卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站蜀都中学2023-2024学年高二上期12月月考英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What present does Eric get for his birthday
A. A book. B. A diary. C. An album.
2. Where does the conversation most likely take place
A. At a shopping mall. B. At a bus stop. C. In a bank.
3. When will Tom get his book bag
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
4. How is the weather now
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. How the woman got the sun.
B. When the woman went sailing.
C. Why the woman had a holiday.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who could the man probably be
A. A teacher. B. A receptionist. C. A clerk.
7. When does the woman suggest visiting the center
A. On Tuesdays. B. On Wednesdays. C. On Thursdays.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the speakers’ destination
A. The markets. B. The water gardens. C. The ancient district.
9. Who is the woman going to get a present, for
A. Her dad. B. Her mum. C. Her sister.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did the woman just do
A. She rushed for the train. B. She got off the train. C. She came back from town.
11. What do we know about the woman
A. Her phone was stolen. B. Her sports shoes are dirty. C. Her coat was lost.
12. Which word can best describe the woman
A. Disorganized. B. Reliable. C. Sporty.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is Wendy’s opinion about the menu
A. It’s ordinary. B. It’s attractive. C. It’s traditional.
14. Who will do the deliveries first
A. Wendy. B. Mark. C. Ben.
15 What did the man do
A. He increased the order. B. He arranged the schedule. C. He hired more people.
16 What will Wendy do next
A. Plan some promotions. B. Contact repeat customers. C. Add something to the website.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the speaker decide to be a mechanic
A. After he finished school. B. When he got qualifications. C. As he was a child.
18. Why did the speaker leave his town
A. To learn new skills. B. To become an adventurer.
C. To experience new things.
19. What did the speaker think of the job on the ship at first
A. Enjoyable. B. Satisfying. C. Tough.
20. What did the speaker do after returning to his country
A. He went travelling. B. He set up his own business.
C. He completed some training.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Need an airport transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden Call New Malden Airport Transfers now to enjoy the New Malden taxi service. We are best known as the specialists in London’s airport transfers. We serve all airports of London with our professional airport transfer service.
Find Trouble-free Taxi Service at Your Fingertips
Whether you are new to this city or just want to explore or reach your particular destination in time, hire New Malden cars to save your time. It doesn’t matter whether your flight is late or on time, our taxis in the New Malden Airport Transfers team will be there waiting for you.
New Malden Taxis Hold Many Benefits
We have been serving for a long time in the same field, and known for introducing reliable, friendly and personal New Malden taxi service to our customers.
We offer a competitive price for airport transfers and are favored by users because of our speedy, cost-effective, efficient and timely service. Our New Malden taxi service is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, so you may call us whenever you want.
Our drivers are highly trained and they can guarantee you a first-class journey.
Get Ready to Have an Amazing Experience
Do let us know about your taxi-related requirements for the best service. Our expert in the New Malden Airport Transfers team is online to answer questions in case you have any. Visit the official site to get more information.
1. What is New Malden Airport Transfers probably
A. A taxi producer. B. Airport luggage delivery service.
C. A transfer station. D. A taxi company.
2. Which is the feature of the New Malden taxi service
A. It charges the lowest price. B. It can only be booked online.
C. It is available around the clock. D. It can be enjoyed all over London.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To advertise the New Malden taxi service. B. To introduce the benefits of different taxis.
C. To attract visitors to tour around New Malden. D. To stress the necessity of airport transfer service.
B
Many gardeners believe that “talking” to their plants helps them grow — it turns out that they may not be crazy after all. According to the scientists from the University of Exeter, plants may keep communicating with each other through a secret “unseen” language.
For their experiment, the scientists picked a cabbage plant that is known to send out a gas when its surface is cut. In order to get video evidence of the communication, they changed the cabbage gene by adding the luciferase (荧光素酶), which is what makes fireflies (萤火虫) glow in the dark.
When the changed cabbage plant was in full bloom, they cut a leaf off with a pair of scissors, and almost immediately, thanks to the luciferase, they could see the plant sending out “methyl jasmonate (茉莉酸甲酯)”.
While this was a known fact, what was surprising was the fact that the minute this gas began to give out, the nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger and started to send out a gas that they normally have to keep enemies like caterpillars (毛虫) away.
What the scientists are not sure is whether the plants are trying to warn the other leaves or the near plants about the danger — something that will require further research. However, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.
4. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Gardeners. B. Plants. C. Scientists. D. Fireflies.
5. When the plant sent out methyl iasmonate, which of the following statements is NOT true
A. The nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger.
B. The nearby cabbage plants started to send out a gas.
C. The nearby cabbage plants tried to warn the near plants.
D. The nearby cabbage plants communicated through a secret language.
6. According to the experiment, plants __________.
A. don’t live a passive life B. can feel pain when they are cut
C. can warm the other leaves about danger D. can talk with each other
7. From which is the text probably taken
A. A health magazine. B. A biology magazine.
C. A medical research paper. D. A travel brochure.
C
A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, ‘both its own physical pain and sympathy-for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality.
Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up (连接) to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain nervous system”, as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a machine that could experience pain. Such a feeling might also allow a robot to “sympathize” with a human companion’s suffering.
Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his colleagues have designed touch sensors that reliably pick up a range of touches. In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic-looking child’s head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions.
A touch-sensitive, soft material, as opposed to a rigid metal surface, allows richer interactions between a machine and the world, says neuroscientist Kingson Man of the University of Southern California. Artificial skin “allows the possibility of engagement in truly intelligent ways”.
Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead to robots that can recognize the pain of others, a valuable skill for robots designed to help care’ for people in need, the elderly, for instance. But there is an important distinction between a robot that responds in a predictable way to a painful strike and a robot that’s capable of approximating an internal feeling, says Damasio, a neuroscientist also at the University of Southern California. A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says.
“While that’s an interesting development, it’s not the same thing as a robot designed to express some sort of internal experience,” he says.
8. What do we know about the “pain nervous system”
A. It is named Affetto by scientists.
B. It is a set of complicated sensors.
C. It is made up of small building blocks.
D. It combines sensors and artificial skin.
9 What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. delivered B. transformed C. connected D. adapted
10. What does Damasio consider as an interesting development
A. Robots can talk to human beings.
B. Robots can give unforeseeable responses.
C. Robots can detect pain and respond accordingly.
D. Robots can express some sort of internal feelings.
11. What can be the best title of the text
A. Human feelings can be felt B. Machines become emotional
C. Robots inch closer to feeling pain D. Robots will touch the human heart
D
Every language has a certain rhythm (节奏) and a certain way of approaching things or thinking about them. Learning or forgetting a language is thus not only about having or losing a means of communication. It is about seeing an entire culture either appear or fade away.
From the very first day of school, many schoolchildren have the experience of discovering one language — and the world of ideas which comes with it —and forgetting another one: the language they have known since infancy(婴儿期). Worldwide, four out of ten students do not have access to education in the language they speak or understand best; as a result, the foundation for their learning is fragile.
This distancing from the mother tongue affects us all, for the diversity of language is the common good. And the protection of it is a duty.
Technology can provide new tools for protecting the diversity of language. Such tools, for example, encouraging their spread and analysis, allow us to record and preserve languages which sometimes exist only in oral (口头的) form. Put simply, they make local languages a shared heritage.
However, because the Internet poses a risk of uniformization (一致化), we must also be aware that technological progress will serve plurilingualism(多语主义) only when we make the effort to ensure that it does. The designing of digital tools in several languages, the supporting of media development, and the supporting of access to connectivity all need to be done so that people can discover different languages without giving up their mother tongues.
The International Decade of Indigenous Languages, which began this year, should, by directing the efforts of researchers, broadcasters and speakers, push ahead with the protection of these invaluable sources of know-how and worldviews. As the lead agency for Decade-related work, UNESCO is fully committed to this cause.
On this International Mother Language Day, I thus call on everyone able to do so to defend the diversity of language and culture, which makes up the common grammar of our shared humanity.
12. What do we know from paragraph 1
A. Learning a new language isn’t easy.
B Some ideas in languages are often misread.
C. A language reflects the philosophy of its culture.
D. Different languages are independent of each other.
13. What does the underlined word “fragile” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Insecure. B. Unfair. C. Satisfactory. D. Noticeable.
14. What does the author advise tech companies to do
A Keep track of Internet users.
B. Develop tools supporting multiple languages.
C. Make their every progress known to the public.
D. Look for talented speakers of different languages.
15. What is the author’s appeal to everyone
A. Protecting mother tongues.
B. Learning more than one language.
C. Having a good understanding of grammar.
D. Learning about the development of languages.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Go on a 15-minute Tour
Didn’t someone say that life is about the journey, not the destination ___16___ when you are focused only on getting to the next meeting, starting your next class period, or hurrying to send an email, you’re missing all of the people between Points A and B.
To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. ___17___ Also, some of the smaller yet critical social clues that exist right under your nose will be concentrated on again.
___18___ Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.
After your first observation tour, select a different day to tour your workspace for moods. Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. ___19___ Focus on what you see, hear, and pick up on in other people.
Schedule 15 minutes to tour your workplace twice a week for a month and be sure to avoid making too many assumptions or conclusions — just simply observe. ___20___
A. You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.
B. Spare a little time to closely monitor each person’s progress.
C. Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.
D. During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.
E. You generally love the breathtaking landscape and people’s performances.
F. Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.
G. To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ida Keeling was 67, weak and sick, when her daughter Cheryl suggested a run to her. Cheryl thought that maybe what would pull her mother out from dark cloud was something that would get her ___21___ again.
Keeling lived a hard life when young, growing up ___22___ in Harlem, and doing hard work in factories during the Great Depression. She had ___23___ her husband early, and two of her four children died in drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981.
Keeling had sunk into a deep ___24___, her health had begun to ___25___, and her daughters began to ___26___ that they soon might be losing their mother as well.
It had been decades since Keeling had done any ___27___, and she would later recall that first “mini-run” feeling as if it would never end. But when it did, “I just threw off all my bad ___28___.”
She hasn’t stopped running since, and it’s no longer as ___29___ as it was during that first meet. “I was just exercising then,” she says ____30____ regarding that first run, “and now I’m all over the world.”
When she’s not running, she must be ____31____. She’s in the gym three to four days a week on a ____32____ basis. Part of her healthy diet is occasional consumption of alcohol mixed with her coffee or water to ____33____ blood circulation.
She’s written a book about her ____34____, titled Can’t Nothing Bring Me Down: Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time. Her ____35____ is also suitable for everyone: “Every day is another day forward.”
21. A. working B. starting C. exercising D. winning
22. A. poor B. happy C. out-going D. depressed
23. A. met B. left C. married D. lost
24. A. dream B. depression C. regret D. relaxation
25. A. recover B. slide C. improve D. disappear
26. A. believe B. announce C. worry D. realize
27. A. running B. decision C. changing D. preparation
28. A. mistakes B. memories C. analyses D. habits
29. A. difficult B. cool C. boring D. unsafe
30. A. anxiously B. cheerfully C. unwillingly D. secretly
31. A. wandering about B. doing housework C. making friends D. working out
32. A. regular B. solid C. daily D. voluntary
33. A. aid B. feel C. slow D. resist
34. A. achievements B. puzzles C. reflections D. experiences
35. A. prospect B. philosophy C. potential D. prediction
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
HANGZHOU, Sept. 23 - Chinese President Xi Jinping announced the 19th Asian Games (Asiad) ____36____ (official) open on Saturday night at the lotus-shaped Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium. The Hangzhou Asian Games marks it is the third time that China ____37____ (hold) the Asiad, following Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.
Gao Zhidan, president of the Chinese Olympic Committee (COC), said the organizers were ready to present a wonderful Asian Games. “Let’s honor the Olympic spirit, fight for new records of Asian sports, ____38____ write together a new chapter of an Asian community (共同体) with a ____39____ (share) future,” he noted.
With the theme “Tides Surging in Asia”, water played a ____40____ (center) role throughout the cultural performance. It symbolized (象征) the ____41____ (memory) of the Qiantang River, the excitement of sports, Zhejiang’s spirit, and the pulse of the times, showing ____42____ connection between China, Asia, and the world.
During the performance, some famous buildings from Asian countries and areas ____43____ (show) on the LED screens. Another key part of the performance was ____44____ there were no real fireworks. Instead, with 3D animation and augmented reality (增强现实), electronic smokeless fireworks were on display.
From September 23 ____45____ October 8, the Hangzhou Asian Games will feature 40 sports, 61 disciplines, and 481 events.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，2024年哈尔滨国际冰雪节(Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival)组委会面向全国高中生招募志愿者，你希望成为志愿者，请向组委会写一封申请信，内容如下：
1. 个人特长(英语能力，性格等)；
2. 对志愿者工作的理解；
3. 希望获准。注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One particularly cold Saturday in January, I was supposed to take our dog out for a walk, but it was so cold that I didn’t want to go outside. Instead, I just opened the door and let the dog out by himself. I kept an eye on him to make sure he would come back inside.
However, another neighborhood dog quickly ran past our house, and our dog sped after to catch him. I hurriedly went to grab my coat so I could follow my dog, and then I rushed outside. Unfortunately, I was already too late, and my dog was nowhere in sight. I walked a few blocks, but I was unable to find him.
Depressed, I returned home. My mother was standing at the door waiting, and she asked me what had happened. “I know I was supposed to walk our dog,” I admitted, “but I thought he would be able to go outside and come back by himself. Now he’s gone and I can’t find him anywhere.”
My mother was very angry with me; she said I should have been more responsible. She decided to help by making some signs. The signs read, “Lost: A big black dog. Please call us right away” and she printed our phone number on the bottom. “Okay, Darrell,” she said, as she handed over those signs, “now go post these on all the street posts.”
My sister and I grabbed the signs and we posted them along our street as well as along the surrounding streets. The whole time, I was incredibly sad and worried about our dog. All I could think about was how cold it was and how cold our dog must be. My sister wanted to go home, so I told her I’d walk her home, but then keep looking for the dog myself.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took my sister home and continued my search alone.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I returned, my mother was waiting for me, smiling broadly.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________蜀都中学2023-2024学年高二上期12月月考英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What present does Eric get for his birthday
A A book. B. A diary. C. An album.
2. Where does the conversation most likely take place
A. At a shopping mall. B. At a bus stop. C. In a bank.
3. When will Tom get his book bag
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
4. How is the weather now
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. How the woman got the sun.
B. When the woman went sailing.
C. Why the woman had a holiday.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who could the man probably be
A. A teacher. B. A receptionist. C. A clerk.
7. When does the woman suggest visiting the center
A. On Tuesdays. B. On Wednesdays. C. On Thursdays.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the speakers’ destination
A. The markets. B. The water gardens. C. The ancient district.
9. Who is the woman going to get a present, for
A. Her dad. B. Her mum. C. Her sister.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did the woman just do
A. She rushed for the train. B. She got off the train. C. She came back from town.
11. What do we know about the woman
A. Her phone was stolen. B. Her sports shoes are dirty. C. Her coat was lost.
12. Which word can best describe the woman
A. Disorganized. B. Reliable. C. Sporty.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is Wendy’s opinion about the menu
A. It’s ordinary. B. It’s attractive. C. It’s traditional.
14. Who will do the deliveries first
A. Wendy. B. Mark. C. Ben.
15. What did the man do
A. He increased the order. B. He arranged the schedule. C. He hired more people.
16. What will Wendy do next
A. Plan some promotions. B. Contact repeat customers. C. Add something to the website.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the speaker decide to be a mechanic
A. After he finished school. B. When he got qualifications. C. As he was a child.
18. Why did the speaker leave his town
A. To learn new skills. B. To become an adventurer.
C. To experience new things.
19. What did the speaker think of the job on the ship at first
A. Enjoyable. B. Satisfying. C. Tough.
20. What did the speaker do after returning to his country
A. He went travelling. B. He set up his own business.
C. He completed some training.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Need an airport transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden Call New Malden Airport Transfers now to enjoy the New Malden taxi service. We are best known as the specialists in London’s airport transfers. We serve all airports of London with our professional airport transfer service.
Find Trouble-free Taxi Service at Your Fingertips
Whether you are new to this city or just want to explore or reach your particular destination in time, hire New Malden cars to save your time. It doesn’t matter whether your flight is late or on time, our taxis in the New Malden Airport Transfers team will be there waiting for you.
New Malden Taxis Hold Many Benefits
We have been serving for a long time in the same field, and known for introducing reliable, friendly and personal New Malden taxi service to our customers.
We offer a competitive price for airport transfers and are favored by users because of our speedy cost-effective, efficient and timely service. Our New Malden taxi service is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, so you may call us whenever you want.
Our drivers are highly trained and they can guarantee you a first-class journey.
Get Ready to Have an Amazing Experience
Do let us know about your taxi-related requirements for the best service. Our expert in the New Malden Airport Transfers team is online to answer questions in case you have any. Visit the official site to get more information.
1. What is New Malden Airport Transfers probably
A. A taxi producer. B. Airport luggage delivery service.
C. A transfer station. D. A taxi company.
2. Which is the feature of the New Malden taxi service
A. It charges the lowest price. B. It can only be booked online.
C. It is available around the clock. D. It can be enjoyed all over London.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To advertise the New Malden taxi service. B. To introduce the benefits of different taxis.
C. To attract visitors to tour around New Malden. D. To stress the necessity of airport transfer service.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了New Malden Airport Transfers公司提供的出租车服务和服务优势等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Need an airport transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden Call New Malden Airport Transfers now to enjoy the New Malden taxi service. We are best known as the specialists in London’s airport transfers. (在新马尔登需要机场换乘出租车吗？立即致电新马尔登机场接送服务，享受新马尔登出租车服务。我们是最有名的伦敦机场接送专家)”可知，New Malden Airport Transfers提供出租车服务，是机场接送服务方面的专家。由此可知，这是一家出租车公司。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据New Malden Taxis Hold Many Benefits部分的“Our New Malden taxi service is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, so you may call us whenever you want. (我们的新马尔登出租车服务一年365天，每天24小时开放，所以您可以随时打电话给我们)”可知，该出租车服务是24小时全天候的。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Need an airport transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden Call New Malden Airport Transfers now to enjoy the New Malden taxi service. (在新马尔登需要机场换乘出租车吗？立即致电新马尔登机场接送服务，享受新马尔登出租车服务。)”可知，文章围绕New Malden Airport Transfers展开，主要介绍了它提供的出租车服务、服务优势等。由此可知，文章的目的是为了宣传该公司的出租车服务。故选A项。
B
Many gardeners believe that “talking” to their plants helps them grow — it turns out that they may not be crazy after all. According to the scientists from the University of Exeter, plants may keep communicating with each other through a secret “unseen” language.
For their experiment, the scientists picked a cabbage plant that is known to send out a gas when its surface is cut. In order to get video evidence of the communication, they changed the cabbage gene by adding the luciferase (荧光素酶), which is what makes fireflies (萤火虫) glow in the dark.
When the changed cabbage plant was in full bloom, they cut a leaf off with a pair of scissors, and almost immediately, thanks to the luciferase, they could see the plant sending out “methyl jasmonate (茉莉酸甲酯)”.
While this was a known fact, what was surprising was the fact that the minute this gas began to give out, the nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger and started to send out a gas that they normally have to keep enemies like caterpillars (毛虫) away.
What the scientists are not sure is whether the plants are trying to warn the other leaves or the near plants about the danger — something that will require further research. However, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.
4. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Gardeners. B. Plants. C. Scientists. D. Fireflies.
5. When the plant sent out methyl iasmonate, which of the following statements is NOT true
A. The nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger.
B. The nearby cabbage plants started to send out a gas.
C. The nearby cabbage plants tried to warn the near plants.
D. The nearby cabbage plants communicated through a secret language.
6. According to the experiment, plants __________.
A. don’t live a passive life B. can feel pain when they are cut
C. can warm the other leaves about danger D. can talk with each other
7. From which is the text probably taken
A. A health magazine. B. A biology magazine.
C. A medical research paper. D. A travel brochure.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍科学家们通过实验发现，植物之间可能在通过一种看不见的语言进行交流。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和划线词所在句“Many gardeners believe that “talking” to their plants helps them grow — it turns out that they may not be crazy after all.(许多园丁认为，与植物“交谈”有助于植物生长——事实证明，他们可能根本没有疯。)”可推知，指示代词they指代上文中的“gardeners”。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根第五段中“What the scientists are not sure is whether the plants are trying to warn the other leaves or the near plants about the danger — something that will require further research.(科学家们不确定的是，这些植物是否在试图警告其他叶子或附近的植物有危险——这需要进一步的研究。)”可知，“附近的卷心菜试图警告附近的植物。”是错误的表述。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“However, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.(然而，由尼克·斯米尔诺夫教授领导的研究小组对这一发现感到非常兴奋，因为这是第一次证明植物不是被动地生活，而是真正地移动、感知甚至相互交流。)”可知，实验表明植物不是被动地生活。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“According to the scientists from the University of Exeter, plants may keep communicating with each other through a secret “unseen” language.(据埃克塞特大学的科学家称，植物可能通过一种秘密的“看不见的”语言保持着彼此之间的交流。)”和最后一段中“However, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.(然而，由尼克·斯米尔诺夫教授领导的研究小组对这一发现感到非常兴奋，因为这是第一次证明植物不是被动地生活，而是真正地移动、感知甚至相互交流。)”可知，文章介绍了科学家们发现植物之间可能在通过一种“看不见的”语言进行交流，植物并不是被动地生活，它们有感知和交流。由此推知，本文很可能选自生物学杂志。故选B项。
C
A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, ‘both its own physical pain and sympathy-for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality.
Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up (连接) to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain nervous system”, as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a machine that could experience pain. Such a feeling might also allow a robot to “sympathize” with a human companion’s suffering.
Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his colleagues have designed touch sensors that reliably pick up a range of touches. In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic-looking child’s head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions.
A touch-sensitive, soft material, as opposed to a rigid metal surface, allows richer interactions between a machine and the world, says neuroscientist Kingson Man of the University of Southern California. Artificial skin “allows the possibility of engagement in truly intelligent ways”.
Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead to robots that can recognize the pain of others, a valuable skill for robots designed to help care’ for people in need, the elderly, for instance. But there is an important distinction between a robot that responds in a predictable way to a painful strike and a robot that’s capable of approximating an internal feeling, says Damasio, a neuroscientist also at the University of Southern California. A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says.
“While that’s an interesting development, it’s not the same thing as a robot designed to express some sort of internal experience,” he says.
8. What do we know about the “pain nervous system”
A. It is named Affetto by scientists.
B. It is a set of complicated sensors.
C. It is made up of small building blocks.
D. It combines sensors and artificial skin.
9. What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. delivered B. transformed C. connected D. adapted
10. What does Damasio consider as an interesting development
A. Robots can talk to human beings.
B. Robots can give unforeseeable responses.
C. Robots can detect pain and respond accordingly.
D. Robots can express some sort of internal feelings.
11. What can be the best title of the text
A. Human feelings can be felt B. Machines become emotional
C. Robots inch closer to feeling pain D. Robots will touch the human heart
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up (连接) to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain nervous system”, as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a machine that could experience pain. (Asada在2月15日的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，安装在柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和疼痛的打击，然后连接到一个可以发出情绪信号的机器人上。Asada称这种人工的“疼痛神经系统”，可能是一个可以体验疼痛的机器的小构件。)”可知，“疼痛神经系统”结合了传感器和人造皮肤。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic-looking child’s head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions. (在一个名为Affetto的机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以______为情感的面部表情。)”和第二段“Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up (连接) to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. (Asada在2月15日的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，安装在柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和疼痛的打击，然后连接到一个可以发出情绪信号的机器人上。)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“在一个名为Affetto的机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以转换为情感面部表情。Affetto是一个逼真的儿童头部”，划线词converted意为“转化”。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says. (Damasio说，一个带有传感器的机器人可以检测触摸和疼痛，“就像一个机器人，当你和它说话时，它会微笑。”)”和最后一段““While that’s an interesting development, it’s not the same thing as a robot designed to express somesort of internal experience,” he says. (他说：“虽然这是一个有趣的发展，但它与设计用来表达某种内在体验的机器人是不同的。”)”可知，Damasio认为机器人可以检测疼痛并做出相应的反应是一个有趣的发展。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, ‘both its own physical pain and sympathy-for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality. (有触觉的机器人也许有一天能感受到“疼痛”，既能感受到自身的疼痛，也能同情人类同伴的痛苦。这种有触觉的机器人还很遥远，但机器人触摸传感技术的进步正使这种可能性更接近现实。)”以及下文的描述，可知，本文主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能，因此本文的最佳标题是选项C“Robots inch closer to feeling pain(机器人慢慢地会感受疼痛)”。故选C。
D
Every language has a certain rhythm (节奏) and a certain way of approaching things or thinking about them. Learning or forgetting a language is thus not only about having or losing a means of communication. It is about seeing an entire culture either appear or fade away.
From the very first day of school, many schoolchildren have the experience of discovering one language — and the world of ideas which comes with it —and forgetting another one: the language they have known since infancy(婴儿期). Worldwide, four out of ten students do not have access to education in the language they speak or understand best; as a result, the foundation for their learning is fragile.
This distancing from the mother tongue affects us all, for the diversity of language is the common good. And the protection of it is a duty.
Technology can provide new tools for protecting the diversity of language. Such tools, for example, encouraging their spread and analysis, allow us to record and preserve languages which sometimes exist only in oral (口头) form. Put simply, they make local languages a shared heritage.
However, because the Internet poses a risk of uniformization (一致化), we must also be aware that technological progress will serve plurilingualism(多语主义) only when we make the effort to ensure that it does. The designing of digital tools in several languages, the supporting of media development, and the supporting of access to connectivity all need to be done so that people can discover different languages without giving up their mother tongues.
The International Decade of Indigenous Languages, which began this year, should, by directing the efforts of researchers, broadcasters and speakers, push ahead with the protection of these invaluable sources of know-how and worldviews. As the lead agency for Decade-related work, UNESCO is fully committed to this cause.
On this International Mother Language Day, I thus call on everyone able to do so to defend the diversity of language and culture, which makes up the common grammar of our shared humanity.
12. What do we know from paragraph 1
A. Learning a new language isn’t easy.
B. Some ideas in languages are often misread.
C. A language reflects the philosophy of its culture.
D. Different languages are independent of each other.
13. What does the underlined word “fragile” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Insecure. B. Unfair. C. Satisfactory. D. Noticeable.
14. What does the author advise tech companies to do
A. Keep track of Internet users.
B. Develop tools supporting multiple languages.
C. Make their every progress known to the public.
D. Look for talented speakers of different languages.
15. What is the author’s appeal to everyone
A. Protecting mother tongues.
B. Learning more than one language.
C. Having a good understanding of grammar.
D. Learning about the development of languages.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。是一篇在国际母语日的致辞，号召大家要保护好自己的母语。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Learning or forgetting a language is thus not only about having or losing a means of communication. It is about seeing an entire culture either appear or fade away. (因此，学习或忘记一门语言不仅仅是拥有或失去一种交流手段。而是直面一整个文化的出现或逝去)”可知，语言不光是一种交流手段，语言是还能够反应其某种文化的。故选C。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。第二段提示词“as a result”表明划线词所在句子和前文构成因果关系。根据划线词前“Worldwide, four out of ten students do not have access to education in the language they speak or understand best. (在世界范围内，全世界每10名学生中就有4人无法获得以自己最能表达或理解的语言所提供的教育)”可知，他们无法获得以自己最能表达或理解的语言所提供的教育，导致的结果是他们的学习基础是“薄弱的，不牢靠的”，所以划线词fragile的意思和insecure意思相近。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The designing of digital tools in several languages, the supporting of media development, and the supporting of access to connectivity all need to be done so that people can discover different languages without giving up their mother tongues. (设计多种语言的数字工具，支持媒体发展，支持连接，这些都需要做，这样人们就可以在不放弃母语的情况下发现不同的语言)”可知作者建议技术公司去研发多语言的数字工具。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“On this International Mother Language Day, I thus call on everyone able to do so to defend the diversity of language and culture, which makes up the common grammar of our shared humanity. (值此国际母语日之际，我呼吁所有有能力的人捍卫语言和文化的多样性，它们构成了我们共同人类的共同语法)”并结合第三段“This distancing from the mother tongue affects us all, for the diversity of language is the common good. And the protection of it is a duty. (这种与母语的距离影响到我们所有人，因为语言的多样性是共同的利益。保护它是一种责任)”可知作者呼吁要保护自己的母语，共同维护语言多样性。故选A。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Go on a 15-minute Tour
Didn’t someone say that life is about the journey, not the destination ___16___ when you are focused only on getting to the next meeting, starting your next class period, or hurrying to send an email, you’re missing all of the people between Points A and B.
To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. ___17___ Also, some of the smaller yet critical social clues that exist right under your nose will be concentrated on again.
___18___ Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.
After your first observation tour, select a different day to tour your workspace for moods. Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. ___19___ Focus on what you see, hear, and pick up on in other people.
Schedule 15 minutes to tour your workplace twice a week for a month and be sure to avoid making too many assumptions or conclusions — just simply observe. ___20___
A. You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.
B. Spare a little time to closely monitor each person’s progress.
C. Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.
D. During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.
E. You generally love the breathtaking landscape and people’s performances.
F. Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.
G. To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个关于社交意识的建议，即在工作时间中抽出15分钟的时间，对自己所处的工作场所进行观察和考察，以便更好地了解周围人的情况、情绪和活动，并且享受旅程中的乐趣。文章同时也强调了观察过程中不要过于臆断或武断，而是保持客观的态度进行观察。
【16题详解】
根据后文“when you are focused only on getting to the next meeting, starting your next class period, or hurrying to send an email, you’re missing all of the people between Points A and B.(当你只想着参加下一个会议，开始下一节课，或者赶着发邮件时，你就会错过A点和B点之间的所有人)”可知，此处强调在人生的旅途中，如果只想着参加下一个会议，开始下一节课，或者赶着发邮件，你会错过很多东西。前文应该指出要避免这样的行为应该怎样做。G选项“To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.(要有社会意识，记得享受旅程，注意沿途的人)”指出，避免错过人生旅途中的风景就要有社会意识，享受旅程，注意沿途的人，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前文“To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. (为了在旅途中花点时间，花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境)”可知，此处强调在人生旅途中要花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境。后文应该指出这样做带来的好处。F选项“Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.(短暂的旅行将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致)”承接前文，指出花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境，将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致，符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“ Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.(需要注意的事项包括人们工作空间的外观和感觉，不同人在办公室走动的时间，以及哪些人寻求互动，而哪些人则整天坐在办公桌前)”可知，此处陈述的是拿出时间观看的具体事物。D选项“During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.(在任何工作日，花15分钟观察被忽视的事情)”中的neglected things与后文中具体观察的事物形成呼应，即花15分钟观察被忽视的事情——人们工作空间的外观和感觉，不同人在办公室走动的时间，以及哪些人寻求互动，而哪些人则整天坐在办公桌前。D选项符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. (别人的情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索)”可知，此处强调观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索。C选项“Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.(当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受)”承接前文，构成因果关系即因为观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索，所以当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Schedule 15 minutes to tour your workplace twice a week for a month and be sure to avoid making too many assumptions or conclusions — just simply observe.(在一个月的时间里，每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，确保不要做太多的假设或结论——只是简单地观察)”可知，此处强调在一个月的时间里，每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，后文应该提出这样做的结果和影响。A选项“You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.(你会惊讶于你一路上所看到的)”承接前文，指出每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，则你会惊讶于你一路上所看到的，A选项符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ida Keeling was 67, weak and sick, when her daughter Cheryl suggested a run to her. Cheryl thought that maybe what would pull her mother out from dark cloud was something that would get her ___21___ again.
Keeling lived a hard life when young, growing up ___22___ in Harlem, and doing hard work in factories during the Great Depression. She had ___23___ her husband early, and two of her four children died in drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981.
Keeling had sunk into a deep ___24___, her health had begun to ___25___, and her daughters began to ___26___ that they soon might be losing their mother as well.
It had been decades since Keeling had done any ___27___, and she would later recall that first “mini-run” feeling as if it would never end. But when it did, “I just threw off all my bad ___28___.”
She hasn’t stopped running since, and it’s no longer as ___29___ as it was during that first meet. “I was just exercising then,” she says ____30____ regarding that first run, “and now I’m all over the world.”
When she’s not running, she must be ____31____. She’s in the gym three to four days a week on a ____32____ basis. Part of her healthy diet is occasional consumption of alcohol mixed with her coffee or water to ____33____ blood circulation.
She’s written a book about her ____34____, titled Can’t Nothing Bring Me Down: Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time. Her ____35____ is also suitable for everyone: “Every day is another day forward.”
21. A. working B. starting C. exercising D. winning
22. A. poor B. happy C. out-going D. depressed
23 A. met B. left C. married D. lost
24. A. dream B. depression C. regret D. relaxation
25. A. recover B. slide C. improve D. disappear
26. A. believe B. announce C. worry D. realize
27. A. running B. decision C. changing D. preparation
28. A. mistakes B. memories C. analyses D. habits
29. A. difficult B. cool C. boring D. unsafe
30. A. anxiously B. cheerfully C. unwillingly D. secretly
31. A. wandering about B. doing housework C. making friends D. working out
32. A. regular B. solid C. daily D. voluntary
33. A. aid B. feel C. slow D. resist
34. A. achievements B. puzzles C. reflections D. experiences
35. A. prospect B. philosophy C. potential D. prediction
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了67岁的Ida Keeling（艾达基林），因家庭遭遇严重的打击而陷入了沮丧和身体上的困境。但是她的女儿建议她去跑步，这让她重新找回了生活的乐趣和意义。自那以后，她一直坚持运动，走遍了世界各地，并在她的经历上写了一本书，激励人们能够面对各种困难和挑战。她的经历告诉我们，每天都是前进的一天，需要坚持和积极面对生活。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢丽尔认为，也许能让她母亲从黑暗中走出来的是能让她再次锻炼的东西。A. working工作；B. starting开始；C. exercising锻炼；D. winning获胜。根据后文“she would later recall that first “mini-run” feeling as if it would never end.”可知，女儿为了让母亲从黑暗中走出来，再次让母亲跑步，故女儿认为是再次锻炼让母亲从黑暗中走出来。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：基林年轻时过着艰苦的生活，在哈莱姆区的贫困中长大，在大萧条时期在工厂里做着艰苦的工作。A. poor贫穷的；B. happy开心的；C. outgoing外向的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据“doing hard work in factories during the Great Depression”可知，母亲基林是过着艰苦生活，在经济大萧条时期，因此成长与贫困之中。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很早就失去了丈夫，四个孩子中的两个分别于1978年和1981年死于与毒品有关的事件。A. met遇见；B. left离开；C. married结婚；D. lost失去。根据“two of her four children died”可知，此处表示失去四个孩子，此处应该和早期失去丈夫并列。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：基林陷入了深深的抑郁（沮丧），她的健康状况开始下滑，她的女儿们开始担心她们很快就会失去母亲。A. dream梦想；B. depression沮丧；C. regret后悔；D. relaxation放松。根据前文“She had ___3___ her husband early, and two of her four children died in drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981”以及“they soon might be losing their mother as well.”可知，母亲早期失去了丈夫和死了四个孩子，并且长大后的女儿们担心会失去母亲，因为母亲陷入了深深的抑郁和沮丧中。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. recover恢复；B. slide滑动；C. improve改进；D. disappear消失。根据前文“Keeling had sunk into a deep ___4___ ,”可知，因为母亲陷入了抑郁和沮丧中年，所以健康状况不断下滑即健康状况愈发糟糕。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. believe相信；B. announce宣布；C. worry担心；D. realize意识到。根据“Keeling had sunk into a deep ___4___ , her health had begun to ___5___ ,”可知，因为母亲身体情况愈发糟糕，陷入深深的抑郁中，因此女儿们担心她们可能会失去妈妈。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：基林已经有几十年没有跑步了，她后来回忆起第一次“迷你跑步”的感觉，好像永远不会结束。A. running跑步；B. decision决定；C. changing改变；D. preparation准备。根据后文“mini-run”可知，基林已经有几十年没有跑步了，第一次“迷你跑步”的感觉，好像永远不会结束。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当它来的时候（当开始跑步的时候），“我只是摆脱了所有不好的记忆。”A. mistakes错误；B. memories记忆；C. analyses分析；D. habits习惯。根据前文“She had ___3___ her husband early, and two of her four children died in drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981.”可知，早期失去了丈夫和死了四个孩子给母亲留下了糟糕的回忆。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，她再也没有停止过跑步，也不再像第一次比赛时那么困难了。A. difficult困难的；B. cool酷的；C. boring无聊的；D. unsafe不安全的。根据前文“It had been decades since Keeling had done any ___7___ , and she would later recall that first “mini-run” feeling”可知，母亲许久未跑步，因此第一次跑步对母亲来说很难。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“那时我只是在锻炼，”谈到第一次跑步，她高兴地说，“现在我已经跑遍了世界各地。”A. anxiously焦急地；B. cheerfully愉快地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. secretly秘密地。根据前文“She hasn’t stopped running since,”可知，自从母亲开始跑步，就停不下来了，由此表示提到跑步母亲感觉到很高兴。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不跑步的时候，一定是在锻炼。A. wandering about徘徊；B. doing housework做家务；C. making friends交朋友；D. working out运动。根据后文“She’s in the gym three to four days a week on a ___12___ basis.”可知，母亲每周有规律地去健身房三到四天，母亲不跑步的时候就在运动。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她每周有规律地去健身房三到四天。A. regular规律；B. solid坚实的；C. daily每日的；D. voluntary自愿的。根据“four days a week”可知，母亲每周三到四天去健身，因此是有规律地锻炼。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她健康饮食的一部分是偶尔喝点酒精和咖啡或水，以帮助血液循环。A. aid帮助；B. feel感觉；C. slow减缓；D. resist抵制。根据前文“occasional consumption of alcohol mixed with her coffee or water”以及“blood circulation”可知，母亲偶尔喝点酒精和咖啡或水，以帮助血液循环。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她将自己的经历写成了一本书，名为《没有什么能让我失望:在与时间的赛跑中追逐自己》。A. achievements成就；B. puzzles谜题；C. reflections反思；D. experiences经历。根据后文“titled Can’t Nothing Bring Me Down: Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time.”可知，母亲将自己的经历写成了一本书。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的哲学也适用于每个人：“每一天都是新的一天。”A. prospect前景；B. philosophy哲学；C. potential潜力；D. prediction预测。根据“Every day is another day forward.”可知，通过跑步母亲重塑人生，即每一天都是新的一天这是母亲的生活哲学。故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
HANGZHOU, Sept. 23 - Chinese President Xi Jinping announced the 19th Asian Games (Asiad) ____36____ (official) open on Saturday night at the lotus-shaped Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium. The Hangzhou Asian Games marks it is the third time that China ____37____ (hold) the Asiad, following Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.
Gao Zhidan, president of the Chinese Olympic Committee (COC), said the organizers were ready to present a wonderful Asian Games. “Let’s honor the Olympic spirit, fight for new records of Asian sports, ____38____ write together a new chapter of an Asian community (共同体) with a ____39____ (share) future,” he noted.
With the theme “Tides Surging in Asia”, water played a ____40____ (center) role throughout the cultural performance. It symbolized (象征) the ____41____ (memory) of the Qiantang River, the excitement of sports, Zhejiang’s spirit, and the pulse of the times, showing ____42____ connection between China, Asia, and the world.
During the performance, some famous buildings from Asian countries and areas ____43____ (show) on the LED screens. Another key part of the performance was ____44____ there were no real fireworks. Instead, with 3D animation and augmented reality (增强现实), electronic smokeless fireworks were on display.
From September 23 ____45____ October 8, the Hangzhou Asian Games will feature 40 sports, 61 disciplines, and 481 events.
【答案】36. officially
37. has held
38. and 39. shared
40. central
41. memories
42. the 43. were shown
44. that 45. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了杭州亚运会开幕式的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：杭州，9月23日—周六晚在荷花形的杭州奥林匹克体育中心体育场，中国国家主席习近平宣布，第19届亚运会正式开幕。空格处用副词officially修饰动词open，officially意为“正式地”，故填officially。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：杭州亚运会是继1990年北京奥运会和2010年广州奥运会之后，中国第三次举办亚运会。It is the+序数词+time that...是固定句型，意为“这是某人第几次做某事”，that从句中用现在完成时，主语China是一个国家，因此空格处是has held。故填has held。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：让我们弘扬奥林匹克精神，为创造亚洲体育新纪录而奋斗，共同谱写亚洲命运共同体的新篇章。honor，fight和write之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and连接几个并列的动作，故填and。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：让我们弘扬奥林匹克精神，为创造亚洲体育新纪录而奋斗，共同谱写亚洲命运共同体的新篇章。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词future，share的形容词是shared，意为“共有的”，故填shared。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：以“亚洲潮起潮落”为主题，水在整个文化表演中发挥了核心作用。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词role，center的形容词是central，意为“中央的，中心的”。故填central。
【41题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：它象征着钱塘江的回忆，体育的兴奋，浙江的精神，时代的脉搏，显示了中国，亚洲和世界之间的联系。空处应填名词作宾语，memory“回忆”是可数名词，空格处用复数表泛指，故填memories。
【42题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：它象征着钱塘江的回忆，体育的兴奋，浙江的精神，时代的脉搏，显示了中国，亚洲和世界之间的联系。空格处用定冠词the特指中国，亚洲和世界之间的联系，故填the。
【43题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：演出期间，一些亚洲国家和地区的著名建筑出现在LED屏幕上。建筑是被展示，句子用被动语态，由后面的was可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语buildings是复数，因此空格处是were shown。故填were shown。
【44题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：表演的另一个关键部分是没有真正的烟花。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺主要成分且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导表语从句，故填that。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：从9月23日至10月8日，杭州亚运会将包括40个体育项目、61个项目和481个比赛项目。from...to...是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，2024年哈尔滨国际冰雪节(Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival)组委会面向全国高中生招募志愿者，你希望成为志愿者，请向组委会写一封申请信，内容如下：
1. 个人特长(英语能力，性格等)；
2. 对志愿者工作的理解；
3. 希望获准。注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am Li Hua, a senior high school student. Having heard that you are recruiting English volunteers for the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival, I would like to apply for the post.
I possess strong English skills and an outgoing personality, making me capable of engaging with foreign visitors and working well in a team. I understand the significance of volunteering and am willing to assist with information, guidance, and organizing activities. I hope for the opportunity to contribute to the success of the festival.
If I can take the position, I will treasure the opportunity and work hard.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为2024年哈尔滨国际冰雪节的志愿者。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
职位：post→position
拥有：possess→carry
重要：significance→importance
明白：understand→recognize
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： I possess strong English skills and an outgoing personality, making me capable of engaging with foreign visitors and working well in a team.
拓展句： I possess strong English skills and an outgoing personality, which make me capable of engaging with foreign visitors and working well in a team.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Having heard that you are recruiting English volunteers for the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival, I would like to apply for the post.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]If I can take the position, I will treasure the opportunity and work hard.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One particularly cold Saturday in January, I was supposed to take our dog out for a walk, but it was so cold that I didn’t want to go outside. Instead, I just opened the door and let the dog out by himself. I kept an eye on him to make sure he would come back inside.
However, another neighborhood dog quickly ran past our house, and our dog sped after to catch him. I hurriedly went to grab my coat so I could follow my dog, and then I rushed outside. Unfortunately, I was already too late, and my dog was nowhere in sight. I walked a few blocks, but I was unable to find him.
Depressed, I returned home. My mother was standing at the door waiting, and she asked me what had happened. “I know I was supposed to walk our dog,” I admitted, “but I thought he would be able to go outside and come back by himself. Now he’s gone and I can’t find him anywhere.”
My mother was very angry with me; she said I should have been more responsible. She decided to help by making some signs. The signs read, “Lost: A big black dog. Please call us right away” and she printed our phone number on the bottom. “Okay, Darrell,” she said, as she handed over those signs, “now go post these on all the street posts.”
My sister and I grabbed the signs and we posted them along our street as well as along the surrounding streets. The whole time, I was incredibly sad and worried about our dog. All I could think about was how cold it was and how cold our dog must be. My sister wanted to go home, so I told her I’d walk her home, but then keep looking for the dog myself.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took my sister home and continued my search alone.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I returned, my mother was waiting for me, smiling broadly.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I took my sister home and continued my search alone. Carrying the signs made by my mother, I kept posting them. In the meantime, whenever there were people passing by, I would ask if they had met such a dog. I even knocked from door to door, asking if they had seen it. No luck. Nobody claimed to have spotted our dog. What if I had taken the dog out for a walk Tears of regret welled up in my eyes. As the darkness fell, I decided to come back home to check if anybody had called.
When I returned, my mother was waiting for me, smiling broadly. There, behind my mother, was our lovely dog looking up at me eagerly. Upon seeing me, it raced towards me. I couldn’t hold my tears. “It just came back by itself,” my mother said gently. Hugging the dog with relief, I apologized to my mother sincerely. “I am sure you have learned your lesson today,” my mother replied in a comforting voice. I played with my sister and the dog again. Despite the freezing weather outside, my heart warmed up. It was on the day that I learned the value of responsibility.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事的发展为线索展开。一个星期六的早上，因为怕冷，作者没有出去遛狗，而是让狗自己出去了，然后导致自家的狗走丢了。所以，作者和妹妹带上妈妈做的牌子到街上去找他家的狗，费了很大周折，作者也没能找到他家的狗。当作者伤心的回家后，却发现狗自己回来了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我把妹妹带回家，然后独自继续寻找。”可知，第一段可描写作者独自寻找他家的狗的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“当我回来的时候，我的母亲正在等我，笑容灿烂。”可知，第二段可描写走丢的狗回来了，它是如何回来的，以及作者一家人高兴的心情。
2.续写线索：放狗出去——狗跑走——出去追狗——狗跑丢——寻找狗——狗回来了
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走过：walk by/pass by/go by
②挨家敲门：knock from door to door/tap from door to door
③回家：return/go back home
情绪类
①渴望地：eagerly / urgently/enthusiastically
②真诚地：sincerely / honestly/genuinely/truly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Carrying the signs made by my mother, I kept posting them.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] In the meantime, whenever there were people passing by, I would ask if they had met such a dog.（运用了whenever引导的状语从句和if引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3] It was on the day that I learned the value of responsibility.（运用了强调句型）
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