卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站2023—2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高一英语试题(A)
注意事项：
1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应題目的答案标号涂黑：非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is Mary going
A. To Emily’s house. B. To a restaurant. C. To a library.
2. What does the man want to do
A. Get his hair cut. B. Mail a letter. C. Go to school.
3. What made the woman buy the skirt
A. Its color. B. Its style. C. Its material.
4. How much change should the woman give the man
A. 20 yuan. B. 30 yuan. C. 50 yuan.
5. What does the man think of the book
A. Moving. B. Confusing. C. Interesting.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman come to see the man
A. To check his bag. B. To pick him up. C. To return his case.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In an office. B. At an airport. C. In a hotel.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What’s the weather like now
A. Stormy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
9. What will the speakers do next
A. Get in the car. B. Walk back home. C. Close the windows.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why is the woman annoyed with the man
A. He leaves the baby crying.
B. He allows the baby to smoke.
C. He plays rock music for the baby.
11. What is the man going to do in the end
A. Sing along with music. B. Read about Beethoven. C. Put on classical music.
12. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman usually go to work
A. By car. B. By bus C. By bike.
14 How often does the man drive his car
A. Almost every day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month
15. What does the woman advise the man to do while cycling
A. Keep himself warm. B. Follow the traffic lights. C. Have his head protected.
16. Where will the speakers go
A. To a sports shop. B. To a train station. C. To the woman’s office.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker trying to do
A. Attract customers. B. Give directions. C. Offer advice.
18. Where is Jackson’s Store
A. Next to a park. B. In a small building. C. Downtown on Third Street.
19. Who are the T-shirts and pants at Jackson’s Store for
A. Women. B. Children. C. Men.
20. Why does the speaker suggest going to Jackson’s Store today
A. There is a big sale. B. There are free shorts. C. There are nice new shoes.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It was a cold January morning in Washington DC, a man sat at a subway station and started to play the violin. He played for about 45 minutes.
Three minutes went by, and a middle-aged man stopped for a few seconds, and then hurried up to take care of his own things.
A minute later, the violinist received his first tip: a woman threw some money without stopping, and walked away.
Only a 3-year-old boy took the music seriously, going over, sitting down and soon losing himself in the wonderful performance. His mother wished to hurry along. but the kid kept looking at the violinist.
When he finished playing, no one noticed it. No one applauded (鼓掌).
No one knew this, but the violinist was Joshua Bell, one of the most talented musicians in the world. He had just played one of the most beautiful pieces ever written, on a violin worth 3.5 million dollars. Joshua Bell played the same music with the same violin and the seats each cost 100 dollars at a theatre two days before.
Joshua Bell’s playing in the subway station was a social experiment. It asks questions: in a common environment at a wrong hour, do we enjoy beauty Do we stop to make a response (反应) If we do not have a moment to stop and listen to one of the best musicians in the world playing the best music, how many other things are we ignoring (忽视)
1. How many people stopped to listen to the music carefully
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. None.
2. Why did the man play the violin at the subway station
A. To make some money. B. To see people’s response.
C. To practice his skills. D. To teach a music lesson.
3 What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph
A. Don’t be always in a hurry.
B. Stop to enjoy street performance.
C. Enjoy beautiful music at a theatre.
D. Don’t miss the wonderful moment in life.
B
When some people don’t know much about a topic, they may not realise just how little they know. As a result, they may become overconfident and overestimate (高估) what they can do. A person might think he will get a B, for example, when he might not know enough to pass the test at all. The overconfidence has a name — the DunningKruger effect.
Charles Atwood, an educator at the University of Utah, was looking for possible reasons why some students at the university failed chemistry tests. He realised success for the students depended not only on what they knew but also on how much they didn’t know. If he wanted the students to improve, he would have to teach them to recognise the gaps in their knowledge.
Knowing just how bad they are in a subject may not help a student get better. Atwood thought lifting metacognition (元认知) might help the students to make sure where they needed help. Metacognition, according to Atwood, is assessing (评定) how you deal with a problem. That could help the students realise just how much chemistry they didn’t know so they could study accordingly.
To see if metacognition could work, Atwood studied two classes, which were taught chemistry in the same way. But students in one class were asked before each test how they thought they would perform (表现). After each test, students in the class got their scores through a computer program. Then the program gave them some topics which they’d been especially bad at in the test. Then, they were guided into making a study plan that would prepare them for the next test.
After a term, the class that got the guided study did better in the chemistry course, especially those who had been the most overconfident in the beginning. In addition, they reported having stopped their dangerous overconfidence.
It’s no fun shaking students’ confidence, but in the long run, students will get a lot from Atwood’s method. Confidence has its advantages, but students want to be both confident and knowledgeable.
4. Why are some people affected by the Dunning-Kruger effect
A. They look down upon others.
B. They aren’t interested in learning.
C. They always want to get good grades in tests.
D. They don’t have a correct view of their abilities.
5. How did Atwood help the students who failed chemistry tests
A. By giving them encouragement.
B. By telling them what topics to learn.
C. By helping them set right learning goals.
D. By making them learn from their failures.
6. When were some topics given to the students in Atwood’s study
A. After the next test started. B. Before they got their scores.
C. Before they made a study plan. D. After they made some progress.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards Atwood’s applying metacognition to his study
A. Supportive. B. Uninterested. C. Doubtful. D. Worried.
C
The Night Watch was commissioned (委托) in 1639 by Frans BanninckCocq, the captain of Amsterdam’s civil militia (民兵组织), and described him and his 17 members. It was completed in 1642 by Rembrandt van Rijn and spent more than 70 years in the hall of the civil militia.
In 1715, Dutch officials decided to move the painting to the city hall in Amsterdam’s Royal Palace on the Dam. The almost 12-foot by 14-foot artwork couldn’t go through the doors, so the movers made a decision and cut off the edges of the painting. The missing parts were never recovered. However, art historians have been aware of the missing items thanks to a smaller copy of the original scene painted by Dutch artist Gerrit Lundens.
In 2019, officials of Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum, where the painting has been displayed since 1808, decided to recreate the missing parts. To help them with the restoration (修复), the team, led by the museum’s senior scientist, Robert Erdmann, turned to a new AI algorithm (算法). Called Convolutional Neural Networks, it helps computers figure out what images may have once looked like. The scientists scanned high-resolution images of the original (原作) and Ludens’ painting to the computer. The AI was able to study and correct the painting’s perspective. It also recognized the exact colors used by the Dutch master and could even copy his brushstrokes.
The “missing” parts were printed and mounted to the painting. The left side included two men watching the event and a young boy running away from the militia. A drummer and a barking dog were added to the painting’s right side.
The AI helped the museum reproduce the best possible version of the missing pieces. But Taco Dibbits, director of the Rijksmuseum, thinks that the original missing parts are still around and will be returned to the museum some day. The restored painting will be on show and it can also be seen online on the museum’s website.
8. Why did Rembrandt van Rijn create the painting
A. He loved recording people’s life of his time.
B. Frans Banninck Cocq requested him to do that.
C. He wanted to advertise Amsterdam’s civil militia.
D. The civil militia provided him with strong inspiration.
9. How did Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum restore the painting
A. By copying Ludens’ paintings. B. By using advanced techniques.
C. By employing a Dutch artist. D. By creating a smaller painting.
10. What do we know about Taco Dibbits
A He isn’t satisfied with the reproduced pieces.
B. He is trying to find the missing part of the painting.
C. He hopes the original missing parts will be found.
D. He wishes the restored painting will be always on display.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. The Night Watch finally comes to light.
B. The Rijksmuseum is restoring old paintings.
C. The Night Watch was restored to its original form.
D. The original parts of The Night Watch are still missing.
D
Global light pollution has increased by at least 49% over 25 years, new research shows. This data (数据) only includes light which can be seen through satellites, and scientists think the true increase may be significantly higher — up to 270% globally, and 400% in some areas.
This study shows not only of how bad light pollution has become as a problem of the whole world, but also that it is continuing to get worse, probably at a faster and faster rate.
The study highlights the “hidden impact (影响)” of the LED technology. LEDs send out more blue light than previous lamp technology, but satellite sensors can’t discover this blue light and so underestimate (低估) the level of emissions (排放物). The authors say the actual increase in the power sent out by outdoor lighting, and thus of light pollution, may be as high as 270%. “To take the UK as an example, if you pay no attention to the effect of the change to LEDs, you get the false impression that light pollution has recently weakened,” said researcher Dr Sanchez de Miguel. “However, it has really increased, very remarkably.”
Contrary to popular belief, the LED streetlights, while potentially providing some energy savings, has increased light pollution and also the impacts on flying insects (昆虫).
Ruskin Hartley, Executive Director of the International Dark-Sky Association, said, “Over the past 25 years, the use of LED lighting has been accompanied by rapid increases in light pollution all over the world.”
If no action is taken to change this trend (趋势), the impact on the natural environment will speed up, further worsening the biodiversity (生物多样性) crisis and wasting energy. Many studies have now shown that light pollution, from streetlights and other sources, can have major impacts on the natural environment. Such pollution is likely to have played a role in the huge decrease in insect populations.
12. How does the author illustrate that light pollution becomes worse
A. By referring to certain theories.
B. By providing comparative data.
C. By listing a lot of opinions.
D. By giving some examples.
13. Why was light pollution in the UK underestimated
A. Emission levels of LEDs are low.
B Satellite sensors are blind to LEDs.
C. Outdoor lighting is limited in the UK.
D. LEDs are less and less used in the UK.
14. What’s the general belief of LED streetlights
A. They are good for insects. B. They save lots of energy.
C. They cause light pollution. D. They are environment-friendly.
15. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The harm of light pollution.
B. The causes of biological crises.
C. The trend of insect populations.
D. The importance of the natural environment.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A boarding (寄宿) school is a residential private school. The students actually live on campus in dormitories (宿舍) or resident houses with adults from the school. ____16____
In the USA, most boarding schools serve students in grades 9 through 12, the high school years. ____17____ These schools are usually referred to as junior boarding schools.
British boarding schools are the main inspiration (灵感) for the American boarding schools, so they may look similar. ____18____ British boarding schools generally accept students at a much younger age. They run from primary grades through high schools. Oppositely, the American boarding schools don’t accept students under eighth grade.
____19____ A boarding school offers everything in one package: the study, the athletics, the social life, and 24-hour supervision (监管) of the students. Attending the boarding school is a great way to prepare students for their college life. Parents won’t have to worry about what their children are getting into. Best of all, the children will have very little time to be bored.
However, there are also some worries about schools. Students are away from their parents many months out of the year. As a result, students miss out on their parents’ guidance and have little time to communicate with them. ____20____ This doesn’t give them much of a chance to make friendships outside of school or take part in non-school community activities.
A. They both have a long history.
B. However, the difference also exists.
C. But not all people support these boarding schools.
D. And they often have their meals in school dining halls.
E. Some schools offer eighth grade or middle school years.
F. It is agreed that boarding schools provide students with many advantages.
G. They also spend all their time in the company of the same people every day.
第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
André was born into a very poor family. In Guatemala, less than one percent of kids have the ____21____ to receive a university education. Yet André always had this unusual ____22____ to go to college.
During his last year in high school, André ____23____ the goal to go to one of the best universities in Guatemala City. Everybody told him, “That is a(n) ____24____ dream.”
But André was focused. André ____25____ about fifteen embassies (大使馆) in Guatemala and asked if they had any scholarships (奖学金) for college students. None of them did. Then André took the entrance exams, ____26____ that if he did well, something good might happen.
One of the schools he ____27____ is Francisco Marroquín University. An officer of the university, Monica, said:
“André scored a perfect 100 in the math exam. I was so ____28____ with André that at the end of the ____29____ I told him, ‘André, you are accepted.’
“I _____30_____ him saying, ‘Oh, thanks. Now I can tell everybody about the news _____31_____. But you must know that I can’t _____32_____ it, so you can use my _____33_____ to accept someone else.’
“Don’t worry, André. You will get our scholarship, and it will _____34_____ everything. Congratulations!”
André didn’t complain (抱怨) about his difficulties. Instead, he focused on what he could _____35_____ — his attitude and his goal.
21. A. confidence B. chance C. right D. aim
22. A. pressure B. tradition C. strength D. dream
23. A. won B. kicked C. set D. reached
24. A. impossible B. interesting C. practical D. unpleasant
25. A. called for B. called off C. called out D. called up
26. A. hoping B. finding C. realizing D. deciding
27. A. looked for B. answered for C. applied to D. referred to
28. A. familiar B. strict C. angry D. impressed
29 A. exam B. interview C. contest D. term
30. A. remember B. imagine C. keep D. prevent
31. A. slowly B. obviously C. proudly D. generously
32. A. afford B. conduct C. prove D. determine
33. A. system B. space C. title D. power
34. A. wind up B. focus on C. pay for D. lead to
35. A. admire B. describe C. celebrate D. control
第四部分 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiaolong’s love for music started in middle school when he received a guitar from his father ____36____ a gift. Later, he got in the Sichuan Conservatory of Music.
After graduation, he ____37____ (choose) to pursue (追求) his dream as a singer in different cities. A few years later, he decided to go back home. “I love singing and playing instruments. I thought ____38____ would be great if I could help children in my hometown enjoy music and bring them ____39____ (happy) through singing,” says Xiaolong.
In 2012, Xiaolong took up work as an elementary school teacher in Liangshan. Apart from music, he taught other ____40____ (subject) like math as well. He started to write songs on his own, both in Chinese and Yi ethnic language, all ____41____ (focus) on the children’s childhood life and ____42____ (beauty) hometown. He created a choir, named “Niuniu”, meaning little girls, which now has some 40 members. For these students ____43____ have never walked out of their mountainous home, music has changed them quite a bit. “I was pursuing my own dream before, ____44____ what I’m doing now is more meaningful, as it allows me to help these children in my own way,” says Xiaolong. Xiaolong is currently trying to seek more performance opportunities for the children in order to _____45_____ (great) widen their horizons and share the Yi culture with more people.
第五部分 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. Hi, I’m Max Jackson. I’m an e__________ (交换) student from the UK.(根据中英文提示填空)
47. I didn’t feel a__________ (令人尴尬的) or frightened at all. (根据中英文提示填空)
48. She got her draft back and r__________ (修改) it(根据中英文提示填空).
49. A __________ (实际上), I like acting better, but my friends go to the Ballet Club and I want to be with them. (根据中英文提示填空)
50. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being r__________ (负责任) for a lot more. (根据中英文提示填空)
51. I have just finished the travel a__________ (安排)! (根据中英文提示填空)
52. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main o__________ (官方) language of Peru. (根据中英文提示填空)
53. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your a________ (住处)in the middle of the forest.(根据中英文提示填空)
54. Are there any grammar or spelling e__________ (错误) (根据中英文提示填空)
55. Who is h__________ (主持) this meeting (根据中英文提示填空)
第六部分 汉译英(满分25分)
第一节 单句翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
56. 她看小说之前就已经完成了作业。(汉译英)
57. 这里除老师外再无别人了。(汉译英)
58. 这种花是这一地区独有的。(汉译英)
59. 再往高处去就是一座旧城堡，一位国王曾在此居住。(汉译英)
60. 课外阅读对于英语学习既必要又重要。(汉译英)
第二节 语篇翻译(满分10分)
61. 语篇翻译
作为个人，郎平深受国内外球迷的喜爱。当中国队备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。由郎平一手打造的团队处于崩溃的边缘。最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。损失两大主力队员，是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。她曾面临过各种困难，她知道只要她这些年轻的球员们齐心协力，就能获胜。
第七部分 应用文写作(满分15分)
62. 上周六，你校高一学生在老师的带领下参加了蓝天植树基地的义务植树活动。请你写一篇报道，发布在学校英文网站上，内容包括：
1. 活动过程及参加人员的感受;
2. 你对这次活动的评论。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Tree Planting Activity
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听力答案：1—5 CACAB 6—10 BBCAC 11—15 CBCAC 16—20 AACBA2023—2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高一英语试题(A)
注意事项：
1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应題目的答案标号涂黑：非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is Mary going
A. To Emily’s house. B. To a restaurant. C. To a library.
2. What does the man want to do
A. Get his hair cut. B. Mail a letter. C. Go to school.
3. What made the woman buy the skirt
A. Its color. B. Its style. C. Its material.
4. How much change should the woman give the man
A. 20 yuan. B. 30 yuan. C. 50 yuan.
5. What does the man think of the book
A. Moving. B. Confusing. C. Interesting.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman come to see the man
A. To check his bag. B. To pick him up. C. To return his case.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In an office. B. At an airport. C. In a hotel.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What’s the weather like now
A. Stormy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
9. What will the speakers do next
A. Get in the car. B. Walk back home. C. Close the windows.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why is the woman annoyed with the man
A. He leaves the baby crying.
B. He allows the baby to smoke.
C. He plays rock music for the baby.
11. What is the man going to do in the end
A. Sing along with music. B. Read about Beethoven. C. Put on classical music.
12. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman usually go to work
A. By car. B. By bus C. By bike.
14. How often does the man drive his car
A. Almost every day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month
15. What does the woman advise the man to do while cycling
A. Keep himself warm. B. Follow the traffic lights. C. Have his head protected.
16. Where will the speakers go
A. To a sports shop. B. To a train station. C. To the woman’s office.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker trying to do
A. Attract customers. B. Give directions. C. Offer advice.
18. Where is Jackson’s Store
A. Next to a park. B. In a small building. C. Downtown on Third Street.
19. Who are the T-shirts and pants at Jackson’s Store for
A. Women. B. Children. C. Men.
20. Why does the speaker suggest going to Jackson’s Store today
A. There is a big sale. B. There are free shorts. C. There are nice new shoes.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It was a cold January morning in Washington DC, a man sat at a subway station and started to play the violin. He played for about 45 minutes.
Three minutes went by, and a middle-aged man stopped for a few seconds, and then hurried up to take care of his own things.
A minute later, the violinist received his first tip: a woman threw some money without stopping, and walked away.
Only a 3-year-old boy took the music seriously, going over, sitting down and soon losing himself in the wonderful performance. His mother wished to hurry along. but the kid kept looking at the violinist.
When he finished playing, no one noticed it. No one applauded (鼓掌).
No one knew this, but the violinist was Joshua Bell, one of the most talented musicians in the world. He had just played one of the most beautiful pieces ever written, on a violin worth 3.5 million dollars. Joshua Bell played the same music with the same violin and the seats each cost 100 dollars at a theatre two days before.
Joshua Bell’s playing in the subway station was a social experiment. It asks questions: in a common environment at a wrong hour, do we enjoy beauty Do we stop to make a response (反应) If we do not have a moment to stop and listen to one of the best musicians in the world playing the best music, how many other things are we ignoring (忽视)
1. How many people stopped to listen to the music carefully
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. None.
2. Why did the man play the violin at the subway station
A. To make some money. B. To see people’s response.
C. To practice his skills. D. To teach a music lesson.
3. What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph
A. Don’t be always in a hurry.
B. Stop to enjoy street performance.
C. Enjoy beautiful music at a theatre.
D. Don’t miss the wonderful moment in life.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。通过记叙一次社会实验以及结论，告诉人们需要停下来思考生活，否则会错过很多东西。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Only a 3-year-old boy took the music seriously, going over, sitting down and soon losing himself in the wonderful performance. （只有一个三岁的男孩认真地对待音乐，走过去坐下，很快就沉浸在美妙的演奏中。）”可知，只有一人驻足细细聆听音乐，故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据前六段的的叙述了人们的反应以及由第七段最后一句“Joshua Bell’s playing in the subway station was a social experiment.（Joshua Bell在地铁拉小提琴是一次社会实验）”可知，约书亚·贝尔会在地铁站表演是为了看看人们在这种情况下的反应，故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“ If we do not have a moment to stop and listen to one of the best musicians in the world playing the best music, how many other things are we ignoring (忽视) （如果我们没有时间停下来听世界上最好的音乐家之一演奏最好的音乐，我们还会忽略多少其他事情）”可知，作者想要表达的是人们需要停下来思考生活，否则会错过很多东西，故选D项。
B
When some people don’t know much about a topic, they may not realise just how little they know. As a result, they may become overconfident and overestimate (高估) what they can do. A person might think he will get a B, for example, when he might not know enough to pass the test at all. The overconfidence has a name — the DunningKruger effect.
Charles Atwood, an educator at the University of Utah, was looking for possible reasons why some students at the university failed chemistry tests. He realised success for the students depended not only on what they knew but also on how much they didn’t know. If he wanted the students to improve, he would have to teach them to recognise the gaps in their knowledge.
Knowing just how bad they are in a subject may not help a student get better. Atwood thought lifting metacognition (元认知) might help the students to make sure where they needed help. Metacognition, according to Atwood, is assessing (评定) how you deal with a problem. That could help the students realise just how much chemistry they didn’t know so they could study accordingly.
To see if metacognition could work, Atwood studied two classes, which were taught chemistry in the same way. But students in one class were asked before each test how they thought they would perform (表现). After each test, students in the class got their scores through a computer program. Then the program gave them some topics which they’d been especially bad at in the test. Then, they were guided into making a study plan that would prepare them for the next test.
After a term, the class that got the guided study did better in the chemistry course, especially those who had been the most overconfident in the beginning. In addition, they reported having stopped their dangerous overconfidence.
It’s no fun shaking students’ confidence, but in the long run, students will get a lot from Atwood’s method. Confidence has its advantages, but students want to be both confident and knowledgeable.
4. Why are some people affected by the Dunning-Kruger effect
A. They look down upon others.
B. They aren’t interested in learning.
C. They always want to get good grades in tests.
D. They don’t have a correct view of their abilities.
5. How did Atwood help the students who failed chemistry tests
A. By giving them encouragement.
B. By telling them what topics to learn.
C. By helping them set right learning goals.
D. By making them learn from their failures.
6. When were some topics given to the students in Atwood’s study
A. After the next test started. B. Before they got their scores.
C. Before they made a study plan. D. After they made some progress.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards Atwood’s applying metacognition to his study
A. Supportive. B. Uninterested. C. Doubtful. D. Worried.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解过度自信让很多学生在学业上表现不佳，而阿特伍德的提升元认知的方法可让学生受益匪浅。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“When some people don’t know much about a topic, they may not realise just how little they know. As a result, they may become overconfident and overestimate (高估) what they can do. A person might think he will get a B, for example, when he might not know enough to pass the test at all. The overconfidence has a name — the DunningKruger effect.(当有些人对一个话题了解不多时，他们可能不会意识到自己知道的有多少。因此，他们可能会变得过于自信，高估自己的能力。例如，当一个人可能根本不知道如何通过测试时，他可能会认为自己会获得B。过度自信有一个名字——邓宁-克鲁格效应)”可推知，被邓宁-克鲁格效应影响的人都过度自信，对自己没有正确的认识。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“To see if metacognition could work, Atwood studied two classes, which were taught chemistry in the same way. But students in one class were asked before each test how they thought they would perform (表现). After each test, students in the class got their scores through a computer program. Then the program gave them some topics which they’d been especially bad at in the test. Then, they were guided into making a study plan that would prepare them for the next test.(为了观察元认知是否有效，阿特伍德研究了两门课，这两门课都以同样方式教授化学。但一个班的学生在每次考试前都会被问及他们认为自己会如何表现。每次考试后，班上的学生都通过电脑程序获得分数。然后，这个项目给了他们一些在测试中特别不擅长的话题。然后，他们被引导制定一个学习计划，为下一次测试做准备)”可知，阿特伍德帮助他们设定正确的学习目标。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“Then the program gave them some topics which they’d been especially bad at in the test. Then, they were guided into making a study plan that would prepare them for the next test.(然后，这个项目给了他们一些在测试中特别不擅长的话题。然后，他们被引导制定一个学习计划，为下一次测试做准备)”可知，在学生们制定计划之前给学生一些不擅长的话题。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“It’s no fun shaking students’ confidence, but in the long run, students will get a lot from Atwood’s method. Confidence has its advantages, but students want to be both confident and knowledgeable.(动摇学生的信心不是一件有趣的事，但从长远来看，学生们会从阿特伍德的方法中得到很多。自信有其优点，但学生们希望既自信又知识渊博)”可推知，作者对阿特伍德将元认知应用于他研究中的做法是赞成的。故选A项。
C
The Night Watch was commissioned (委托) in 1639 by Frans BanninckCocq, the captain of Amsterdam’s civil militia (民兵组织), and described him and his 17 members. It was completed in 1642 by Rembrandt van Rijn and spent more than 70 years in the hall of the civil militia.
In 1715, Dutch officials decided to move the painting to the city hall in Amsterdam’s Royal Palace on the Dam. The almost 12-foot by 14-foot artwork couldn’t go through the doors, so the movers made a decision and cut off the edges of the painting. The missing parts were never recovered. However, art historians have been aware of the missing items thanks to a smaller copy of the original scene painted by Dutch artist Gerrit Lundens.
In 2019, officials of Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum, where the painting has been displayed since 1808, decided to recreate the missing parts. To help them with the restoration (修复), the team, led by the museum’s senior scientist, Robert Erdmann, turned to a new AI algorithm (算法). Called Convolutional Neural Networks, it helps computers figure out what images may have once looked like. The scientists scanned high-resolution images of the original (原作) and Ludens’ painting to the computer. The AI was able to study and correct the painting’s perspective. It also recognized the exact colors used by the Dutch master and could even copy his brushstrokes.
The “missing” parts were printed and mounted to the painting. The left side included two men watching the event and a young boy running away from the militia. A drummer and a barking dog were added to the painting’s right side.
The AI helped the museum reproduce the best possible version of the missing pieces. But Taco Dibbits, director of the Rijksmuseum, thinks that the original missing parts are still around and will be returned to the museum some day. The restored painting will be on show and it can also be seen online on the museum’s website.
8. Why did Rembrandt van Rijn create the painting
A. He loved recording people’s life of his time.
B. Frans Banninck Cocq requested him to do that.
C. He wanted to advertise Amsterdam’s civil militia.
D. The civil militia provided him with strong inspiration.
9. How did Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum restore the painting
A. By copying Ludens’ paintings. B. By using advanced techniques.
C. By employing a Dutch artist. D. By creating a smaller painting.
10. What do we know about Taco Dibbits
A. He isn’t satisfied with the reproduced pieces.
B. He is trying to find the missing part of the painting.
C. He hopes the original missing parts will be found.
D. He wishes the restored painting will be always on display.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. The Night Watch finally comes to light.
B. The Rijksmuseum is restoring old paintings.
C. The Night Watch was restored to its original form.
D. The original parts of The Night Watch are still missing.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是科学家通过人工智能修复了The Night Watch这幅画丢失的部分。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The Night Watch was commissioned (委托) in 1639 by Frans BanninckCocq, the captain of Amsterdam’s civil militia (民兵组织), and described him and his 17 members.(The Night Watch于1639年由阿姆斯特丹民兵队长Frans BanninckCocq委托创作，描述了他和他的17名成员。)”可知，Rembrandt van Rijn创作这幅画是因为Frans Banninck Cocq要求他这么做。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To help them with the restoration (修复), the team, led by the museum’s senior scientist, Robert Erdmann, turned to a new AI algorithm (算法). Called Convolutional Neural Networks, it helps computers figure out what images may have once looked like.(为了帮助他们进行修复，由博物馆资深科学家Robert Erdmann领导的团队转向了一种新的人工智能算法。它被称为卷积神经网络，可以帮助计算机找出图像曾经的样子。)”可知，Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum通过使用先进的技术修复这幅画。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But Taco Dibbits, director of the Rijksmuseum, thinks that the original missing parts are still around and will be returned to the museum some day.(但荷兰国立博物馆馆长Taco Dibbits认为，原来丢失的部分仍然存在，总有一天会被归还给博物馆。)”可知，Taco Dibbits希望最初丢失的部分能被找到。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The Night Watch was commissioned (委托) in 1639 by Frans BanninckCocq, the captain of Amsterdam’s civil militia (民兵组织), and described him and his 17 members.(The Night Watch于1639年由阿姆斯特丹民兵队长Frans BanninckCocq委托创作，描述了他和他的17名成员。)”，第二段“The almost 12-foot by 14-foot artwork couldn’t go through the doors, so the movers made a decision and cut off the edges of the painting. The missing parts were never recovered.(这幅近12英尺乘14英尺的艺术品无法通过大门，所以搬运工做出了一个决定，剪掉了画作的边缘。丢失的部分再也没有找到。)”和倒数第三段“The scientists scanned high-resolution images of the original (原作) and Ludens’ painting to the computer. The AI was able to study and correct the painting’s perspective. It also recognized the exact colors used by the Dutch master and could even copy his brushstrokes.(科学家们将原作和卢登斯画作的高分辨率图像扫描到电脑中。人工智能能够研究和纠正这幅画的视角。它还能准确识别这位荷兰大师使用的颜色，甚至能模仿他的笔触。)”，本文主要讲的是科学家通过人工智能修复了The Night Watch这幅画丢失的部分，因此主旨是C选项“The Night Watch was restored to its original form.(The Night Watch恢复了原来的形态。)”。故选C。
D
Global light pollution has increased by at least 49% over 25 years, new research shows. This data (数据) only includes light which can be seen through satellites, and scientists think the true increase may be significantly higher — up to 270% globally, and 400% in some areas.
This study shows not only of how bad light pollution has become as a problem of the whole world, but also that it is continuing to get worse, probably at a faster and faster rate.
The study highlights the “hidden impact (影响)” of the LED technology. LEDs send out more blue light than previous lamp technology, but satellite sensors can’t discover this blue light and so underestimate (低估) the level of emissions (排放物). The authors say the actual increase in the power sent out by outdoor lighting, and thus of light pollution, may be as high as 270%. “To take the UK as an example, if you pay no attention to the effect of the change to LEDs, you get the false impression that light pollution has recently weakened,” said researcher Dr Sanchez de Miguel. “However, it has really increased, very remarkably.”
Contrary to popular belief, the LED streetlights, while potentially providing some energy savings, has increased light pollution and also the impacts on flying insects (昆虫).
Ruskin Hartley, Executive Director of the International Dark-Sky Association, said, “Over the past 25 years, the use of LED lighting has been accompanied by rapid increases in light pollution all over the world.”
If no action is taken to change this trend (趋势), the impact on the natural environment will speed up, further worsening the biodiversity (生物多样性) crisis and wasting energy. Many studies have now shown that light pollution, from streetlights and other sources, can have major impacts on the natural environment. Such pollution is likely to have played a role in the huge decrease in insect populations.
12. How does the author illustrate that light pollution becomes worse
A. By referring to certain theories.
B. By providing comparative data.
C. By listing a lot of opinions.
D. By giving some examples.
13. Why was light pollution in the UK underestimated
A. Emission levels of LEDs are low.
B. Satellite sensors are blind to LEDs.
C. Outdoor lighting is limited in the UK.
D. LEDs are less and less used in the UK.
14. What’s the general belief of LED streetlights
A They are good for insects. B. They save lots of energy.
C. They cause light pollution. D. They are environment-friendly.
15. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The harm of light pollution.
B. The causes of biological crises.
C. The trend of insect populations.
D. The importance of the natural environment.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是研究表明了光污染已经成为一个全球性问题，而且还在继续恶化，而且可能会以越来越快的速度恶化，该研究还强调了LED技术的“隐性影响”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Global light pollution has increased by at least 49% over 25 years, new research shows. This data (数据) only includes light which can be seen through satellites, and scientists think the true increase may be significantly higher — up to 270% globally, and 400% in some areas.(一项新的研究表明，全球光污染在过去25年里至少增加了49%。这些数据只包括通过卫星可以看到的光，科学家们认为真正的增长可能要高得多——在全球范围内高达270%，在某些地区高达400%)”可推知，作者通过提供比较数据来说明光污染越来越严重。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“LEDs send out more blue light than previous lamp technology, but satellite sensors can’t discover this blue light and so underestimate (低估) the level of emissions (排放物).(LED比以前的灯技术发出更多的蓝光，但卫星传感器无法发现这种蓝光，因此低估了光污染排放水平)”可知，英国的光污染被低估了是因为卫星传感器看不到LED。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Contrary to popular belief, the LED streetlights, while potentially providing some energy savings, has increased light pollution and also the impacts on flying insects (昆虫).(与普遍的看法相反，LED路灯虽然可能会节省一些能源，但却增加了光污染，并对飞虫产生了影响)”可推知，大家对LED路灯的普遍看法是它们节省了大量的能源。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If no action is taken to change this trend (趋势), the impact on the natural environment will speed up, further worsening the biodiversity (生物多样性) crisis and wasting energy. Many studies have now shown that light pollution, from streetlights and other sources, can have major impacts on the natural environment. Such pollution is likely to have played a role in the huge decrease in insect populations.(如果不采取行动改变这一趋势，对自然环境的影响将加速，进一步恶化生物多样性危机和浪费能源。许多研究表明，来自路灯和其他来源的光污染会对自然环境产生重大影响。这种污染很可能是导致昆虫数量大幅减少的原因之一)”可知，最后一段着重论述了光污染的危害。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A boarding (寄宿) school is a residential private school. The students actually live on campus in dormitories (宿舍) or resident houses with adults from the school. ____16____
In the USA, most boarding schools serve students in grades 9 through 12, the high school years. ____17____ These schools are usually referred to as junior boarding schools.
British boarding schools are the main inspiration (灵感) for the American boarding schools, so they may look similar. ____18____ British boarding schools generally accept students at a much younger age. They run from primary grades through high schools. Oppositely, the American boarding schools don’t accept students under eighth grade.
____19____ A boarding school offers everything in one package: the study, the athletics, the social life, and 24-hour supervision (监管) of the students. Attending the boarding school is a great way to prepare students for their college life. Parents won’t have to worry about what their children are getting into. Best of all, the children will have very little time to be bored.
However, there are also some worries about schools. Students are away from their parents many months out of the year. As a result, students miss out on their parents’ guidance and have little time to communicate with them. ____20____ This doesn’t give them much of a chance to make friendships outside of school or take part in non-school community activities.
A. They both have a long history.
B. However, the difference also exists.
C. But not all people support these boarding schools.
D And they often have their meals in school dining halls.
E. Some schools offer eighth grade or middle school years.
F. It is agreed that boarding schools provide students with many advantages.
G. They also spend all their time in the company of the same people every day.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了寄宿学校是什么，英国和美国寄宿学校的差异以及寄宿学校的好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A boarding (寄宿) school is a residential private school. The students actually live on campus in dormitories (宿舍) or resident houses with adults from the school.(寄宿学校是一种寄宿的私立学校。实际上，学生们和学校的成年人一起住在宿舍或宿舍里)”可知，本句主要是在说明寄宿学校的一些生活情况。故D选项“他们经常在学校食堂吃饭”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In the USA, most boarding schools serve students in grades 9 through 12, the high school years.(在美国，大多数寄宿学校招收9年级到12年级的学生，也就是高中阶段)”可知，本段主要说明了寄宿学校招收的孩子的情况，故E选项“有些学校提供八年级或中学课程”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“British boarding schools are the main inspiration (灵感) for the American boarding schools, so they may look similar.(英国寄宿学校是美国寄宿学校的主要灵感来源，所以它们可能看起来很相似)”以及后文“British boarding schools generally accept students at a much younger age. They run from primary grades through high schools. Oppositely, the American boarding schools don’t accept students under eighth grade.(英国的寄宿学校通常接受年龄要小得多的学生。他们从小学一直到高中。相反，美国寄宿学校不接受八年级以下的学生)”可知，后文主要比较了英国和美国寄宿学校的不同点，即差异。故B选项“然而，差异也是存在的”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后文“A boarding school offers everything in one package: the study, the athletics, the social life, and 24-hour supervision (监管) of the students. Attending the boarding school is a great way to prepare students for their college life. Parents won’t have to worry about what their children are getting into. Best of all, the children will have very little time to be bored.(寄宿学校提供一切：学习、体育、社交生活和24小时监督。上寄宿学校是为学生的大学生活做准备的好方法。父母不必担心他们的孩子会进入染上什么不良爱好。最重要的是，孩子们将很少有时间感到无聊)”可知，本段主要说明了寄宿学校的好处。故F选项“人们一致认为寄宿学校给学生提供很多好处”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据后文“This doesn’t give them much of a chance to make friendships outside of school or take part in non-school community activities.(这并没有给他们太多的机会在校外交朋友或参加非学校的社区活动)”可知，后文提到了学生没机会校外交朋友，本句说明原因：每天都和同一群人在一起。故G选项“他们每天都和同一群人在一起”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
André was born into a very poor family. In Guatemala, less than one percent of kids have the ____21____ to receive a university education. Yet André always had this unusual ____22____ to go to college.
During his last year in high school, André ____23____ the goal to go to one of the best universities in Guatemala City. Everybody told him, “That is a(n) ____24____ dream.”
But André was focused. André ____25____ about fifteen embassies (大使馆) in Guatemala and asked if they had any scholarships (奖学金) for college students. None of them did. Then André took the entrance exams, ____26____ that if he did well, something good might happen.
One of the schools he ____27____ is Francisco Marroquín University. An officer of the university, Monica, said:
“André scored a perfect 100 in the math exam. I was so ____28____ with André that at the end of the ____29____ I told him, ‘André, you are accepted.’
“I _____30_____ him saying, ‘Oh, thanks. Now I can tell everybody about the news _____31_____. But you must know that I can’t _____32_____ it, so you can use my _____33_____ to accept someone else.’
“Don’t worry, André. You will get our scholarship, and it will _____34_____ everything. Congratulations!”
André didn’t complain (抱怨) about his difficulties. Instead, he focused on what he could _____35_____ — his attitude and his goal.
21. A. confidence B. chance C. right D. aim
22. A. pressure B. tradition C. strength D. dream
23. A. won B. kicked C. set D. reached
24. A. impossible B. interesting C. practical D. unpleasant
25. A. called for B. called off C. called out D. called up
26. A. hoping B. finding C. realizing D. deciding
27. A. looked for B. answered for C. applied to D. referred to
28. A. familiar B. strict C. angry D. impressed
29. A. exam B. interview C. contest D. term
30. A. remember B. imagine C. keep D. prevent
31. A. slowly B. obviously C. proudly D. generously
32. A. afford B. conduct C. prove D. determine
33. A. system B. space C. title D. power
34. A. wind up B. focus on C. pay for D. lead to
35. A. admire B. describe C. celebrate D. control
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了André克服困难、实现大学梦想的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在危地马拉，只有不到1%的孩子有机会接受大学教育。A. confidence信心；B. chance机会；C. right权利；D. aim目的。根据空后“to receive a university education.”可推测，在危地马拉，只有不到1%的孩子有机会接受大学教育。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，André一直有一个不寻常的梦想，那就是上大学。A. pressure压力；B. tradition传统；C. strength力量；D. dream梦想。根据下文“Everybody told him, “That is a(n) ____4____ dream.”可知，上大学是André的梦想。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在高中的最后一年，André定下了目标，要去危地马拉城最好的大学之一。A. won赢；B. kicked踢；C. set设立；D. reached到达。根据上文“Yet André always had this unusual ____2____ to go to college.”可知，他想要上大学，所以在高中最后一年，他是定下了目标。考查短语：set the goal，意为“设定目标”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都告诉他：“那是一个不可能实现的梦想。”A. impossible不可能；B. interesting有趣的；C. practical实用的；D. unpleasant不适的。根据上文“In Guatemala, less than one percent of kids have the ____1____ to receive a university education.”可知，在危地马拉，上大学的比率是非常低的。由此可知，其他人都告诉他，这个梦想是不可能实现的。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：André打电话给危地马拉的15个大使馆，询问他们是否为大学生提供奖学金。A. called for需要；B. called off取消；C. called out出动、大声叫喊；D. called up打电话、想起、召集。根据空后的“fifteen embassies (大使馆)”可知，他是打电话询问是否有奖学金。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后André参加了入学考试，希望如果他考得好，就会有好事发生。A. hoping希望；B. finding发现；C. realizing明白；D. deciding决定。根据空后“if he did well, something good might happen.”可知，下文是他的希望。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他申请的学校之一是Francisco Marroquín大学。A. looked for寻找；B. answered for对……负责；C. applied to适用于；向……申请；D. referred to提及。根据下文““André scored a perfect 100 in the math exam. I was so ____8____ with André that at the end of the ____9____ I told him, ‘André, you are accepted.’”可知，这所大学时他申请的学校之一。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“André在数学考试中得了满分100分。我对André印象深刻，面试结束时我对他说：‘André，你被允许进入大学接受教育。’”A. familiar熟悉的；B. strict严格的；C. angry愤怒的；D. impressed有印象的。根据上文“André scored a perfect 100 in the math exam.”可知，André在数学考试中得了满分100分，由此可知，考官对他印象深刻。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“André在数学考试中得了满分100分。我对André印象深刻，面试结束时我对他说：‘André，你你被允许进入大学接受教育。’”A. exam考试；B. interview面试；C. contest竞赛；D. term学期。根据下文“I told him, ‘André, you are accepted.’”可知，这是发生在面试结束时候。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我记得他说，‘哦，谢谢。现在我可以自豪地告诉大家这个消息。但你必须知道我负担不起，所以你可以用我名额来接受别人。”A. remember记得；B. imagine想象；C. keep保持；D. prevent阻止。根据下文“him saying, ‘Oh, thanks. Now I can tell everybody about the news ____11____. But you must know that I can’t ____12____ it, so you can use my ____13____ to accept someone else.’”可知，下文是对当时情况的回忆，由此可知，空处指的是“记得……”。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我记得他说，‘哦，谢谢。现在我可以自豪地告诉大家这个消息。但你必须知道我负担不起，所以你可以用我的名额来接受别人。”A. slowly缓慢地；B. obviously显而易见地；C. proudly自豪地；D. generously慷慨地。根据上文“André, you are accepted.”可知，他被这所大学录取了，根据常理可知，他应该是可以自豪地告诉别人这个消息。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我记得他说，‘哦，谢谢。现在我可以自豪地告诉大家这个消息。但你必须知道我负担不起，所以你可以用我的名额来接受别人。”A. afford负担得起；B. conduct实施；C. prove证明；D. determine决定。根据上文“André was born into a very poor family.”可知，André家庭贫困，由此可知，André无法负担学费。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我记得他说，‘哦，谢谢。现在我可以自豪地告诉大家这个消息。但你必须知道我负担不起，所以你可以用我的空位来接受别人。”A. system系统；B. space空间、空位；C. title标题；D. power力量、权力。根据上文“you must know that I can’t ____12____ it,”可知，André家庭贫困，所以他无法负担学费，因此他的意思是自己不能上大学，可以将自己空出的名额让给他人。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“别担心，André。你会得到我们的奖学金，它会支付你所有的费用。恭喜你！”A. wind up介绍、上发条；B. focus on专注于；C. pay for付款；D. lead to导致。根据上文“Don’t worry, André. You will get our scholarship,”可知，André获得了奖学金，用于支付所有大学费用。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他专注于他能控制的东西——他的态度和目标。A. admire钦佩；B. describe描述；C. celebrate庆祝；D. control控制。根据上文“André didn’t complain (抱怨) about his difficulties.”可知，他从不抱怨自己遇到的困难；而根据空后“his attitude and his goal.”可知，他不会抱怨自己遇到的困难，只会专注于自己能控制的。故选D。
第四部分 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiaolong’s love for music started in middle school when he received a guitar from his father ____36____ a gift. Later, he got in the Sichuan Conservatory of Music.
After graduation, he ____37____ (choose) to pursue (追求) his dream as a singer in different cities. A few years later, he decided to go back home. “I love singing and playing instruments. I thought ____38____ would be great if I could help children in my hometown enjoy music and bring them ____39____ (happy) through singing,” says Xiaolong.
In 2012, Xiaolong took up work as an elementary school teacher in Liangshan. Apart from music, he taught other ____40____ (subject) like math as well. He started to write songs on his own, both in Chinese and Yi ethnic language, all ____41____ (focus) on the children’s childhood life and ____42____ (beauty) hometown. He created a choir, named “Niuniu”, meaning little girls, which now has some 40 members. For these students ____43____ have never walked out of their mountainous home, music has changed them quite a bit. “I was pursuing my own dream before, ____44____ what I’m doing now is more meaningful, as it allows me to help these children in my own way,” says Xiaolong. Xiaolong is currently trying to seek more performance opportunities for the children in order to _____45_____ (great) widen their horizons and share the Yi culture with more people.
【答案】36. as 37. chose
38. it 39. happiness
40. subjects
41. focusing
42. beautiful
43. who##that
44. but 45. greatly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了小龙毕业后在凉山教书，给当地孩子带去音乐的事情。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：小龙对音乐的热爱始于中学，当时他收到了父亲送给他的一把吉他作为礼物。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：毕业后，他选择在不同的城市追求自己的歌手梦想。根据上文After graduation可知事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，空格处谓语动词使用过去式。故填chose。
【38题详解】
考查it用法。句意：我想如果我能帮助家乡的孩子们享受音乐，通过唱歌给他们带来快乐，那就太好了。此处为think后的宾语从句，it作主语，故填it。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：我想如果我能帮助家乡的孩子们享受音乐，通过唱歌给他们带来快乐，那就太好了。作动词bring的宾语，应用名词happiness，不可数。故填happiness。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：除了音乐，他还教其他科目，如数学。subject为可数名词，根据上文other可知应用复数。故填subjects。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他开始自己写歌，用中文和彝族语言写，都是关于孩子们的童年生活和美丽的家乡。分析句子结构可知此处为独立主格结构，此处focus与其逻辑主语all为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填focusing。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他开始自己写歌，用中文和彝族语言写，都是关于孩子们的童年生活和美丽的家乡。修饰名词hometown应用形容词beautiful，故填beautiful。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：对于这些从未走出山区家园的学生来说，音乐改变了他们很多。定语从句修饰先行词students，在从句中作主语，指人，故填who/that。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：小龙说：“我以前一直在追求自己的梦想，但我现在做的事情更有意义，因为我可以用自己的方式帮助这些孩子。”结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：小龙目前正在努力为孩子们寻求更多的表演机会，以大大拓宽他们的视野，与更多人分享彝族文化。修饰动词widen应用副词greatly，故填greatly。
第五部分 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. Hi, I’m Max Jackson. I’m an e__________ (交换) student from the UK.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】exchange##xchange
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：嗨，我是麦克斯·杰克逊。我是来自英国的交换生。“交换”是exchange，此处作名词，修饰student，exchange student意为“交换生”。故填exchange。
47. I didn’t feel a__________ (令人尴尬的) or frightened at all. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】awkward##wkward
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。根据中英文提示可知应用形容词awkward作表语，故填awkward。
48. She got her draft back and r__________ (修改) it(根据中英文提示填空).
【答案】revised##evised
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：她把草稿拿回来修改了一下。由首字母提示r可知，“修改”是revise，and前后时态一致，由got可知，空格处用过去式，故填revised。
49. A __________ (实际上), I like acting better, but my friends go to the Ballet Club and I want to be with them. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Actually##ctually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，我更喜欢表演，但我的朋友们去芭蕾舞俱乐部，我想和他们在一起。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“实际上”应用actually，为副词，在本句中作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Actually。
50. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being r__________ (负责任) for a lot more. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】responsible##esponsible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我知道，作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力地学习，习惯承担更多的责任。空格处用形容词作表语，由首字母提示r可知，“负责任”的形容词是responsible。故填responsible。
51. I have just finished the travel a__________ (安排)! (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】arrangements##rrangements
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我刚完成旅行安排。根据中英文提示可知应填名词arrangement，作宾语，此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填arrangements
52. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main o__________ (官方) language of Peru. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】official##fficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：正是由于这个原因，西班牙语成为秘鲁的主要官方语言。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“官方”应用official，为形容词，在本句中作定语。故填official。
53. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your a________ (住处)in the middle of the forest.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】accommodation##ccommodation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：从那里，你将花一天的时间乘船前往森林中心的住处。形容词性物主代词your后接名词形式。accommodation是不可数名词。根据中英文提示及句意，故填accommodation。
54. Are there any grammar or spelling e__________ (错误) (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】errors##rrors
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有语法或拼写错误吗？由首字母提示e可知，“错误”是error，是可数名词，空前没有不定冠词，因此不止一个，因此空格处用复数表示泛指，故填errors。
55. Who is h__________ (主持) this meeting (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】hosting##osting
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：谁在主持这个会议。“主持”为host，和主语who是主动关系，结合is可知，为现在进行时。故填hosting。
第六部分 汉译英(满分25分)
第一节 单句翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
56. 她看小说之前就已经完成了作业。(汉译英)
【答案】She had finished her homework before she started to read the novel.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和时间状语从句。“她看小说之前”用before引导的时间状语从句，时态用一般过去时，表示过去的事情，翻译为before she started to read the novel，“就已经完成了作业”表示的是发生在started to read the novel的动作，时态是过去完成时，翻译为“She had finished her homework”。故翻译为She had finished her homework before she started to read the novel.
57. 这里除老师外再无别人了。(汉译英)
【答案】There is nobody here other than the teacher.
【解析】
【详解】考查There be句型。分析句子可知使用句型There be“有……”。本句话描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。主语用nobody“没有人”，为不定代词，所以be动词用is；“这里”用here作状语，“除了老师”可以翻译为“other than the teacher”。故翻译为There is nobody here other than the teacher.
58. 这种花是这一地区独有的。(汉译英)
【答案】This flower is unique to the area.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词短语和一般现在时。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。表示“是……独有的”应用形容词短语be unique to。表示“这种花”应用this flower，系动词应用is。表示“地区”应用名词area。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为This flower is unique to the area。
59. 再往高处去就是一座旧城堡，一位国王曾在此居住。(汉译英)
【答案】Higher up was an old castle where a king once lived.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和完全倒装。“再往高处去就是一座旧城堡”可理解为“在更高的地方是一座旧城堡”，主语“一座旧城堡”应译为名词短语an old castle，为单数，“是”应用be动词，且此处应该是在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，be动词用was，“在更高的地方”为表语，可译为固定短语higher up。“一位国王曾在此居住”中的“此”指的是“一座旧城堡”，是行为发生的地点，可用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an old castle，从句中主语“一位国王”应译为名词短语a king，状语“曾（经）”可译为副词once，谓语“居住”应译为动词live，且时态也为一般过去时，live用过去式。限制性定语从句宜紧跟在先行词后面，因此为了衔接的紧密，主句宜使用完全倒装，将表语放在句首。故可译为：Higher up was an old castle where a king once lived.
60. 课外阅读对于英语学习既必要又重要。(汉译英)
【答案】Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和非谓语动词。表示“课外阅读”应用reading outside school，作主语；表示“既必要又重要”可用be necessary and important；表示“英语学习”短语为in learning English，动名词作宾语。为一般现在时。故翻译为Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English.
第二节 语篇翻译(满分10分)
61. 语篇翻译
作为个人，郎平深受国内外球迷的喜爱。当中国队备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。由郎平一手打造的团队处于崩溃的边缘。最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。损失两大主力队员，是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。她曾面临过各种困难，她知道只要她这些年轻的球员们齐心协力，就能获胜。
【答案】As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team.
【解析】
【详解】考查语篇翻译。第一句表示“作为个人”短语为as a person，主语为Lang Ping；表示“深受球迷的喜爱”短语为be loved by fans；表示“国内外”短语为at home and abroad。为一般现在时。故翻译为As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad.；第二句when引导时间状语从句，表示“中国队备战2015年世界杯”翻译为the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup，为过去进行时；表示“决心”应用名词determination作主语；表示“受到了考验”应用test，为一般过去时的被动语态；故翻译为When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested.；第三句表示“由郎平一手打造的团队”翻译为that引导的定语从句，The team that Lang Ping had built，从句为过去完成时；表示“处于崩溃的边缘”短语为fall apart，为过去进行时。故翻译为The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.；第四句表示“最优秀的队员”短语为one of the best players；表示“受伤”短语为be injured，为过去完成时；表示“队长”短语为the team captain；表示“因心脏问题离队”翻译为leave because of heart problems。为一般过去时。故翻译为One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.；第五句表示“损失两大主力队员”短语为Losing two important players，动名词作主语；表示“是个巨大的挑战”翻译为be a big challenge；but连接并列句，主语为Lang Ping，表示“气馁”短语为lose heart，为否定句，一般过去时。故翻译为Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.；第六句主语为she，表示“面临过各种困难”短语为face difficulties，为过去完成时；表示“知道”应用know，后跟that引导的宾语从句；表示“年轻的球员们”短语为young players；表示“齐心协力”翻译为they worked together as a team，为if引导的条件状语从句，为一般过去时；表示“获胜”应用动词win。故翻译为She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team.；综上，翻译为As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team。
第七部分 应用文写作(满分15分)
62. 上周六，你校高一学生在老师的带领下参加了蓝天植树基地的义务植树活动。请你写一篇报道，发布在学校英文网站上，内容包括：
1. 活动过程及参加人员的感受;
2. 你对这次活动的评论。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Tree Planting Activity
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
A Tree Planting Activity
Our school organized the students in Grade One to take part in a tree planting activity at the Blue Sky Tree Planting Base last Saturday.
During the activity, all students and teachers spared no effort to plant trees. Some said that planting trees could free them from heavy homework. The air at the base was fresh, which could lift students’ spirits. Moreover, some believed that this activity offered a good opportunity to take exercise.
It was such an unforgettable experience that I hope our school will hold more activities in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇参加了蓝天植树基地的义务植树活动的报道。其内容包括：活动过程及参加人员的感受和你对这次活动的评论。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in →participate in
能够：can→be able to
而且：moreover→what’s more
机会： opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Our school organized the students in Grade One to take part in a tree planting activity at the Blue Sky Tree Planting Base last Saturday.
拓展句： Our school organized the students in Grade One to take part in a tree planting activity at the Blue Sky Tree Planting Base last Saturday, which turned out be a great success.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 Some said that planting trees could free them from heavy homework.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 The air at the base was fresh, which could lift students’ spirits. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1—5 CACAB 6—10 BBCAC 11—15 CBCAC 16—20 AACBA
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