高中英语 选择性必修一(人教2019版)
第一单元 用单词的适当形式完成句子 专项练习50题
1.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,___________the weather may be better. (单词的适当形式填空)
2.There are certain dates throughout the year ________ the entire country takes a vacation at the same time. (用适当的词填空)
3.When fighting with natural disasters, the workers were___________(passion) and looked for entertainment through competition. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4.Ms. Ji is an experienced teacher, ________ teaching methods are always making a positive impact on us young teachers. (用适当的词填空)
5.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,________(make)air conditioning unnecessary.(用单词的适当形式完成句子)
6.The number of smokers, _________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. (用适当的词填空)
7.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of__________ are family members. (用适当的词填空)
8.Many young people, most ________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. (用适当的词填空)
9.The plan is designed to create an atmosphere, ________ the staff are motivated to work hard.(用适当的词填空)
10.Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads will be built and the Metro system will be expanded, ________ can reduce traffic jams. (用适当的词填空)
11.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time__________(spend)with his students.(所给词的适当形式填空)
12.The navy played a limited but significant role in ______(defeat) the rebellion. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13.To attract visitors to the coaster, the park has just released (发布) new photos and videos online, ________ show what the coaster will be like from the perspective (视角) of person riding. (用适当的词填空)
14.To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study________(conduct)in Australia in 2012. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15.He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of________ were published in the 1990s. (用适当的词填空)
16.We reached Quebec on the eighth day, _________ most people speak French. (用适当的词填空)
17.They did an experiment and compared the physical ________ (property) of the two substances. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18.Kate, ________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. (用适当的词填空)
19.After running a restaurant for several years, he retired at the age of 65 and received his first social security check, ________ was for $105, as his only income. (用适当的词填空)
20.In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained_______________(stick)abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(所给单词的正确形式填空)
21.That is to say, investment in fixed assets(固定资产投资) will remain at a___________(relative)low scale.(所给词的适当形式填空)
22.As a hospital, famous for its___________(profession) treatment, 301 Hospital is always rather crowded. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23.The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________(range) from butterflies to elephants. (用单词适当形式填空)
24.When he brings his speech to a nice___________(conclude), Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25.He insist on _____________(give) every detail of the case. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26.Much time___________(spend)sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27.In our class there were 42 students, nearly 80% of ________ wear glasses. (用适当的词填空)
28.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____(allow) more patients to be treated.(用单词适当形式填空)
29.Do you have the photo__________we took together in our primary school (单词的适当形式填空)
30.A nurse ought to treat her patients with passion and patience, _________ is a comfort to them. (用适当的词填空)
31.Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_________ she opened with her late husband Les. (用适当的词填空)
32.I am reading a detective story, the plots of _________attract me most.(用适当的词填空)
33.Mary's description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I___________ (be)there. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34.___________(consequence), it is natural for those countries to pay attention to the economic development. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35.This isn't as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while___________(read)an interesting piece of literature. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36.He is a man of straightforward speech, ________has no intention of hurting others. (用适当的词填空)
37.He ________ (acknowledge) as the best player in the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38.Many lessons are now available online, from ______ students can choose for free. (用适当的词填空)
39.Mr.Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ________ he gave it to his grandson. (用适当的词填空)
40.(2017新课标III卷)But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (用适当的词填空)
41.The____________(academic)is far more inclusive now than it used to be. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42.After four decades of reform and opening-up, Silicon Valley of China has___________(gradual)become a global hardware center. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43.She and her family bicycle to work,___________helps them keep fit. (用适当的单词填空)
44.Like many things in life, it’s an ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, _______means you’ll just keep getting better and better. (用适当的词填空)
45.I saw leaves moving__________ (gentle) in the breeze. (所给词的适当形式填空)
46.The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, of___________up to half will be from abroad. (用适当的词填空)
47.It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I_______(do)it (所给词的适当形式填空)
48.They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. (用适当的词填空)
49.The discovery of new evidence led to the thief ________(catch).
50.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message____________ (hide) within the work. (所给词的适当形式填空)
参考答案:
1.when
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意:我们将公园野餐推迟到下周,那个时候天气会更好。分析句子可知,“the weather may be better.”在句中作定语,是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词next week,先行词next week在定语从句中作时间状语,需用关系副词when引导。故填when。
2.when##on which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在一年中有特定的几个日期整个国家同时度假。先行词为certain dates,在关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when,也可以用介词+which,在那些日子,用介词on。故填when或on which。
3.passionate
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在与自然灾害的斗争中,工人们充满激情,通过竞争寻找娱乐。分析可知,空前为系动词“were”,所填空应是形容词作表语。passion名词,意为“热情;酷爱”,其形容词形式为“passionate”,意为“热情的;热烈的”。故填passionate。
4.whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:季老师是一位经验丰富的教师,她的教学方法总是对我们青年教师产生积极的影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Ms. Ji,且定语从句中缺少teaching methods前的定语,应用关系词whose引导定语从句,故填whose。
5.making
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:冷风吹过我们卧室的窗户,使空调变得不必要了。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语swept,且前后句之间没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语,动词make与其逻辑主语The cooling wind之间是主动关系,所以空处需用现在分词making作结果状语。故填making。
【点睛】考查单词填空,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性,对于动词要注意时态,名词要注意单复数,正确写出单词完成句子,使句意更通顺。
6.as
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:据报道,吸烟者的数量在短短一年内就下降了17%。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句,引导词在从句中作主语,意为“正如”,应用关系代词as引导。故填as。
7.whom
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,大多数是家庭成员。 分析句意可知,“most of are family members.”是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词40 people,指人,先行词在定语从句中作介词宾语,只能用关系代词whom引导该定语从句。故填whom。
8.of whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想,其中大部分人都是受过良好教育。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people,关系代词whom指代先行词,在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。most of“大部分”,故应用of whom。故填of whom。
9.where
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:该计划旨在创造一种气氛,在这种氛围下,员工们被激励着努力工作。分析句子可知,空处应填关系词引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词atmosphere,表示“气氛,氛围”,指抽象的地点。又因为从句缺少地点状语,所以空处应填关系副词where来充当从句的地点状语,相当于in the atmosphere,表示“在这种氛围下”。故填where。
10.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:同时,随着建设的继续,更多的公路将被建成,地铁网络将被延伸,这可能会减少交通堵塞。分析可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个句子,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导该从句,故填which。
11.spent
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:吉姆已经退休了,但是他仍然记得和他的学生一起度过的欢乐时光。spend和happy time是被动关系,这里用过去分词做后置定语,修饰happy time。故填spent。
12.defeating
【详解】考查动名词。句意:海军在击败叛乱中发挥了有限但重要的作用。在介词in后应用动名词作宾语。动词defeat意为“击败”,和主语navy构成主动关系。故填defeating。
13.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:为了吸引游客去坐过山车,公园刚刚在网上发布了新照片和视频,这些照片和视频从乘车人的视角展示了过山车会是什么样子。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为new photos and videos online,定语从句缺少作主语,指物,应用which引导该从句。故填which。
14.conducted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了回到水污染问题上来,我想让你看看2012年在澳大利亚进行的一项研究。分析句子可知,此处应用非谓语动词;a study和conduct之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语,完整为:a study which was conducted in Australia in 2012。故填conducted。
【点睛】
15.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他写了许多儿童读物,其中近一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。分析句子,逗号后是“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词children’s books,先行词指物,关系词用于介词of之后,应用which。故填which。
16.where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们在第八天到达魁北克,那里大多数人说法语。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Quebec,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
17.properties
【详解】考查名词。句意:他们做了实验比较了这两种物质的物理特性。physical为形容词,作定语修饰名词,设空处需填名词,property意为“特性”,是可数名词,根据two substances可知,此处需用名词复数形式。故填properties。
18.whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:Kate已经去澳大利亚工作了,她的妹妹在我们上大学时和我同住一个房间。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Kate,应用关系代词whose引导从句,在定语从句中作定语,修饰名词sister。故填whose。
19.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:经营了几年餐馆后,他在65岁时退休了,第一次领到了105美元的社保金,这是他唯一的收入。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 social security check,在定语从句中作主语,指物,应该用which引导该从句。故填which。
20.stuck
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:今年4月,由于火山灰云,数千名度假者仍滞留在国外。remained是系动词,后需接形容词作表语,因为表示度假者被滞留,所以空处需用过去分词
stuck作表语。故填stuck。
21.relatively
【详解】考查副词。句意:也就是说,固定资产投资将保持相对较低的规模。修饰形容词low作状语应填入副词,relative的副词是relatively。故填relatively。
22.professional
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:作为一家以专业治疗闻名的医院,301医院总是相当拥挤。分析可知,空后为名词,所填空应是形容词作定语。profession名词,意为 “职业;专业”,其形容词形式为 professional,意为“专业的;职业的”。故填professional。
23.ranging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:国家公园有很多野生动物,从蝴蝶到大象。句中已有谓语动词“has”,所以range要以非谓语动词形式出现。非谓语动词“range”和其逻辑主语“the national park”之间又为主动关系。故填ranging。
24.conclusion
【详解】考查名词。句意:当他的演讲圆满结束时,惠利邀请班上的其他同学称赞他。分析句子可知,此处应用conclude的名词conclusion作介词to的宾语,由a判断用该名词的单数形式。故填conclusion。
25.being given
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为:他坚决要求被告知案件的每一个细节。insist on (doing) sth.“坚决要求干某事”是动词固定用法,动名词作介词宾语,动词give和主语he之间是被动关系,故用动名词的被动语态being done表达。故填being given。
26.spent
【详解】考查独立主格。句意:由于办公室职员在书桌前坐很长时间,他们普遍被健康问题困扰。逗号前是独立主格结构,time和spend之间是被动关系,故用过去分词,故填spent。
27.whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们班有42名学生,几乎80%的都戴眼镜。分析句子结构和意思可知,nearly 80% of wear glasses是定语从句,先行词 42 students在从句中做介词of的宾语,指人,所以用关系代词whom。故填whom。
28.allowing
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备,允许更多的病人被治疗。本句已有谓语has obtained 且无连词,此处用非谓语形式,主语The hospital 和动词allow是主谓关系,应用现在分词(doing)表主动,作状语。故填allowing。
29.that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你有我们小学时一起照的照片吗 __________we took together in our primary school是一个定语从句,修饰先行词the photo,关系词在从句中作宾语,指物,用that或which引导该从句,所以填that/which。
30.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:护士应该以热情和耐心对待病人,这对病人是一种安慰。分析句子可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,指代前文A nurse ought to treat her patients with passion and patience这个事实,从句中缺少主语,应使用关系代词which在句中作主语。故填which。
31.which
【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意:如今,艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天从上午9点到下午5点在马格斯菲德的宠物店工作,这家宠物店是她和已故丈夫莱斯一起开办的。在非限制性定语从句中,谓语动词opened缺少宾语。定语从句的先行词是the pet shop,关系词在从句中作opened的宾语。关系代词只能为which。故填which。
32.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我正在读一本侦探小说,其中的情节最吸引我。 分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰a detective story,从句中作介词of的宾语,指物,用关系代词which,故填which。
33.had been
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动,以至于我觉得我好像在那里一样。此处为as if引导的虚拟语气,根据句意及句中felt可知。此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况,从句应使用过去完成时。故填had been。
34.Consequently
【详解】考查副词。句意:因此,这些国家关注经济发展是很自然的。分析句子可知,空格处应用副词,副词放在句首作状语,表明说话人的看法或态度。consequence意为“结果”,名词词性,对应的副词形式为consequently,意为“因此”,符合句意,放在句首,单词首字母大写。故填Consequently。
35.reading
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这并不像听起来那么难,而且它比任何其他方法都要好得多,因为你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的同时提高了词汇量。在while引导的时间状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,本句的完整形式为:you improve your vocabulary while you are reading an interesting piece of literature,此处相当于省略了you are,故填reading。
36.who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他是个说话直率的人,无意伤害别人。分析句子可知,逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句,对先行词he进行限定说明,空格处需要填入一个关系词代替先行词he在从句中作主语。故填who。
37.is acknowledged
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:他被认为是世界上最好的运动员。分析句子可知,acknowledge(认可,承认)是句中谓语动词,与主语He之间是被动关系,陈述现在的情况应使用一般现在时态,又因主语He是第三人称单数代词,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时被动语态,单数形式。故填is acknowledged。
38.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:许多课程现在都可以在网上获取资源,学生们可以从中免费选择。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Many lessons,关系词在从句中作介词from的宾语,应使用关系代词which。故填which。
39.when
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。 句意:史密斯先生拥有这幅油画直到20世纪90年代初,在这个时候他把它给了他的孙子。when引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the early 1990s, 并在从句中作时间状语。故填when。
40.who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:但莎拉和顶级模特一起参加了演出,她想证明自己既聪明又漂亮。先行词是Sarah,指人,在从句中作主语,因此非限制性定语从句的关系代词应使用who。故填who。
41.academy
【详解】考查名词。句意:该学院现在比过去更具包容性。根据句意和所给形容词academic可知,空格处应该填入academic的名词形式做主语,academy“学院”符合题意,根据is判断用其单数形式。故填academy。
42.gradually
【详解】考查副词。句意:经过40年的改革开放,中国硅谷逐渐成为全球硬件中心。分析句子可知,空中的词用来修饰动词,作状语,故填gradually。
43.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:她和她的家人骑自行车去上班,这有助于他们保持健康。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整个句子,关系词代替它在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词which,故填which。
44.which
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:就像生活中的许多事情一样,这是一个持续的过程,而这个过程中最好的部分是有足够的改进空间,这意味着你会变得越来越好。通过分析句子结构可知,_______means you’ll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句,空白处所填的词指代逗号前的 there’s enough room for improvement这一件事,用which引导非限定性定语从句,并在句中作主语。故填which。
45.gently
【详解】考查副词。句意:我看见树叶在微风中轻轻飘动。修饰动词move用副词,故填gently。
46.whom
【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意:该课程通常每年吸引约100名学生,其中多达一半来自国外。该定语从句的先行词为 about 100 students,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语,此时指代表示人的先行词用whom。故填whom。
47.had done
【详解】考查时态。句意:是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么跟我说话就好像是我干的似的?此处是由as if引导的虚拟语气,题中broke表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”,与过去事实相反,as if / though后面的从句用过去完成时(had done)表示对“过去”的虚拟。故填had done。
48.who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:它们被他们的主人训练地很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。空处引导定语从句先行词为masters(主人),且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
49.being caught
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:新证据的发现导致小偷被抓。lead to中的to是介词,故空处应用动名词的复合结构作其宾语,且逻辑主语the thief与catch之间为被动关系,应动名词的被动式,故答案为being caught。
50.hidden
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在艺术评论中,你必须假定艺术家在作品中隐藏着秘密信息。分析句子结构可知hide在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语message构成被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语。故填hidden。
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