卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站绝密★考试结束前
2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试（江苏）
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How will the man go home
A．On foot. B．By car. C．By bus.
2．Which meal are the speakers preparing
A．Breakfast. B．Lunch. C．Dinner.
3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Patient and nurse.
B．Hostess and audience.
C．Airline passenger and air hostess.
4．What will the woman do for the man
A．Update online news.
B．Keep the classes in order.
C．Make up for his missed lessons.
5．What does the man need to do next
A．Speed up his car.
B．Slow down his car.
C．Avoid the road sign.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the woman mainly doing
A．Making complaints.
B．Quarreling with the man.
C．Seeking advice from her boss.
7．What does the woman think of her job
A．Tiring but well-paid.
B．Relaxing and meaningful.
C．Challenging but interesting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．When does the conversation take place
A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening.
9．How much will the woman pay in all
A． 70. B． 80. C． 100.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Where is Lynn studying
A．In Madrid. B．In Cordoba. C．In Seville.
11．What is Lynn’s part-time job
A．A waitress. B．A teacher. C．A psychologist.
12．What does Lynn like to do best in her free time
A．Play tennis. B．Dance. C．Visit friends.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What does the man think of the meeting
A．Complex. B．Interesting. C．Meaningless.
14．What is the man going to do this evening
A．Write a letter. B．Attend a meeting. C．Throw rubbish.
15．What is the woman’s attitude towards the environment
A．Unfriendly. B．Concerned. C．Satisfied.
16．What does the woman suggest doing
A．Printing out the poster.
B．Inviting Kate to have dinner.
C．Asking someone else for help.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What does the speaker mainly talk about
A．What courses the college offers.
B．Why today’s students need exercise.
C．How today’s students spend their money.
18．What does Sarah spend less money on
A．Transport. B．Food. C．Clothes.
19．Who loves cycling
A．Colin. B．Jack. C．Sarah.
20．How does Diana get her money
A．By selling a lot of books.
B．By asking her parents for it.
C．By selling clothes made on her own.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Themysteriousworld is where you can explore unknown and most interesting facts about living planet, universe and lifestyle of people. We tried our best to cover all possible information about a particular subject within the posts on our site online. Here are some top unmissable festivals in the world.
Rio Carnival, Brazil
It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter. Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colorful eye-catching costumes and live music.
Holi Festival, India
Holi is a Hindu spring festival, also known as the “festival of colors”. It is a sign of the victory of good over evil, the end of winter, and the arrival of spring. Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other.
St. Patrick’s Day, Ireland
Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland’s patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick. Since 1996, an entire festival of parades, fireworks as well as food and drinks has surrounded the celebration. Enjoy traditional song and dance, watch musical street theater shows and get decorated in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.
Burning Man Festival, United States
As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year. Tickets to Burning Man are not cheap. But once you’re there, you will surely have an unforgettable experience. The main event is burning a giant wooden statue on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.
21．Which festival lasts the longest in celebration
A．Rio Carnival. B．Holi Festival.
C．St. Patrick’s Day. D．Burning Man Festival.
22．What do the festivals have in common
A．There is no need to buy tickets.
B．People are all dressed in traditional clothes.
C．Dance is a generally accepted way to celebrate.
D．They center on specific traditions of a religion.
23．Where is the text probably from
A．A guidebook. B．A newspaper.
C．A website. D．A travel brochure.
B
Why do only famous people have biographies (传记) This is the question two young sisters, 7-year-old Aishvarya, and 11-year-old Vaishali, asked their parents. They were reading famous people’s biographies in school and realized that they knew more about Beyonce, a famous singer than about their own grandparents. So they decided to do something about it.
They created “Grand Stories”, a workbook that helps grandchildren learn about their grandparents. Through answering a list of guided questions and telling stories, Grand Stories helps families learn more about each other.
This family came from India to the US, and all four grandparents live very far away. Obviously through modern technology and some family visits, these young girls know their grandparents and love them very much—but they wonder why they don’t know more about their grandparents. For example, where did they grow up, and go to school How they married and raised their families What were their stories Perhaps not surprisingly, many of the stories the family wanted to know reflect the “Do you know” questions that my workmate, Marshall Duke, and I developed to study how much people know of the family history.
The sisters’ father told about the visit to India when the girls asked their own grandparents to write their biography. Because of his character, the grandfather didn’t share much during the interview. But then he stayed up all nights writing his stories, and when the father looked through the stories, he realized there was so much he’d never known about his own father! Through these stories the father felt closer to his own family.
What these two young sisters have already discovered is how much we depend on knowing our family stories to understand who we are in the world and what our strength is. You can see more about Grand Stories at www. grandstories.. Whether you’re 7 or 70, it’s never too early or too late to start sharing family stories.
24．What made the two girls decide to know their family stories
A．Telling stories at school.
B．Reading biographies at school.
C．Showing their love for a singer.
D．Being asked to create a workbook.
25．What does the underlined word “developed” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．designed. B．proved. C．described. D．imagined.
26．Which of the following words can best describe the girls’ grandfather
A．Strict. B．Impatient. C．shy. D．Careless.
27．What is the purpose of the text
A．To prove the power of family storytelling.
B．To introduce ways of telling interesting family stories.
C．To tell people about the two girls’ family.
D．To encourage people to know their family stories.
C
One of the world’s most significant ecological and environmental problems is desertification. Desertification is a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid (干旱的), typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife. It’s happening all over the world and it’s happening very quickly.
There are several causes of desertification. The immediate cause is the removal of most vegetation. This is driven by a number of factors, such as drought, tillage (耕种) for agriculture, overgrazing (过度放牧) and deforestation for fuel or construction materials. Some farmers farm their land too much, without giving the soil a chance to recover. Others allow their animals to eat up large areas of grass far too quickly — at a rate that makes it impossible for the grass to grow back. Cutting down trees is another major cause of desertification. Trees help protect the soil. Without trees, the soil easily blows away in the wind or washes away in floods. Besides, wildlife plays an important role in the preservation of vegetation and soil. So removal of animals is also one of the main drivers of increasing desertification. Moreover, some parts of the Earth are hotter today than they used to be. This change in climate has dried out a lot of land.
The consequences of desertification can be disastrous. So we need to take steps to prevent desertification. We should pay attention to how much energy we use in our daily lives. That way, we can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released. We can walk or cycle short distances, and use less water. We can also protect our forests by reusing paper and not using disposable chopsticks. What’s more, we should try to make people around us aware of the problem and encourage them to change their daily habits in the same way. As long as we create a harmonious environment, life on this planet will live in peace and abundance, and stop the pace of desertification together.
28．What can we learn about desertification from paragraph 1
A．It is happening slowly throughout the world.
B．It is an ecological and environmental solution.
C．It is the process during which farmland turns into desert.
D．It is the process during which a relatively dry land becomes rich.
29．Why does desertification occur
A．Wildlife does harm to the vegetation and soil.
B．The change in climate contributes to dried land.
C．Animals eat the grass at a slower rate than grass grows.
D．Trees are blown away in the wind or washed away in floods.
30．What steps can we take to prevent desertification
A．Changing our good daily habits.
B．Raising people’s environmental awareness.
C．Using more paper and less disposable chopsticks.
D．Using more energy and releasing less carbon dioxide.
31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Desertification — the major cause of climate change.
B．Desertification — everyone’s responsibility for its treatment.
C．Desertification — the disastrous consequences of deforestation.
D．Desertification — the most significant ecological and environmental problem.
D
As many as 3.9 per cent of people have aphantasia (心盲症), the inability to picture images in their heads. But formally diagnosing (诊断) the condition is difficult. A simple physiological test involving a webcam could one day offer a solution.
Rebecca Keogh at Macquarie University in Australia and her colleagues have studied the effectiveness of a test they have developed for aphantasia by recruiting 56 people without the condition and 18 people who said they have it.
The test is based on changes to pupil (瞳孔) size. Looking at a bright object causes a person’s pupils to constrict while dim objects cause the pupils to dilate (扩大). The researchers guessed that a similar effect could be observed if people were told to imagine a bright or dark object.
In their tests, the researchers tracked each person’s pupil size using an infrared (红外的) camera. They showed a participant a bright image of an object on a screen for 5 seconds, and told him/her to memorize it. After the image disappeared, the participant’s pupils returned to their original size. He/She was asked to imagine the object in his/her head. This task was repeated until he/she had looked at 16 bright images and 16 dark images. The pupils of all participants changed in response to seeing bright and dark images on the screen. About 90 per cent of those without aphantasia also showed pupil size changes when told to imagine those images. However, the same was true of just 39 per cent of people who said they had aphantasia.
Thomas Andrillon at the Paris Brain Institute suggests the test could one day be used to check if someone has aphantasia. But Keogh says the test still needs to be refined before it can be used widely. “We cannot run this study without access to infrared glasses that can measure pupil size,” she says. This is because the pupil size changes seen in those without aphantasia are still very small—a change in diameter (直径) of about 0.2 to 0.4 millimetres. The team wants to gather more data with larger sample sizes and hopes to develop a test that can be done at home via a laptop webcam.
32．What can we do to diagnose aphantasia
A．Changing the pupil size. B．Imagining images in the head.
C．Tracking a similar effect via a laptop. D．Doing a physiological test with a webcam.
33．How was the test carried out
A．By analyzing data. B．By classifying facts.
C．By making comparisons. D．By giving detailed examples.
34．What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A．The infrared camera interrupts participants’ behaviors.
B．Images on the screen changed in response to pupil movements.
C．All participants’ pupils change according to imagined images.
D．An infrared camera can detect aphantasia by tracking pupil changes.
35．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．Diagnosing aphantasia still has a long way to go.
B．Access to infrared glasses is not a necessity in the test.
C．A laptop webcam can be widely used to cure aphantasia.
D．Data with sample sizes are quite enough to confirm the result.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A pile of homework can seem frightening, but it can be done if you make a plan.
Create a checklist of the tasks you have. Before diving in, make a list of all the things you need to do for your homework. 36 The satisfaction of checking things off will keep you happy to continue.
Solve the hardest homework first. Your first thought might be to put off the most difficult homework. If you get the hard stuff out of the way when you’re most alert, however, it will be easier to get through the rest of the pile. 37
Ask for help if you get stuck. If you come to a part of your homework that you don’t know how to do, ask a family member to help you. 38 With a little help, you can quickly move on to the next thing.
Make a homework schedule. 39 If you set a schedule, then you’ll be prepared and know exactly what to do. This will also keep you from feeling guilty (内疚的) about putting homework off.
40 If everyone in your group is serious about getting homework done, this can be great. You can help each other out with assignments, and quiz each other to prepare for exams.
A．Try a study group.
B．Take a break now and then.
C．That way, you won’t get discouraged.
D．As you complete each task, cross it off your list.
E．Try to do your homework at the same time each day.
F．Write down all the reasons why you really need to do your homework.
G．Make a plan to finish your work bit by bit, saving the easiest tasks for last.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I choose to go to the Medical University in Nanjing, wanting to study in the medical field. I would spend the majority of 8 full years 41 China’s diverse culture.
In my first year, it was 42 . The language problem was more than what I had 43 . Even shopping proved challenging. I could not bargain (讨价还价) during my first few months. I finally decided to 44 Chinese language classes.
While studying in China, I acquainted (使熟悉) myself with the local vendors (小贩). My Chinese was getting smoother so that I could 45 with them. There was nothing 46 than listening to the stories they would tell about their 47 . One vendor selling me fresh mangoes would always tell me stories about his home. He 48 told me how his grandmother would 49 four kilos of ginger (生姜) every two days in the winter for soups. He said she did it to keep her family 50 and keep the common cold away.
This story 51 me even today, I look back on this story with so much 52 . You do not understand how special a moment is while it is happening. It was such a simple story that the vendor told me, but I 53 it. Because of him, every time winter comes around, I make homemade soup and make sure to add ginger. 54 how he and his family enjoyed this every winter to keep warm and healthy 55 me to do the same.
41．A．connecting with B．struggling with C．sharing D．developing
42．A．strange B．interesting C．hard D．satisfying
43．A．required B．wondered C．promised D．expected
44．A．teach B．enter C．drop D．fail
45．A．travel B．live C．chat D．walk
46．A．more difficult B．more different C．easier D．better
47．A．lives B．business C．shops D．education
48．A．suddenly B．excitedly C．privately D．coldly
49．A．offer B．sell C．borrow D．use
50．A．clean B．warm C．active D．close
51．A．worries B．protects C．influences D．shames
52．A．happiness B．regret C．pain D．confidence
53．A．imagined B．understood C．recognized D．remembered
54．A．Showing B．Forgetting C．Knowing D．Confirming
55．A．inspired B．warned C．forced D．ordered
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
An Italian health care center in Milan recently posted a video of a wedding ceremony online. The man 56 (accompany) the bride down the aisle (走道) at the local church was her father, Giacomo Chiametti, 57 has advanced ALS (渐冻症).
Mr. Chiametti 58 (be) in the health care center since 2012. He gets around in a wheelchair and has already lost the ability 59 (speak) due to his illness. But he surprised his daughter Hannah by standing up and attending her wedding.
Only the 60 (determine) and love of a father could make this small 61 extraordinary deed possible. Thanks to the efforts of the 62 (profession) medical team that “coached” him for a few weeks ahead of the event, the dad managed to slowly walk down the aisle alongside his daughter and accompany her until she reached her groom (新郎), Mario. It is 63 (true) the slowness that makes those 64 (moment) impressive. “I asked my father to go slow so I could enjoy the excitement of those steps.” Hannah recalled.
This warm ceremony reminded me strongly 65 a sentence I once read at a hospital: “The hospital can be a place of pain, but also of hope.” Mr. Chiametti’s shining face told us of his hope.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．假定你是李华，你校即将举办一场以“人工智能”为主题的专家讲座。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的交换生朋友Chris一起参加。内容包括：
1. 讲座时间、地点；
2. 讲座内容；
3. 期待回复。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Thrilling Camping Trip
Grady and his family went camping every summer. As it was becoming hotter, here came the camping time.
The family had been planning it for a long time and had decided on their destination — the Great National Forest. With food and equipment loaded into the car, the family set off. It was cool inside the car.
Jared, Grady’s younger brother, played with a toy dinosaur and made a lot of noise.
Grady’s mother talked excitedly with his father. Grady put on his headphones and listened to some music. He didn’t want to play with his brother or talk to anyone. After what seemed like hours, the car reached its destination. Grady unloaded his backpack and closed the car door.
“This is going to be a long week,” he said unhappily to no one in particular. He looked around the campground. Hundreds of tall and green fir trees (枞树), some as tall as church towers, covered the mountainside like a green carpet. It would be going dark soon. Grady had hoped the July weather wouldn’t be too hot but now he was feeling sticky.
Grady hated camping, but it was something his family did every summer. His father liked cooking in the open air, telling stories about how to survive things like bear attacks and bee stings. His mother and Jared liked to hike and take pictures of animals. Jared had a collection of insect pictures that he had stuck to the walls in his half of their room. Grady didn’t like them and thought they proved that Jared was a strange kid.
They set up camp — two tents, one for his parents and one for himself and Jared. While everyone else started preparing dinner, Grady, looking for somewhere to cool down, set off for the nearby stream, which was deep enough to swim in.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Grady got close to the stream, an adorable bear cub( 幼 崽 )caught his eye.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Turning around, he saw a large angry mother bear moving swiftly towards him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B
【原文】M: If you walk through the rain, you will get very wet. So take my car.
W: Don’t bother. I think I’ll go home by bus.
M: Suit yourself. I’ll go home first. I’m glad I drove here today.
2．A
【原文】W: Don’t forget to prepare the bread, dear. And cook some eggs, too.
M: Anything else I’d like the first big meal this morning.
W: Some butter and fruit will be fine for us.
3．C
【原文】M: Sorry to trouble you, madam. But may I borrow a blanket I feel cold.
W: Welcome aboard this flight. I think you’ve got one. Could you wait until after take-off, please
M: OK, thank you so much!
W: It’s my pleasure.
4．C
【原文】M: I’m worried about the classes I missed when I was away.
W: Don’t worry. I will try to help you with what we’ve been learning.
M: That’s very kind of you.
5．B
【原文】W: Jim, what is the speed of our car now
M: 80 kilometers an hour.
W: The sign says the maximum speed is 70 kilometers an hour on this road.
M: OK. I have to drive more slowly.
6．A 7．A
【原文】M: Hi, Irene! You look a bit down. What’s wrong
W: Work, work, work. I worked too hard. I feel tired and bored! Especially, I don’t like my boss. She’s too demanding.
M: But all bosses are demanding.
W: I know, but my boss treats me like a slave. She’s always telling me to do this and that.
M: At least you have a better job than mine.
W: That’s true, and my pay is good.
8．C 9．A
【原文】M: Madam. May I help you
W: Can you tell me what time it is now
M: It is just 8:00 pm.
W: It’s still early. Well, I want a facial. How long does it take
M: We have half-hour and one-hour treatments.
W: How much are they
M: Well, the half-hour facial treatment costs 50 yuan and the one-hour treatment costs 80 yuan. If you want make-up, you need pay another 20 yuan.
W: Good, I’ll take the half-hour facial treatment and add make-up.
M: Fine, madam.
10．C 11．A 12．B
【原文】M: Hello, Lynn. I know you’re from Spain. Which city are you from From Madrid
W: No, I’m from Cordoba in the South.
M: Mm, lovely. I’ve been there many times. And what do you do there, Lynn
W: Well, I’m a student. I’m studying psychology at university in Seville, which is a big city near Cordoba.
M: Psychology! That’s interesting. And what do you plan to do when you graduate
W: I’m not sure yet. But perhaps I will try to work in a hospital.
M: I see. And what do you usually do in your spare time
W: Well, I don’t have much free time because I have to study a lot and I have a part-time job as a waitress in a restaurant. But I like to play tennis and see my friends. I also go dancing most.
M: That must be very amusing.
W: Of course. I really enjoy my present life.
13．B 14．A 15．B 16．C
【原文】W: By the way, how did the meeting go
M: It was quite interesting.
W: So what did you talk about
M: Uh, recycling, mostly. We have this plan that everyone should write to the Council to ask them to collect more rubbish. According to the plan, I’m going to share this duty this evening.
W: Oh, I see. I think I might go to the next meeting. I’ve been meaning to do something... Um, I mean, I want to get more active about the environment.
M: Yes, we all need to focus on global warming, ice caps melting and pollution.
W: Yes, we’re facing so many environmental problems. It’s really frightening.
M: Well, there’s something we could do right now. There’s a poster we want to put up all over the college. We’ve decided to print it out and put it up at college. Do you want to help me
W: Sure. It might be an idea to ask Kate to come, too. I think she would be glad to do this.
M: Yes, let’s call her. Why don’t we print it out right now
W: Sure. Let’s do it. Meanwhile, we can wait for Kate’s arrival.
17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C
【原文】 What is life like for today’s students How do they treat money As the university and college terms began, I interviewed a few students. Sarah is a second-year biology student. She says that money is a big problem. She can eat cheaply at university, but she spends quite a lot on transport. She also spends quite a lot on stylish clothes. Colin, who is studying engineering, says that he doesn’t spend anything on clothes unless counting climbing shoes and special tools, some of which are very expensive. Not much of his money goes on transport because he likes to ride his bike around. Diana is a first-year designing student. She makes all her own clothes. This should save her money. But in fact, the materials are very expensive. She does not know how she would manage if she did not sell some of the dresses and hats she made to other students. She says that everything is expensive. That includes rent, food, transport and heating for the flat in winter. Jack is a science student. He doesn’t spend much money on clothes but his rent is high and he spends quite a lot on books, so he is doing part-time jobs to afford all of these.
21．D 22．C 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍Themysteriousworld“神秘世界”网站推荐的四个不可错过的节日。
21．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中的“It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter.(这是一个为期五天的节日，在复活节前40天举行)”，Holi Festival, India部分中的“Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other. (从人们聚集、唱歌和跳舞的夜间篝火开始，第二天人们互相投掷彩色粉末和水来庆祝胡里节)”，St. Patrick’s Day, Ireland部分中的“Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland’s patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick.(每年的3月17日，这是纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克去世的庆祝活动)”和Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的“As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year.(每年8月底在内华达州黑岩沙漠举行的为期一周的活动吸引了来自世界各地的成千上万的人)”可知，庆祝时间最长的节日是Burning Man Festival。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中的“Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colorful eye-catching costumes and live music.(里约热内卢以其著名的桑巴舞、色彩鲜艳、引人注目的服装和现场音乐赢得了“世界狂欢节之都”的称号)”，Holi Festival, India部分中的“Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other. (从人们聚集、唱歌和跳舞的夜间篝火开始，第二天人们互相投掷彩色粉末和水来庆祝胡里节)”，St. Patrick’s Day, Ireland部分中的“Enjoy traditional song and dance, watch musical street theater shows and get decorated in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.(欣赏传统歌舞，观看街头音乐剧表演，在庆祝爱尔兰传统和文化的同时，把自己装扮成绿色)”和Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的“The main event is burning a giant wooden statue on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.(星期六晚上的主要活动是焚烧一座巨大的木制雕像，然后是一场持续一整夜的大型舞会)”可知，四个节日的共同之处在于庆祝方式均涉及跳舞。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Themysteriousworld is where you can explore unknown and most interesting facts about living planet, universe and lifestyle of people. We tried our best to cover all possible information about a particular subject within the posts on our site online. Here are some top unmissable festivals in the world.(在Themysteriousworld，你可以探索关于地球、宇宙和人类生活方式的未知和最有趣的事实。我们尽了最大的努力，在我们网站上的帖子中涵盖所有可能的关于特定主题的信息)”可知，文章摘自Themysteriousworld。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一个网站。故选C。
24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Aishvarya和Vaishali从在学校阅读名人传记的经历得到启发，创建了Grand Stories来帮助家人更多了解彼此的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“They were reading famous people’s biographies in school and realized that they knew more about Beyonce, a famous singer than about their own grandparents. So they decided to do something about it.”（她们在学校读名人传记，意识到自己对著名歌手碧昂斯的了解比对自己祖父母的了解还要多。所以她们决定做点什么。）可知，她们是从在学校阅读传记的经历得到启发。故选B项。
25．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Perhaps not surprisingly, many of the stories the family wanted to know reflect the “Do you know” questions that my workmate, Marshall Duke”（也许毫不奇怪，这家人想知道的许多故事都反映了我的同事Marshall Duke提出的“你知道吗”的问题）以及“to study how much people know of the family history”（为了研究人们对家族历史的了解程度）可推测，为了研究人们对家族史的了解程度，“我”也“设计（designed）”一些问题来研究。故选A项。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Because of his character, the grandfather didn’t share much during the interview.”（由于他的性格，祖父在采访中没有分享太多。）可推测，祖父性格内向。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You can see more about Grand Stories at www. grandstories.. Whether you’re 7 or 70, it’s never too early or too late to start sharing family stories.”（你可以在www. grandstories.上看到更多关于大故事的信息。无论你是7岁还是70岁，开始分享家庭故事都不会太早或太迟。）可知，这篇文章的主要目的是为了鼓励人们去了解自己的家庭史。故选D项。
28．C 29．B 30．B 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了世界上最严重的生态和环境问题之一——沙漠化，并介绍了沙漠化的原因和防止沙漠化的措施。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Desertification is a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid (干旱的), typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife.(沙漠化是土地退化的一种形式，在这种情况下，相对干燥的土地区域变得越来越干旱，通常会失去水体以及植被和野生动物)”可知，沙漠化是农田变为沙漠的过程，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Moreover, some parts of the Earth are hotter today than they used to be. This change in climate has dried out a lot of land.(此外，今天地球的某些地区比以前更热。气候的变化使许多土地干涸)”可知，气候的变化导致了土地的干涸，导致沙漠化，故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“What’s more, we should try to make people around us aware of the problem and encourage them to change their daily habits in the same way.(更重要的是，我们应该试着让我们周围的人意识到这个问题，并鼓励他们以同样的方式改变他们的日常习惯)”可知，我们可以提高人们的环保意识来防止沙漠化，故选B。
31．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章首句“One of the world’s most significant ecological and environmental problems is desertification.(沙漠化是世界上最严重的生态和环境问题之一)”提出文章主题，下文讲述了沙漠化的原因和防止沙漠化的措施，故D项“沙漠化——最严重的生态环境问题”为最佳标题，故选D。
32．D 33．C 34．D 35．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一种可以用于测试心盲症的生理测试，介绍了其具体的操作过程以及存在的问题。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“A simple physiological test involving a webcam could one day offer a solution.(有一天，一项简单的生理测试可以通过网络摄像头提供解决方案)”可知，用网络摄像头做生理测试来诊断心盲症。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Looking at a bright object causes a person’s pupils to constrict while dim objects cause the pupils to dilate (扩大). The researchers guessed that a similar effect could be observed if people were told to imagine a bright or dark object.(看明亮的物体会使人的瞳孔缩小，而看暗淡的物体会使瞳孔放大。研究人员猜测，如果让人们想象一个明亮或黑暗的物体，也会观察到类似的效果)”以及第四段“This task was repeated until he/she had looked at 16 bright images and 16 dark images.(这个任务一直重复，直到他/她看了16张明亮的图像和16张黑暗的图像)”可知，测试是通过比较进行的。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段“In their tests, the researchers tracked each person’s pupil size using an infrared (红外的) camera.(在他们的测试中，研究人员使用红外摄像机跟踪每个人的瞳孔大小)”以及“The pupils of all participants changed in response to seeing bright and dark images on the screen. About 90 per cent of those without aphantasia also showed pupil size changes when told to imagine those images. However, the same was true of just 39 per cent of people who said they had aphantasia.(所有参与者的瞳孔都因看到屏幕上明亮和黑暗的图像而发生变化。当被要求想象这些图像时，大约90%没有心盲症的人的瞳孔大小也发生了变化。然而，只有39%的人说他们有心盲症)”可推知，红外摄像机可以通过跟踪瞳孔的变化来检测视觉想象缺失症。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thomas Andrillon at the Paris Brain Institute suggests the test could one day be used to check if someone has aphantasia. But Keogh says the test still needs to be refined before it can be used widely. “We cannot run this study without access to infrared glasses that can measure pupil size,” she says. This is because the pupil size changes seen in those without aphantasia are still very small—a change in diameter (直径) of about 0.2 to 0.4 millimetres. The team wants to gather more data with larger sample sizes and hopes to develop a test that can be done at home via a laptop webcam.(巴黎大脑研究所的托马斯·安德里永认为，这种测试有一天可以用来检查某人是否患有心盲症。但基奥表示，在广泛应用之前，该测试仍需要改进。她说：“如果没有可以测量瞳孔大小的红外眼镜，我们就无法进行这项研究。”这是因为没有失视的患者瞳孔大小的变化仍然非常小，直径的变化约为0.2至0.4毫米。研究小组希望通过更大的样本量收集更多的数据，并希望开发出一种可以在家里通过笔记本电脑网络摄像头进行的测试)”可知，最后一段的主旨是诊断心盲症还有很长的路要走。故选A。
36．D 37．G 38．C 39．E 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何处理大量作业的方法。
36．根据空格前一句“Before diving in, make a list of all the things you need to do for your homework.(在完成作业之前，把你需要做的所有事情列一个清单)”可知，后文应该讲述完成一项任务之后就在清单中删除一个，保持做事的动力。所以D项As you complete each task, cross it off your list(当你完成每项任务时，把它从你的清单上划掉)承接上文，选项中的list是原词复现，下文“The satisfaction of checking things off will keep you happy to continue.(打钩任务的满足感会让你乐于继续。)”进一步解释。故选D。
37．根据空格前一句“If you get the hard stuff out of the way when you’re most alert, however, it will be easier to get through the rest of the pile(然而，如果你在最清醒的时候把最难的事情处理掉，那么剩下的事情就更容易处理了)”并结合本段标题“Solve the hardest homework first.(先做最难的作业)”可知，整段话都在讲把困难的事情先完成，把简单的任务留到最后。所以G项Make a plan to finish your work bit by bit, saving the easiest tasks for last(制定一个计划，一点一点地完成你的工作，把最容易的留到最后)符合整段大意。故选G。
38．根据空格前一句“If you come to a part of your homework that you don’t know how to do, ask a family member to help you.(如果你的家庭作业中有一部分你不知道怎么做，让你的家人来帮助你)”可知，空格处应该讲述家人帮助你之后所带来的结果。所以C项That way, you won’t get discouraged(这样你就不会气馁)就是所带来的结果。故选C。
39．根据空格前一句“Make a homework schedule(制定家庭作业时间表)”可知，本段阐述制定家庭作业时间表。所以E项Try to do your homework at the same time each day(尽量在每天同一时间做作业)进一步阐述如何制定时间表，选项中的homework也是对上文的复现，下文继续阐述如何制定。故选E。
40．根据空格后“If everyone in your group is serious about getting homework done, this can be great. You can help each other out with assignments, and quiz each other to prepare for exams(如果你小组里的每个人都认真完成作业，这是很好的。你们可以互相帮助完成作业，互相测验以准备考试)”可知，本段所讲述的方法是加入学习小组。所以A项Try a study group(试着参加一个学习小组)为本段主旨句。故选A。
41．A 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在中国学医时所接触的关于“吃姜驱寒”的这一中国文化。
41．考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：我会花整整8年的时间接触中国的多元文化。A. connecting with接触，联系；B. struggling with挣扎；C. sharing分享；D. developing培养，发展。根据前文“I choose to go to the Medical University in Nanjing, wanting to study in the medical field.”可知，此处指我在中国学习中医，因此会接触中国文化，故选A。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：求学的第一年是很难的。A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. interesting有趣的；C. hard困难的；D. satisfying令人满意的。根据后文“The language problem was more than what I had 3 .”可知，此处指求学的第一年是很难的，故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：语言问题比我预料的要多得多。A. required要求；B. wondered疑惑，想知道；C. promised承诺；D. expected预料。根据空前“The language problem was more than what I had”可知，此处指我所遇到的语言问题比我预料的要多得多，故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终我决定报名上中文课。A. teach教；B. enter进入，报名，；C. drop掉，落；D. fail失败。根据空后“Chinese language classes.”可知，此处指报名上中文课，故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的中文变得越来越流利，这样的话，我就可以与他们聊天。A. travel旅行；B. live活，过；C. chat聊天；D. walk步行。根据前文“My Chinese was getting smoother”可知，此处指中文变得流利，因此可以与他们聊天，故选C。
46．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：没有什么比听他们讲述自己生活故事更好的了。A. more difficult更困难的；B. more different更不同的；C. easier更容易的；D. better更好的。根据前文“While studying in China, I acquainted (使熟悉) myself with the local vendors (小贩).”可知，此处指学习中文的过程中，没有什么比听他们讲述自己的生活故事更好的了，故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lives生活；B. business生意，商业；C. shops商店；D. education教育。根据后文“One vendor selling me fresh mangoes would always tell me stories about his home.”可知，此处指听商贩讲述他们的生活故事，故选A。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他激动地告诉我他的祖母会在冬天的时候，每两天用四千克生姜给他们煮汤喝。A. suddenly突然；B. excitedly激动地；C. privately私下地；D. coldly冷酷地。根据后文“how his grandmother would 9 four kilos of ginger (生姜) every two days in the winter for soups.”可知，此处指他激动地和我讲述这个故事，故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. offer提供；B. sell卖；C. borrow借；D. use使用。根据空后“four kilos of ginger (生姜) every two days in the winter for soups.”可知，此处指用生姜熬汤，故选D。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，祖母这样做可以让家人保暖，并使他们远离感冒。A. clean干净的；B. warm温暖的；C. active积极的；D. close亲密的。根据后文“and keep the common cold away.”可知，此处指冬天祖母给家人熬制姜汤，是为了让家人在冬天保暖，故选B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事甚至至今都影响着我，我每次都能快乐地回想起这个故事。A. worries使焦虑；B. protects影响；C. influences影响；D. shames使羞愧。根据后文“I look back on this story with so much 12 .”可知，此处指这个故事至今都影响着我，故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. happiness快乐，高兴；B. regret遗憾；C. pain痛苦；D. confidence信心。根据后文“You do not understand how special a moment is while it is happening.”可知，此处指每当我回想起这个故事，我都感觉很高兴，故选A。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是商贩告诉我的一个简单的故事，但我一直记得。A. imagined想象；B. understood理解；C. recognized辨认；D. remembered记住。根据前文“This story 11 me even today, I look back on this story with so much 12 .”可知，此处指我一直记得这个商贩告诉我的这个简单的故事，故选D。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解到他和他的家人在冬天很喜欢和姜汤来保暖和保持健康，这激励着我和他们一样，在冬天熬制姜汤。A. Showing表示，展现；B. Forgetting忘记；C. Knowing知道，了解；D. Confirming确定。根据后文“how he and his family enjoyed this every winter to keep warm and healthy”可知，此处指了解到他们如何喜欢用这个姜汤来保暖，故选C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. inspired鼓励，激励；B. warned警告；C. forced逼迫；D. ordered命令。根据空后“me to do the same”可知，此处指了解到他们的故事后，这也激励着我做同样的事情，故选A。
56．accompanying 57．who 58．has been 59．to speak 60．determination 61．but 62．professional 63．truly 64．moments 65．of
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了位于米兰的一家意大利医疗保健中心最近在网上发布了一段举行婚礼的视频，患渐冻症的父亲在女儿的婚礼上陪伴她走过红毯。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：在当地教堂陪新娘走过红毯的是她的父亲, 贾科莫·基亚梅蒂(Giacomo Chiametti)，患有严重的渐冻症。分析句子可知，accompany作定语，修饰man，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，故填accompanying。
57．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词Giacomo Chiametti，从句中作主语，指人，引导非限制性定语从句用关系代词who，故填who。
58．考查时态。句意：自2012年以来，Chiametti先生一直在医疗中心。分析句子可知，be动词作谓语，由since 2012可知，用现在完成时，主语Mr. Chiametti是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填has been。
59．考查不定式。句意：他靠轮椅走来走去，由于疾病已经失去了说话的能力。ability后接不定式作定语，故填to speak。
60．考查名词。句意：只有一个父亲的决心和爱，才能使这件虽小但不平凡的事成为可能。冠词修饰名词，作love并列作主语，用不可数名词determination，故填determination。
61．考查连词。句意：只有一个父亲的决心和爱，才能使这件虽小但不平凡的事成为可能。前后文是转折关系，故填but。
62．考查形容词。句意：多亏了专业医疗队的努力，他在比赛前几周“指导他”，爸爸成功地和女儿一起走在过道上，陪着她，直到她到达了她的新郎马里奥那里。修饰名词team，用形容词作定语，故填professional。
63．考查副词。句意：真正让人印象深刻的是那些缓慢的时刻。分析句子可知，修饰动词is用副词作状语，故填truly。
64．考查名词。句意同上。指示代词those修饰名词，moment可数名词，用复数，故填moments。
65．考查介词。句意：这个温暖的仪式让我想起了曾经在医院读到的一句话：“医院可以是痛苦的地方，但也可以是希望的地方。”remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某事”，是固定短语，故填of。
66．Dear Chris,
Knowing that you are keen on artificial intelligence, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in such a lecture.
Featuring the application of AI, the two-hour lecture is scheduled to be held at 2 p.m. this Sunday in the school auditorium, which will never fail to expose participants to scientific and technological innovation. The operating principles and potential dangers of AI are included as well. Then follows a lively question-and-answer session. I do hope that you won’t miss the golden chance.
Anticipating your prompt reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生交换生朋友Chris写一封信，邀请他参加你校即将举办以“人工智能”为主题的专家讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be keen on →be interested in
参加：participate in →take part in
机会：chance →opportunity
期望：anticipate → expect/look forward to
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing that you are keen on artificial intelligence, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in such a lecture.
拓展句：Because I know that you are keen on artificial intelligence, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in such a lecture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Featuring the application of AI, the two-hour lecture is scheduled to be held at 2 p.m. this Sunday in the school auditorium, which will never fail to expose participants to scientific and technological innovation. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I do hope that you won’t miss the golden chance. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
67．One possible version:
As Grady got close to the stream, an adorable bear cub caught his eye. Though Grady didn’t like animals, he couldn’t resist such a lovely bear cub measuring no more than two feet tall with a cute face. It was playing pretty joyfully at the edge of the stream. So absorbed was the bear cub in playing that it wasn’t aware that someone was approaching. Driven by curiosity, Grady walked on tiptoe, moving closer to have a look at it. Suddenly he heard a sound behind him.
Turning around, he saw an angry bear moving swiftly towards him. Shocked and dumb, Grady was rooted onto the ground for seconds, and then dashed to their camp desperately, shouting for help in the meantime. Fortunately, Grady’s father heard the shout in time to come to his assistance. To their surprise, realizing the danger was away, the furry giant stopped chasing and returned to the stream, picking up her baby, and holding it in arms tightly. In the distance, attracted by the noise, Jared and his mother were trying to take a photo of the bear cub and its mother.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述格雷迪一家人每年夏天都会去露营，今年也不例外，爸爸妈妈弟弟都很感兴趣，唯独格雷迪讨厌露营。当大家都开始准备晚餐时，格雷迪想找个地方凉快一下，就去了附近的小溪，那里足够深，可以游泳。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“当格雷迪靠近小溪时，一只可爱的小熊吸引了他的目光。”可知，本段可以写小熊的可爱吸引了格雷迪，并向小熊走去。
②由第二段首句内容“转过身来，他看到一只愤怒的大熊妈妈迅速向他走来。”可知，本段可以写格雷迪意识到了危险并呼救，爸爸救他的过程。
2. 续写线索：格雷迪被小熊吸引——走向小熊——突然听到声音——熊妈妈走来——格雷迪恐惧呼救——爸爸救助
3. 词类激活
行为类
①沉浸于：absorbed/lost
②意识到：be aware/realize/be conscious
③停止：stop/cease/quit
情绪类
①高兴地：joyfully/happily/amusedly
②震惊的：shocked/surprised/amazed/astonished
③绝望地：desperately/recklessly
【点睛】【高分句型1】So absorbed was the bear cub in playing that it wasn’t aware that someone was approaching. (运用了部分倒装)
【高分句型1】In the distance, attracted by the noise, Jared and his mother were trying to take a photo of the bear cub and its mother. (运用了过去分词短语作状语)
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