卷子答案网-一个不只有答案的网站2022-2023学年(上)高一年级阶段性测试(一)
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking about
A. A business trip. B. A piece of clothing. C. The man’s daughter.
2. What will the woman do at night
A. Stay at home. B. Go to the park. C. Walk her dog.
3. What does the man mean
A. The woman should learn the guitar. B. The woman should change her mind.
C. The woman should give up the violin.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.
5. What does the man think of German cars
A. Cheap. B. Energy-saving. C. Expensive.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What did the woman call to do
A. Buy tickets. B. Change tickets. C. Cancel tickets.
7. What will happen to the woman at last
A. She will miss her plane. B. She will lose some money. C. She can’t buy another ticket.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman invite the man to do
A. See a film. B. Visit Disney World. C. Look after their son.
9. What does the man do
A. He’s an actor. B. He’s a student. C. He’s a teacher.
10. Why does the man accept the invitation at last
A. The woman forces him to do so. B. The woman agrees to change the time.
C. The cinema is very good.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man doing
A. Serving others. B. Doing some shopping. C. Guarding the door.
12. How much does the woman pay
A. $5. B.$50. C. $55.
13. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a restaurant. B. At a library. C. In a shop.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who is a Japanese
A. Jenny. B. Charlie. C. Carolina.
15. Where does Hank live
A. In Room 2. B. In Room 3. C. In Room 4.
16. Where are the speakers now
A. In China. B. In Japan. C. In America.
17. What will the woman do tomorrow
A. Go to post something. B. Have a meeting. C. Have a cup of tea.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the little girl doing
A. Taking a class online. B. Playing online games. C. Chatting with her friends.
19. Who stays with Youyou
A. A foreign speaker. B. Her classmate. C. Her mother.
20. How does Chang feel about her choice
A. Sad. B. Pleased. C. Regretful.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Endangered Wildlife of Malaysian Borneo
May 2023—4 days
Register now at tours@ and we will contact you soon with full tour information.
Day 1: Arrive into Sepilok
Welcome to Borneo! You will be met upon arrival at Sandakan airport and then go to Sepilok Nature Resort. In the evening, your guest expert and guide Charles Ryan will give a talk on the trip ahead and then you can enjoy a welcome meal together. After dinner, head out for a night walk in the thick rainforest to search for wildlife(野生动物)active at night.
Day 2: Sepilok Orangutang Rehabilitation Centre
Start early for a pre-breakfast birdwatching walk. Return to the lodge for breakfast and walk the short distance from the resort to the Sepilok Orangutang Rehabilitation Centre. In the afternoon,head out to the Rainforest Discovery Centre. In the evening, Charles will give talks about the day’s finds. He will also help you improve your skills to take pictures.
Day 3: River Safaris and Sustainable Farming
There will be an early wakeup call today for coffee and tea, before searching for wildlife. You will finish at the village of Abai for breakfast at one of the houses. Afterwards, visit a forest restoration site, see the effect that it has on wildlife and have an opportunity to plant some trees.After returning by boat to the lodge for lunch, we will take another river trip in search of more wildlife.
Day 4: Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
After breakfast, leave for the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, where you will be given a private tour of the centre by the founder of the centre, Dr Wong. The sun bear is the smallest bear species(物种) in the world. Afterwards,go to an early lunch at San Da Gen Kopitiam. At night, you can walk to search for some wild animals in the forest.
1. What can visitors do early on the second day
A. Enjoy a welcome meal. B. Watch wild birds.
C. Make coffee by themselves. D. Learn to plant trees.
2. What do activities on Day 1 and Day 4 have in common
A. Visitors have to take an early lunch. B. Visitors search for wild animals at night.
C. Visitors watch the world’s smallest bear. D. Visitors wake up early for coffee and tea.
3. On which day do visitors eat at a local house
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
B
Marigi worked deep in a forest in Nigeria a country on the western coast of Africa. He is a logger who cuts down trees using a knife. The forest where he worked is in the Ondo State in Southwest Nigeria. But many trees in that forest have been lost to too much logging.
The 61-year-old father of two said that he could cut down over 15 trees anywhere in the forest,but he would be lucky to find only two now.“During the time of my father, we had big trees but sadly what we have now are just small trees and we don’t even allow them to grow tall enough before we cut them,” Marigi said.
After cutting down the trees, Marigi puts markers on them to let other loggers know that he is the owner. The cut-down trees, or logs, are then transported(运输)by waterways and rivers to Nigeria’s biggest city, Lagos.
Trees in Nigeria are cut down to open land for farming or to feed the energy need of a growing population. From 2001 to 2021, Nigeria has lost 1. 14 million hectares of tree cover.
Months after cutting down the trees, Marigi returned to the forest to tie his 40 logs together so they could be transported. With other loggers, he paid for a boat to pull the logs through waterways from Ondo State to Lagos.
They built simple houses on top of the logs to help protect themselves from the weather. Food was shared and they sang traditional songs to cheer themselves up. They did not sleep at night to make sure that the logs would not get away from the boat. The boat stopped at several places to pickup more loggers and their logs. A single boat can transport thousands of such logs.
Marigi’s trip ended in Lagos where logs from Ondo State and other parts of the country came together. The logs were then cut and sold to users.
4. What can we learn about his father according to Marigi
A. He took good care of the forest. B. He could cut down trees for free.
C. He left small trees to later generations. D. He had plenty of big trees to cut.
5. How does Marigi show the ownership of the trees he cut down
A. By moving them to his house. B. By making signs on them.
C. By putting them near waterways. D. By living on top of them.
6. Why did Marigi go back into the forest
A. To collect his woods. B. To plant small trees.
C. To look for big trees. D. To open land for farming.
7. Why didn’t Marigi and his partners sleep at night
A. Their houses were too small to sleep in.
B. They were busy with the woods for sale.
C. They protected the woods from being lost.
D. They needed to work together continuously.
C
At Phoenix Bikes, a bicycle shop, students are learning to repair bikes. Phoenix Bikes sells bikes to the public at their business in Arlington, Virginia. But it also teaches teenagers how to repair bikes.
Most students at Phoenix Bikes start in its after-school “earn-a-bike program”, at middle and high schools in and around Arlington County. Once a week over a 12-week period, students learn repair skills. They learn how to use tools, fix flat tires, correct the wheels, and change gears (齿轮). The first lesson includes splitting the bike, and by doing this, they learn all the parts of a bike.
In the first few weeks, they work in small groups to repair a bike given to the shop. The bikes often have missing or damaged parts. The finished bike is then given to a person in need from the community (社区). In the last four weeks of the program, students come to the shop to work on one of the given bikes which they can then take home at no cost.
Anthony is a student at nearby Wakefield High School. He just completed his bike. He said it was not in good shape at first but was the kind of bike he was looking for and could be made into something better. He said it had no light, no front tire, and was without a chain, which controls the gears. He said he joined the program to get better at working with his hands and fixing things.
Phoenix Bikes is teaching 300 to 400 young people this year. Phoenix communications coordinator Gage said the classes are fun and let students learn with their hands after sitting in the classroom all day at school. He added that bikes are interesting for teenagers especially because they are a means of transportation and freedom. Learning how to fix a bike can also be a fun challenge, he said.
8. What does the underlined word “splitting” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Putting away. B. Breaking up. C. Unlocking. D. Moving.
9. What do students do with the bikes repaired in the last four weeks
A. They sell them to whoever likes it. B. They use them in the training.
C They keep them for themselves. D. They give them to those in need.
10. Why did Anthony take the trouble to repair the broken bike
A. It was the type of bike he liked. B. It was a must to finish the training.
C. He needed to prove his ability. D. He wanted to get real experience.
11. What did Gage think of their program
A. It did good to students’ studies. B. It offered fun transportation to students.
C. It was too hard for students. D. It was valuable to students.
D
In February, the U.S. stated that its Mars explorer, Perseverance, landed successfully on the Red Planet. Perseverance is on a task to collect Martian soil and rocks as part of a search for signs of ancient life.
Perseverance landed in an area of Mars called Jezero Crater Scientists believe the area has a large ancient lakebed. NASA considers the area a promising place to find possible signs of microbial life.
Perseverance carried to Mars a small experimental helicopter named Ingenuity. In April, NASA said Ingenuity had successfully completed a takeoff and landing on the planet. It said the flight was historic; it marked the first time any flying machines had performed a powered, controlled flight on another planet.
In July, British billionaire Richard Branson entered into space on a rocket plane built by Virgin Galactic, the space tourism company he created. Branson joined two pilots and three other task experts on the flight. Virgin Galactic aims to fly private citizens to the edge of space to experience a few minutes of weightlessness and observe the Earth.
A little over a week later, American billionaire Jeff Bezos flew to the edge of space on a rocket built by his company, Blue Origin. Three other people took the quick trip with him: Bezos’ brother, a Dutch teenager and an 82-year-old pilot.
The flights by Branson and Bezos officially started a new industry that promises any citizen the chance to visit space. Such trips will be costly, however. Virgin Galactic’s price for a single flight is $250,000. Blue Origin has not publicly announced its price. Both businesses have built operating bases, called spaceports, in the countryside areas of the U.S.
And earlier this month, Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa arrived at the International Space Station (ISS), their destination where they stayed for 12 days. The businessman arrived along with an assistant aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft. The price of that trip has not been made public, but some reports guess it cost up to $50 million.
12. What is Virgin Galactic’s goal
A. To search for life in space. B. To draw people’s attention to space.
C. To develop space tourism for the public. D. To support space exploration programs.
13. What do we know about Richard Branson and Jeff Bezos
A. They traveled in space with their family. B. They went to the same place in space.
C. They tried to serve tourists in the countryside. D. They rode a spaceship built by their own company.
14. What is secret about the Japanese billionaire’s space travel
A. Its cost. B. Its destination. C. Its travel period. D. Its transportation.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Expensive Space Tourism in the Future B. Signs of Ancient Life Discovered on Mars
C. Traveling in Space, Billionaires’ Game D. Progress on Mars and Rise in Space Tourists
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Grow Plants with Little Sun
Some people might think that growing plants without much sun is a difficult, if not impossible, task. However, that is not true.
What type of shade (背阴处) do you have
The first step is understanding the type of shade you have. This is based on the amount (数量) of time that the sun shines on the area. ____16____They are:
part shade (3-6 hours of direct sun, usually in the morning)
full shade (less than 3 hours of direct sun)
deep shade (sunlight rarely, if ever, gets through trees or past structures like buildings)
Buy the right plants
When you know your shade conditions, find plants that suit them. ____17____ You can also research that information online, in books or magazines. Experts at gardening stores are other sources of information.
And don’t forget your gardeners nearby. When walking around a community garden or your neighborhood take note of plants growing in shady areas. Talk to the gardeners. ____18____
Ways to increase light
The gardening expert adds that painting nearby structures white mirrors sunlight. Glass and mirrored objects can also mirror light around the garden. If possible, carefully cut some tree branches (树枝). This lets more sunlight reach the ground.
What to plant
Search for the low-light plants suitable for your area. ____19____ Vegetables like tomatoes need a lot of sun. But leafy greens actually grow better in part shade.
As for pests (害虫), some kinds like shade gardens. But most other pests are less of a problem in low-light conditions. ____20____ That is, you will feel less hot while gardening!
A. There are three main types of shade.
B. Learn about their successes and failures.
C. Do not give up growing plants you can eat.
D. Deep shade is the most challenging for gardeners.
E. This information is available where plants are sold.
F. Note how many hours of direct sunlight reaches the ground.
G. There is another good thing about gardens with less sunlight.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Tonight, I walked into my nearby supermarket. And as soon as I ____21____ the glass door, I could tell something unusual was happening at the check stand near the entrance.
I saw a cashier (收银员) ____22____ a few things from a shopper’s bags. The shopper was an elderly woman. I stood there and quickly ____23____ that the cashier was removing things from the____24____ to cut the amount needing to be ____25____.
I walked quickly over to the check stand, pulled some ____26____ out of my bag and showed it to the cashier. I ____27____ the things she was about to put behind her, ____28____ that I’d pay for them.She put them back down at the check stand and again went to help the woman with her card but it still didn’t ____29____. I looked at the screen to see the amount, handed the cashier the money and then ____30____ walked away.
The old woman was a bit ____31____ and didn’t notice me at all, and when she was ____32____ that everything was paid for, she was confused. I can’t even begin to describe to you how ____33____ this woman looked when I first saw her at the check stand.
I feel so happy that I was able to ____34____ her a little tonight and hopefully bring some ____35____into her life.
21. A. knocked at B. focused on C. went through D. turned to
22. A. taking B. marking C. weighing D. borrowing
23. A. explained B. realized C. agreed D. considered
24. A. record B. price C. chance D. bill
25. A. owned B. paid C. carried D. returned
26. A. money B. paper C. tea D. bread
27. A. looked into B. counted on C. dealt with D. pointed at
28. A. believing B. proving C. saying D. worrying
29. A. matter B. work C. change D. serve
30. A. quickly B. suddenly C. luckily D. formally
31. A. angry B. peaceful C. nervous D. excited
32. A. promised B. warned C. taught D. told
33. A. sad B. strange C. honest D. confident
34. A. guide B. help C. understand D. control
35. A. right B. advice C. joy D. success
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese space company has designed a machine ____36____ can catch waste materials left behind by spaceships in outer space with a big net.
The 30-kilogram machine, called NEO-01, ____37____ (make) by Origin Space last year. The company says the machine will lead the way for future technologies able to develop asteroids(小行星).
Usually,space cleanup technology lets magnets(磁铁) gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net ____38____(catch)waste and then burn it.
____39____ (thousand)of spaceships have been sent up worldwide. As time goes on, many end up as waste and put other operating spaceships ____40____ risk.
Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to send up many space telescopes and more spaceships to begin the ____41____(develop) of asteroids by 2045.
____42____is reported by Xinhua Neus that China is increasing efforts to land a spaceship on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials. China is also ____43____(clear) speeding up a plan to send up spaceships to stop near-Earth asteroids from ____44____(harm)the Earth.
The country aims to follow other space powers such as Russia in becoming ____45____ main space power by 2030.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你市一家动物保护组织要在森林公园举办野生动物放归大自然活动。请你写信邀请你校交换生John参加，内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.活动内容介绍。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：野生的 wild
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Driving on the mountain roads where I live can be both a great pleasure and an adventure at times. Yet, you should always look out for holes, deer, skunks and squirrels crossing the road, as well as fallen trees and broken rocks that have rolled down the side of the hill.
I came upon one of those rocks just the other day. I saw a car turn around it and the truck just ahead of me run over it. I turned too and then quickly pulled over to a wide place. I knew a rock that size would break parts of a low riding car like mine if the driver didn’t see it in time to move.I walked over and picked up the huge stone. It must have weighed 50 pounds but I tried my best,and finally I got it into the ditch(沟)and walked smiling back to my car.
The happening reminded me of an old story I had read once. In a faraway land a king had placed a huge rock on the road leading to his palace. Many nobles walked by and around it complaining(抱怨)that the king didn’t keep the road up better.Finally,a poor farmer arrived pulling a cart of vegetables. He stopped and rolled the rock off the road with all his strength. Then he saw under it was a bag of gold coins that the king had left for the one who cleared the path for those who came after.
Now while there wasn’t any bag of treasure under the rock I moved, my heart did feel a little more golden as I walked back to my car. Maybe the real reward(奖励)is the love we feel,the good we do and the kindness we share. Then an idea came to my mind: why not make the road safer to drive on
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told my friends what I thought.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now we are trying our best to help drivers and keep the road safe.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第1页/共1页
（北京）股份有限公司2022-2023学年(上)高一年级阶段性测试(一)
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking about
A. A business trip. B. A piece of clothing. C. The man’s daughter.
2. What will the woman do at night
A. Stay at home. B. Go to the park. C. Walk her dog.
3. What does the man mean
A. The woman should learn the guitar. B. The woman should change her mind.
C. The woman should give up the violin.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.
5. What does the man think of German cars
A. Cheap. B. Energy-saving. C. Expensive.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the woman call to do
A. Buy tickets. B. Change tickets. C. Cancel tickets.
7. What will happen to the woman at last
A. She will miss her plane. B. She will lose some money. C. She can’t buy another ticket.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman invite the man to do
A. See a film. B. Visit Disney World. C. Look after their son.
9. What does the man do
A. He’s an actor. B. He’s a student. C. He’s a teacher.
10. Why does the man accept the invitation at last
A. The woman forces him to do so. B. The woman agrees to change the time.
C. The cinema is very good.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11 What is the man doing
A. Serving others. B. Doing some shopping. C. Guarding the door.
12. How much does the woman pay
A. $5. B.$50. C. $55.
13. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a restaurant. B. At a library. C. In a shop.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who is a Japanese
A. Jenny. B. Charlie. C. Carolina.
15. Where does Hank live
A. In Room 2. B. In Room 3. C. In Room 4.
16. Where are the speakers now
A. In China. B. In Japan. C. In America.
17. What will the woman do tomorrow
A. Go to post something. B. Have a meeting. C. Have a cup of tea.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the little girl doing
A. Taking a class online. B. Playing online games. C. Chatting with her friends.
19. Who stays with Youyou
A. A foreign speaker. B. Her classmate. C. Her mother.
20. How does Chang feel about her choice
A. Sad. B. Pleased. C. Regretful.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Endangered Wildlife of Malaysian Borneo
May 2023—4 days
Register now at tours@ and we will contact you soon with full tour information.
Day 1: Arrive into Sepilok
Welcome to Borneo! You will be met upon arrival at Sandakan airport and then go to Sepilok Nature Resort. In the evening, your guest expert and guide Charles Ryan will give a talk on the trip ahead and then you can enjoy a welcome meal together. After dinner, head out for a night walk in the thick rainforest to search for wildlife(野生动物)active at night.
Day 2: Sepilok Orangutang Rehabilitation Centre
Start early for a pre-breakfast birdwatching walk. Return to the lodge for breakfast and walk the short distance from the resort to the Sepilok Orangutang Rehabilitation Centre. In the afternoon,head out to the Rainforest Discovery Centre. In the evening, Charles will give talks about the day’s finds. He will also help you improve your skills to take pictures.
Day 3: River Safaris and Sustainable Farming
There will be an early wakeup call today for coffee and tea, before searching for wildlife. You will finish at the village of Abai for breakfast at one of the houses. Afterwards, visit a forest restoration site, see the effect that it has on wildlife and have an opportunity to plant some trees.After returning by boat to the lodge for lunch, we will take another river trip in search of more wildlife.
Day 4: Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
After breakfast, leave for the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, where you will be given a private tour of the centre by the founder of the centre, Dr Wong. The sun bear is the smallest bear species(物种) in the world. Afterwards,go to an early lunch at San Da Gen Kopitiam. At night, you can walk to search for some wild animals in the forest.
1. What can visitors do early on the second day
A. Enjoy a welcome meal. B. Watch wild birds.
C. Make coffee by themselves. D. Learn to plant trees.
2. What do activities on Day 1 and Day 4 have in common
A. Visitors have to take an early lunch. B. Visitors search for wild animals at night.
C. Visitors watch the world’s smallest bear. D. Visitors wake up early for coffee and tea.
3. On which day do visitors eat at a local house
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了来马来西亚婆罗洲旅游的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 2部分“Start early for a pre-breakfast birdwatching walk(早点开始早餐前的观鸟散步。)”可知，第二天早上游客可以观察野生鸟类。故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Day 1部分“After dinner, head out for a night walk in the thick rainforest to search for wildlife(野生动物)active at night.(晚饭后，前往浓密的雨林中夜间散步，寻找夜间活跃的野生动物。)”以及Day 4部分“At night，you can walk to search for some wild animals in the forest.(晚上，你可以走着去森林里寻找一些野生动物。)”可知，第一天和第四天的活动的共同点是游客在夜间搜寻野生动物。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 3部分“You will finish at the village of Abai for breakfast at one of the houses.(您将在Abai村的一所房子吃早餐。)”可知，游客在第三天在当地的房子吃饭。故选C项。
B
Marigi worked deep in a forest in Nigeria, a country on the western coast of Africa. He is a logger who cuts down trees using a knife. The forest where he worked is in the Ondo State in Southwest Nigeria. But many trees in that forest have been lost to too much logging.
The 61-year-old father of two said that he could cut down over 15 trees anywhere in the forest,but he would be lucky to find only two now.“During the time of my father, we had big trees but sadly what we have now are just small trees and we don’t even allow them to grow tall enough before we cut them,” Marigi said.
After cutting down the trees, Marigi puts markers on them to let other loggers know that he is the owner. The cut-down trees, or logs, are then transported(运输)by waterways and rivers to Nigeria’s biggest city, Lagos.
Trees in Nigeria are cut down to open land for farming or to feed the energy need of a growing population. From 2001 to 2021, Nigeria has lost 1. 14 million hectares of tree cover.
Months after cutting down the trees, Marigi returned to the forest to tie his 40 logs together so they could be transported. With other loggers, he paid for a boat to pull the logs through waterways from Ondo State to Lagos.
They built simple houses on top of the logs to help protect themselves from the weather. Food was shared and they sang traditional songs to cheer themselves up. They did not sleep at night to make sure that the logs would not get away from the boat. The boat stopped at several places to pickup more loggers and their logs. A single boat can transport thousands of such logs.
Marigi’s trip ended in Lagos where logs from Ondo State and other parts of the country came together. The logs were then cut and sold to users.
4. What can we learn about his father according to Marigi
A. He took good care of the forest. B. He could cut down trees for free.
C. He left small trees to later generations. D. He had plenty of big trees to cut.
5. How does Marigi show the ownership of the trees he cut down
A. By moving them to his house. B. By making signs on them.
C. By putting them near waterways. D. By living on top of them.
6. Why did Marigi go back into the forest
A. To collect his woods. B. To plant small trees.
C. To look for big trees. D. To open land for farming.
7. Why didn’t Marigi and his partners sleep at night
A. Their houses were too small to sleep in.
B. They were busy with the woods for sale.
C. They protected the woods from being lost.
D. They needed to work together continuously.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是尼日利亚伐木工Marigi所面临的树木匮乏的处境以及他的工作内容。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““During the time of my father, we had big trees but sadly what we have now are just small trees and we don’t even allow them to grow tall enough before we cut them,” Marigi said.(Marigi说：“在我父亲的时代，我们有大树，但遗憾的是，我们现在只有小树，我们甚至没有让它们长到足够高，就砍伐它们。”)”可知，现在的情况是还没等树木长大就被砍掉了，进而推断出现在树木匮乏。然而在Marigi父亲的年代，树木都是大树，可以推断出那个时候树木很丰富，可以等到小树长大了再砍。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After cutting down the trees, Marigi puts markers on them to let other loggers know that he is the owner.(砍倒树木后，Marigi在树木上做记号，让其他伐木者知道他是树的主人。)”可知，Marigi通过在砍倒的树上做记号来说明他是树木的主人。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Months after cutting down the trees, Marigi returned to the forest to tie his 40 logs together so they could be transported.(砍倒树木几个月后，Marigi回到森林，把他的40根原木捆在一起，以便运输。)”可知，Marigi回到森林是为了把他的木头收集起来。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They did not sleep at night to make sure that the logs would not get away from the boat.(他们晚上不睡觉以确保原木不会离开船。)”可知，他们晚上不睡觉是为了看着木头，保护它们以防丢失。故选C。
C
At Phoenix Bikes, a bicycle shop, students are learning to repair bikes. Phoenix Bikes sells bikes to the public at their business in Arlington, Virginia. But it also teaches teenagers how to repair bikes.
Most students at Phoenix Bikes start in its after-school “earn-a-bike program”, at middle and high schools in and around Arlington County. Once a week over a 12-week period, students learn repair skills. They learn how to use tools, fix flat tires, correct the wheels, and change gears (齿轮). The first lesson includes splitting the bike, and by doing this, they learn all the parts of a bike.
In the first few weeks, they work in small groups to repair a bike given to the shop. The bikes often have missing or damaged parts. The finished bike is then given to a person in need from the community (社区). In the last four weeks of the program, students come to the shop to work on one of the given bikes which they can then take home at no cost.
Anthony is a student at nearby Wakefield High School. He just completed his bike. He said it was not in good shape at first but was the kind of bike he was looking for and could be made into something better. He said it had no light, no front tire, and was without a chain, which controls the gears. He said he joined the program to get better at working with his hands and fixing things.
Phoenix Bikes is teaching 300 to 400 young people this year. Phoenix communications coordinator Gage said the classes are fun and let students learn with their hands after sitting in the classroom all day at school. He added that bikes are interesting for teenagers especially because they are a means of transportation and freedom. Learning how to fix a bike can also be a fun challenge, he said.
8. What does the underlined word “splitting” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Putting away. B. Breaking up. C. Unlocking. D. Moving.
9. What do students do with the bikes repaired in the last four weeks
A. They sell them to whoever likes it. B. They use them in the training.
C. They keep them for themselves. D. They give them to those in need.
10. Why did Anthony take the trouble to repair the broken bike
A. It was the type of bike he liked. B. It was a must to finish the training.
C. He needed to prove his ability. D. He wanted to get real experience.
11. What did Gage think of their program
A. It did good to students’ studies. B. It offered fun transportation to students.
C. It was too hard for students. D. It was valuable to students.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个自行车商店Phoenix Bikes在卖自行车之余，还开设了课程教青少年们修理自行车。这项课程对于青少年来说不但可以学到修理自行车的技能，而且很有趣，同时还能免费获得一辆自己修理的自行车。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的句子“and by doing this, they learn all the parts of a bike.(通过这样做，他们可以熟悉自行车的所有部件。)”可知，doing this指的是splitting the bike，只有把自行车拆了，才可以了解到它的零部件，所以可推断出画线词splitting的意思是“拆开，分开”。A. Putting away放好，储存；B. Breaking up分解，分手；C. Unlocking开锁；D. Moving移动。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“In the last four weeks of the program, students come to the shop to work on one of the given bikes which they can then take home at no cost.(在课程的最后四周，学生们来到店里改进被捐赠的自行车之一，这辆自行车他们之后可以免费带回家。)”可知，在最后的四周里，学生们修的自行车是留给自己的。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He said it was not in good shape at first but was the kind of bike he was looking for and could be made into something better.(他说这辆车一开始状况不太好，但这正是他寻求的那种自行车，并且可以被改成更好的车子。)”可知，Anthony不辞辛苦地修理这辆破自行车，是因为这是他喜欢的那种车。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Phoenix communications coordinator Gage said the classes are fun and let students learn with their hands after sitting in the classroom all day at school. He added that bikes are interesting for teenagers especially because they are a means of transportation and freedom. Learning how to fix a bike can also be a fun challenge, he said.(菲尼克斯的通信协调员Gage说，这些课程很有趣，让学生们在学校教室里坐了一整天后用手学习。他补充说，自行车对青少年来说很有趣，尤其是因为它们是一种交通和自由的工具。学习如何修理自行车也是一个有趣的挑战，他说。)”可知，他们的课程不仅可以让学生学会自己动手修理自行车，还给他们的课外生活增添了乐趣，所以可以推断出Gage认为他们的课程对学生来说很有价值。故选D。
D
In February, the U.S. stated that its Mars explorer, Perseverance, landed successfully on the Red Planet. Perseverance is on a task to collect Martian soil and rocks as part of a search for signs of ancient life.
Perseverance landed in an area of Mars called Jezero Crater. Scientists believe the area has a large ancient lakebed. NASA considers the area a promising place to find possible signs of microbial life.
Perseverance carried to Mars a small experimental helicopter named Ingenuity. In April, NASA said Ingenuity had successfully completed a takeoff and landing on the planet. It said the flight was historic; it marked the first time any flying machines had performed a powered, controlled flight on another planet.
In July, British billionaire Richard Branson entered into space on a rocket plane built by Virgin Galactic, the space tourism company he created. Branson joined two pilots and three other task experts on the flight. Virgin Galactic aims to fly private citizens to the edge of space to experience a few minutes of weightlessness and observe the Earth.
A little over a week later, American billionaire Jeff Bezos flew to the edge of space on a rocket built by his company, Blue Origin. Three other people took the quick trip with him: Bezos’ brother, a Dutch teenager and an 82-year-old pilot.
The flights by Branson and Bezos officially started a new industry that promises any citizen the chance to visit space. Such trips will be costly, however. Virgin Galactic’s price for a single flight is $250,000. Blue Origin has not publicly announced its price. Both businesses have built operating bases, called spaceports, in the countryside areas of the U.S.
And earlier this month, Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa arrived at the International Space Station (ISS), their destination where they stayed for 12 days. The businessman arrived along with an assistant aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft. The price of that trip has not been made public, but some reports guess it cost up to $50 million.
12. What is Virgin Galactic’s goal
A. To search for life in space. B. To draw people’s attention to space.
C. To develop space tourism for the public. D. To support space exploration programs.
13. What do we know about Richard Branson and Jeff Bezos
A. They traveled in space with their family. B. They went to the same place in space.
C. They tried to serve tourists in the countryside. D. They rode a spaceship built by their own company.
14. What is secret about the Japanese billionaire’s space travel
A. Its cost. B. Its destination. C. Its travel period. D. Its transportation.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Expensive Space Tourism in the Future B. Signs of Ancient Life Discovered on Mars
C. Traveling in Space, Billionaires’ Game D. Progress on Mars and Rise in Space Tourists
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了今年2月，美国宣布其火星探测器“毅力号”成功登陆火星，介绍了火星上的一些进展以及太空旅游的兴起。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Virgin Galactic aims to fly private citizens to the edge of space to experience a few minutes of weightlessness and observe the Earth.(维珍银河的目标是让普通公民飞到太空边缘，体验几分钟的失重状态，并观察地球)”可知，维珍银河的目标是发展面向大众的太空旅游。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“In July, British billionaire Richard Branson entered into space on a rocket plane built by Virgin Galactic, the space tourism company he created. (今年7月，英国亿万富翁理查德·布兰森乘坐维珍银河建造的火箭飞机进入太空，维珍银河是他创建的太空旅游公司)”以及倒数第三段中“A little over a week later, American billionaire Jeff Bezos flew to the edge of space on a rocket built by his company, Blue Origin.(一周多后，美国亿万富翁杰夫·贝佐斯乘坐他的蓝色起源公司制造的火箭飞到了太空边缘)”可知，理查德·布兰森和杰夫·贝佐斯乘坐自己公司制造的宇宙飞船。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The price of that trip has not been made public, but some reports guess it cost up to $50 million.(这次旅行价格没有公开，但一些报道估计花费高达5000万美元)”可知，这位日本亿万富翁的太空旅行的花费没有公开，所以他的秘密在于他的花费。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In February, the U. S. stated that its Mars explorer, Perseverance, landed successfully on the Red Planet. Perseverance is on a task to collect Martian soil and rocks as part of a search for signs of ancient life.(今年2月，美国宣布其火星探测器“毅力号”成功登陆火星。“毅力”号正在执行一项收集火星土壤和岩石的任务，这是寻找古代生命迹象的一部分)”以及第四段中“In July, British billionaire Richard Branson entered into space on a rocket plane built by Virgin Galactic, the space tourism company he created. (今年7月，英国亿万富翁理查德·布兰森乘坐维珍银河建造的火箭飞机进入太空，维珍银河是他创建的太空旅游公司)”可知，文章主要介绍了火星上的一些进展以及太空旅游的兴起。故D选项“火星探索取得进展和太空游客的增多”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Grow Plants with Little Sun
Some people might think that growing plants without much sun is a difficult, if not impossible, task. However, that is not true.
What type of shade (背阴处) do you have
The first step is understanding the type of shade you have. This is based on the amount (数量) of time that the sun shines on the area. ____16____They are:
part shade (3-6 hours of direct sun, usually in the morning)
full shade (less than 3 hours of direct sun)
deep shade (sunlight rarely, if ever, gets through trees or past structures like buildings)
Buy the right plants
When you know your shade conditions, find plants that suit them. ____17____ You can also research that information online, in books or magazines. Experts at gardening stores are other sources of information.
And don’t forget your gardeners nearby. When walking around a community garden or your neighborhood, take note of plants growing in shady areas. Talk to the gardeners. ____18____
Ways to increase light
The gardening expert adds that painting nearby structures white mirrors sunlight. Glass and mirrored objects can also mirror light around the garden. If possible, carefully cut some tree branches (树枝). This lets more sunlight reach the ground.
What to plant
Search for the low-light plants suitable for your area. ____19____ Vegetables like tomatoes need a lot of sun. But leafy greens actually grow better in part shade.
As for pests (害虫), some kinds like shade gardens. But most other pests are less of a problem in low-light conditions. ____20____ That is, you will feel less hot while gardening!
A. There are three main types of shade.
B. Learn about their successes and failures.
C. Do not give up growing plants you can eat.
D. Deep shade is the most challenging for gardeners.
E. This information is available where plants are sold.
F. Note how many hours of direct sunlight reaches the ground.
G. There is another good thing about gardens with less sunlight.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在光照不足的情况下种植植物。
【16题详解】
根据下文提到的三种背阴情况past shade，full shade和deep shade推知，空处提出有三种主要的背阴类型。A项“There are three main types of shade.(有三种主要的背阴类型)”符合文意，下文they指代选项中的three main types of shade。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文“You can also research that information online, in books or magazines. (你也可以在网上、书籍或杂志上研究这些信息)”中also可知，空处也陈述在什么地方获取背阴植物的相关信息。E项“This information is available where plants are sold.(该信息可在出售植物的地方获得)”符合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“When walking around a community garden or your neighborhood, take note of plants growing in shady areas. Talk to the gardeners. (当你在社区花园或附近散步时，要注意生长在阴凉地区的植物。和园丁谈谈)”可知，上文建议与社区或附近的园丁聊聊。由此推知，空处陈述和他们聊天的目的。B项“Learn about their successes and failures.(了解他们的成功和失败)”符合文意，选项中的their呼应上文的gardeners。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Vegetables like tomatoes need a lot of sun. But leafy greens actually grow better in part shade.(像西红柿这样的蔬菜需要大量的阳光。但绿叶蔬菜实际上在部分阴凉处生长得更好)”可知，可以根据蔬菜需要的光照条件进行种植。由此推知，不能因为自家花园光照不足，就放弃种植自己喜欢吃的蔬菜。C项“Do not give up growing plants you can eat.(不要放弃种植你可以吃的植物)”符合文意。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“But most other pests are less of a problem in low-light conditions(但大多数其他害虫在弱光条件下不太成问题)”可知，在背阴处种植植物不用太担心害虫问题。结合下文“That is, you will feel less hot while gardening!(也就是说，你在做园艺时会感觉不那么热！)”推知，空处陈述在背阴处种植还有另外一个优点。G项“There is another good thing about gardens with less sunlight.(阳光较少的花园还有一个好处)”符合文意，与下文承接自然。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Tonight, I walked into my nearby supermarket. And as soon as I ____21____ the glass door, I could tell something unusual was happening at the check stand near the entrance.
I saw a cashier (收银员) ____22____ a few things from a shopper’s bags. The shopper was an elderly woman. I stood there and quickly ____23____ that the cashier was removing things from the____24____ to cut the amount needing to be ____25____.
I walked quickly over to the check stand, pulled some ____26____ out of my bag and showed it to the cashier. I ____27____ the things she was about to put behind her, ____28____ that I’d pay for them.She put them back down at the check stand and again went to help the woman with her card but it still didn’t ____29____. I looked at the screen to see the amount, handed the cashier the money and then ____30____ walked away.
The old woman was a bit ____31____ and didn’t notice me at all, and when she was ____32____ that everything was paid for, she was confused. I can’t even begin to describe to you how ____33____ this woman looked when I first saw her at the check stand.
I feel so happy that I was able to ____34____ her a little tonight and hopefully bring some ____35____into her life.
21. A. knocked at B. focused on C. went through D. turned to
22. A. taking B. marking C. weighing D. borrowing
23. A. explained B. realized C. agreed D. considered
24. A. record B. price C. chance D. bill
25. A. owned B. paid C. carried D. returned
26. A. money B. paper C. tea D. bread
27. A. looked into B. counted on C. dealt with D. pointed at
28. A. believing B. proving C. saying D. worrying
29. A. matter B. work C. change D. serve
30. A. quickly B. suddenly C. luckily D. formally
31. A. angry B. peaceful C. nervous D. excited
32. A. promised B. warned C. taught D. told
33. A. sad B. strange C. honest D. confident
34. A. guide B. help C. understand D. control
35. A. right B. advice C. joy D. success
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在超市看到一个老妇人没有足够的钱付款，于是帮助了她，想给她带来快乐的故事。
21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一穿过玻璃门，就能感觉到入口附近的收银台发生了不寻常的事情。A. knocked at敲门；B. focused on集中；C. went through通过；D. turned to求助于。根据后文“the glass door”指通过玻璃门，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看见一个收银员从一个购物者的袋子里拿了几样东西。A. taking拿；取；B. marking制作；C. weighing称重；D. borrowing借来。呼应后文“the cashier was removing things from”指收银员从一个购物者的袋子里拿了几样东西。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，很快意识到收银员正在从账单上删除一些东西，以减少需要支付的金额。A. explained解释；B. realized意识到；C. agreed同意；D. considered考虑。根据后文“that the cashier was removing things from the”可知，作者看到收银员的行为，意识到收银员正在从账单上删除一些东西，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，很快意识到收银员正在从账单上删除一些东西，以减少需要支付的金额。A. record记录；B. price价格；C. chance机会；D. bill账单。根据后文“to cut the amount”指从账单上删除一些东西，以减少需要支付的金额。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，很快意识到收银员正在从账单上删除一些东西，以减少需要被支付的金额。A. owned拥有；B. paid支付；C. carried搬运；D. returned返回。根据上文“to cut the amount”和“the cashier”可知，事情发生在收银台，因此推断此处讲述收银员从账单上删除一些东西，以减少需要被支付的金额。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析句意：我快步走到收银台，从包里拿出一些钱给收银员看。A. money钱；B. paper纸张；C. tea茶叶；D. bread面包。根据后文“I looked at the screen to see the amount, handed the cashier the money”可知，作者拿出了钱，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我指着她即将放下的那些东西，说我会为它们买单。A. looked into调查；B. counted on依赖；C. dealt with处理；D. pointed at指着。根据后文“the things she was about to put behind her”以及下文“ I’d pay for them”可知，作者指着她即将放下的那些东西，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我指着她即将放下的那些东西，说我会为它们买单。A. believing相信；B. proving证明；C. saying说；D. worrying担心。根据后文“that I’d pay for them.”可知作者说自己要为这些东西买单，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把它们放回收银台，又去帮那位女士拿卡，但还是没用。A. matter重要；B. work起作用；C. change改变；D. serve服务。根据上文“but it still didn’t”和下文“I looked at the screen to see the amount, handed the cashier the money”可知but表示转折，说明收银员的行为没有起作用，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我看了看屏幕上的金额，把钱递给收银员，然后迅速走开了。A. quickly快速地；B. suddenly突然；C. luckily幸运地；D. formally正式地。根据下文“didn’t notice me at all”可知，作者付了钱以后，迅速走开了，即做了好事不留名，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老妇人有点紧张，根本没有注意到我，当她被告知所有东西都已付款时，她很困惑。A. angry生气的；B. peaceful平静的；C. nervous紧张的；D. excited激动的。根据后文“and didn’t notice me at all”可知，老妇人没有足够的钱，所以紧张，没有注意到作者。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老妇人有点紧张，根本没有注意到我，当她被告知所有东西都已付款时，她很困惑。A. promised承诺；B. warned警告；C. taught教学；D. told告诉。根据后文“that everything was paid for, she was confused”指被告知所有东西都已付款时，她很困惑。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次在收银台看到这个女人时，我无法向你描述她有多么悲伤。A. sad悲伤的；B. strange奇怪的；C. honest诚实的；D. confident自信的。结合上文可知，作者第一次看到这个女人时，她因为没钱付款而悲伤，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴今晚能帮她一点忙，希望能给她的生活带来一些快乐。A. guide指导；B. help帮助；C. understand理解；D. control控制。根据上文内容以及“hopefully bring some 15 into her life.”可知作者帮助了别人，很开心。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴今晚能帮她一点忙，希望能给她的生活带来一些快乐。A. right权利；B. advice建议；C. joy快乐；D. success成功。上文提到作者看到女士的时候她很悲伤，所以希望帮助她，给她带来快乐。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese space company has designed a machine ____36____ can catch waste materials left behind by spaceships in outer space with a big net.
The 30-kilogram machine, called NEO-01, ____37____ (make) by Origin Space last year. The company says the machine will lead the way for future technologies able to develop asteroids(小行星).
Usually,space cleanup technology lets magnets(磁铁) gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net ____38____(catch)waste and then burn it.
____39____ (thousand)of spaceships have been sent up worldwide. As time goes on, many end up as waste and put other operating spaceships ____40____ risk.
Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to send up many space telescopes and more spaceships to begin the ____41____(develop) of asteroids by 2045.
____42____is reported by Xinhua Neus that China is increasing efforts to land a spaceship on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials. China is also ____43____(clear) speeding up a plan to send up spaceships to stop near-Earth asteroids from ____44____(harm)the Earth.
The country aims to follow other space powers such as Russia in becoming ____45____ main space power by 2030.
【答案】36. which##that
37. was made
38. to catch
39. Thousands
40. at 41. development 42. It
43. clearly
44. harming 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是a machine ，为物，在从句中充当主语成分。故填which/that。
【37题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这台30公斤重的机器名为NEO-01，去年由Origin Space制造。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，主语The 30-kilogram machine与谓语make为被动关系，且由 last year可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填was made。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：但Origin Space间网站上的一份报告称，NEO-01将使用一个网收集废物，然后将其焚烧。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，再根据句意可知，应填不定式作目的状语。故填to catch。
【39题详解】
考查数词。句意：数以千计的宇宙飞船被发射到世界各地。这里考查thousands of表“成千上万”，为固定搭配。故填Thousands。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，许多太空船最终成为废物，并使其他正在运行的太空船面临风险。这里考查at risk表“在危险中”，为固定搭配。故填at。
【41题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：他说，该公司计划发射许多太空望远镜和更多的宇宙飞船，以便在2045年开始开发小行星。分析句子可知，冠词the后面应加名词，且development表“发展”，为不可数名词。故填development。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：据新华社报道，中国正在加紧努力，将一艘宇宙飞船降落在近地小行星上收集材料。这里考查it is reported that表“据报道”，为固定句型。故填It。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰动词speeding up。故填clearly。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。这里考查stop sb from doing sth 表“阻止某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填harming。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该国的目标是在2030年之前跟随俄罗斯等其他太空大国成为主要太空大国。分析句子可知，此空应填应填冠词，且表泛指概念。故填a。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你市一家动物保护组织要在森林公园举办野生动物放归大自然活动。请你写信邀请你校交换生John参加，内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.活动内容介绍。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：野生的 wild
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear John,
An animal protection organization in our city is going to hold an activity to set free wild animals to nature in the forest park at 10 o’clock next Saturday Morning. I would like to invite you to take part in it.
The organization has been working to protect wildlife. The workers have rescued many wild animals, including some rare ones. This time they are going to free some of the animals, because they should live in the natural environment. I think it must be exciting to watch these animals to return to the wild!
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请交换生John参加一家动物保护组织在森林公园举办的野生动物放归大自然的活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要做某事：would like to do sth.→want to do sth.
参加：take part in→participate in
保护：protect→preserve
救助：rescue→save
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The organization has been working to protect wildlife.
拓展句：The organization has been working to protect wildlife, some of which is endangered.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This time they are going to free some of the animals, because they should live in the natural environment. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型1】I think it must be exciting to watch these animals to return to the wild! (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Driving on the mountain roads where I live can be both a great pleasure and an adventure at times. Yet, you should always look out for holes, deer, skunks and squirrels crossing the road, as well as fallen trees and broken rocks that have rolled down the side of the hill.
I came upon one of those rocks just the other day. I saw a car turn around it and the truck just ahead of me run over it. I turned too and then quickly pulled over to a wide place. I knew a rock that size would break parts of a low riding car like mine if the driver didn’t see it in time to move.I walked over and picked up the huge stone. It must have weighed 50 pounds but I tried my best,and finally I got it into the ditch(沟)and walked smiling back to my car.
The happening reminded me of an old story I had read once. In a faraway land a king had placed a huge rock on the road leading to his palace. Many nobles walked by and around it complaining(抱怨)that the king didn’t keep the road up better.Finally,a poor farmer arrived pulling a cart of vegetables. He stopped and rolled the rock off the road with all his strength. Then he saw under it was a bag of gold coins that the king had left for the one who cleared the path for those who came after.
Now while there wasn’t any bag of treasure under the rock I moved, my heart did feel a little more golden as I walked back to my car. Maybe the real reward(奖励)is the love we feel,the good we do and the kindness we share. Then an idea came to my mind: why not make the road safer to drive on
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told my friends what I thought.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now we are trying our best to help drivers and keep the road safe.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I told my friends what I thought. They were all amazed by the inspirational idea and applauded. Actions speak louder than words. Immediately, we began to make concrete plans about it. One said that we should plant flags where there were holes to remind drivers to be careful. As if inspired, another said excitedly that we could also put billboards on places where animals, like deer, skunks and squirrels, would always come and go. I smiled with relief and put forward that maybe it was also a good idea that we should find all the fallen stones and remove them as we drove along the road.
Now we are trying our best to help drivers and keep the road safe. All of us are busy planting flags, putting billboards and removing stones and we are all satisfied with what we have done. When I'm removing a stone, a driver gives me a thumbs-up, happily saying, “Your hearts are like gold.” I’m thrilled, thinking of the king again. Suddenly, another good idea hit me-maybe I can take some pictures and post them on the Facebook to appeal for more attention.
【解析】
【导语】本文以主人公在山路上开车遇到掉落的石头展开，想到石头可能带来的危险，作者下车把石头挪开并扔到沟里。作者的行为让他自己想到一个故事：一个国王在通往自己宫殿的路中间放了块石头，很多人绕行甚至抱怨，直到一位贫穷的农民出现，把它弄走，却发现了石头下面的金币。作者由此想到自己的行为虽然没人看到，但是奖励善行的是我们感到的爱和善良。因此，他也产生了一个想法：为什么不让道路更安全呢？
【详解】1. 段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“我把我的想法告诉我的朋友们”可知，第一段可围绕“想法”来展开，我和朋友们集思广益，出谋划策提出解决办法。
由第二段首句内容“现在我们正尽最大努力帮助司机保持道路安全”可知，我们把想法付诸了实践。
2. 续写线索：集思广益——付诸实践
3. 词汇激活
行为类
鼓掌：applaud/give sb. a big round of applause
想到主意：an idea hits sb./an idea comes to one’s mind
情绪类
兴奋的：excited/thrilled
满意的：be happy with/be satisfied with/be pleased with
【点睛】[高分句型1] One said that we should plant flags where there were holes to remind drivers to be careful. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，where引导的地点状语从句)
[高分句型2] As if inspired, another said excitedly that we could also put billboards on places where animals, like deer, skunks and squirrels, would always come and go. (运用了as if引导的方式状语从句中的省略，that引导的宾语从句，where引导的定语从句)
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