卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站高中英语 选择性必修四（人教2019版）
第三单元 巩固基础练习 语法填空 专项训练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s a wildlife expedition (远征) that has captivated (使着迷) the globe: a herd of 16 elephants trekking (跋涉) more than 300 miles from their home in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve. The herd’s trek began in March last year when 16 elephants _____1_____ (see) moving from the reserve. Nobody is clear why the herd set out on this unprecedented (前所未有的) trek. Some suggest environmental degradation may have pushed them;_____2_____ believe they are simply lost. An expert in elephant psychology believes that they likely left because of habitat loss and increasing human disturbance,_____3_____ may have led to decreasing availability of food and water.
“We can’t ignore the effect of rapid development of the local economy on the loss of wildlife habitat,”_____4_____ well-known expert on Asian elephant migration wrote on his Weibo page. “Clear waters and green mountains are as _____5_____ (value) as mountains of gold and silver. A healthy and complete ecosystem is the cornerstone of sustainable economic development.
China’s wild elephants _____6_____ (double) in number to more than 300 since the 1990s, but their habitat has shrunk _____7_____ nearly two-thirds over the same period. Though China has extremely harsh penalties for those _____8_____ (catch) killing elephants, the combination of these factors _____9_____ (mean) that the potential for human-elephant conflict will only rise. It’s ______10______ (extreme) challenging for them to coexist.
The big fear is that the intensity of conflict between humans and elephants can start as just a nuisance and quickly grow to the point where people or elephants get killed.
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Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies ___11___ (begin) a long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. However, until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists ___12___ (lead) by Professor Eli Shlizerman has now found the answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. ___13___ uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. These two pieces of information allow the butterfly ___14___ (determine) the way to go. Finally, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
___15___ (sad), human activity is the main reason ___16___ the number of monarch butterflies is falling. In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the ___17___ (nature) environment. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
The research on the monarch’s behaviour has however led to a greater ___18___ (aware) of this creature. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed ___19___ . If this works, there may come a time when ____20____ number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Do Animals Dream
You can't see your sleeping pet's brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when Fido or Fluffy might be dreaming. If you watch closely, you'll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular and her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep, ____21____ slow - wave sleep. After about 15 minutes you'll notice a change ____22____ her eyes move under her closed lids, Fluffy has entered the REM(Rapid Eye Movement),or dreaming, stage of sleep. Although she moves and makes little grunting noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs ____23____ (block), so she can't run about.
Back in 1963, Michel Jouvet, a French scientist who was studying sleep in cats, ____24____ (interrupt) their sleep paralysis, the state of being unable to act or function properly. ____25____ they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to chase balls that Jouvet couldn't see and bent their backs in invisible enemies. He figured he was watching them act out their dreams!
What were they dreaming about Mostly, the dreaming cats seemed ____26____ (practise) important cat skills: stalking, pouncing, and fighting.
In ____27____ study, Matt Wilson, a neuroscientist, recorded rats’ brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫). One day, he left the brain - wave - recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could locate exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!
Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and nail down recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills ____28____ were probably vitally important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.
Do all animals dream From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, scientists think that all mammals dream, such as humans, dogs, lions, and whales, but fish ____29____ not. (They're not sure about birds.)
How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when ____30____ (lie) down.
语法填空
Many kinds of dinosaurs’ bones___31___(find) recently by Chinese scientists in Nanyang, Henan Province. When the ___32___(scientist) inspected the bones, they were surprised ____33____(spot) these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb the trees.
Dinosaurs died out ___34___(sudden) around 60million years ago. Some scientists think ____35____came after a(n)____36____(expect) incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth ____37____ put too much dust into the air. Others think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any ___38___(much). Nobody knows for sure ____39____and how dinosaurs _____40_____(disappear) from the earth in such a short time.
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My wife Laura and I were walking on the beach ___41___ three of our children when we saw a bear. Just a few minutes later, I ___42___ (hear) my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” A bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one, however, behaved abnormally, ___43___ (probable) because of hunger.
The bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and I found ___44___ (I) supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long. However, I was all that stood between the bear and my family, ___45___ would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear. I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest. Clearly ___46___ (satisfy) that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, ___47___ (destroy)a fence as it went. My arm ___48___ (injure), but the result for us could hardly have been ___49___ (good).I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when fear could have led ____50____ a very different result.
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With the Chinese New Year less than a month away, people are getting ready to welcome the Year of the Tiger.
Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger Are they always independent and____51____ (energy) Do they have a keen sense of justice If so, then they are typical “tiger”. They like to act alone and always seem to have endless energy. When____52____ (face) with justices, ____53____ against themselves or others, you can be sure Tigers will not stand aside.
In Chinese culture, tigers are regarded as fearless creatures, so that's ____54____ in China you can see images of tigers on the walls of temples and houses to ward off disasters and danger.
Tigers have ____55____ important cultural significance not just in China, but across Asia. In the book Life of Pie, Canadian writer Yann Martel chose a tiger as the partner for Indian boy Pi on his ____56____ (survive) adventure in the Pacific Ocean.
Tigers are also one of my favorite animals. I first ____57____ (learn) about the beauty of tigers as a child, while ____58____ (watch) animal documents. My most precious toy while growing up was my toy tiger, ____59____ I still treasure dearly to this day. I love it that China has its animal zodiac system as it shows the connection, understanding and respect that humans can have _____60_____ animals.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many great people in the world devote themselves to ____61____ (improve) society in their own ways. For example, Jane Goodall, a woman from Britain, would rather spend time studying chimps in the wild in Africa than ____62____ (lead) a comfortable life. For 40 years she ____63____ (be) outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of chimps, Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases, is another woman who has made great ____64____ (achieve). There was story after story of no matter _____65_____ tired after a day's work, she went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. It was because of her hard work and great consideration to her patients that hundreds of babies ____66____ (deliver) safely by her. ____67____ third example is Yuan Longping, the first agricultural pioneer in the world ____68____ (grow) super hybrid rice. Using his hybrid rice, farmers can produce harvests twice as large as before. Therefore, now the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world ____69____ hunger. In short, so ________70________ (impress) is their work that they all deserve praising and learning from.
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Oysters, soft-bodied animals without skeletons, are important for the underwater community they share with plants, fish, and other life. They are food ____71____ crabs and other animals. As new oysters grow, they attach their shells to older ones, ____72____ (form) bigger reefs with many small spaces ____73____ other animals live. Oysters eat algae (藻类). If algae grow too fast, they can exhaust oxygen from the water—and even fish need oxygen ____74____ (breath)!
Because so many animals depend on them, oysters are called a keystone species. If a keystone species ____75____(disappear), other plants and animals may die off and not grow back.
That’s ____76____ (exact) what happened 100 years ago in New York Harbor—a group of rivers and bays around New York City. Before then, lots of oysters lived in these waters. The oysters were famous! They ____77____ (ship) to restaurants around the world. The oysters were delicious—maybe too delicious. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow.
The oysters were in trouble for ____78____ reason. Pollution was pouring into the waters of the growing city. The harbor became so ____79____ (pollute) that few types of animals could live in it. Since the 1970s, new laws _____80_____ (help) reduce toxic waste. Some fish started to swim through again. But oysters were still missing—until recently.
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Sayram Lake, known as a pearl on the mountain, is the ____81____ (large) and highest alpine lake in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. The lake lies in a mountain basin in the western part of Tianshan Mountain. ____82____ is the only way to Ili prefecture.
In ancient China, the lake ____83____ (call) the “clean sea.” It is also known as the “Atlantic Ocean’s last teardrop,” because it is the farthest place ____84____ the warm and humid (湿) air current of the Atlantic Ocean reaches.
____85____ (locate) 2,073 meters above sea level and measuring 30 kilometers long and 25 kilometers wide, the lake covers ____86____ area of 460 square kilometers. The main source of the lake is ground water, in addition to some snow and river water. The lake rises ____87____ 3 to 5 centimeters every year. Its area also ____88____ (continue) to grow.
The water in the lake is clear and peaceful, ____89____ (attract) flocks of ducks and swans. Flourishing cedar (雪松) trees cover the whole mountain. Herds of horses and sheep graze on the grassland. The lake has become a top _____90_____ (choose) for lovers to take wedding photos and spend their honeymoons.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have discovered the world’s fastest ant. It is the Saharan silver ant. It runs ____91____ a speed of just over 3kph. The ant runs 108 times the ____92____ (long) of its own body every second. This is ____93____ (quick) than an Olympic 100-meter runner. The world’s fastest man, Usain Bolt, ran the 100 meters ____94____ (use) 4 strides (大步) a second while the Saharan silver ant uses up to 50 strides a second. The scientists say this much movement almost breaks the limits of ____95____ is physically possible for a living thing. Each of the ants’ feet makes contact with the ground for just seven milliseconds before they take ____96____ next stride.
The scientists said the Saharan silver ant runs so fast because it lives in the hot desert ____97____ the sand can reach temperatures of up to 60 degrees Celsius, so the ant desires ____98____ (spend) as little time as possible with its feet on the scorching ground. Another reason is that if the ants’ feet spend a longer time on the sand, they ____99____ (sink)a little and slow down. Professor Wolf told CNN, “We knew these ants would be fast, but nobody knew how fast _____100_____ (exact), and how they would achieve that speed.”
Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Would you hang out with cats, rabbits or owls
In the U. S.. hanging out in a cafe with animals is such an exotic concept that people can’t get enough of it. A cat cafe in New York last year had lines down the street and online reservations for ____101____ Manhattan cat cafe are almost fully booked more than two months in advance. But in Japan, cat cafes are just the start. You ____102____ hang out in rabbit cafes or have coffee in Tokyo with two goats. And you’re not limited to domestic animals. You can also spend an hour at a cafe ____103____(hold) a great horned owl.
Judging by ____104____ complicated it was to get a reservation at Tokyo’s Shop of Owls, the owl cafes are just as much of a trend there ____105____ cat cafes are here. The owls come ____106____ various sizes and species, from tiny to quite large, including a great horned owl with large sharp claws and an impressive beak. Each bird has a tether (拴绳) around one foot,____107____ you hold in your hand as it rests on your arm.
The attentive staff will place the owl on your shoulder or head, if you like and the staff can also help if your owl starts to flap. If you ____108____(have) enough and want to just watch everyone else’s owls, they’ll relieve you of the bird. Photography is forbidden in some of ____109____(odd) places in Japan, but this isn’t one of them. No flash is allowed but posting a selfie on social media holding an owl is clearly a goal for many visitors.
Unlike some other animal cafes in Japan, this place is only nominally a cafe. There’s no food and only a small drink is included. The drink arrives covered in plastic wrap. _____110_____ (decorate) with a magic marker illustration of an owl. But no one pays attention to their beverage until the final activity, which involves distributing souvenirs such as a photo book, chopsticks and a cloth decorated with owls.
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____111____ (see) from outer space, Earth is a blue planet, due to the fact that the ocean covers over 70 per cent of its surface. According to a new study published in the journal Science, the ocean plays a great role in ____112____ (slow) down global warming. ____113____ The New York Times reported, it is “____114____ important buffer(缓冲物) ”.
The oceans can absorb 93 per cent of the heat trapped by the greenhouse gases which humans release into the atmosphere. And the other 7 per cent ____115____ (absorb) by the air, land and ice caps, according to an ____116____ (analyse).
“If the ocean wasn’t absorbing as much heat, the surface of the land would heat up much ____117____ (fast) than it is right now,” said professor Malin L. Pinsky at Rutgers University in the US. “In fact, the ocean is saving us from rapid warming right now.”
However, the ocean itself, as Discover Magazine noted, is heating up 40 per cent faster on average than the United Nations ____118____(believe) five years ago. That means if the ocean temperatures increase ____119____this speed, the high water temperatures “will kill off marine ecosystems, raise sea levels and make _____120_____ (hurricane) more destructive (破坏性的) ”, The Guardian reported.
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Millions of starfish, also known as sea stars, have been mysteriously dying on the west coast of the US, reports say. Scientists first started noticing the mass deaths in June 2013. The two species affected most are ___121___ purple sea star and the sunflower sea star.
The purple sea star grows ___122___ a maximum of 10 inches while the sunflower sea star is considered among the ___123___ (large) starfish and can span more than a meter in diameter.
The most commonly ___124___ (observe)symptoms are white lesions on the arms of the sea star, according to Agence France Presse(AFP).
The lesions spread ___125___ (rapid)and the creature loses the arm before the unknown infection consumes its entire body and ___126___ dies.
Populations of starfish have ___127___ wiped out in Puget Sound off the Washington State coast, in the Salish Sea in American Columbia and off the coast of California.
Scientists who have spent decades ___128___ (study)the local ecosystem have not yet found the cause of the illness and spate of deaths.
Pete Raimondi, chair of the department of ecology and evolutionary biology, at the University of California, Santa Cruz, told AFP, “___129___ we currently think is likely to happen is that ____130____ is a pathogen, like a parasite or a virus or a bacterium, which is infecting the sea stars and compromises in some way their immune system.”
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The 1975 film Jaws described a scene where a woman swimming in a dark sea ___131___(attack) by a great white shark and finally was eaten by it, which made people consider the great white shark as ___132___ dangerous animal.
Being ___133___(scared) of sharks than ever, some people started fishing for sharks, ___134___(kill) as many as they could. As a result, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly. ___135___(fin) is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off. The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and ___136___(painful). Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
In 1980, Benchley, the man ___137___ wrote the book the film Jaws was based on, was diving when he came across an awful sight. The sea floor was covered with dead sharks because of finning. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought ___138___(protect) sharks. ___139___(expert) have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only a few people are killed by sharks every year.
Fortunately, some people began to protect sharks. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them _____140_____ extinction.
语法填空
An animal that has not lived in Australia for over 3,000 years is back. The creature is Tasmanian devil (袋獾). Conservation groups ___141___ (release) 26 Tasmanian devils in a large natural reserve north of Sydney. The Tasmanian devil is the size of a small dog. It feeds ___142___ large birds and household waste. It has been an ___143___ (endanger) species for decades since Australian wild dogs wiped them out on the mainland. The devil gets its name from its high-pitched sound and the fierce way in ___144___ it fights for food. Although its name sounds so scary, experts say it is not a danger to humans.
The conservation group Aussie Ark worked with other animal protection ___145___ (organise) on the project to release the Tasmanian devils. The animals are in a natural reserve to help keep their chances of survival high. They ___146___ (leave) to find their own food and survive by themselves ever since. Tim Faulkner, president of Aussie Ark, told National Geographic, “They are free. They’re out there. We’ve got some basic methods of keeping an eye on them, but ___147___ (actual), now it’s time for the devils to do what they do.” He was ___148___ (hope) about the future of the devils, ___149___ (say) “This release of devils will be the first of many. We are talking about something monumental, _____150_____ true landmark in history.”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Badlands National Park, one of the most popular attractions in western South Dakota, contains one of the world’s richest fossil ____151____(bed). Scientists believe that 33 million years ago, a watering hole was located in the Badlands and that a drought forced mammals to travel long distances ____152____(detect) water. Ancient horses, turtles, and hornless rhinos once ____153____ (live) here. Nowadays, the park is mainly home____154____ mammals like big horn sheep, antelopes, and deer, ____155____wander the 244,000 acres of the park. The park is also a reintroduction site of the endangered black-footed ferret(雪貂), one of the world’s ____156____(rare) mammals.
Visitors can enjoy hiking on eight routes from 400 meters to 160 kilometers long and ____157____(camp) at Cedar Pass Campground with attractive scenic views. Badlands National Park has no formal reservation system, but visitors ought to obey some rules. Firstly, apply for ____158____ pass ahead of time. Maps are ____159____(strong) recommended and are available for purchase in the Badlands bookstore. Besides, campfires ____160____(ban) under any circumstances. Finally, remember to take away all garbage, including toilet paper, and all human waste must be buried in a small hole 6 inches deep and a minimum of 200 feet from any water source.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
White Fang is a story about a wolf-dog rescued from Beauty Smith ____161____ is an abusive and horrible owner. With the ____162____ (kind) and love he is shown with his new owner, Scott, White Fang slowly becomes awake to his need to love and to be loved, and therefore changes his life. Later, he trusts and relies on Scott, and defends his new family.
This novel ____163____ (write) in 1906 by Jack London and describes life in 1800s America, with the Gold Rush and Yukon Territory as the background. This story also changes perspective, or point of view, and allows readers ____164____ (get) closer to the minds of humans and wolves.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s time to update your maps, because the Earth now has a total of five oceans. Though ____165____ (accept)by scientists for some time, the Southern Ocean wouldn’t be found on any National Geographic maps—until now.
Cartographers(地图绘制者)at the National Geographic ____166____ (official)recognized the fifth ocean on World Ocean Day, 8 June 2021. The “new” ocean borders the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans, which is why geographers ____167____(argue)for some time as to whether it was in fact unique enough to be classed as a different ocean, ____168____ just cold regions of the three oceans.
“There is of course just one interconnected world ocean, but it has traditionally been divided into four regions: the Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian oceans, said Alex Tait on Twitter, who is ____169____ geographer in the National Geographic Society.
“Scientists have known for many years that the icy ____170____ (water)around Antarctica form a distinct ecological region defined ____171____ ocean currents and temperatures. But the international community, through the International Hydrographic Organization(IHO), has not agreed on a name and extent of this ____172____(five) ocean region.”
While many called this region the Southern Ocean, some scientists called ____173____ the Antarctic Ocean, others said Austral Ocean. Either way, it is distinct enough to be _____174_____(deserve) of its new status.
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Located in southwest China’s Sichuan Province, Jiuzhaigou Valley is famous ___175___ its greenish-blue lakes, beautiful waterfalls, colorful forests, snow-capped peaks ___176___ the local Tibetan ethnic culture.
Jiuzhaigou got ___177___(it) name because there are nine Tibetan villages in the valley. For centuries Tibetan people have lived in the region, but it was not officially discovered by the government until 1972. It ___178___(declare) a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992.
The valley is the ___179___(nature) habitat for two of China’s most treasurable endangered species — the giant panda and the Sichuan takin(羚牛). You are likely to see other ___180___(creature) including birds, insects and fish.
Over 80 percent of the scenic area is covered by forests. In the lower regions, there are plenty of grasses and reeds. These are quickly replaced by bamboo forests ___181___ in turn give way to conifers(针叶树) at the upper regions. Beyond them, snow-capped peaks of the Minshan Mountains are also very ___182___(attract).
The most comfortable climate ___183___(visit) Jiuzhaigou is in July. Umbrellas and wet weather clothing, as well as sun protection cream and hats are ____184____(high) recommended as the weather is often changing.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。
A drone (无人机) has taken photos and videos of an elephant herd (兽群) taking a snooze in the outskirts (郊区) of Kunming, China. The elephants stopped for a rest after ___185___ long journey from their forest home.
According to reports, 15 elephants ___186___ (walk) 500 kilometres since leaving their home, a nature reserve (保护区) in southwest Yunnan, last spring. And no one knows ___187___ they’re on the move.
The elephants have been drawing attention online. Millions of people watched live streams (直播) of the elephants on Weibo, China’s second ___188___ (large) social media platform. Viewers are crazy ___189___ the three little elephants in the herd, including one who was born during the great journey.
The elephants have also caused a lot of trouble by ___190___ (step) everything heavily ___191___ carelessly in their path, including crops and buildings. But since elephants receive A-level state ___192___ (protect) in China, authorities have been ___193___ (quiet) monitoring the herd’s movements with drones. And to keep the elephants away from crowded cities, either roads are being blocked with construction trucks or food is being used as something ____194____ (attract) them.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huangshan, which lies in Anhui province, is on the UNESCO World Heritage List and is one of the top scenic ____195____ (attraction) in China. HuangShan ____196____ (it) does not have good transportation links. Most travelers stop in either Tangkou or Tunxi for the nights before and after a visit to Huangshan.
Huangshan has 36 separate peaks, all ____197____ (rise) above 1,800 meters. Famous throughout Chinese artistic history, Huangshan represents the typical (有代表性的) mountain in Chinese paintings. So far, over 1,450 kinds of plants ____198____ (find) there.
The main thing to do in Huangshan is walk pround and take photographs of the scenery, which is spectacular (壮观的), ____199____ (beauty), different and changing in appearance with every change of weather. ____200____ same view looks quite different by day in fine weather and with cloud, early morning and late evening. Sunrise and sunset are famous but, of course, they depend ____201____ the weather.
When there is good weather and clear skies, watching the stars at night is ____202____ (fair) rewarding. If you are staying overnight at a hotel on the mountain then before dark ____203____ (come), find some good areas _____204_____ you can get away from the hotel lights and look up. You are likely to view a sky full of stars.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over the past decade，Hangzhou government ____205____(improve) bike friendly infrastructure，such as lanes and traffic signals ____206____(create) for cyclists.In Hangzhou，a smart card allows users to ____207____(easy) access all forms of public transport,____208____ bikes to buses.Apart from leading the Chinese cycling resurgence, Hangzhou is also home to an innovative way to encourage more ____209____(sustain) lifestyles, with an app ____210____ is helping to stop desertification, cut air pollution and plant millions of new trees.
The “Ant Forest” mini program, a Hangzhou based project from giant Chinese payments and lifestyle app Alipay, encourages users to make small, environmentally friendly ____211____(decide) in their daily lives, such as cycling rather ____212____ driving to work, or recycling clothes. If users perform any carbon reducing activities, they ____213____(reward) with “green energy” points. If they accumulate enough virtual points,_____214_____ real tree will be planted. According to Ant Financial, more than 100 million trees have been planted, thanks to the low carbon actions of 500 million individuals, roughly 5% of the world’s population.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
For ages word has been going around that the dog is man’s best friend. I agree. A dog can be handy as a night watchman around the house, as a pointer on a hunting trip, as a guardian and playmate for the children. But I think that having a dog for a pet is so expensive and annoying that I can do ____215____ such a friend.
Providing for the dog’s needs is so expensive that the animal should be an income tax deduction. There’s the medical bill for shots to keep the animal healthy. Unless it’s kept in the house 24 hours a day, a female must be given “preventive maintenance,” a ten-to twenty-dollar investment. Otherwise, ____216____ you know it, you’ll have more “income tax deductions” in your family. And dogs have to eat. Don’t think you can buy a case of Ken-L-Ration and be done with it. A dog can be as particular about food as a French expert. To feed even a Chihuahua, a very small Mexican dog, you’ll spend three to five dollars ____217____ week. If you own a big dog, you need a large dog-house. They’re expensive. A carpenter will build a luxurious model for about seventy-five dollars. For about thirty dollars’ worth of materials, a weekend’s work, and a smashed thumb, you can build a simple one ____218____ . And these are only the major costs.
A dog is so annoying that no one in his right mind would want to own one. ____219____ (consider) the dog owner blessed with a dog that fetches slippers, rubber toys, newspapers. Have you eased your bare feet into slippers bitten by dogs, seen a living room destroyed by a toy boxer, tried to read a newspaper chewed to wet pieces by an obedient Boston bull And dogs make noise. Some huge dogs bark all night. But you aren’t the only one ____220____ (endure) sleepless nights; your neighbors let you know they didn’t sleep either. Policemen are frequent visitors to dog owners’ homes. They inquire about holes ____221____ (report) dug in neighbors’ flower beds, prize cats injured and bleeding, and pet chickens and ducks sent to their reward. Suspect: your dog! You deny everything, of course. Rex, you assure the officers, was asleep by the door. But you secretly suspect him, because you don’t really know where Rex was all week. And you remember ____222____ (wonder) why feathers were floating in his water bowl yesterday. Dogs are annoying. Neither a fire-breathing mother-in-law nor a talkative wife will prove more annoying to a man than a dog.
Dog lovers will, of course, claim my argument one-sided, even exaggerated. They might consider me as cruel as the Russians, ____223____ possibly attempting to solve their own canine crisis — shot Fido into orbit. But the fact remains: if our _____224_____ (good) friends caused us the expense and annoyance our dog does, we’d soon encourage them to become astronauts.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A hunting dog, who had been an excellent one in his time and done good service to his master, finally became worn out because of his old age. One day, when ____225____ (hunt) a wild pig, he seized the creature by the ear, but his teeth gave way. He ____226____ (force) to let go his hold, and the pig escaped. His master ____227____ (severe) scolded him. But the weak dog replied: “Spare your old servant! Remember what I was rather than abuse me for what I am.”
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Sharks are often thought of as hunters living alone, however, a new study has found that some species create social networks and____228____(connection) that can last for years.____229____the study shows is that some sharks form groups of between two and fourteen. These groups gather in the morning in the same part of the reef. At night, the sharks leave the reef on their own but they come back together again the next day. The study also____230____(note) that many groups stay together for the whole process.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)
China’s only captive (被圈养的) male Pallas’s cat, Sunsimiao, died at the age of seven and a half after choking on chicken while eating, according to an obituary (讣告) released on Monday by the Xining Wildlife Park, ______231______ Sunsimiao used to live while alive.
Born in 2015, Sunsimiao was rescued ______232______ a resident’s home in Xining, Northwest China’s Qinghai province, by the Qinghai Wildlife Rescue and Breeding Center in 2015. After artificial rearing (饲养) and growing up, Sunsimiao has been living in the Xining Wildlife Park, and ______233______ (become) the country’s most famous and ______234______ (significance) Pallas’s cat among Chinese netizens. Sunsimiao, together with Sunshangxiang, ______235______ female Pallas’s cat rescued in 2019, gave birth to a baby Pallas’s cat in 2021, which is the first artificially bred Pallas’s cat ______236______ (survive) in China. The park also said in the ______237______ (state) that it would review the incident and reassess the risks in its current breeding management to avoid the same tragedy happening again. In Sunsimiao’s obituary the Xining Wildlife Park said ______238______ although it had never experienced the vastness of the wild plateau in ______239______ (it) life, it has made countless people understand and pay attention to this species. ______240______, it has also set up an immortal (不朽的) monument in the study of the artificial breeding of the Pallas’s cat.
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda is a famous symbol of China and one of the most adorable creatures across the globe. Lately China has announced the formal establishment of its first five national parks, among ____241____ Giant Panda National Park (GPNP) is located in Central China spreading across Sichuan, Ningxia and Shaanxi. Once completed, the new national park will include sixty-seven ___242___ (exist) panda reserves.
GPNP has ___243___ population of around 1,800 giant pandas, which accounts ___244___ over 80% of the Chinese giant panda population. Connecting these reserves will allow pandas to travel between the different areas and hopefully crossbreed (杂交繁育) and ___245___ (strength) the panda population.
The ___246___ (combine) of these panda reserves is an enthusiastic commitment by the Chinese government ___247___ (protect) these extraordinary animals. The good news is that there is evidence ___248___ the population appears to be growing. Recently the International Union for Conservation of Nature ___249___ (upgrade) the species from endangered to threatened. Although this improvement is _____250_____ (true) positive, there is still a lot the world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whales have been facing serious danger for a long time.
First, due ____251____ the greenhouse effect, glaciers are melting, and some living creatures in the Antarctic and the Arctic are in danger of ____252____ (extinct). Besides, with global warming becoming worse, life in other parts of the ocean has also been ____253____ (constant) affected, including whales.
Secondly, whaling activity is another killer. Historically, whaling has been popular in some overseas countries, such as England, Japan and Norway. ____254____ (regard) whales as a money-making machine is the reason why some people’s whaling can’t ____255____ (stop) easily. A kilogram of whale meat can fetch about $ 100 in Japan. Besides, advanced technology has increased the efficiency of whaling and gradually reduced the number of whales. What’s more, some countries are still on whaling in ____256____ name of science.
The fact ____257____ whales have become endangered animals is alarming us. Some ____258____(organization) have realized the importance of saving them and have begun working hard to do something for them. The international community ____259____(make) a strategy against commercial whaling. In my opinion, governments should also make laws _____260_____(protect) whales.
语法填空
Many animals migrate at certain times of the year for various reasons. Of all the mass____261____(migrate), that of the North American monarch butterflies is one of the most wonderful. Every autumn, they begin___262___long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way _____263_____California or Mexico, where they will spend the winter. Scientists have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day and use its eyes ____264____(measure) the position of the sun,____265____ allows the butterfly to determine the way to go.
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble, and its population ____266____(crash) by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. Human activity is the main reason. In many of the places where the butterfly can _____267_____(find), people are destroying the natural environment by ____268____(cut) down trees and using chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat. ____269____(fortunate), people have been aware of the problem and working together to protect butterflies. The more we know about the butterflies, the _______270_______(great) the chance they will survive.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tianshan Tuomuer Grand Canyon is about 25 kilometers long from east to west and 20 kilometers wide from north to south. It consists of three main ____271____ (valley) in the shape of the Chinese character “川”. ____272____ (situate) in the northwest of Xinjiang at the foot of Tuomur Peak, it is also known ____273____ “Kuduluk Grand Canyon”, ____274____ means “thrilling and mysterious” in Uygur (维吾尔语). It is the only way to the ancient post road in the northern and southern Tianshan Mountains.
On June 21, 2013, the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang ____275____ (list) as a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site. The area in which the Tuomur Grand Canyon lies is the ____276____ (large) among the four places in the Tianshan Mountains, ____277____ (account) for 59.87 percent of the whole site.
With its red canyons set against the snow-capped mountains in the distance, the dreamlike landscape ____278____ (complete) makes visitors lost in the beautiful and impressive view of nature. At night, you can see the stars. Remember that the temperature difference there is very large. While wearing short sleeves at noon, evenings may require ____279____ down jacket and other warm clothes. There is no tour bus service, but visitors can drive to the canyon by _____280_____ (they) or hire a bus. Apart from it, Xinjiang is in possession of many appealing tourist spots, attracting a good number of visitors at home and abroad.
参考答案：
1．were seen 2．Others 3．which 4．a 5．valuable 6．have doubled 7．by 8．caught 9．means 10．extremely
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了16头大象从西双版纳国家自然保护区的家出发，徒步300多英里。大象群的长途跋涉始于去年3月，当时有人看到16头大象离开了保护区。文章讨论了这一现象背后存在的问题。
1．考查动词语态。句意：大象群的长途跋涉始于去年3月，当时有人看到16头大象离开了保护区。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文last year可知，为一般过去时，主语为16 elephants，谓语用复数。故填were seen。
2．考查代词。句意：一些人认为环境恶化可能是原因之一；其他人则认为它们只是丢失了。此处为some…others…表示“一些……另一些……”，单词首字母要大写。故填Others。
3．考查定语从句。句意：一位大象心理学专家认为，它们离开的原因可能是栖息地的丧失和人类干扰的增加，这可能导致食物和水的可用性减少。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词habitat loss and increasing human disturbance，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
4．考查冠词。句意：“我们不能忽视当地经济的快速发展对野生动物栖息地丧失的影响，”一位著名的亚洲象迁徙专家在他的微博页面上写道。expert为可数名词，此处为泛指且well-known是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
5．考查形容词。句意：碧水青山如金山银山一样宝贵。作表语，应用形容词valuable。故填valuable。
6．考查动词时态。句意：自上世纪90年代以来，中国野生大象的数量翻了一番，达到300多头，但同期它们的栖息地却减少了近三分之二。根据后文since the 1990s可知，应用现在完成时，主语为China’s wild elephants，助动词用have。故填have doubled。
7．考查介词。句意：自上世纪90年代以来，中国野生大象的数量翻了一番，达到300多头，但同期它们的栖息地却减少了近三分之二。固定短语shrink by表示“减少”。故填by。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管中国对那些被抓住的捕杀大象的人处以极其严厉的惩罚，但这些因素加在一起意味着人象冲突的可能性只会上升。分析句子结构可知，catch与逻辑主语those构成被动关系，应用过去分词。故填caught。
9．考查主谓一致。句意：尽管中国对那些被抓住的捕杀大象的人处以极其严厉的惩罚，但这些因素加在一起意味着人象冲突的可能性只会上升。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为the combination of these factors，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
10．考查副词。句意：两者共存是极具挑战性的。修饰后文形容词challenging，应用副词extremely，作状语。故填extremely。
11．begin 12．led 13．It 14．to determine 15．Sadly 16．why 17．natural 18．awareness 19．on 20．the
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北美帝王蝶的迁徙的相关研究，以及人类活动对这一物种的影响。
11．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每年秋天，数百万只北美帝王蝶开始一段漫长而艰难的旅程。根据前面的时间状语“Every autumn”可知，此处应用一般现在时，再根据前面的butterflies可知，谓语用原形。应填begin。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：Eli Shlizerman教授领导的一组科学家已经找到了答案。分析句子结构可知，A team of scientists和lead是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填led。
13．考查代词。句意：它用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。空处作主语，根据后面的“its eyes”可知，用代词it。句首单词首字母要大写。故填It。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：这两条信息使蝴蝶能够决定前进的方向。短语allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to determine。
15．考查副词。句意：可悲的是，人类活动是帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因。此处应用副词修饰整个句子。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Sadly。
16．考查定语从句。句意：可悲的是，人类活动是帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，故填why。
17．考查形容词。句意：在许多有蝴蝶出没的地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。修饰名词environment应用形容词natural，作定语。故填natural。
18．考查名词。句意：然而，对帝王蝶行为的研究让人们对这种生物有了更多的认识。空前有形容词的比较级修饰且作led to的宾语，应用名词awareness。故填awareness。
19．考查介词。句意：人们一直共同协作，记录它的迁徙，确保有足够的植物供它食用。短语feed on意为“以……为食”，为固定搭配。故填on。
20．考查冠词。句意：如果这种方法有效，可能会有一天，帝王蝶的数量会再次增加。此处表示黑脉金斑蝶的数量，故用the number of...。故填the。
21．called 22．that 23．are blocked 24．interrupted 25．Even though##Even if 26．to be practising 27．another 28．that##which 29．do##may 30．lying
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了动物们是否会做梦，以及会梦到什么。
21．考查非谓语动词。句意：她已经进入了睡眠的第一阶段，被称之为慢波睡眠。根据句意，此处表示the first stage of sleep被叫做slow - wave sleep，应用动词called作后置定语，表示“被叫做”。故填called。
22．考查同位语从句。句意：大约15分钟后，你会注意到她的眼睛在闭着的眼睑下移动，Fluffy进入了睡眠的REM（快速眼动）或做梦阶段。分析句子结构，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明change，从句中结构完整，应用that引导从句。故填that。
23．考查时态和语态。句意：虽然她会移动，发出轻微的呼噜声，但从她的大脑到腿部大肌肉的信息被阻断了，所以她不能到处跑。根据句中moves and makes可知，句子描述一般性情况，应用一般现在时，block与主语messages之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语messages是可数名词的复数形式，系动词应用are。故填are blocked。
24．考查时态。句意：早在1963年，法国一位研究猫的睡眠的科学家Michel Jouvet，打断了猫的睡眠麻痹，即不能正常行动或起作用的状态。分析句子结构，空处应填谓语动词，句中时间状语为in 1963，表示动作发生在过去，句子应用一般过去时。故填interrupted。
25．考查连词。句意：即使他们完全睡着了，做梦的猫开始追逐Jouvet看不见的球，并在看不见的敌人面前弓起腰。根据“the dreaming cats began to chase balls ”可知，前后是让步关系，空处表示“即使，尽管”，应用even if/though，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Even if/though。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数情况下，做梦的猫似乎正在练习重要的猫的技能：跟踪、突袭和战斗。根据语境，此处表示做梦的猫似乎正在做某事，应用seem to be doing sth.。故填to be practising。
27．考查形容词。句意：在另一项研究中，神经科学家Matt Wilson记录了老鼠学习迷宫时的脑电波。根据语境，此处表示“另一项研究”，应用another表示“又一，另一”，修饰名词study。故填another。
28．考查定语从句。句意：这或许可以解释为什么这么多人梦见战斗和逃跑，这是对我们的祖先来说可能至关重要的技能，以及解释为什么做梦会影响我们的学习能力。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词skills，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which。故填that/which。
29．考查时态或者情态动词。句意：通过观察熟睡动物的脑电波，科学家们认为所有哺乳动物，如人类、狗、狮子和鲸鱼，都会做梦，而鱼类则不会。根据句中think，dream可知，句子描述一般性情况，应用一般现在时，fish表示鱼的总称，为复数形式，谓语动词应用do指代前文中的dream，故空处可以填写do；空处也可以表示推测，使用情态动词may。故填do/may。
30．考查状语从句的省略。句意：尽管牛和马通常是站着睡觉，但它们只有在躺下时才会做梦。句中when引导时间状语从句，从句主语为they，从句表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时are lying，状语从句中从句主语与主语主语一致，且含有be动词的适当形式时，从句中的主语和be动词可以省略。故填lying。
31．have been found 32．scientists 33．to spot 34．suddenly 35．it 36．unexpected 37．and 38．more 39．why 40．disappeared
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们对于恐龙灭绝的不同观点。
31．考查动词时态。句意：最近，中国科学家在河南省南阳发现了很多种恐龙骨骼。由recently可知，本句为现在完成时，主语many kinds of dinosaurs’ bones与动词find之间是被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been found。
32．考查名词复数。句意：当科学家们检查这些骨头时，他们惊讶地发现这些恐龙不仅能像其他恐龙一样奔跑，而且能爬树。由主句的主语they可知，参与研究的不止一位科学家，此处scientist需用复数形式。故填scientists。
33．考查非谓语动词。句意：当科学家们检查这些骨头时，他们惊讶地发现这些恐龙不仅能像其他恐龙一样奔跑，而且能爬树。固定短语be surprised to do sth“惊讶地做某事”。故填to spot。
34．考查副词。句意：恐龙在大约6千万年前突然灭绝了。此处修饰动词短语die out，需用副词，作状语。故填suddenly。
35．考查代词。句意：一些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是在一次意外事件之后发生的，当时太空中的一块巨石击中地球，在空气中扬起太多的灰尘。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，根据句意可知，主语指的是恐龙灭绝，需用代词it来指代。故填it。
36．考查形容词。句意：一些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是在一次意外事件之后发生的，当时太空中的一块巨石击中地球，在空气中扬起太多的灰尘。此处修饰名词incident，需用形容词unexpected，表示“意料之外的”。故填unexpected。
37．考查连词。句意：一些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是在一次意外事件之后发生的，当时太空中的一块巨石击中地球，在空气中扬起太多的灰尘。根据句意可知，hit与put为并列关系，需用连词and。故填and。
38．考查固定搭配。句意：其他人则认为地球变得太热了，恐龙无法再生存下去。固定搭配not...any more意为“不再……”。故填more。
39．考查宾语从句。句意：没人确切地知道恐龙为什么以及如何会在这么短的时间内从地球上消失。分析句子可知，why和how是指“原因和方式”，此处表示人们对恐龙消失的困惑；why和how引导宾语从句，在从句中作状语。故填why。
40．考查动词时态。句意：没人确切地知道恐龙为什么以及如何会在这么短的时间内从地球上消失。“恐龙从地球上消失”是发生在过去的事，此处需用一般过去时态。故填disappeared。
41．with 42．heard 43．probably 44．myself 45．who 46．satisfied 47．destroying 48．was injured 49．better 50．to
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和家人在海边散步时突然遇到了一头熊，被熊袭击时，作者勇敢地与熊搏斗的故事。最后熊突然离开了。作者虽然受了伤，但庆幸家人很安全。
41．考查介词。句意：我和妻子劳拉带着三个孩子在海滩上散步时，我们看到了一只熊。根据语境可知，此处是指跟三个孩子一起在沙滩上散步，应用介词with。故填with。
42．考查时态。句意：就在几分钟后，我听到女儿大喊：“爸爸！熊就在我们后面！”描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填heard。
43．考查副词。句意：然而，这一只表现异常，可能是因为饥饿。修饰后文介词短语应用副词probably作状语。故填probably。
44．考查代词。句意：它巨大的头和我的胸部和肩膀齐平，我发现自己可以支撑它的重量。find oneself doing..意为“发现某人自己做……”，此短语中需用反身代词myself。故填myself。
45．考查定语从句。句意：然而，我是唯一站在熊和我的家人之间的人，他们几乎不可能跑得比棕熊快。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词my family，从句缺少主语，指人，所以用关系代词who。故填who。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：显然，这只熊对我们没有造成进一步的威胁感到满意，它走开了，一边走一边弄坏了一道篱笆。逻辑主语 the bear与satisfy之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填satisfied。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：显然，这只熊对我们没有造成进一步的威胁感到满意，它走开了，一边走一边弄坏了一道篱笆。逻辑主语the bear与destroy 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填destroying。
48．考查时态语态。句意：我的胳膊受伤了，但结果对我们来说简直是再好不过了。my arm与injure之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。整篇文章用的是一般过去时。故用was injured。
49．考查形容词比较级。句意：我的胳膊受伤了，但结果对我们来说简直是再好不过了。此处是“否定词+比较级”结构表达最高级含义，故用good的比较级better。故填better。
50．考查介词。句意：当恐惧可能导致截然不同的结果时，我的家人仍然保持清醒，我为此感到骄傲。lead to是固定搭配，意为“引起，导致”。故填to。
51．energetic 52．faced 53．whether 54．why 55．an 56．survival 57．learnt##learned 58．watching 59．which 60．for
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国虎年出生的人所具有的一些特点和老虎的文化意义。
51．考查形容词。句意：他们总是独立且精力充沛吗？作表语，表示“精力充沛的”应用形容词energetic。故填energetic。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：当面对法官时，无论是针对他们自己还是其他人，你可以肯定的是，“老虎”不会袖手旁观。结合句意表示“面对”可知短语为be faced with，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填faced。
53．考查固定句型。句意：当面对法官时，无论是针对他们自己还是其他人，你可以肯定的是，“老虎”不会袖手旁观。结合句意表示“无论是……还是……”可知句型为whether…or…。故填whether。
54．考查表语从句。句意：在中国文化中，老虎被认为是无所畏惧的动物，这就是为什么在中国，你可以在寺庙和房屋的墙上看到老虎的图像，以抵御灾难和危险。引导表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故用why引导。故填why。
55．考查冠词。句意：老虎不仅在中国，而且在整个亚洲都有重要的文化意义。结合句意表示“有重要的文化意义”可知短语为have an important cultural significance。故填an。
56．考查形容词。句意：在《派的奇幻漂流》一书中，加拿大作家扬·马特尔选择了一只老虎作为印度男孩派在太平洋的生存冒险的伙伴。修饰后文名词adventure应用形容词survival，作定语。故填survival。
57．考查时态。句意：我第一次了解到老虎的美是在小时候看动物纪录片的时候。根据后文as a child可知描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填learnt/learned。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：我第一次了解到老虎的美是在小时候看动物纪录片的时候。分析句子结构可知watch在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填watching。
59．考查定语从句。句意：在我的成长过程中，我最珍贵的玩具是我的玩具老虎，直到今天我仍然非常珍惜它。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词toy tiger，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
60．考查介词。句意：我喜欢中国的生肖系统，因为它展示了人类对动物的联系、理解和尊重。后跟复数名词作宾语，表示“对……”应用介词for。故填for。
61．improving 62．lead 63．has been 64．achievements 65．how 66．were delivered 67．A 68．to grow 69．of 70．impressive
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上几位致力于改善社会的伟大人物。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上许多伟大的人都以自己的方式致力于改善社会。devote oneself to doing表示“致力于做某事”，故填improving。
62．考查固定句式。句意：一位来自于英国的女性简·古道尔宁愿花时间在非洲野外研究黑猩猩，也不愿过舒适的生活。would rather do A than do B表示“宁愿做A也不愿做B”，故填lead。
63．考查时态。句意：40年来，她一直直言不讳地说要让世界其他地方理解和尊重黑猩猩。根据时间状语“For 40 years”可知用现在完成时，故填has been。
64．考查名词。句意：妇科病专家林巧芝是另一位取得巨大成就的女性。作动词made的宾语用名词，make achievements表示“取得成就”，故填achievements。
65．考查让步状语从句。句意：有一个又一个故事讲述一天的工作后不管多累，她还要深夜去给贫穷的家庭接生。no matter how+adj表示“不管多么……”，故填how。
66．考查时态语态。句意：正是由于她的辛勤工作和对病人的关怀，数百名婴儿才得以安全分娩。事情发生在过去，babies 与deliver之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were delivered。
67．考查冠词。句意：第三个例子是袁隆平，世界上第一个种植超级杂交水稻的农业先驱。a+序数词表示“又一、再”，故填A。
68．考查不定式。句意同上，当被修饰词前有序数词修饰时，用不定式作后置定语，故填to grow。
69．考查固定短语。句意：因此，现在联合国在消除世界饥饿的斗争中有了更多的方法。rid...of…表示“去除、让……摆脱……”，故填of。
70．考查形容词。句意：简而言之，他们的工作令人印象深刻，值得表扬和学习。作is的表语用形容词，故填impressive。
71．for 72．forming 73．where 74．to breathe 75．disappears 76．exactly 77．were shipped 78．another 79．polluted 80．have helped
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了牡蛎的重要性及目前牡蛎的生存受到威胁的原因。
71．考查介词。句意：它们是螃蟹和其他动物的食物。根据句意可知，句中指“对于”螃蟹和其他动物，它们是食物，由此可知，空格处应用介词“for”，意为“对于”。故填for。
72．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着新牡蛎的生长，它们会将壳附着在老牡蛎上，形成更大的礁石，还有许多其他动物居住的小空间。分析句子可知，句中有动词“attach”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中表示自然而然的结果，故应用现在分词作结果状语，“form”的现在分词为“forming”。故填forming。
73．考查定语从句。句意：随着新牡蛎的生长，它们会将壳附着在老牡蛎上，形成更大的礁石，还有许多其他动物居住的小空间。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“small spaces”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。
74．考查固定短语。句意：如果藻类生长得太快，它们会耗尽水中的氧气，甚至鱼类也需要氧气来呼吸！根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“need sth. to do sth.”，意为“需要某物做某事”，“breath”意为“呼吸”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to breathe。
75．考查时态。句意：如果一个关键物种消失，其他植物和动物可能会死亡并且不会再生长。根据句意可知，句子为“If”引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，“disappear”意为“消失”，动词词性，句子主语为“a keystone species”，为可数名词单数，故空格处应用“disappear”的三单形式“disappears”。故填disappears。
76．考查副词。句意：这正是100年前在纽约港发生的事情——纽约市周围的一组河流和海湾。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，“exact”意为“准确的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“exactly”，意为“正是”。故填exactly。
77．考查时态和语态。句意：它们被运往世界各地的餐馆。根据句意和上文“lived”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，“They”代指“oysters”，与“ship”之间为被动关系，故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，“They”与“were”连用，“ship”的过去分词为“shipped”。故填were shipped。
78．考查代词。句意：牡蛎陷入困境还有另一个原因。根据上文内容可知，上文介绍了牡蛎陷入困境的一个原因，人们吃掉它们的速度超过了它们的生长速度，由此可知，句中介绍的是另一个原因，“another”意为“另一个”，为不定代词。故填another。
79．考查形容词。句意：港口污染的如此严重以至于几乎没有什么动物能在里面生存。分析句子可知，句子为结果状语从句，“so+adj./adv.+that…”，意为“如此……以至于……”，故空格处应用形容词，“polluted”意为“被污染的”，形容词词性，符合句意。故填polluted。
80．考查时态。句意：自20世纪70年代以来，新法律帮助减少了有毒废物。根据句意和句中“Since”可知，句子应用现在完成时，“laws”为可数名词复数，与“have”连用，“help”的过去分词为“helped”。故填have helped。
81．largest 82．It 83．was called 84．that 85．Located 86．an 87．by 88．continues 89．attracting 90．choice
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要对新疆的赛里木湖进行了相关的介绍。
81．考查形容词最高级。句意：赛里木湖，素有山上明珠之称，是新疆维吾尔自治区面积最大、海拔最高的高山湖泊。提示词是与空后highest是并列关系，用形容词最高级作定语，修饰名词alpine lake。故填largest。
82．考查代词。句意：该湖位于天山西部的一个山盆中。这是去伊犁州的必经之路。空处做主语，指代上文的Sayram Lake，为防止重复，用代词it指代，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故填It。
83．考查时态和语态。句意：在中国古代，这个湖被称为“净海”。主语单数名词the lake与谓语动词call之间形成动宾关系，所以是被动，根据时间状语“In ancient China”可知用一般过去时。故填was called。
84．考查关系代词。句意：它也被称为“大西洋的最后一滴泪珠”，因为它是大西洋暖湿气流到达最远的地方。分析句子可知，该句空处后为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the farthest place，关系词将先行词代入定语从句作宾语，且先行词前用形容词最高级the farthest修饰，只能用关系代词that引导该定语从句。故填that。
85．考查非谓语动词。句意：湖面海拔2073米，长30公里，宽25公里，面积460平方公里。分析句子可知，提示词locate是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the lake之间是被动关系，应用过去分词做状语，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故填Located。
86．考查冠词。句意：湖面海拔2073米，长30公里，宽25公里，面积460平方公里。“cover an area of……”固定搭配“占地……面积”。故填an。
87．考查介词。句意：湖水每年上升 3 到 5 厘米。“上升了多少”固定用法“rise by”。故填by。
88．考查动词时态语态。句意：它的面积也在继续增长。结合上下文可知，该句为一般现在时，且空处为谓语动词，与主语是主动关系，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用一般现在时主动语态单数形式。故填continues。
89．考查非谓语动词。句意：湖水清澈宁静，引来成群的鸭子和天鹅。分析句子可知，“(attract) flocks of ducks and swans”是结果状语，提示词是非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语the water之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示情理之中的结果。故填attracting。
90．考查名词。句意：该湖已成为情侣们拍摄婚纱照和度蜜月的首选之地。根据空前冠词a和形容词top可知，应使用单数名词choice作宾语，意为“选择”。故填choice。
91．at 92．length 93．quicker 94．using 95．what 96．the 97．where 98．to spend 99．will sink 100．exactly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家发现了世界上跑得最快的蚂蚁——撒哈拉银蚁。文章介绍了这种蚂蚁的一些习性和特点。
91．考查介词。句意：它的速度刚刚超过每小时3公里。结合句意表示“以……的速度”短语为at a speed of。故填at。
92．考查名词。句意：蚂蚁每秒钟跑的路程是自己身体长度的108倍。此处应填抽象名词length，构成倍数表达：倍数+the length of+比较对象。故填length。
93．考查比较级。句意：这比奥运会上的100米跑步者跑得还快。根据后文than an Olympic 100-meter runner可知应用比较级。故填quicker。
94．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上跑得最快的人尤塞恩·博尔特跑100米的速度是每秒4步，而撒哈拉银蚁的速度是每秒50步。分析句子结构可知use在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Usain Bolt构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填using。
95．考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们表示，这么多的运动几乎打破了生物在物理上可能达到的极限。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物应用what。故填what。
96．考查冠词。句意：蚂蚁的每只脚与地面接触只有7毫秒，然后它们就会迈出下一步。表示“下一个”短语为the next。故填the。
97．考查定语从句。句意：科学家们表示，撒哈拉银蚁之所以跑得这么快，是因为它们生活在炎热的沙漠中，那里的沙子温度可以达到60摄氏度，所以它们希望尽可能少地在灼热的地面上停留。定语从句修饰先行词desert，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
98．考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们表示，撒哈拉银蚁之所以跑得这么快，是因为它们生活在炎热的沙漠中，那里的沙子温度可以达到60摄氏度，所以它们希望尽可能少地在灼热的地面上停留。此处为短语desire to do sth.表示“希望做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to spend。
99．考查时态。句意：另一个原因是，如果蚂蚁的脚在沙子上停留的时间更长，它们会下沉一点，速度会变慢。if引导的条件状语从句用了一般现在时，故主句用一般将来时。故填will sink。
100．考查副词。句意：沃尔夫教授告诉CNN，“我们知道这些蚂蚁会很快，但没有人知道具体有多快，以及它们是如何达到这个速度的。”修饰形容词fast应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。
101．The 102．can 103．holding 104．how 105．as 106．in 107．which 108．have had 109．the oldest 110．decorated
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东京的猫头鹰咖啡馆，介绍了这种咖啡馆的特色。
101．考查冠词。句意：去年，纽约的一家猫咪咖啡馆排起了长队，在网上预定的曼哈顿猫咪咖啡馆几乎提前两个多月就被订满了。Manhattan cat café为专有名词，前面应用定冠词，句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。
102．考查情态动词。句意：你能在兔子咖啡馆闲逛，也可以在东京和两只山羊一起喝咖啡。后跟动词原形，表示能力，意为“能够”应用can。故填can。
103．考查非谓语动词。句意：你也可以抱着一只大角猫头鹰在咖啡馆里呆上一个小时。此处为spend some time doing sth.，表示“花费时间做某事”。故填holding。
104．考查感叹句。句意：从在东京猫头鹰店订位的复杂程度来看，那里的猫头鹰咖啡馆和这里猫咖啡馆一样流行。此处为感叹句，感叹后形容词complicated应用how。故填how。
105．考查连词。句意：从在东京猫头鹰店订位的复杂程度来看，那里的猫头鹰咖啡馆和这里猫咖啡馆一样流行。此处为as…as…表示“和……一样”。故填as。
106．考查介词。句意：猫头鹰有各种各样的大小和种类，从小到大，包括有角的大猫头鹰，有大而尖的爪子和令人印象深刻的喙。根据后文various sizes and species表示“有各种各样的大小和种类”应与介词in连用。故填in。
107．考查定语从句。句意：每只鸟的一只脚上都有一个系绳，当它在你的手臂上休息时，你用手握住它。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词tether，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故用which引导。故填which。
108．考查时态。句意：如果你已经玩够了，想看看其他人的猫头鹰，他们会让你摆脱鸟的困扰。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为you，助动词用have。故填have had。
109．考查最高级。句意：在日本一些最古老的地方，摄影是被禁止的，但这里不是其中之一。结合后文in Japan以及句意“最古老的”可知应用形容词最高级。故填the oldest。
110．考查非谓语动词。句意：端上来的饮料覆盖着保鲜膜，上面装饰着一只猫头鹰的魔笔插图。短语be decorated with表示“装饰着”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填decorated。
111．Seen 112．slowing 113．As 114．an 115．is absorbed 116．analysis 117．faster 118．believed 119．at 120．hurricanes
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了海洋在减缓全球变暖中扮演着重要角色，但海洋本身的平均升温速度比联合国五年前认为的要快40%，这将会带来一些破坏性的影响。
111．考查非谓语动词。句意：从外太空看，地球是一个蓝色的星球，因为海洋覆盖了它70%的表面。分析句子可知，非谓语动词see和主语是被动关系，故用其过去分词seen作状语。大写句子首字母，故填Seen。
112．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新研究，海洋在减缓全球变暖方面发挥着重要作用。in为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填slowing。
113．考查定语从句。句意：正如《纽约时报》所报道的，这是“一个重要的缓冲”。分析句子可知，本句为as引导的非限制性定语从句，可位于句首。as意为“正如”,指代后面的整个句子,作reported的宾语。大写句首字母，故填As。
114．考查冠词。句意：正如《纽约时报》所报道的，这是“一个重要的缓冲”。buffer为可数名词，本句中为泛指概念，且important的发音为元音因素开头，所以用不定冠词an限定。故填an。
115．考查时态和语态。句意：一项分析显示，另外7%的热量被空气、陆地和冰盖吸收。分析句子可知，本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；动词absorb和主
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