What does the man suggest the woman do
A．Make more friends.
B．Try harder at work.
C．Have a positive attitude.
3． What will the man do next
A．Organize a trip to France.
B．Send a letter to the school.
C．Prepare a teaching course in traveling.
4． What do the speakers think of Gary
A．He's unqualified. B．He's well-behaved. C．He's faithful.
5． How much does the cake cost
A．$2. 00. B．$3.50. C．$5.50.
二、第一部分：听力，第二节，听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分）
听材料，回答问 题。
6．Who is Helen probably
A．The girl's friend. B．The man's daughter. C．The man's wife.
7．What will the girl do at 5:00 p. m.
A．Have a meal with the man.
B．Buy some snacks.
C．Do sports.
听材料，回答问 题。
8．Why does the woman want to park the car in another place
A．The parking space is small.
B．There are larger spaces available.
C．She parks in a spot for the disabled.
9．Where will the woman and Jenny go first
A．The drugstore. B．The hair salon. C．The shoe store.
10．What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Mother and son.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Garage attendant and car owner.
听材料，回答问 题。
11．What is the weather like at the moment
A．Foggy. B．Rainy. C．Clear.
12．Where is the woman going
A．The sea. B．The forest. C．The mountains.
13．What does the man ask the woman to do
A．Book a hotel for him.
B．Bring him a coffee.
C．Contact him.
听材料，回答问 题。
14．What are the speakers talking about
A．Shopping for Christmas.
B．Performing on Christmas.
C．Selecting Christmas lights.
15．Why will the event get press attention
A．The lead actors are well known.
B．The market is in a famous location.
C．The new actors have good images.
16．How does the woman feel about the opportunity
A．Excited. B．Uninterested. C．Worried.
17．What must be perfect on the day according to the woman
A．The ticket sales. B．The sound quality. C．The costumes.
听材料，回答问 题。
18．Who is the speaker talking to
A．People who have read her books.
B．People who are looking for jobs.
C．People who want to write their own books.
19．What does the speaker compare writing a book to
A．Completing a work assignment.
B．Writing a university essay.
C．Reading a magazine article.
20．How does the speaker get most of her ideas
A．By reading papers.
B．By speaking to people.
C．By spending time online.
三、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分）
阅读理解
Endangered Species Youth Art Contest
2023 Contest Now Open!
Join us for our 6th annual Endangered Species Youth Art Contest! In celebration of Endangered Species Day （May 19, 2023）, Roger Williams Park Zoo is accepting art entries from local K-12 grade students in the New England area showing threatened and endangered species. Together we hope to raise awareness about the importance of saving endangered species and their wild habitats.
Winners will be formally announced by May 2023.
Rules & Art Submission Instructions:
▲All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1, 2023.
▲Students' artworks must be puter-produced images will NOT be judged.
▲All artworks must be about threatened/endangered species.
▲Each art entry must also include a short explanation （3-5 sentences） as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.
Deadline: Entries must be received by Sunday, April 2, 2023. Late entries will not be judged.
2023 Art Contest Prizes
GRAND PRIZE（Judges Choice）
▲One Family RWPZoo membership （a S149 value; or extra year added to current Zoo membership）
▲An adopt-an-animal package of your choice
▲One $100 gift card
GRADE CATEGORY WINNERS （Grades K-2, Grades 3-12）
Each grade-winner shall receive:
★Six General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
★One $25 gift card
HONORABLE MENTIONS （Grades K-2, Grades 3-12）
Each grade-honorable mention shall receive:
★Four General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
★An award certificate
All winning artworks will be highlighted on the Zoo's website and social media pages, and in the Zoo's summer WILD Magazine issue.
21．How can you submit your artwork
A．By sending it in an envelope.
B．By turning it in on the website.
C．By handing it to the zoo in person.
D．By having it delivered to the judges.
22．What should you explain in your entry
A．The habitats of threatened and endangered species.
B．The relationship between humans and endangered species.
C．The measures to protect endangered species.
D．The reason of protecting your targeted species.
23．What award will a grand prize winner get
A．A choice to adopt an animal.
B．A $25 worth of gift card to the zoo.
C．An exhibition of the artwork all year round.
D．Six tickets to RWPZoo for general daily time admission.
阅读理解
Mary O'Connor and her husband Bobby Hughes had been in Letterkenny for a couple of days, when they decided they would spend the afternoon at Rathmullan beach.
Bobby is a diabetic （糖尿病患 者） and needs to take insulin （胰 岛素） regularly. On that morning, he had checked his blood sugar levels, which were fine. He ate breakfast without any difficulty. However, an unlucky incident happened. Mary said, "Ten minutes after we were there he just completely went down. It was just scary and it was so sudden. I think the really severe heat was a key factor, but it reflected how quickly things could change. "
A few moments later, two women from Derry noticed that and rapidly came over. One called Sara who also was a similar patient recognized straight away what was going on. She said, "I had a bottle of glucose gel （葡萄糖凝胶） that I kept for emergencies and I was rubbing it onto Bobby's gums, "
Mary said, "Some young lifeguards were able to call an ambulance and another lady called Emma, who was a nurse, stopped by to help us as well. Eventually we got him into the ambulance and I started to shake from the shock of it all. A nice man, Liam McAteer, whose mum owns the pub in Rathmullan, offered to drive me to the hospital and even took me back again to get my car. " Mary said that the staff at the Letterkenny hospital were so brilliant in treating Bobby that he was able to be discharged later that day at 6: 30 pm.
She said that while there was much more drama in their holiday than she thought there would be, she was very touched by the kind strangers. Mary continued, "It is wonderful to know there are good people and we are both so grateful for all help that they gave us. "
24．What did Mary and Bobby go to Letterkenny for
A．To visit Rathmullan beach. B．To go on holiday.
C．To go to hospital. D．To go on business.
25．Why did Bobby go down fainted suddenly by the beach
A．Checked his blood sugar levels.
B．Not taking medicine irregularly.
C．The severe heat of that day.
D．Being on the beach too long.
26．What can we learn from the scene of the first aid
A．Emma recognized straight away what was going on.
B．Sara was a diabetic （糖尿病患者）.
C．Liam McAteer was an owner of a pub in Rathmullan.
D．The staff at the Letterkenny hospital were brilliant in treating Bobby.
27．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．An Awkward Holiday B．A Medical Incident
C．The Powerful Aid D．The Unusual Couple
阅读理解
"I like pigs, " Winston Churchill supposedly once said. "Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals. " Whether Churchill's contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.
And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. A study just published in Animal Cognition by Ivan Norscia, a biological anthropologist at the University of Turin, in Italy, and his colleagues, looked at how a group of 104 domestic pigs went about resolving such incidents. In total, Dr. Norscia and his team studied the details of 216 pig conflicts over the course of six months.
Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick, bump or lift the victim （or string together a sequence of those actions）. Most conflicts ended in seconds, but some lasted a minute or two.
In most animal species that would be that. However, many of the pig conflicts Dr. Norscia observed had interested parties beyond the protagonists （主角）. He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights— and what this says about pigs" cognitive （认知）abilities.
Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to intervene during the heat of a conflict （though this did occur）, he and his colleagues looked at what happened in the three minutes directly following an aggressive interaction. Sometimes, they found, the protagonists made up on their own—for instance, by touching noses.
On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.
28．Why does the author mention Winston Churchill in the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic of the text.
B．To show pigs are inspirational.
C．To state Churchill loves pigs.
D．To prove pigs are clever.
29．What probably decides on the pigs' roles in pig conflict
A．Their ages. B．Their weight.
C．Their safety needs. D．Their cognitive abilities.
30．Why did Ivan Norscia and his colleagues conduct the study
A．To record the details of 216 pig conflicts.
B．To figure out the relationship between pigs.
C．To comprehend the role of bystanders in conflict resolution.
D．To find out the reason for pigs' conflicts.
31．How will the bystander interact with the victim after a fight
A．By shaking it. B．By offering comfort to it.
C．By scratching its back. D．By touching its nose.
阅读理解
Every language and culture has curse words （脏话）. What gives a curse word its power is partly its meaning and partly its sound. "In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive（爆破音） sounds—including P, T and K, " said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London.
Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what's called sound symbolism. Sound symbolism is when a word sounds like what it means.
The researchers first asked fluent speakers of Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean and Russian to list the most vulgar （粗俗的） words they could think of. Once they'd made a list of each language's most frequently used curse words, the researchers compared these with neutral words from the same language. In these languages, they didn't find the plosive sounds that seem common in English curse words. "Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant （近似音） sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y, "Dr. Lev-Ari said.
Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn't speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive. In reality, all the words were invented. For example, the researchers started with the Albanian word "zog, " for "bird, "and created the pair of fake words "yog" and "tsog. "Participants were more likely to guess that words without approximants, such as "tsog, " were curses.
Finally, the researchers combed through the dictionary for English curse words and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the clean versions included more of the sounds I, L, R, W and Y.
A 20th-century linguistic principle claimed that the sounds of words were arbitrary: Any word could have any meaning. With curse words, though, as in other cases of sound symbolism, "the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning, "said Lev-Ari. "That's a new thing, "said linguist Benjamin Bergen. "Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly. "He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn't an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages.
32．What is the purpose of McKay and Lev-Ari's research
A．To analyze a phenomenon. B．To explain a definition.
C．To confirm an assumption. D．To challenge a theory.
33．What were the participants asked to do in the second part of the research
A．To tell the rude word according to its sound.
B．To make up new curse words from real words.
C．To decide which curse words are used more frequently.
D．To identify the approximants in curse words.
34．According to Lev-Ari, which of the four is likely to sound offensive
A．Tusck B．Sola C．Darn D．Biach
35．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The old linguistic principle of sounds and meanings is wrong.
B．In sound symbolism, a word's sound represents its meaning.
C．The research reveals the similarities between different languages.
D．The result of the research is not fully accepted by scientists.
四、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.
Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can't always make money doing things you like （like video games or drinking beer）. 　36． 　
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn't sound so bad. 　37． 　Or maybe that's out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. These are all great choices. But often they are not something you're really passionate about. It's kind of like just doing something because it's there——not very inspired.
　38． 　 Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 　39． 　And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.
　40． 　The point isn't how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people.
A. There are endless ways to do that.
B. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer
C. However, there's another way that is perhaps better.
D. You are dreaming of a well-paid job which you like best.
E. It's essential not to concentrate on interests and good payment.
F. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose.
G. And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.
五、第三部分，语言知识运用，第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In some parts of Central China's Henan province, daughters will 41． wild goose-shaped cakes for their parents before the leap month （闰月） comes, wishing for auspiciousness. There is a 42． surrounding the tradition.
Long ago, there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan, who was very 43． . In a year which had a leap month, the married girl 44． of her parents, who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger due to the 45． month. So, she collected some leftover millet （小米） and headed toward her parents' home. On the mountainous road, she 46． fell down and when she woke up, the millet was already 47． up by birds. Seeing this and thinking of her parents, she cried loudly and slowly fell asleep again.
Then she heard some weak voice and woke up again, seeing a couple of wild geese were staying in her bag and not willing to leave, so she took them with her. When she arrived at her parents' home, the village was 48． famine and plague, and her parents were on the verge of 49． . She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents, and her parents recovered soon. She then gave the leftover food to the neighbors and the 50． miraculously disappeared the next day.
After that, before each leap month, daughters began to visit their 51． and bring gifts. As wild goose is a 52． bird, people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes in 53． of the actual bird for their parents, wishing them healthy and hoping to banish any plagues.
In some parts of East China's Shandong province, the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad to their parents, which 54． "wealth" and "health" respectively. 55． , it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
41．A． bury B． send C． prepare D． decorate
42．A． book B． song C． title D． legend
43．A． beautiful B． filial C． brave D． smart
44．A． warned B． thought C． heard D． reminded
45．A． relevant B． repetitive
C． representative D． respective
46．A． eventually B． accidentally C． hurriedly D． mysteriously
47．A． taken B． made C． eaten D． set
48．A． suffering from B． learning from
C． taking from D． recovering from
49．A． delight B． penalty C． death D． performance
50．A． neighbors B． food C． plague D． village
51．A． parents B． relatives C． friends D． classmates
52．A． delicate B． abnormal C． outstanding D． rare
53．A． place B． point C． pursuit D． praise
54．A． symbolize B． suspect C． simplify D． state
55．A． However B． Therefore C． Otherwise D． Besides
六、第三部分，语言知识运用， 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than 1, 500 years ago, accent Chinese craftsmen　56． 　（invent） a new type of paper. It became an essential item for traditional Chinese study and an icon of Chinese culture,　57． 　 is called Xuan paper, or tice paper. In 2009, the traditional craft of making Xuan paper was included on UNESCO'S Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Xuan paper was first made from the straw of rice and bark from a typical tree in ancient Xuan Begroan, now 　58． 　（know） as Jingxian County in Anhui Province. The traditional process of making Xuan paper is　59． 　（extreme） demanding and involves more than 100 steps. The whole process can take as long as two years to complete,　60． 　 the skills have been passed down for the next generation.
Such features like being white, soft and moth-proof （防虫的） enable Xuan paper　61． 　（last） for even more than 1, 000 years. Amazingly, after such a long time, it can keep the　62． 　（fresh） of the ink and color on it,　63． 　（result） in a name "Paper of Ages. "
Because of its lasting popularity　64． 　Chinese artists and also due to its remarkable longevity, so far the majority of existing ancient Chinese books such as calligraphy and paintings　65． 　（preserve） on Xuan paper.
七、第四部分，写作，第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分）
66． 你受学生会委托为校网站交换生板块写一则英文通知, 请大家关注一门线上选修课程Traditional Chinese Festivals, 内容包括:
1. 课程时间安排；
2. 课程内容简介；
3. 报名方式
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Notice
……
Students' Union
八、第四部分，写作，第二节读后续写（满分25分）
67． 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One spring morning many years ago, I had been searching for gold along Coho Creek on southeastern Alaska's Kuprean of Island, and as I emerged from a forest of spruce（云杉） and hemlock tree, I froze in my tracks. No more than 20 paces in the bog（沼泽） was a huge Alaskan timber wolf—caught in one of Tapper George's raps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack, so the wolf was lucky. Confused and frightened at my approach, the wolf backed away. Then I noticed something else: It was a female, and her teats were full of milk. Somewhere there was a den of hungry pups （小狼） waiting for their mother.
From her appearance, I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days. That meant her pups were probably still alive. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for tracks that might lead me to her den. Fortunately, there were still a few remaining of snow. After several moments, I spotted pups' marks on a trail.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest, then up a slope covered with many rocks. I finally spotted the den at the base of an enormous spruce. There wasn't a sound inside. Wolf pups are shy and cautious, and I didn't have much hope of inviting them outside, but I had to try. So I began imitating the high-pitched（声音很尖锐的） sound of a mother wolf calling her young. No response. A few moments later, after I tried another call, four tiny pups appeared. They couldn't have been more than a few weeks old.
注意：1. 所续词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I extended my hands.
With her pups under her belly to protect, she was becoming aggressive.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Can I help you, sir
M: Yes, do you have this shirt in size M In the same blue color please. It matches my shoes well.
【分析】问题：谈话可能发生在哪里？根据"Can I help you, sir "我能帮你吗，先生？；以及" Yes, do you have this shirt in size M In the same blue color please. It matches my shoes well."是的，你有M码的衬衫吗？请用同样的蓝色。它和我的鞋很相配。可推知他们在服装店，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Eventually, you'll be old like me, Helen. Now, you have less responsibility — so enjoy it.
W: That's true, Grandpa. I'm just stressed about my grades and school friends.
M: All students do — just try to enjoy your work and don't worry.
【分析】问题：男士建议女士做什么？根据"Now, you have less responsibility — so enjoy it."现在，你的责任少了——所以享受吧；以及"All students do — just try to enjoy your work and don't worry."所有的学生都这样做——试着享受你的工作，不要担心。可知他建议女士要有积极的态度，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Is your school organizing a year-end trip like last year
W: Unfortunately not. After the problems they had in France, they've decided not to do one this year.
M: That is a shame. Traveling is very educational. I'll write to the headmaster and give advice.
【分析】问题：男士下一步要做什么？根据"I'll write to the headmaster and give advice."我会写信给校长并提出建议。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: How on earth is Gary still working for this company He is late for everything — his meetings, his reports and he's coming back later from his lunch breaks than others.
W: I know. I agree.But we'd better give him a chance to correct his mistakes.
【分析】问题：谈话人认为 Gary 怎么样？根据" How on earth is Gary still working for this company He is late for everything — his meetings, his reports and he's coming back later from his lunch breaks than others."Gary到底是怎么还在这家公司工作的？他每件事都迟到——开会、报告，午休回来的时间也比其他人晚；以及"I know. I agree."我知道。我同意。可知他们认为Gary不合格。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I'll take a large iced coffee, please.
W: It's $2.00.
M: Oh, I'd also like one blueberry cake.
W: Sure. Your total is $5.50. I'll have your coffee ready in a minute.
【分析】问题：这个蛋糕多少钱？根据"I'll take a large iced coffee, please."我要一大杯冰咖啡；" It's $2.00."是2美元；"I'd also like one blueberry cake."我还想要一个蓝莓蛋糕；以及"Sure. Your total is $5.50. "可以。你的总金额是5.50美元。可知蛋糕的价格是 $5.50.- $2. 00=$3.50，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What are you going to do this afternoon Would you like to shop with me
W: Well, I'm going to practice baseball with my friend later.
M: What time is your baseball practice this evening
W: Helen asked me to practice at her house at 5:00 p.m.
M: That's fine. I can drop you off there after we finish shopping. You might be a bit early. Can you ask Helen if that's okay
W: Sure. Shall I call her
M: Of course.
W: But my phone is in the car. I'll call her later.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题： Helen 可能是谁？根据对话内容，可推知 Helen是女孩的朋友，故选A。
7．问题：下午5点这个女孩会做什么？根据"What time is your baseball practice this evening "你今晚什么时候练习棒球？；以及"Helen asked me to practice at her house at 5:00 p.m."Helen 让我下午5点到她家练习。故选C。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Mike, can you get out first and tell me if I've parked between the lines I might have to back up and try again.
M: OK. Well, the right tire(轮胎) is right on the line, but the spot next to you is a parking space that is meant for someone in a wheelchair.
W: This spot is too small for our car, anyway. Come on. We'll park somewhere else.
M: Are you sure you want to take the chance, Lisa It's a holiday weekend, and I doubt whether there are better spaces available.
W: Fine. I'll be careful when I'm opening the door.
M: So,you take Jenny to get some sports shoes first, and I'll take Roger in for his haircut. I'll be able to pick up your medicine at the drugstore while he's in there.
W: Oh, thanks. We can meet up at the food court for lunch in…say an hour
M: Perfect.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题;为什么女士想把车停在另一个地方？根据"This spot is too small for our car, anyway. "不管怎样，这个地方对我们的车来说太小了。故选A。
9．问题：女士和 Jenny 先去哪里？根据" So, you take Jenny to get some sports shoes first"所以，你先带珍妮去买运动鞋，故选C。
10．问题：谈话人之间可能有什么关系？根据对话内容可推知他们可能是夫妻，故选B。
【答案】11．A
12．C
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Are you sure it's safe to drive in this fog You might lose all sense of direction when you drive through the forest.
W: It should be okay. It's just coming in from the sea. Once I'm on the road, it should clear.
M: How long do you think you'll be driving
W: Well, it's a six-hour trip, but I'll stop for lunch and a coffee to keep me awake.
M: And when will you come back
W: Probably on Sunday, or maybe on Monday. It depends on whether I get the photos I need. And if it rains, I might need an extra day. It's dangerous to climb mountains after raining.
M: Okay. Are you sure you don't need my help
W: No, I'll be fine on my own.
M: Call me once you get to your hotel.
W: I will. It's up in the mountains so the signal might not be great. But I'll try my best.
M: They'll have Internet access. If you can't call, just send me an email.
W: Will do.
M: Okay, take care.
W: Bye.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
11．问题：现在的天气怎么样？根据"Are you sure it's safe to drive in this fog "你确定在雾中开车安全吗？故选A。
12．问题：女士要去哪里？根据"It's dangerous to climb mountains after raining. "雨后爬山很危险。故选C。
13．问题：男士要求女士做什么？根据" Call me once you get to your hotel."一到酒店就给我打电话；"It's up in the mountains so the signal might not be great. "在山上，所以信号可能不太好；以及"If you can't call, just send me an email."如果你不能打电话，就给我发封电子邮件。故选C。
【答案】14．B
15．A
16．A
17．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Great news! The organizers of The Christmas Market have given us the green light to perform some songs at the market in December.
W: Brilliant! That will really help to raise our theater's company image.
M: I know. The Christmas Market is really busy. Hundreds of people shopping there will hear our company singing.
W: And it will help boost the new members' confidence.
M: Even better... The lead actors are happy to sing at The Christmas Market too! They're both famous enough to attract many journalists, and hopefully that will mean increased ticket sales!
W: Okay, it's very exciting, so we need to make sure that everything is prepared. We'll need a tight practice schedule between now and December. If we're going to go public with some of our material, it's got to look really good!
M: Absolutely. And we need to make the costume department work hard so all the actors will look convincing.
W: Right. I'm going to call a meeting with the sound and lighting engineers to check out the location. It's important that the visuals and the sound quality are perfect on that day!
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
14．问题：谈话人在说什么？根据"The organizers of The Christmas Market have given us the green light to perform some songs at the market in December."The Christmas Market的组织者为我们12月份在集市上表演一些歌曲开了绿灯。故选B。
15．问题：为什么这次活动会引起媒体的关注？根据"The lead actors are happy to sing at The Christmas Market too! They're both famous enough to attract many journalists,"主演们也很高兴在The Christmas Market 上唱歌！他们都很出名，吸引了很多记者，故选A。
16．问题：这位女士对这个机会有何感想？根据"Okay, it's very exciting, "好，这很令人兴奋，故选A。
17．问题：根据这位女士的说法，当天必须有什么是完美的？根据"It's important that the visuals and the sound quality are perfect on that day!"重要的是，当天的视觉效果和音质都很完美！故选B。
【答案】18．C
19．A
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 Many people ask me where my inspiration comes from, or how I've managed to write a book every year for the last 20 years. Since you all wish to be writers, I will share these so-called secrets, but I'll answer the second one first. How do I write so many books It's easy to answer. I see writing as a job. Many writers start writing because they love reading, not because they love writing. When you are working on a project, you have targets to hit along the way. So just imagine that your book is a project at work. You know roughly how many words long it will be. Let's say 100,000 words. If you write 1000 a day, you will finish your book in just over three months. It is not difficult to write 1000 words. Most of you have written university papers four or five times that length. You can write more than 1000 words a day. As long as you write at least 1000 words a day, you will have a book written in no time. Well, back to the first question — where did I get my ideas The answer is everywhere. I read newspapers and magazines. I spend lots of time on social media and that's where a lot of my ideas come from. Our world is full of stories, and when you find one that you feel strongly about, that's what you should write about.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
18．问题：发言人在和谁说话？根据"Since you all wish to be writers"既然你们都想成为作家；以及" I see writing as a job. "我认为写作是一项工作。故选C。
19．问题：发言人把写书比作什么？根据"So just imagine that your book is a project at work. "所以，想象一下你的书是一个正在进行的项目。故选A。
20．问题：发言人是如何获得大部分想法的？根据"I spend lots of time on social media and that's where a lot of my ideas come from. "我花了很多时间在社交媒体上，这就是我很多想法的来源。故选C。
【答案】21．B
22．D
23．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个关于濒危物种青年艺术大赛的情况，涉及比赛的规则，奖励和参赛作品等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的"All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1, 2023."所有参赛作品均以电子方式提交。网络表格将于2023年2月1日开始提供。可知，参赛作品应该通过网络提交。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的"Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important."每个艺术作品还必须包括一个简短的解释（3-5）句话)，说明为什么拯救你选择的物种免于灭绝是重要的。可知，参赛作品中，要包含简单叙述为什么保护你选择的这个物种。故选D。
23．考查细节理解。根据GRAND PRIZE(Judges Choice)部分中的"An adopt-an-animal package of your choice"一个你自己选择的动物收养套餐。可知，获奖者可以选择一个动物收养套餐。故选A。
【答案】24．B
25．C
26．B
27．C
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bobby是一名糖尿病患者，在海滩度假时，因为高温导致昏厥，这时路过的人们对Bobby进行了急救，在众人的帮助下，Bobby成功脱险。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段"Mary O'Connor and her husband Bobby Hughes had been in Letterkenny for a couple of days, when they decided they would spend the afternoon at Rathmullan beach."Mary O'Connor和她的丈夫Bobby Hughes在莱特肯尼待了几天，他们决定在Rathmullan海滩度过下午时光。可知，Mary和Bobby去莱特肯尼去度假。故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Mary said, ‘Ten minutes after we were there he just completely went down. It was just scary and it was so sudden. I think the really severe heat was a key factor, but it reflected how quickly things could change. '"玛丽说："我们到达那里十分钟后，他就完全倒下了。这太可怕了，太突然了。我认为非常严重的高温是一个关键因素，但这反映了情况变化的速度有多快。可知，鲍比突然晕倒在海滩上是因为那天天气很热。故选C。
26．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"One called Sara who also was a similar patient recognized straight away what was going on."其中一个叫莎拉的人也是一个类似的病人，他马上就意识到发生了什么。可知，Sara是糖尿病患者。故选B。
27．考查标题归纳。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了Bobby是一名糖尿病患者，在海滩度假时，因为高温导致昏厥，这时路过的人们对Bobby进行了急救，在众人的帮助下，Bobby成功脱险；以及合最后一段"She said that while there was much more drama in their holiday than she thought there would be, she was very touched by the kind strangers. Mary continued,‘It is wonderful to know there are good people and we are both so grateful for all help that they gave us.'"(她说，虽然他们的假期比她想象的要戏剧化得多，但她还是被这些善良的陌生人感动了。玛丽接着说:"知道有好人真是太好了，我们都很感激他们给我们的所有帮助。"可知，"强大的援助"适合做本文的标题。故选C。
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了猪打架后如何和解，这证实了猪是非常聪明的。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第一段"‘I like pigs,' Winston Churchill supposedly once said. ‘Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.' Whether Churchill's contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures. "据说温斯顿 丘吉尔曾说过："我喜欢猪。""狗仰视我们，猫俯视我们，但猪对我们一视同仁。"与丘吉尔同时代的George Orwell是否也喜欢猪就不那么清楚了。但他也肯定在它们身上看到了其他家养动物所缺乏的东西，因为在小说《动物庄园》中，最终是它们在表演。因此，猪是一种聪明的群居动物。可推知，作者在第一段提到温斯顿 丘吉尔是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选A。
29．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power."谁是什么主要取决于体重，因为对猪来说，体重意味着力量。可知，它们的体重决定了猪在猪冲突中的角色。故选B。
30．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs' cognitive abilities."因此，他想了解这些旁观者在解决争斗中的作用，以及这对猪的认知能力有何影响。可知，Ivan Norscia和他的同事进行这项研究是因为想理解旁观者在解决冲突中的作用。故选C。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching."然而，在其他场合，第三只猪介入了。有时，这个旁观者扮演和事佬的角色，与攻击者接触，减少随后的攻击次数，否则可能会发生。相比之下，有时旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎使受害者平静下来，因为它减少了与焦虑相关的行为，如摇晃和抓挠。可推知，在一场打斗之后，旁观者通过安慰来与受害者互动。故选B。
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．A
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现粗俗词汇中往往缺少一些特定的发音，说明就骂人的话而言，声音本身也有意义，这就是声音象征主义。但是研究结果还需要进一步的证实。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的" ‘In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive (爆破音) sounds, including P, T and K,' said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London."伦敦大学的心理学家莱恩·麦凯说："例如，在英语中，脏话往往含有很高比例的爆破音，包括P、T和K。"；以及第二段中的"Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what's called sound symbolism."麦凯博士与他的同事Shiri Lev-Ari合作，研究这种熟悉的模式是否也存在于英语以外的其它语言中。他们想知道它是否代表了所谓的声音象征主义。可推知，McKay和Lev-Ari研究的目的是想证实一种假设：英语脏话中含有很高比例的爆破音这一现象也存在于其它语言，即存在声音象征主义。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn't speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive."接下来，科学家们邀请了215名以阿拉伯语、汉语、芬兰语、法语、德语和西班牙语为母语的人。参与者听了几组他们不会说的语言的单词，并猜测每组单词中哪个是冒犯性的。可知，在第二部分研究中，参与者被要求根据发音来判断粗鲁的词。故选A。
34．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"‘Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant (近似音) sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y,' Dr. Lev-Ari said.""相反，我们发现粗俗词汇是由它们所缺乏的东西来定义的：包括字母I、L、R、W和Y在内的近似音。"Lev-Ari博士说。可知，粗俗词汇中不包括字母I、L、R、W和Y在内的近似音，结合选项单词，只有tusck没有这五个字母以及其字母在内近似的发音，不是粗俗词汇。故选A。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的" ‘That's a new thing," said linguist Benjamin Bergen. "Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly.' He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn't an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages."语言学家本杰明·伯根说："这是个新现象。不同语言之间不相关的脏话，模式可能相似。"他还指出，为了确保在脏话中缺失的近似模式不是偶然的，如果能在更大的语言样本中找到它就太好了。可推知，语言科学家认为研究的样本还不够，不足以得出确凿的结论，科学家们还没有完全接受这项研究的结果。故选D。
【答案】36．G；37．B；38．C；39．F；40．A
【知识点】七选五；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何选择对你富有意义的职业。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can't always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer)."想想你喜欢做什么。如果你喜欢写作或做手工，你可以考虑这些事情。当然，这不是一种坏的方式，但你不可能总是通过做你喜欢的事情(比如电子游戏或喝啤酒)来赚钱。可知，本段是在讲述可以把自己喜欢的事作为职业，但是不是所有喜欢的事情都可以， G. And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion. 有时候把你喜欢的事情当成爱好或副业会更好"是对上文的总结，符合本段主题。故选G。
37．根据空前"Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn't sound so bad."想一份你能做而且听起来不那么糟糕的高薪工作；以及空后"Or maybe that's out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker."或者，这可能超出了你的教育范围，所以你选择了办公室或零售工人。可知，此处是过渡句，从提出一个方法到具体的职业选择，职业对教育要求高，B. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer "也许是医生、工程师或律师？"符合语境，故选B。
38．根据空后"Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease."试着为社区服务或让世界变得更美好。例如，照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子们有一个美好的人生开端，或者成为他们想成为的人，或者进入政府或社会工作，改善你所居住的社区的条件，或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法。可知，这里是在介绍另一种选择职业的方法，C. However, there's another way that is perhaps better. "然而，还有另一种可能更好的方法"符合本段主题。故选C。
39．根据空前"For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease."例如，照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子们有一个美好的人生开端，或者成为他们想成为的人，或者进入政府或社会工作，改善你所居住的社区的条件，或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法；以及空后"And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day."如果你选择其中的一个作为你的目标，你每天都会有一种使命感。可知，空处是过渡句，从介绍职业，到这么做的好处， F. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose. " 这些都只是许多充满目的的可能性之一"起到过渡作用。符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空后"The point isn't how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people."关键不在于你如何为世界服务，而在于以某种方式为世界服务会让你充满目标感。如果你选择了一份目标明确、令人愉快的工作，你总是比大多数人走得更远。可知，本段是文章的最后一段，应该做出总结， A. There are endless ways to do that. "有无数种方法可以做到这一点"是总结性的语句，并且和后文构成逻辑关系，符合语境，故选A。
【答案】41．C；42．D；43．B；44．B；45．B；46．B；47．C；48．A；49．C；50．C；51．A；52．D；53．A；54．A；55．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了闰月前，河南省的一些地区，出嫁的女儿们给父母送大雁蛋糕的由来。而在山东的一些地区，出嫁的女儿们会送父母面鱼和面蟾蜍，给父母带来"财富"和"健康"。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：在中国中部河南省的一些地区，女儿们会在闰月到来之前为父母准备大雁形状的蛋糕，祈求吉祥。A. bury"埋"；B. send"寄"；C. prepare"准备"；D. decorate"装饰"。根据空后"for their parents before the leap month comes"可知，女儿们会在闰月前为父母准备大雁形状的蛋糕。故选C。
42．句意：关于这个传统有一个传说。A. book"书"；B. song"歌曲"；C. title"标题"；D. legend "传说"。根据下文"Long ago"可知，对于第一段描述的习俗有一个传说。故选D。
43．句意：很久以前，在河南嵩山南麓住着一个非常孝顺的女孩。A. beautiful"美丽的"；B. filial"孝顺的"；C. brave"勇敢的"；D. smart"聪明的"。根据下文"So, she collected some leftover millet （小米） and headed toward her parents' home."可知，女孩非常孝顺，想到父母的处境，给父母送小米。故选B。
44．句意：在闰月的一年里，出嫁的女孩想到了她的父母，他们一直没有足够的食物吃，可能会因为重复的月份而挨饿。A. warned"警告"；B. thought"想起"；C. heard"听到"；D. reminded"提醒"。根据空后"who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger"可知，女孩想到了自己的父母。故选B。
45．句意：在闰月的一年里，出嫁的女孩想到了她的父母，他们一直没有足够的食物吃，可能会因为重复的月份而挨饿。A. relevant"相关的"；B. repetitive"重复的"；C. representative"有代表性的"；D. respective"各自的"。根据空前"In a year which had a leap month"可知，在闰月里，也就是在重复的月份里。故选B。
46．句意：在山路上，她不小心跌倒了，当她醒来时，小米已经被鸟吃了。A. eventually"最终"；B. accidentally"意外地、不小心地"；C. hurriedly"匆忙地"；D. mysteriously"神秘地"。根据空后"when she woke up"可知，走山路时，女孩不小心跌倒了，昏了过去。故选B。
47．句意：在山路上，她不小心跌倒了，当她醒来时，小米已经被鸟吃了。A. taken"带"；B. made"制作"；C. eaten"吃"；D. set"设置"。根据空后"by birds"可知，当她醒来时，小米被鸟儿吃掉了。故选C。
48．句意：当她回到父母家时，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫的折磨，她的父母也濒临死亡的边缘。A. suffering from"遭受"；B. learning from"从……中学习"；C. taking from"从……中获取"；D. recovering from"从……中恢复"。根据语境可知，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫。故选A。
49．句意：当她回到父母家时，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫的折磨，她的父母也濒临死亡的边缘。A. delight "快乐"；B.penalty"处罚，刑罚" ；C. death"死亡"；D. performance"表现"。根据空前"on the verge"可知，女孩的父母在死亡的边缘。故选C。
50．句意：然后她把剩下的食物分给邻居，第二天瘟疫奇迹般地消失了。A. neighbors"邻居"；B.food"食物" ；C. plague"瘟疫"；D. village"村庄"。根据上文"famine and plague"及空后"miraculously disappeared"可知，第二天瘟疫奇迹地消失了。故选C。
51．句意：从那以后，在每个闰月之前，女儿们开始拜访父母并带着礼物。A.parents"父母" ；B. relatives"亲戚"；C. friends"朋友"；D. classmates"同班同学"。根据上文"So, she collected some leftover millet （小米） and headed toward her parents' home."可知，由于这个女孩拜访父母，救了村子的人，村里的其余女儿们都过来看望父母。故选A。
52．句意：由于大雁是一种稀有的鸟类，人们用生面团代替大雁为父母制作大雁形状的蛋糕，希望他们身体健康，驱除瘟疫。A. delicate"柔和的，脆弱的"；B. abnormal"不正常的"；C. outstanding "杰出的"；D. rare"罕见的"。根据空后"people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes"可知，由于真的大雁是稀有的，女孩们不得不用面团做大雁形状的蛋糕。故选D。
53．句意：由于大雁是一种稀有的鸟类，人们用生面团代替大雁为父母制作大雁形状的蛋糕，希望他们身体健康，驱除瘟疫。A. place"地方"；B. point"意义"；C. pursuit"追求"；D. praise"表扬"。根据空后"the actual bird"可知，女孩们用大雁蛋糕代替真正的大雁。in place of广固定短语"代替"。故选A。
54．句意：在中国东部山东省的一些地区，出嫁的女儿会给父母送面鱼和面蟾蜍，这分别象征着"财富"和"健康"。A. symbolize"象征"；B. suspect"怀疑"；C. simplify"简化"；D. state"陈述"。根据空前"the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad to their parents"；以及空后"‘wealth' and ‘health'"可知，面鱼和面蟾蜍分别象征着"财富"和"健康"。故选A。
55．句意：此外，据说面鱼是给妈妈的，面蛤蟆是给爸爸的。A. However"然而"；B. Therefore"因此"；C. Otherwise"否则"；D. Besides"此外"。根据空后"it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father."可知，这是补充说明，空处缺少"此外"。故选D。
【答案】56．invented；57．which；58．known；59．extremely；60．and；61．to last；62．freshness；63．resulting；64．among / with；65．have been preserved
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍乐是中国的传统工艺——宣纸的历史，制作过程以及影响等相关信息。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，连词，名词，介词，语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：1500多年前，中国古代工匠发明了一种新型纸。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语More than 1,500 years ago可知，此处应使用一般过去时，与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填invented。
57．句意：后来，宣纸成为研究中国传统文化的必备物品，也是中国文化的象征。 is called Xuan paper, or tice paper是非限制性定语从句，先行词指的是it指代的"a new type of paper"，指物，在从句中作主语，故填which。
58．句意：宣纸最早是用古代宣区(今安徽省靖县)的稻秆和一种典型树木的树皮制成的。know与Xuan Region之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，故填known。
59．句意：传统的宣纸制作工艺要求极高，工序超过100道。此处为副词作状语修饰形容词demanding，作状语，故填extremely。
60．句意：整个过程可能需要长达两年的时间才能完成，而且这些技能已经传递给了下一代。此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前与空后为并列关系。故填and。
61．句意：诸如白色、柔软和防虫蛀等特征使宣纸可以保存1000多年。enable sb./sth. to do sth.固定短语，"使……能……"，故填to last。
62．句意：令人惊讶的是，经过这么长的时间，它可以保持墨端颜色的新鲜度，因此被称为"时代纸"。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，fresh的名词为freshness且为不可数名词。故填freshness。
63．句意：令人惊讶的是，经过这么长的时间，它可以保持墨端颜色的新鲜度，因此被称为"时代纸"。result in与上文讲述的"after such a long time, it can keep the ____7____(fresh) of the ink end color on it"这件事，为主动关系，此处现在分词作结果状语。故填resulting。
64．句意：由于它在中国学者和艺术家中经久不衰，也由于它非凡的寿命，迄今为止，现存的中国古代书籍、书法和绘画大多数都保存在宣纸上。be popular with/among固定短语，"受……欢迎"，故填among / with。
65．句意：由于它在中国学者和艺术家中经久不衰，也由于它非凡的寿命，迄今为止，现存的中国古代书籍、书法和绘画大多数都保存在宣纸上。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语so far可知，应用现在完成时态，preserve与句子主语"the majority of existing ancient Chinese books, calligraphy and paintings"之间为被动关系，且主语为复数。故填have been preserved。
66．【答案】Notice
An online optional course named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term. Visit our school website and enjoy it.
Traditional Chinese festivals are an important part of Chinese culture. The course covers various topics of traditional Chinese festivals, ranging from their origins to distinct features. What's more, the inner beauty of Chinese culture can be explored from it. Anyone who is interested in the course can sign up online before next Friday.
What a thrilling opportunity! Anticipating your joining us.
Students' Union
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一则英文通知。写作背景： 你受学生会委托为校网站交换生板块写一则通知, 请大家关注一门线上选修课程Traditional Chinese Festivals。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 课程时间安排: 2. 课程内容简介: 3. 报名方式。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：An online optional course named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term. 运用了被动语态；Visit our school website and enjoy it.运用了祈使句； The course covers various topics of traditional Chinese festivals, ranging from their origins to distinct features.运用了现在分词作状语； Anyone who is interested in the course can sign up online before next Friday.运用了限制性定语促进；What a thrilling opportunity! 运用了感叹句。
67．【答案】I extended my hands. They tentatively sucked at my fingers. Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear. Then one by one, I placed them in a fur bag and headed back down the slope. When the mother wolf spotted me, she stood up right. Possibly picking up the smell of her young, she let out a high-pitched, mournful whine. I released the pups, and they raced to her. Within seconds, they were sucking at her belly.
With her pups under her belly to protect, she was becoming aggressive. What next I wondered. So tender were the pups that it was impossible for them to survive without mother's protection. Hence, I had to release her. I fetched an iron bar. Using a rock as the supporting point I unlocked the chain. After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low showing gratitude. Watching the mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述作者在多年前的一个春天的早上，在沿着Coho Creek 淘金的时候，遇到了一只被困在猎人陷阱里的还在哺乳期的母狼，于是循着踪迹找到幼崽并把幼崽送到被困的母狼身边的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我伸开双手。"可知，第一段可描写作者把小狼送回母狼身边的经过。②由第二段首句内容"身边有了要保护的幼崽，它开始变得有攻击性。"可知，第二段可描写作者把小狼带到母狼身边之后的场景，作者犹豫是否要救它们出陷阱，以及最后的结果。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： When the mother wolf spotted me, she stood up right. 运用了时间状语从句； Possibly picking up the smell of her young, she let out a high-pitched, mournful whine. 运用了现在分词作状语； I released the pups, and they raced to her. 运用了并列句； So tender were the pups that it was impossible for them to survive without mother's protection.运用了结果状语从句，倒装句； After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low showing gratitude. 运用了with的复合结构；Watching the mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.运用了现在分词作伴随状语，省略to的不定式作宾补。
湖南省衡阳市重点中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学暑假检测英语试题
一、第一部分：听力，第一节，听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 7.5 分）
1． Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At a shoe shop.
B．At a clothes shop.
C．At a paint shop.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Can I help you, sir
M: Yes, do you have this shirt in size M In the same blue color please. It matches my shoes well.
【分析】问题：谈话可能发生在哪里？根据"Can I help you, sir "我能帮你吗，先生？；以及" Yes, do you have this shirt in size M In the same blue color please. It matches my shoes well."是的，你有M码的衬衫吗？请用同样的蓝色。它和我的鞋很相配。可推知他们在服装店，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2． What does the man suggest the woman do
A．Make more friends.
B．Try harder at work.
C．Have a positive attitude.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Eventually, you'll be old like me, Helen. Now, you have less responsibility — so enjoy it.
W: That's true, Grandpa. I'm just stressed about my grades and school friends.
M: All students do — just try to enjoy your work and don't worry.
【分析】问题：男士建议女士做什么？根据"Now, you have less responsibility — so enjoy it."现在，你的责任少了——所以享受吧；以及"All students do — just try to enjoy your work and don't worry."所有的学生都这样做——试着享受你的工作，不要担心。可知他建议女士要有积极的态度，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3． What will the man do next
A．Organize a trip to France.
B．Send a letter to the school.
C．Prepare a teaching course in traveling.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Is your school organizing a year-end trip like last year
W: Unfortunately not. After the problems they had in France, they've decided not to do one this year.
M: That is a shame. Traveling is very educational. I'll write to the headmaster and give advice.
【分析】问题：男士下一步要做什么？根据"I'll write to the headmaster and give advice."我会写信给校长并提出建议。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4． What do the speakers think of Gary
A．He's unqualified. B．He's well-behaved. C．He's faithful.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: How on earth is Gary still working for this company He is late for everything — his meetings, his reports and he's coming back later from his lunch breaks than others.
W: I know. I agree.But we'd better give him a chance to correct his mistakes.
【分析】问题：谈话人认为 Gary 怎么样？根据" How on earth is Gary still working for this company He is late for everything — his meetings, his reports and he's coming back later from his lunch breaks than others."Gary到底是怎么还在这家公司工作的？他每件事都迟到——开会、报告，午休回来的时间也比其他人晚；以及"I know. I agree."我知道。我同意。可知他们认为Gary不合格。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5． How much does the cake cost
A．$2. 00. B．$3.50. C．$5.50.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I'll take a large iced coffee, please.
W: It's $2.00.
M: Oh, I'd also like one blueberry cake.
W: Sure. Your total is $5.50. I'll have your coffee ready in a minute.
【分析】问题：这个蛋糕多少钱？根据"I'll take a large iced coffee, please."我要一大杯冰咖啡；" It's $2.00."是2美元；"I'd also like one blueberry cake."我还想要一个蓝莓蛋糕；以及"Sure. Your total is $5.50. "可以。你的总金额是5.50美元。可知蛋糕的价格是 $5.50.- $2. 00=$3.50，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、第一部分：听力，第二节，听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分）
听材料，回答问 题。
6．Who is Helen probably
A．The girl's friend. B．The man's daughter. C．The man's wife.
7．What will the girl do at 5:00 p. m.
A．Have a meal with the man.
B．Buy some snacks.
C．Do sports.
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What are you going to do this afternoon Would you like to shop with me
W: Well, I'm going to practice baseball with my friend later.
M: What time is your baseball practice this evening
W: Helen asked me to practice at her house at 5:00 p.m.
M: That's fine. I can drop you off there after we finish shopping. You might be a bit early. Can you ask Helen if that's okay
W: Sure. Shall I call her
M: Of course.
W: But my phone is in the car. I'll call her later.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题： Helen 可能是谁？根据对话内容，可推知 Helen是女孩的朋友，故选A。
7．问题：下午5点这个女孩会做什么？根据"What time is your baseball practice this evening "你今晚什么时候练习棒球？；以及"Helen asked me to practice at her house at 5:00 p.m."Helen 让我下午5点到她家练习。故选C。
听材料，回答问 题。
8．Why does the woman want to park the car in another place
A．The parking space is small.
B．There are larger spaces available.
C．She parks in a spot for the disabled.
9．Where will the woman and Jenny go first
A．The drugstore. B．The hair salon. C．The shoe store.
10．What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Mother and son.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Garage attendant and car owner.
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Mike, can you get out first and tell me if I've parked between the lines I might have to back up and try again.
M: OK. Well, the right tire(轮胎) is right on the line, but the spot next to you is a parking space that is meant for someone in a wheelchair.
W: This spot is too small for our car, anyway. Come on. We'll park somewhere else.
M: Are you sure you want to take the chance, Lisa It's a holiday weekend, and I doubt whether there are better spaces available.
W: Fine. I'll be careful when I'm opening the door.
M: So,you take Jenny to get some sports shoes first, and I'll take Roger in for his haircut. I'll be able to pick up your medicine at the drugstore while he's in there.
W: Oh, thanks. We can meet up at the food court for lunch in…say an hour
M: Perfect.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题;为什么女士想把车停在另一个地方？根据"This spot is too small for our car, anyway. "不管怎样，这个地方对我们的车来说太小了。故选A。
9．问题：女士和 Jenny 先去哪里？根据" So, you take Jenny to get some sports shoes first"所以，你先带珍妮去买运动鞋，故选C。
10．问题：谈话人之间可能有什么关系？根据对话内容可推知他们可能是夫妻，故选B。
听材料，回答问 题。
11．What is the weather like at the moment
A．Foggy. B．Rainy. C．Clear.
12．Where is the woman going
A．The sea. B．The forest. C．The mountains.
13．What does the man ask the woman to do
A．Book a hotel for him.
B．Bring him a coffee.
C．Contact him.
【答案】11．A
12．C
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Are you sure it's safe to drive in this fog You might lose all sense of direction when you drive through the forest.
W: It should be okay. It's just coming in from the sea. Once I'm on the road, it should clear.
M: How long do you think you'll be driving
W: Well, it's a six-hour trip, but I'll stop for lunch and a coffee to keep me awake.
M: And when will you come back
W: Probably on Sunday, or maybe on Monday. It depends on whether I get the photos I need. And if it rains, I might need an extra day. It's dangerous to climb mountains after raining.
M: Okay. Are you sure you don't need my help
W: No, I'll be fine on my own.
M: Call me once you get to your hotel.
W: I will. It's up in the mountains so the signal might not be great. But I'll try my best.
M: They'll have Internet access. If you can't call, just send me an email.
W: Will do.
M: Okay, take care.
W: Bye.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
11．问题：现在的天气怎么样？根据"Are you sure it's safe to drive in this fog "你确定在雾中开车安全吗？故选A。
12．问题：女士要去哪里？根据"It's dangerous to climb mountains after raining. "雨后爬山很危险。故选C。
13．问题：男士要求女士做什么？根据" Call me once you get to your hotel."一到酒店就给我打电话；"It's up in the mountains so the signal might not be great. "在山上，所以信号可能不太好；以及"If you can't call, just send me an email."如果你不能打电话，就给我发封电子邮件。故选C。
听材料，回答问 题。
14．What are the speakers talking about
A．Shopping for Christmas.
B．Performing on Christmas.
C．Selecting Christmas lights.
15．Why will the event get press attention
A．The lead actors are well known.
B．The market is in a famous location.
C．The new actors have good images.
16．How does the woman feel about the opportunity
A．Excited. B．Uninterested. C．Worried.
17．What must be perfect on the day according to the woman
A．The ticket sales. B．The sound quality. C．The costumes.
【答案】14．B
15．A
16．A
17．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Great news! The organizers of The Christmas Market have given us the green light to perform some songs at the market in December.
W: Brilliant! That will really help to raise our theater's company image.
M: I know. The Christmas Market is really busy. Hundreds of people shopping there will hear our company singing.
W: And it will help boost the new members' confidence.
M: Even better... The lead actors are happy to sing at The Christmas Market too! They're both famous enough to attract many journalists, and hopefully that will mean increased ticket sales!
W: Okay, it's very exciting, so we need to make sure that everything is prepared. We'll need a tight practice schedule between now and December. If we're going to go public with some of our material, it's got to look really good!
M: Absolutely. And we need to make the costume department work hard so all the actors will look convincing.
W: Right. I'm going to call a meeting with the sound and lighting engineers to check out the location. It's important that the visuals and the sound quality are perfect on that day!
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
14．问题：谈话人在说什么？根据"The organizers of The Christmas Market have given us the green light to perform some songs at the market in December."The Christmas Market的组织者为我们12月份在集市上表演一些歌曲开了绿灯。故选B。
15．问题：为什么这次活动会引起媒体的关注？根据"The lead actors are happy to sing at The Christmas Market too! They're both famous enough to attract many journalists,"主演们也很高兴在The Christmas Market 上唱歌！他们都很出名，吸引了很多记者，故选A。
16．问题：这位女士对这个机会有何感想？根据"Okay, it's very exciting, "好，这很令人兴奋，故选A。
17．问题：根据这位女士的说法，当天必须有什么是完美的？根据"It's important that the visuals and the sound quality are perfect on that day!"重要的是，当天的视觉效果和音质都很完美！故选B。
听材料，回答问 题。
18．Who is the speaker talking to
A．People who have read her books.
B．People who are looking for jobs.
C．People who want to write their own books.
19．What does the speaker compare writing a book to
A．Completing a work assignment.
B．Writing a university essay.
C．Reading a magazine article.
20．How does the speaker get most of her ideas
A．By reading papers.
B．By speaking to people.
C．By spending time online.
【答案】18．C
19．A
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 Many people ask me where my inspiration comes from, or how I've managed to write a book every year for the last 20 years. Since you all wish to be writers, I will share these so-called secrets, but I'll answer the second one first. How do I write so many books It's easy to answer. I see writing as a job. Many writers start writing because they love reading, not because they love writing. When you are working on a project, you have targets to hit along the way. So just imagine that your book is a project at work. You know roughly how many words long it will be. Let's say 100,000 words. If you write 1000 a day, you will finish your book in just over three months. It is not difficult to write 1000 words. Most of you have written university papers four or five times that length. You can write more than 1000 words a day. As long as you write at least 1000 words a day, you will have a book written in no time. Well, back to the first question — where did I get my ideas The answer is everywhere. I read newspapers and magazines. I spend lots of time on social media and that's where a lot of my ideas come from. Our world is full of stories, and when you find one that you feel strongly about, that's what you should write about.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
18．问题：发言人在和谁说话？根据"Since you all wish to be writers"既然你们都想成为作家；以及" I see writing as a job. "我认为写作是一项工作。故选C。
19．问题：发言人把写书比作什么？根据"So just imagine that your book is a project at work. "所以，想象一下你的书是一个正在进行的项目。故选A。
20．问题：发言人是如何获得大部分想法的？根据"I spend lots of time on social media and that's where a lot of my ideas come from. "我花了很多时间在社交媒体上，这就是我很多想法的来源。故选C。
三、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分）
阅读理解
Endangered Species Youth Art Contest
2023 Contest Now Open!
Join us for our 6th annual Endangered Species Youth Art Contest! In celebration of Endangered Species Day （May 19, 2023）, Roger Williams Park Zoo is accepting art entries from local K-12 grade students in the New England area showing threatened and endangered species. Together we hope to raise awareness about the importance of saving endangered species and their wild habitats.
Winners will be formally announced by May 2023.
Rules & Art Submission Instructions:
▲All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1, 2023.
▲Students' artworks must be puter-produced images will NOT be judged.
▲All artworks must be about threatened/endangered species.
▲Each art entry must also include a short explanation （3-5 sentences） as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.
Deadline: Entries must be received by Sunday, April 2, 2023. Late entries will not be judged.
2023 Art Contest Prizes
GRAND PRIZE（Judges Choice）
▲One Family RWPZoo membership （a S149 value; or extra year added to current Zoo membership）
▲An adopt-an-animal package of your choice
▲One $100 gift card
GRADE CATEGORY WINNERS （Grades K-2, Grades 3-12）
Each grade-winner shall receive:
★Six General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
★One $25 gift card
HONORABLE MENTIONS （Grades K-2, Grades 3-12）
Each grade-honorable mention shall receive:
★Four General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
★An award certificate
All winning artworks will be highlighted on the Zoo's website and social media pages, and in the Zoo's summer WILD Magazine issue.
21．How can you submit your artwork
A．By sending it in an envelope.
B．By turning it in on the website.
C．By handing it to the zoo in person.
D．By having it delivered to the judges.
22．What should you explain in your entry
A．The habitats of threatened and endangered species.
B．The relationship between humans and endangered species.
C．The measures to protect endangered species.
D．The reason of protecting your targeted species.
23．What award will a grand prize winner get
A．A choice to adopt an animal.
B．A $25 worth of gift card to the zoo.
C．An exhibition of the artwork all year round.
D．Six tickets to RWPZoo for general daily time admission.
【答案】21．B
22．D
23．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个关于濒危物种青年艺术大赛的情况，涉及比赛的规则，奖励和参赛作品等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的"All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1, 2023."所有参赛作品均以电子方式提交。网络表格将于2023年2月1日开始提供。可知，参赛作品应该通过网络提交。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的"Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important."每个艺术作品还必须包括一个简短的解释（3-5）句话)，说明为什么拯救你选择的物种免于灭绝是重要的。可知，参赛作品中，要包含简单叙述为什么保护你选择的这个物种。故选D。
23．考查细节理解。根据GRAND PRIZE(Judges Choice)部分中的"An adopt-an-animal package of your choice"一个你自己选择的动物收养套餐。可知，获奖者可以选择一个动物收养套餐。故选A。
阅读理解
Mary O'Connor and her husband Bobby Hughes had been in Letterkenny for a couple of days, when they decided they would spend the afternoon at Rathmullan beach.
Bobby is a diabetic （糖尿病患 者） and needs to take insulin （胰 岛素） regularly. On that morning, he had checked his blood sugar levels, which were fine. He ate breakfast without any difficulty. However, an unlucky incident happened. Mary said, "Ten minutes after we were there he just completely went down. It was just scary and it was so sudden. I think the really severe heat was a key factor, but it reflected how quickly things could change. "
A few moments later, two women from Derry noticed that and rapidly came over. One called Sara who also was a similar patient recognized straight away what was going on. She said, "I had a bottle of glucose gel （葡萄糖凝胶） that I kept for emergencies and I was rubbing it onto Bobby's gums, "
Mary said, "Some young lifeguards were able to call an ambulance and another lady called Emma, who was a nurse, stopped by to help us as well. Eventually we got him into the ambulance and I started to shake from the shock of it all. A nice man, Liam McAteer, whose mum owns the pub in Rathmullan, offered to drive me to the hospital and even took me back again to get my car. " Mary said that the staff at the Letterkenny hospital were so brilliant in treating Bobby that he was able to be discharged later that day at 6: 30 pm.
She said that while there was much more drama in their holiday than she thought there would be, she was very touched by the kind strangers. Mary continued, "It is wonderful to know there are good people and we are both so grateful for all help that they gave us. "
24．What did Mary and Bobby go to Letterkenny for
A．To visit Rathmullan beach. B．To go on holiday.
C．To go to hospital. D．To go on business.
25．Why did Bobby go down fainted suddenly by the beach
A．Checked his blood sugar levels.
B．Not taking medicine irregularly.
C．The severe heat of that day.
D．Being on the beach too long.
26．What can we learn from the scene of the first aid
A．Emma recognized straight away what was going on.
B．Sara was a diabetic （糖尿病患者）.
C．Liam McAteer was an owner of a pub in Rathmullan.
D．The staff at the Letterkenny hospital were brilliant in treating Bobby.
27．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．An Awkward Holiday B．A Medical Incident
C．The Powerful Aid D．The Unusual Couple
【答案】24．B
25．C
26．B
27．C
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bobby是一名糖尿病患者，在海滩度假时，因为高温导致昏厥，这时路过的人们对Bobby进行了急救，在众人的帮助下，Bobby成功脱险。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段"Mary O'Connor and her husband Bobby Hughes had been in Letterkenny for a couple of days, when they decided they would spend the afternoon at Rathmullan beach."Mary O'Connor和她的丈夫Bobby Hughes在莱特肯尼待了几天，他们决定在Rathmullan海滩度过下午时光。可知，Mary和Bobby去莱特肯尼去度假。故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Mary said, ‘Ten minutes after we were there he just completely went down. It was just scary and it was so sudden. I think the really severe heat was a key factor, but it reflected how quickly things could change. '"玛丽说："我们到达那里十分钟后，他就完全倒下了。这太可怕了，太突然了。我认为非常严重的高温是一个关键因素，但这反映了情况变化的速度有多快。可知，鲍比突然晕倒在海滩上是因为那天天气很热。故选C。
26．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"One called Sara who also was a similar patient recognized straight away what was going on."其中一个叫莎拉的人也是一个类似的病人，他马上就意识到发生了什么。可知，Sara是糖尿病患者。故选B。
27．考查标题归纳。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了Bobby是一名糖尿病患者，在海滩度假时，因为高温导致昏厥，这时路过的人们对Bobby进行了急救，在众人的帮助下，Bobby成功脱险；以及合最后一段"She said that while there was much more drama in their holiday than she thought there would be, she was very touched by the kind strangers. Mary continued,‘It is wonderful to know there are good people and we are both so grateful for all help that they gave us.'"(她说，虽然他们的假期比她想象的要戏剧化得多，但她还是被这些善良的陌生人感动了。玛丽接着说:"知道有好人真是太好了，我们都很感激他们给我们的所有帮助。"可知，"强大的援助"适合做本文的标题。故选C。
阅读理解
"I like pigs, " Winston Churchill supposedly once said. "Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals. " Whether Churchill's contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.
And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. A study just published in Animal Cognition by Ivan Norscia, a biological anthropologist at the University of Turin, in Italy, and his colleagues, looked at how a group of 104 domestic pigs went about resolving such incidents. In total, Dr. Norscia and his team studied the details of 216 pig conflicts over the course of six months.
Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick, bump or lift the victim （or string together a sequence of those actions）. Most conflicts ended in seconds, but some lasted a minute or two.
In most animal species that would be that. However, many of the pig conflicts Dr. Norscia observed had interested parties beyond the protagonists （主角）. He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights— and what this says about pigs" cognitive （认知）abilities.
Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to intervene during the heat of a conflict （though this did occur）, he and his colleagues looked at what happened in the three minutes directly following an aggressive interaction. Sometimes, they found, the protagonists made up on their own—for instance, by touching noses.
On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.
28．Why does the author mention Winston Churchill in the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic of the text.
B．To show pigs are inspirational.
C．To state Churchill loves pigs.
D．To prove pigs are clever.
29．What probably decides on the pigs' roles in pig conflict
A．Their ages. B．Their weight.
C．Their safety needs. D．Their cognitive abilities.
30．Why did Ivan Norscia and his colleagues conduct the study
A．To record the details of 216 pig conflicts.
B．To figure out the relationship between pigs.
C．To comprehend the role of bystanders in conflict resolution.
D．To find out the reason for pigs' conflicts.
31．How will the bystander interact with the victim after a fight
A．By shaking it. B．By offering comfort to it.
C．By scratching its back. D．By touching its nose.
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了猪打架后如何和解，这证实了猪是非常聪明的。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第一段"‘I like pigs,' Winston Churchill supposedly once said. ‘Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.' Whether Churchill's contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures. "据说温斯顿 丘吉尔曾说过："我喜欢猪。""狗仰视我们，猫俯视我们，但猪对我们一视同仁。"与丘吉尔同时代的George Orwell是否也喜欢猪就不那么清楚了。但他也肯定在它们身上看到了其他家养动物所缺乏的东西，因为在小说《动物庄园》中，最终是它们在表演。因此，猪是一种聪明的群居动物。可推知，作者在第一段提到温斯顿 丘吉尔是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选A。
29．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power."谁是什么主要取决于体重，因为对猪来说，体重意味着力量。可知，它们的体重决定了猪在猪冲突中的角色。故选B。
30．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs' cognitive abilities."因此，他想了解这些旁观者在解决争斗中的作用，以及这对猪的认知能力有何影响。可知，Ivan Norscia和他的同事进行这项研究是因为想理解旁观者在解决冲突中的作用。故选C。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching."然而，在其他场合，第三只猪介入了。有时，这个旁观者扮演和事佬的角色，与攻击者接触，减少随后的攻击次数，否则可能会发生。相比之下，有时旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎使受害者平静下来，因为它减少了与焦虑相关的行为，如摇晃和抓挠。可推知，在一场打斗之后，旁观者通过安慰来与受害者互动。故选B。
阅读理解
Every language and culture has curse words （脏话）. What gives a curse word its power is partly its meaning and partly its sound. "In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive（爆破音） sounds—including P, T and K, " said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London.
Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what's called sound symbolism. Sound symbolism is when a word sounds like what it means.
The researchers first asked fluent speakers of Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean and Russian to list the most vulgar （粗俗的） words they could think of. Once they'd made a list of each language's most frequently used curse words, the researchers compared these with neutral words from the same language. In these languages, they didn't find the plosive sounds that seem common in English curse words. "Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant （近似音） sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y, "Dr. Lev-Ari said.
Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn't speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive. In reality, all the words were invented. For example, the researchers started with the Albanian word "zog, " for "bird, "and created the pair of fake words "yog" and "tsog. "Participants were more likely to guess that words without approximants, such as "tsog, " were curses.
Finally, the researchers combed through the dictionary for English curse words and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the clean versions included more of the sounds I, L, R, W and Y.
A 20th-century linguistic principle claimed that the sounds of words were arbitrary: Any word could have any meaning. With curse words, though, as in other cases of sound symbolism, "the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning, "said Lev-Ari. "That's a new thing, "said linguist Benjamin Bergen. "Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly. "He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn't an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages.
32．What is the purpose of McKay and Lev-Ari's research
A．To analyze a phenomenon. B．To explain a definition.
C．To confirm an assumption. D．To challenge a theory.
33．What were the participants asked to do in the second part of the research
A．To tell the rude word according to its sound.
B．To make up new curse words from real words.
C．To decide which curse words are used more frequently.
D．To identify the approximants in curse words.
34．According to Lev-Ari, which of the four is likely to sound offensive
A．Tusck B．Sola C．Darn D．Biach
35．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The old linguistic principle of sounds and meanings is wrong.
B．In sound symbolism, a word's sound represents its meaning.
C．The research reveals the similarities between different languages.
D．The result of the research is not fully accepted by scientists.
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．A
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现粗俗词汇中往往缺少一些特定的发音，说明就骂人的话而言，声音本身也有意义，这就是声音象征主义。但是研究结果还需要进一步的证实。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的" ‘In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive (爆破音) sounds, including P, T and K,' said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London."伦敦大学的心理学家莱恩·麦凯说："例如，在英语中，脏话往往含有很高比例的爆破音，包括P、T和K。"；以及第二段中的"Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what's called sound symbolism."麦凯博士与他的同事Shiri Lev-Ari合作，研究这种熟悉的模式是否也存在于英语以外的其它语言中。他们想知道它是否代表了所谓的声音象征主义。可推知，McKay和Lev-Ari研究的目的是想证实一种假设：英语脏话中含有很高比例的爆破音这一现象也存在于其它语言，即存在声音象征主义。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn't speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive."接下来，科学家们邀请了215名以阿拉伯语、汉语、芬兰语、法语、德语和西班牙语为母语的人。参与者听了几组他们不会说的语言的单词，并猜测每组单词中哪个是冒犯性的。可知，在第二部分研究中，参与者被要求根据发音来判断粗鲁的词。故选A。
34．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"‘Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant (近似音) sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y,' Dr. Lev-Ari said.""相反，我们发现粗俗词汇是由它们所缺乏的东西来定义的：包括字母I、L、R、W和Y在内的近似音。"Lev-Ari博士说。可知，粗俗词汇中不包括字母I、L、R、W和Y在内的近似音，结合选项单词，只有tusck没有这五个字母以及其字母在内近似的发音，不是粗俗词汇。故选A。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的" ‘That's a new thing," said linguist Benjamin Bergen. "Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly.' He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn't an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages."语言学家本杰明·伯根说："这是个新现象。不同语言之间不相关的脏话，模式可能相似。"他还指出，为了确保在脏话中缺失的近似模式不是偶然的，如果能在更大的语言样本中找到它就太好了。可推知，语言科学家认为研究的样本还不够，不足以得出确凿的结论，科学家们还没有完全接受这项研究的结果。故选D。
四、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.
Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can't always make money doing things you like （like video games or drinking beer）. 　36． 　
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn't sound so bad. 　37． 　Or maybe that's out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. These are all great choices. But often they are not something you're really passionate about. It's kind of like just doing something because it's there——not very inspired.
　38． 　 Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 　39． 　And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.
　40． 　The point isn't how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people.
A. There are endless ways to do that.
B. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer
C. However, there's another way that is perhaps better.
D. You are dreaming of a well-paid job which you like best.
E. It's essential not to concentrate on interests and good payment.
F. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose.
G. And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.
【答案】36．G；37．B；38．C；39．F；40．A
【知识点】七选五；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何选择对你富有意义的职业。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can't always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer)."想想你喜欢做什么。如果你喜欢写作或做手工，你可以考虑这些事情。当然，这不是一种坏的方式，但你不可能总是通过做你喜欢的事情(比如电子游戏或喝啤酒)来赚钱。可知，本段是在讲述可以把自己喜欢的事作为职业，但是不是所有喜欢的事情都可以， G. And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion. 有时候把你喜欢的事情当成爱好或副业会更好"是对上文的总结，符合本段主题。故选G。
37．根据空前"Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn't sound so bad."想一份你能做而且听起来不那么糟糕的高薪工作；以及空后"Or maybe that's out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker."或者，这可能超出了你的教育范围，所以你选择了办公室或零售工人。可知，此处是过渡句，从提出一个方法到具体的职业选择，职业对教育要求高，B. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer "也许是医生、工程师或律师？"符合语境，故选B。
38．根据空后"Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease."试着为社区服务或让世界变得更美好。例如，照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子们有一个美好的人生开端，或者成为他们想成为的人，或者进入政府或社会工作，改善你所居住的社区的条件，或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法。可知，这里是在介绍另一种选择职业的方法，C. However, there's another way that is perhaps better. "然而，还有另一种可能更好的方法"符合本段主题。故选C。
39．根据空前"For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease."例如，照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子们有一个美好的人生开端，或者成为他们想成为的人，或者进入政府或社会工作，改善你所居住的社区的条件，或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法；以及空后"And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day."如果你选择其中的一个作为你的目标，你每天都会有一种使命感。可知，空处是过渡句，从介绍职业，到这么做的好处， F. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose. " 这些都只是许多充满目的的可能性之一"起到过渡作用。符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空后"The point isn't how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you're always further along than most people."关键不在于你如何为世界服务，而在于以某种方式为世界服务会让你充满目标感。如果你选择了一份目标明确、令人愉快的工作，你总是比大多数人走得更远。可知，本段是文章的最后一段，应该做出总结， A. There are endless ways to do that. "有无数种方法可以做到这一点"是总结性的语句，并且和后文构成逻辑关系，符合语境，故选A。
五、第三部分，语言知识运用，第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In some parts of Central China's Henan province, daughters will 41． wild goose-shaped cakes for their parents before the leap month （闰月） comes, wishing for auspiciousness. There is a 42． surrounding the tradition.
Long ago, there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan, who was very 43． . In a year which had a leap month, the married girl 44． of her parents, who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger due to the 45． month. So, she collected some leftover millet （小米） and headed toward her parents' home. On the mountainous road, she 46． fell down and when she woke up, the millet was already 47． up by birds. Seeing this and thinking of her parents, she cried loudly and slowly fell asleep again.
Then she heard some weak voice and woke up again, seeing a couple of wild geese were staying in her bag and not willing to leave, so she took them with her. When she arrived at her parents' home, the village was 48． famine and plague, and her parents were on the verge of 49． . She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents, and her parents recovered soon. She then gave the leftover food to the neighbors and the 50． miraculously disappeared the next day.
After that, before each leap month, daughters began to visit their 51． and bring gifts. As wild goose is a 52． bird, people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes in 53． of the actual bird for their parents, wishing them healthy and hoping to banish any plagues.
In some parts of East China's Shandong province, the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad to their parents, which 54． "wealth" and "health" respectively. 55． , it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
41．A． bury B． send C． prepare D． decorate
42．A． book B． song C． title D． legend
43．A． beautiful B． filial C． brave D． smart
44．A． warned B． thought C． heard D． reminded
45．A． relevant B． repetitive
C． representative D． respective
46．A． eventually B． accidentally C． hurriedly D． mysteriously
47．A． taken B． made C． eaten D． set
48．A． suffering from B． learning from
C． taking from D． recovering from
49．A． delight B． penalty C． death D． performance
50．A． neighbors B． food C． plague D． village
51．A． parents B． relatives C． friends D． classmates
52．A． delicate B． abnormal C． outstanding D． rare
53．A． place B． point C． pursuit D． praise
54．A． symbolize B． suspect C． simplify D． state
55．A． However B． Therefore C． Otherwise D． Besides
【答案】41．C；42．D；43．B；44．B；45．B；46．B；47．C；48．A；49．C；50．C；51．A；52．D；53．A；54．A；55．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了闰月前，河南省的一些地区，出嫁的女儿们给父母送大雁蛋糕的由来。而在山东的一些地区，出嫁的女儿们会送父母面鱼和面蟾蜍，给父母带来"财富"和"健康"。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：在中国中部河南省的一些地区，女儿们会在闰月到来之前为父母准备大雁形状的蛋糕，祈求吉祥。A. bury"埋"；B. send"寄"；C. prepare"准备"；D. decorate"装饰"。根据空后"for their parents before the leap month comes"可知，女儿们会在闰月前为父母准备大雁形状的蛋糕。故选C。
42．句意：关于这个传统有一个传说。A. book"书"；B. song"歌曲"；C. title"标题"；D. legend "传说"。根据下文"Long ago"可知，对于第一段描述的习俗有一个传说。故选D。
43．句意：很久以前，在河南嵩山南麓住着一个非常孝顺的女孩。A. beautiful"美丽的"；B. filial"孝顺的"；C. brave"勇敢的"；D. smart"聪明的"。根据下文"So, she collected some leftover millet （小米） and headed toward her parents' home."可知，女孩非常孝顺，想到父母的处境，给父母送小米。故选B。
44．句意：在闰月的一年里，出嫁的女孩想到了她的父母，他们一直没有足够的食物吃，可能会因为重复的月份而挨饿。A. warned"警告"；B. thought"想起"；C. heard"听到"；D. reminded"提醒"。根据空后"who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger"可知，女孩想到了自己的父母。故选B。
45．句意：在闰月的一年里，出嫁的女孩想到了她的父母，他们一直没有足够的食物吃，可能会因为重复的月份而挨饿。A. relevant"相关的"；B. repetitive"重复的"；C. representative"有代表性的"；D. respective"各自的"。根据空前"In a year which had a leap month"可知，在闰月里，也就是在重复的月份里。故选B。
46．句意：在山路上，她不小心跌倒了，当她醒来时，小米已经被鸟吃了。A. eventually"最终"；B. accidentally"意外地、不小心地"；C. hurriedly"匆忙地"；D. mysteriously"神秘地"。根据空后"when she woke up"可知，走山路时，女孩不小心跌倒了，昏了过去。故选B。
47．句意：在山路上，她不小心跌倒了，当她醒来时，小米已经被鸟吃了。A. taken"带"；B. made"制作"；C. eaten"吃"；D. set"设置"。根据空后"by birds"可知，当她醒来时，小米被鸟儿吃掉了。故选C。
48．句意：当她回到父母家时，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫的折磨，她的父母也濒临死亡的边缘。A. suffering from"遭受"；B. learning from"从……中学习"；C. taking from"从……中获取"；D. recovering from"从……中恢复"。根据语境可知，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫。故选A。
49．句意：当她回到父母家时，村子正遭受饥荒和瘟疫的折磨，她的父母也濒临死亡的边缘。A. delight "快乐"；B.penalty"处罚，刑罚" ；C. death"死亡"；D. performance"表现"。根据空前"on the verge"可知，女孩的父母在死亡的边缘。故选C。
50．句意：然后她把剩下的食物分给邻居，第二天瘟疫奇迹般地消失了。A. neighbors"邻居"；B.food"食物" ；C. plague"瘟疫"；D. village"村庄"。根据上文"famine and plague"及空后"miraculously disappeared"可知，第二天瘟疫奇迹地消失了。故选C。
51．句意：从那以后，在每个闰月之前，女儿们开始拜访父母并带着礼物。A.parents"父母" ；B. relatives"亲戚"；C. friends"朋友"；D. classmates"同班同学"。根据上文"So, she collected some leftover millet （小米） and headed toward her parents' home."可知，由于这个女孩拜访父母，救了村子的人，村里的其余女儿们都过来看望父母。故选A。
52．句意：由于大雁是一种稀有的鸟类，人们用生面团代替大雁为父母制作大雁形状的蛋糕，希望他们身体健康，驱除瘟疫。A. delicate"柔和的，脆弱的"；B. abnormal"不正常的"；C. outstanding "杰出的"；D. rare"罕见的"。根据空后"people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes"可知，由于真的大雁是稀有的，女孩们不得不用面团做大雁形状的蛋糕。故选D。
53．句意：由于大雁是一种稀有的鸟类，人们用生面团代替大雁为父母制作大雁形状的蛋糕，希望他们身体健康，驱除瘟疫。A. place"地方"；B. point"意义"；C. pursuit"追求"；D. praise"表扬"。根据空后"the actual bird"可知，女孩们用大雁蛋糕代替真正的大雁。in place of广固定短语"代替"。故选A。
54．句意：在中国东部山东省的一些地区，出嫁的女儿会给父母送面鱼和面蟾蜍，这分别象征着"财富"和"健康"。A. symbolize"象征"；B. suspect"怀疑"；C. simplify"简化"；D. state"陈述"。根据空前"the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad to their parents"；以及空后"‘wealth' and ‘health'"可知，面鱼和面蟾蜍分别象征着"财富"和"健康"。故选A。
55．句意：此外，据说面鱼是给妈妈的，面蛤蟆是给爸爸的。A. However"然而"；B. Therefore"因此"；C. Otherwise"否则"；D. Besides"此外"。根据空后"it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father."可知，这是补充说明，空处缺少"此外"。故选D。
六、第三部分，语言知识运用， 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than 1, 500 years ago, accent Chinese craftsmen　56． 　（invent） a new type of paper. It became an essential item for traditional Chinese study and an icon of Chinese culture,　57． 　 is called Xuan paper, or tice paper. In 2009, the traditional craft of making Xuan paper was included on UNESCO'S Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Xuan paper was first made from the straw of rice and bark from a typical tree in ancient Xuan Begroan, now 　58． 　（know） as Jingxian County in Anhui Province. The traditional process of making Xuan paper is　59． 　（extreme） demanding and involves more than 100 steps. The whole process can take as long as two years to complete,　60． 　 the skills have been passed down for the next generation.
Such features like being white, soft and moth-proof （防虫的） enable Xuan paper　61． 　（last） for even more than 1, 000 years. Amazingly, after such a long time, it can keep the　62． 　（fresh） of the ink and color on it,　63． 　（result） in a name "Paper of Ages. "
Because of its lasting popularity　64． 　Chinese artists and also due to its remarkable longevity, so far the majority of existing ancient Chinese books such as calligraphy and paintings　65． 　（preserve） on Xuan paper.
【答案】56．invented；57．which；58．known；59．extremely；60．and；61．to last；62．freshness；63．resulting；64．among / with；65．have been preserved
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍乐是中国的传统工艺——宣纸的历史，制作过程以及影响等相关信息。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，连词，名词，介词，语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：1500多年前，中国古代工匠发明了一种新型纸。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语More than 1,500 years ago可知，此处应使用一般过去时，与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填invented。
57．句意：后来，宣纸成为研究中国传统文化的必备物品，也是中国文化的象征。 is called Xuan paper, or tice paper是非限制性定语从句，先行词指的是it指代的"a new type of paper"，指物，在从句中作主语，故填which。
58．句意：宣纸最早是用古代宣区(今安徽省靖县)的稻秆和一种典型树木的树皮制成的。know与Xuan Region之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，故填known。
59．句意：传统的宣纸制作工艺要求极高，工序超过100道。此处为副词作状语修饰形容词demanding，作状语，故填extremely。
60．句意：整个过程可能需要长达两年的时间才能完成，而且这些技能已经传递给了下一代。此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前与空后为并列关系。故填and。
61．句意：诸如白色、柔软和防虫蛀等特征使宣纸可以保存1000多年。enable sb./sth. to do sth.固定短语，"使……能……"，故填to last。
62．句意：令人惊讶的是，经过这么长的时间，它可以保持墨端颜色的新鲜度，因此被称为"时代纸"。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，fresh的名词为freshness且为不可数名词。故填freshness。
63．句意：令人惊讶的是，经过这么长的时间，它可以保持墨端颜色的新鲜度，因此被称为"时代纸"。result in与上文讲述的"after such a long time, it can keep the ____7____(fresh) of the ink end color on it"这件事，为主动关系，此处现在分词作结果状语。故填resulting。
64．句意：由于它在中国学者和艺术家中经久不衰，也由于它非凡的寿命，迄今为止，现存的中国古代书籍、书法和绘画大多数都保存在宣纸上。be popular with/among固定短语，"受……欢迎"，故填among / with。
65．句意：由于它在中国学者和艺术家中经久不衰，也由于它非凡的寿命，迄今为止，现存的中国古代书籍、书法和绘画大多数都保存在宣纸上。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语so far可知，应用现在完成时态，preserve与句子主语"the majority of existing ancient Chinese books, calligraphy and paintings"之间为被动关系，且主语为复数。故填have been preserved。
七、第四部分，写作，第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分）
66． 你受学生会委托为校网站交换生板块写一则英文通知, 请大家关注一门线上选修课程Traditional Chinese Festivals, 内容包括:
1. 课程时间安排；
2. 课程内容简介；
3. 报名方式
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Notice
……
Students' Union
【答案】Notice
An online optional course named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term. Visit our school website and enjoy it.
Traditional Chinese festivals are an important part of Chinese culture. The course covers various topics of traditional Chinese festivals, ranging from their origins to distinct features. What's more, the inner beauty of Chinese culture can be explored from it. Anyone who is interested in the course can sign up online before next Friday.
What a thrilling opportunity! Anticipating your joining us.
Students' Union
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一则英文通知。写作背景： 你受学生会委托为校网站交换生板块写一则通知, 请大家关注一门线上选修课程Traditional Chinese Festivals。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 课程时间安排: 2. 课程内容简介: 3. 报名方式。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：An online optional course named Traditional Chinese Festivals is scheduled to take place every Saturday morning this term. 运用了被动语态；Visit our school website and enjoy it.运用了祈使句； The course covers various topics of traditional Chinese festivals, ranging from their origins to distinct features.运用了现在分词作状语； Anyone who is interested in the course can sign up online before next Friday.运用了限制性定语促进；What a thrilling opportunity! 运用了感叹句。
八、第四部分，写作，第二节读后续写（满分25分）
67． 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One spring morning many years ago, I had been searching for gold along Coho Creek on southeastern Alaska's Kuprean of Island, and as I emerged from a forest of spruce（云杉） and hemlock tree, I froze in my tracks. No more than 20 paces in the bog（沼泽） was a huge Alaskan timber wolf—caught in one of Tapper George's raps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack, so the wolf was lucky. Confused and frightened at my approach, the wolf backed away. Then I noticed something else: It was a female, and her teats were full of milk. Somewhere there was a den of hungry pups （小狼） waiting for their mother.
From her appearance, I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days. That meant her pups were probably still alive. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for tracks that might lead me to her den. Fortunately, there were still a few remaining of snow. After several moments, I spotted pups' marks on a trail.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest, then up a slope covered with many rocks. I finally spotted the den at the base of an enormous spruce. There wasn't a sound inside. Wolf pups are shy and cautious, and I didn't have much hope of inviting them outside, but I had to try. So I began imitating the high-pitched（声音很尖锐的） sound of a mother wolf calling her young. No response. A few moments later, after I tried another call, four tiny pups appeared. They couldn't have been more than a few weeks old.
注意：1. 所续词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I extended my hands.
With her pups under her belly to protect, she was becoming aggressive.
【答案】I extended my hands. They tentatively sucked at my fingers. Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear. Then one by one, I placed them in a fur bag and headed back down the slope. When the mother wolf spotted me, she stood up right. Possibly picking up the smell of her young, she let out a high-pitched, mournful whine. I released the pups, and they raced to her. Within seconds, they were sucking at her belly.
With her pups under her belly to protect, she was becoming aggressive. What next I wondered. So tender were the pups that it was impossible for them to survive without mother's protection. Hence, I had to release her. I fetched an iron bar. Using a rock as the supporting point I unlocked the chain. After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low showing gratitude. Watching the mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述作者在多年前的一个春天的早上，在沿着Coho Creek 淘金的时候，遇到了一只被困在猎人陷阱里的还在哺乳期的母狼，于是循着踪迹找到幼崽并把幼崽送到被困的母狼身边的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我伸开双手。"可知，第一段可描写作者把小狼送回母狼身边的经过。②由第二段首句内容"身边有了要保护的幼崽，它开始变得有攻击性。"可知，第二段可描写作者把小狼带到母狼身边之后的场景，作者犹豫是否要救它们出陷阱，以及最后的结果。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： When the mother wolf spotted me, she stood up right. 运用了时间状语从句； Possibly picking up the smell of her young, she let out a high-pitched, mournful whine. 运用了现在分词作状语； I released the pups, and they raced to her. 运用了并列句； So tender were the pups that it was impossible for them to survive without mother's protection.运用了结果状语从句，倒装句； After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low showing gratitude. 运用了with的复合结构；Watching the mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.运用了现在分词作伴随状语，省略to的不定式作宾补。

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